Electrical contact-conducting device for electrical energy store of at least partially electrically operated motor vehicle, electrical energy store and motor vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to an electrical contact-conducting device (14) for an electrical energy store (12) of an at least partially electrically operated motor vehicle (10), comprising at least one contact element (16) for contacting a pole (18) of the electrical energy store (12) and comprising a fastening element (20) for fastening the contact element (16) to the pole (18), characterized in that the contact element (16) can be fastened to the pole (18). The contact element (16) is in contact conduction with the pole (18) via the fastening element (20) under a preload, and the electrical contact conduction device (14) has a pyrotechnic device (24) which is designed to release the fastening element (20) upon receipt of a control signal. The invention also relates to an electrical energy store (12) and to a motor vehicle (10).

Description

Field of the Invention

[0001] The present invention relates to an electrical contact conduction device for an electrical energy storage device of at least partially electrically operated motor vehicles as described in the preamble of claim 1. The present invention also relates to an electrical energy storage device and a motor vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Pyrotechnic fuses, for example, located on the circuit board of an electronic instrument, are already known from the prior art. In addition, electrical fuses in a battery cell contact conduction system and fuse links on a circuit board are correspondingly known.

[0003] However, due to their space requirements, proximity to high-voltage tap positions, and especially maintaining a corresponding safety zone outside the intrusion zone, fuse links are difficult to position in a circuit board layout. The corresponding electrical fuses in a battery cell contact conduction system, as fuse links, cannot be triggered in a controlled manner due to a collision accident. Although they are locally directly constructed at the high-voltage system, they are usually not repairable. In addition, the fuse links on a circuit board may have all the adverse characteristics of the above solutions.

[0004] DE 10 2015 222 664 A1 discloses a safety device for a vehicle, especially for a motor vehicle, the safety device including an axle support, a load path extension element connected to the axle support, and a component of the vehicle different from the load path extension element, the component being connected to the load path extension element, wherein the load path extension element has a protruding section, the protruding section being designed to absorb the collision force occurring due to a frontal collision in normal use when the vehicle collides frontally with an obstacle and the lateral overlap between the vehicle and the obstacle is within a predetermined range with respect to the vehicle width, and the protruding section protrudes transversely to the vehicle longitudinal direction relative to the axle support towards the outer edge of the vehicle side approaching the obstacle, and the safety device is designed such that a part of the absorbed collision force is guided into the axle support, and another part of the absorbed collision force is guided into the component of the vehicle.

[0005] EP 2 143 962 A1 relates to a connection device arranged in a motor vehicle for detachably connecting a component of the motor vehicle to the vehicle chassis, wherein the connection device includes a bolt connection system. The connection device further includes a pyrotechnic charge device and an igniter, wherein the igniter is configured such that it detonates the pyrotechnic charge device when it receives an ignition signal, the pyrotechnic charge device being arranged near the bolt connection system, thereby destroying the connection function of the bolt connection system during detonation in order to detach the structural element from the vehicle frame. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide an electrical contact conduction device, an electrical energy storage device, and a motor vehicle, by means of which the safe operation of a motor vehicle can be achieved.

[0007] This object is solved by an electrical contact conduction device, an electrical energy storage device, and a motor vehicle according to the respective independent claims. Advantageous design variants are given in the dependent claims.

[0008] One aspect of the present invention relates to an electrical contact conduction device for an electrical energy storage device of a motor vehicle that is at least partially electrically operated, having at least one contact element for contacting and conducting the poles of the electrical energy storage device, and having a fixing element for fixing the contact element to the poles.

[0009] It is provided that the contact element is in contact conduction with the poles via the fixing element under a pre-tensioning force, and the electrical contact conduction device has a pyrotechnic device that is configured to release the fixing element upon receipt of a control signal.

[0010] Thus, in particular, it is proposed that the electrical contact conduction device is directly positioned at the high-voltage interface of the electrical energy storage device. Based on a qualified collision signal, all the energized high-voltage interfaces of the motor vehicle with the energy storage system can be disconnected.

[0011] Here, in particular, a pyrotechnically releasable threaded connection is provided at the high-voltage memory tap. By means of the threaded connection of the high-voltage connection (which is designed, for example, with a pre-tensioned spring element), the disconnection of the connecting piece is achieved immediately when the screw head breaks off. Alternatively, the bolt itself can also be partially detached in segments while maintaining the creepage distance and clearance. Advantageously, the space occupied is significantly smaller compared to the prior solutions. The significantly smaller z-structural height (which is particularly crucial in the case of a pole collision load and a side collision load), and the direct decoupling at the energy storage system without having to consider other remaining energized conductors. In the ideal case, the so-called positive and negative poles (especially also the individual poles in a switched battery) are disconnected simultaneously, and thus external insulation faults are avoided. The system is maintainable or repairable by inserting a new screw.

[0012] According to an advantageous design variant, the contact element is configured in a spring-like manner. In particular, the contact element is in a relaxed state in an improper state and is only tensioned and mounted on the pole by the fixing element. Thereby, a mechanical pre-tensioning force can be generated, which, after removal of the fixing element, places the contact element back in a position in which there should be no electrical contact conduction with the pole. Thus, by simply releasing the fixing element, the spring-like contact element can be placed in a zero position in which no mechanical stress is present.

[0013] Another advantageous design provides that the fixing element is designed in the form of a screw and the pyrotechnic device is designed to release the screw head of the fixing element. In particular, the screw head is thus released by means of the pyrotechnic device and the fixing element releases the preload again, so that the contact element can be placed in a zero position in which no contact of the pole can be achieved. Thus, in particular in the installed state and in the specified state, the contact element is located at the pole under preload in the use position and is in electrical contact with the pole, and when the fixing element is removed or released, the contact element is placed in the zero position in which no preload should be present and the electrical contact is interrupted.

[0014] Furthermore, it has proven advantageous that the control signal is generated when an accident of the motor vehicle is detected. In addition, corresponding pre-crash sensors can also be installed, which also generate control signals before the accident of the motor vehicle and thus cause the voltage of the electrical energy storage device to be disconnected before the accident.

[0015] It is also advantageous if the electrical contact-conducting device additionally has an electrical fuse element between the pole and the contact element. The electrical fuse element can preferably be designed as a fuse. This can prevent, in particular, a corresponding arc between the contact element and the pole in the event of a loosening of the electrical contact-conducting structure. In the event of the contact element opening or the contact element being loosened from the pole, the voltage is then again conducted via the electrical fuse element, which causes the fuse to melt, whereby the arc only propagates inside the fuse and thus prevents an arc that could occur outside the fuse element.

[0016] A further aspect of the invention relates to an electrical energy storage device for an at least partially electrically operated motor vehicle having at least one electrical contact-making device according to the preceding aspect.

[0017] In this context, an advantageous embodiment provides that the electrical energy storage device has corresponding electrical contact-making devices at the poles.

[0018] Furthermore, it can also be advantageously provided that the control signal is generated such that the electrical contact-making devices are triggered simultaneously, thereby making it possible to avoid external insulation faults.

[0019] Yet another aspect of the invention relates to a motor vehicle having an electrical energy storage device according to the preceding aspect. The motor vehicle can be designed as an at least partially electrically operated motor vehicle, in particular as a fully electrically operated motor vehicle.

[0020] Advantageous embodiments of the electrical contact-making device are to be regarded as advantageous embodiments of the electrical energy storage device and of the motor vehicle.

[0021] Other features of the invention result from the claims, the drawings, and the description of the drawings. The features and combinations of features mentioned above in the description and the features and combinations of features mentioned and / or shown individually in the description of the drawings and / or in the drawings can be used not only in the correspondingly given combinations, but also in other combinations or individually. Description of the Drawings

[0022] The invention will now be explained in more detail on the basis of preferred embodiments and with reference to the drawings. In the drawings:

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic side view of an embodiment of a motor vehicle having an electrical energy storage device is shown; and

[0024] Figure 2 A schematic perspective view of an embodiment of an electrical energy storage device having an electrical contact conducting device is shown. Detailed Description of the Embodiments

[0025] In the drawings, identical or functionally identical elements are provided with the same reference signs.

[0026] Figure 1 An embodiment of a motor vehicle 10 is shown in a schematic side view. The motor vehicle 10 is in particular configured as a motor vehicle that is at least partially electrically operated or fully electrically operated. For this purpose, the motor vehicle 10 has an electrical energy storage device 12, which is in particular configured in the form of a traction battery. The electrical energy storage device 12 is in particular also configured as a high-voltage memory. The electrical energy storage device 12 in turn has an electrical contact conducting device 14, by means of which other functional components (such as the drive train) inside the motor vehicle 10 can be brought into electrical contact with the electrical energy storage device, for example.

[0027] Figure 2 A perspective view of an embodiment of the electrical energy storage device 12 is shown. In particular, the electrical contact conducting device 14 is shown enlarged. The electrical contact conducting device 14 has at least one contact element 16 for making electrical contact with the pole 18 of the electrical energy storage device 12. In addition, the fixing element 20 is shown in dashed lines because the fixing element is not installed in the current form. However, in order to bring the contact element 16 into electrical contact with the pole 18, the fixing element is screwed to the pole 18 via the contact element 16, and in particular, the pre-tensioned contact element 16 is held at the pole 18 in the use position by the fixing element 20, in particular by the screw head 22. Thereby, Figure 2 The contact element 16 is shown in the non-use position / zero position. In this position, there should in particular be no electrical contact between the pole 18 and the contact element 16.

[0028] According to the provisions of the present invention, the contact element 18 is in contact conduction with the pole 18 under a pre-tightening force via a fixing element 20, and the electrical contact conduction device has a pyrotechnic device 24, which is configured to release the fixing element 20 when receiving a control signal, for example, to disengage the screw head 22 from the fixing element 20, so that the contact element 16 can be placed from the contact conduction position (in other words, from the use position) into the zero position, as it is now shown in Figure 2 as shown. In the following embodiment, the pyrotechnic device 24 is constructed on the fixing element 20 itself. This is purely exemplary. Other localizations (Verortungen) can also be provided, for example, near the pole or at the contact element 16.

[0029] As Figure 2 shown, the contact element 16 is especially constructed in a spring-like manner. In the following embodiment, the contact element 16 is especially constructed in the form of a leaf spring. Other design manners are also feasible.

[0030] Furthermore, it can be stipulated that the electrical contact conduction device 14 additionally has an electrical fuse element 26 especially in the form of a fuse, so as to prevent an electric arc from being generated between the pole 18 and the contact element 16 in the case where the screw head 22 is disengaged, because the voltage or current is led out via the fuse element 26, and the fuse then melts correspondingly and no electric arc will be generated, especially outside the fuse element 26.

[0031] Therefore, generally speaking, a pyrotechnically releasable threaded connection is provided at the high-voltage memory tap. Through the threaded connection of the high-voltage connection part (the high-voltage connection part is designed as a spring element with pre-tightening, for example), the disconnection of the connecting piece is achieved immediately in the case where the screw head 22 is disengaged. Alternatively, the bolt itself can also be partially disengaged in sections while maintaining the creepage distance and clearance. Advantageously compared with the prior solutions, the occupied space is significantly smaller. The z structural height is significantly smaller and there is a direct decoupling at the accumulator system without other residual conductors. Ideally, all poles and also the corresponding poles of the switching battery are disconnected simultaneously, and thus external insulation faults can be avoided. By inserting a new screw, the system is maintainable or repairable.

[0032] List of reference numerals

[0033] 10 Motor vehicle

[0034] 12 Electrical energy storage

[0035] 14 Electrical contact conduction device

[0036] 16 Contact element

[0037] 18 Pole

[0038] 20 Fixed element

[0039] 22 Screw head

[0040] 24 Pyrotechnic device

[0041] 26 Safety element

Claims

1. An electrical contact conduction device (14) for an electrical energy storage device (12) of a motor vehicle (10) that is at least partially electrically operated, the electrical contact conduction device having at least one contact element (16) for contacting and conducting the poles (18) of the electrical energy storage device (12) and having a fixing element (20) for fixing the contact element (16) to the poles (18). Characterized in that the contact element (16) is in contact conduction with the poles (18) under a pre-tightening force via the fixing element (20), and the electrical contact conduction device (14) has a pyrotechnic device (24) configured to release the fixing element (20) upon receipt of a control signal.

2. The electrical contact conduction device (14) according to claim 1, Characterized in that the contact element (16) is configured in a spring shape.

3. The electrical contact conduction device (14) according to claim 1 or 2, Characterized in that the fixing element (20) is configured in a screw shape, and the pyrotechnic device (24) is configured to release the screw head (22) of the fixing element (20).

4. The electrical contact conduction device (14) according to any one of the preceding claims, Characterized in that the control signal is generated upon recognition of an accident of the motor vehicle (10).

5. The electrical contact conduction device (14) according to any one of the preceding claims, Characterized in that the electrical contact conduction device (14) additionally has an electrical fuse element (26) between the poles (18) and the contact element (16).

6. The electrical contact conduction device (14) according to claim 5, Characterized in that the electrical fuse element (26) is configured as a fuse.

7. An electrical energy storage device (12) for a motor vehicle (10) that is at least partially electrically operated, the electrical energy storage device having at least one electrical contact conduction device (14) according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. The electrical energy storage device (12) according to claim 7, Characterized in that the electrical energy storage device (12) has a corresponding electrical contact conduction device (14) at each pole (18).

9. The electrical energy storage device (12) according to claim 8, Characterized in that a control signal is generated such that the electrical contact conduction devices (14) are triggered simultaneously.

10. A motor vehicle (10) having an electrical energy storage device (12) according to any one of claims 7 to 9.

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