Sidelink positioning reference signal (SL-PRS) scheduling in shared resource pool

Abstract

Techniques for wireless communication are disclosed. In an aspect, a user equipment (UE) transmits a plurality of DMRSs in a slot of a sidelink resource pool according to a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) pattern for the slot, where the DMRS pattern is based on a duration of symbols for the slot scheduled for transmission of a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) and an associated physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH); and transmitting sidelink positioning reference signal (SL-PRS) resources in the time slot, where the set of SL-PRS resources includes at least one SL-PRS resource, where the at least one SL-PRS resource includes one symbol or two or more consecutive symbols of the time slot, and wherein the one symbol or the two or more consecutive symbols of the time slot do not collide with any symbol of the DMRS pattern.

Description

[0001] Cross - Reference to Related Applications

[0002] This patent application claims priority to Greek Patent Application No. 20220100933, filed on November 11, 2022, entitled "SIDELINK POSITIONING REFERENCE SIGNAL (SL - PRS) SCHEDULING IN A SHARED RESOURCE POOL", which has been assigned to the assignee of this application and is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. Background of the Invention 1. Field of the Technology

[0003] Aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication.

[0004] 2. Description of Related Technologies

[0005] Wireless communication systems have evolved through many generations, including first - generation analog wireless telephone services (1G), second - generation (2G) digital wireless telephone services (including transitional 2.5G and 2.75G networks), third - generation (3G) high - speed data, Internet - capable wireless services, and fourth - generation (4G) services (e.g., Long - Term Evolution (LTE) or WiMax). Currently, many different types of wireless communication systems are in use, including cellular systems and Personal Communication Services (PCS) systems. Examples of known cellular systems include the cellular analog Advanced Mobile Phone System (AMPS), and digital cellular systems based on Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), etc.

[0006] The fifth - generation (5G) wireless standard, known as New Radio (NR), enables higher data transfer speeds, a greater number of connections, better coverage, and other improvements. According to the Next Generation Mobile Networks Alliance, the 5G standard is designed to provide higher data rates, more accurate positioning (e.g., based on reference signals for positioning (RS - P), such as downlink, uplink, or sidelink positioning reference signals (PRS)), and other technical enhancements compared to previous standards.

[0007] In addition, leveraging the increased data rate and reduced latency of 5G, Vehicle - to - Everything (V2X) communication technologies are being implemented to support autonomous driving applications, such as wireless communication between vehicles, between vehicles and roadside infrastructure, between vehicles and pedestrians, etc. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The following presents a simplified summary of one or more aspects related to the present disclosure. Accordingly, the following summary should not be considered an exhaustive overview of all contemplated aspects, nor should it be considered to identify key or critical elements of all contemplated aspects or to delineate the scope associated with any particular aspect. Thus, the sole purpose of the following summary is to present in a concise form certain concepts related to one or more aspects of the mechanisms described herein prior to the detailed description that follows.

[0009] In one aspect, a method of wireless communication performed by a user equipment (UE) includes: receiving a configuration of at least one sidelink positioning reference signal (SL-PRS) resource for a sidelink resource pool; transmitting a plurality of demodulation reference signals (DMRS) in a time slot according to a DMRS pattern for the time slot of the sidelink resource pool, wherein the DMRS pattern is based on a duration of symbols scheduled for transmission of a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) and an associated physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) in the time slot; and transmitting the at least one SL-PRS resource in the time slot, wherein the at least one SL-PRS resource includes one symbol or two or more consecutive symbols of the time slot, and wherein the one symbol or the two or more consecutive symbols of the time slot do not conflict with any symbol of the DMRS pattern.

[0010] In one aspect, a user equipment (UE) includes: one or more memories; one or more transceivers; and one or more processors communicatively coupled to the one or more memories and the one or more transceivers, the one or more processors configured, individually or in combination, to: receive, via the one or more transceivers, a configuration of at least one sidelink positioning reference signal (SL-PRS) resource for a sidelink resource pool; transmit, via the one or more transceivers, a plurality of demodulation reference signals (DMRS) in a time slot according to a DMRS pattern for the time slot of the sidelink resource pool, wherein the DMRS pattern is based on a duration of symbols scheduled for transmission of a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) and an associated physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) in the time slot; and transmit, via the one or more transceivers, the at least one SL-PRS resource in the time slot, wherein the at least one SL-PRS resource includes one symbol or two or more consecutive symbols of the time slot, and wherein the one symbol or the two or more consecutive symbols of the time slot do not conflict with any symbol of the DMRS pattern.

[0011] In one aspect, a user equipment (UE) includes: components for receiving a configuration of at least one sidelink positioning reference signal (SL-PRS) resource for a sidelink resource pool; components for transmitting a plurality of demodulation reference signals (DMRS) in a time slot according to a DMRS pattern for the time slot of the sidelink resource pool, wherein the DMRS pattern is based on the duration of symbols scheduled for transmission of a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) and an associated physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) in the time slot; and components for transmitting the at least one SL-PRS resource in the time slot, wherein the at least one SL-PRS resource includes one symbol or two or more consecutive symbols of the time slot, and wherein the one symbol or the two or more consecutive symbols of the time slot do not conflict with any symbols of the DMRS pattern.

[0012] In one aspect, a non-transitory computer-readable medium stores computer-executable instructions that, when executed by a user equipment (UE), cause the UE to: receive a configuration of at least one sidelink positioning reference signal (SL-PRS) resource for a sidelink resource pool; transmit a plurality of DMRS in the time slot according to a DMRS pattern for the time slot of the sidelink resource pool, wherein the DMRS pattern is based on the duration of symbols scheduled for transmission of a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) and an associated physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) in the time slot; and transmit the at least one SL-PRS resource in the time slot, wherein the at least one SL-PRS resource includes one symbol or two or more consecutive symbols of the time slot, and wherein the one symbol or the two or more consecutive symbols of the time slot do not conflict with any symbols of the DMRS pattern.

[0013] Based on the drawings and the detailed description, other objects and advantages associated with the aspects disclosed herein will be apparent to those skilled in the art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] The drawings are presented to assist in describing various aspects of the present disclosure, and the drawings are provided for illustration only and not to limit the aspects.

[0015] Figure 1 An example wireless communication system in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0016] Figure 2A and Figure 2B An example wireless network structure in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0017] Figure 3A 、 Figure 3B and Figure 3CIt is a simplified block diagram of several exemplary aspects of components that can be employed in a user equipment (UE), a base station, and a network entity, respectively, and are configured to support communication as taught herein.

[0018] Figure 4 Illustrates two resource allocation modes for transmission on a sidelink according to aspects of the present disclosure.

[0019] Figure 5 Is a diagram showing how to establish a shared channel (SCH) on a sidelink between two or more UEs according to aspects of the present disclosure.

[0020] Figure 6A and Figure 6B Are diagrams of exemplary sidelink slot structures with and without feedback resources according to aspects of the present disclosure.

[0021] Figure 7 Illustrates exemplary demodulation reference signal (DMRS) patterns for nine- and twelve-symbol physical sidelink shared channels (PSSCHs) according to aspects of the present disclosure.

[0022] Figure 8 Is a diagram illustrating an exemplary resource pool for positioning within a sidelink resource pool according to aspects of the present disclosure.

[0023] Figures 9 to 12 Is a diagram illustrating an exemplary sidelink resource pool in which sidelink positioning reference signal (SL-PRS) resources in an SL-PRS resource set are multiplexed with communication resources according to aspects of the present disclosure.

[0024] Figure 13 Illustrates examples of different SL-PRS resource patterns based on different DMRS patterns according to aspects of the present disclosure.

[0025] Figure 14 Illustrates three different DMRS patterns for a three-symbol physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) duration and a thirteen-symbol PSSCH duration according to aspects of the present disclosure.

[0026] Figure 15 Illustrates an exemplary method of wireless communication according to aspects of the present disclosure. Detailed Description

[0027] Aspects of the present disclosure are provided in the following description of various examples provided for illustrative purposes and the associated drawings. Alternative aspects can be designed without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Additionally, well-known elements of the present disclosure will not be described in detail or will be omitted so as not to obscure the relevant details of the present disclosure.

[0028] The terms "exemplary" and / or "example" are used herein to mean "serving as an example, instance, or illustration". Any aspect described herein as "exemplary" and / or "example" need not be construed as superior or better than other aspects. Similarly, the term "aspects of the present disclosure" does not require that all aspects of the present disclosure include the discussed features, advantages, or modes of operation.

[0029] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that any one of a variety of different technologies and methods may be used to represent the information and signals described below. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referred to throughout the following description may be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or optical particles, or any combination thereof, depending in part on a particular application, in part on a desired design, in part on the corresponding technology, and so on.

[0030] In addition, many aspects are described in terms of a sequence of actions to be performed by, for example, elements of a computing device. It will be recognized that the various actions described herein may be performed by specific circuitry (e.g., an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC)), by program instructions executed by one or more processors, or by a combination of both. Additionally, the sequence of actions described herein may be regarded as fully embodied in any form of non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having stored therein a corresponding set of computer instructions that, when executed, cause or direct a relevant associated processor of the device to perform the functionality described herein. Accordingly, the various aspects of the present disclosure may be embodied in many different forms, all of which are contemplated to be within the scope of the claimed subject matter. Additionally, for each of the aspects described herein, a corresponding form of any such aspect may be described herein as, for example, "logic configured to perform the described action".

[0031] As used herein, the terms “user equipment” (UE), “vehicle UE” (V-UE), “pedestrian UE” (P-UE), and “base station” are not intended to be dedicated to or otherwise limited to any particular radio access technology (RAT) unless otherwise specified. Generally, a UE can be any wireless communication device that a user uses to communicate via a wireless communication network (e.g., a vehicle on-board computer, a vehicle navigation device, a mobile phone, a router, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, an asset tracking device, a wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch, glasses, an augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR) headset, etc.), a vehicle (e.g., a car, a motorcycle, a bicycle, etc.), an Internet of Things (IoT) device, etc.). A UE can be mobile or can be stationary (e.g., at certain times) and can communicate with a radio access network (RAN). As used herein, the term “UE” can be interchangeably referred to as “mobile device”, “access terminal” or “AT”, “client device”, “wireless device”, “subscriber device”, “subscriber terminal”, “subscriber station”, “user terminal” or “UT”, “mobile terminal”, “mobile station” or variations thereof.

[0032] A V-UE is a type of UE and can be any on-vehicle wireless communication device, such as a navigation system, an alarm system, a head-up display (HUD), an on-board computer, an in-vehicle infotainment system, an autonomous driving system (ADS), an advanced driver assistance system (ADAS), etc. Alternatively, a V-UE can be a portable wireless communication device (e.g., a cellular phone, a tablet computer, etc.) carried by a driver of a vehicle or an occupant in the vehicle. The term “V-UE” can refer to the on-vehicle wireless communication device or the vehicle itself, depending on the context. A P-UE is a type of UE and can be a portable wireless communication device carried by a pedestrian (i.e., a user who is not driving or riding in a vehicle). Generally, a UE can communicate with a core network via a RAN, and through the core network, a UE can connect to an external network such as the Internet and to other UEs. Of course, other mechanisms for a UE to connect to the core network and / or the Internet are possible, such as via a wired access network, a wireless local area network (WLAN) network (e.g., based on Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11, etc.).

[0033] A base station can operate according to one of several RATs according to the network in which the base station is deployed to communicate with a UE, and alternatively can be referred to as an access point (AP), network node, Node B, evolved Node B (eNB), next-generation eNB (ng-eNB), New Radio (NR) Node B (also referred to as gNB or gNodeB), etc. The base station can be mainly used to support the wireless access of the UE, including supporting the data, voice, and / or signaling connections of the supported UE. In some systems, the base station can only provide edge node signaling functions, while in other systems, the base station can provide additional control and / or network management functions. The communication link by which the UE can transmit signals to the base station is referred to as the uplink (UL) channel (e.g., reverse traffic channel, reverse control channel, access channel, etc.). The communication link by which the base station can transmit signals to the UE is referred to as the downlink (DL) or forward link channel (e.g., paging channel, control channel, broadcast channel, forward traffic channel, etc.). As used herein, the term traffic channel (TCH) can refer to the UL / reverse or DL / forward traffic channel.

[0034] The term "base station" can refer to a single physical transmit-receive point (TRP) or multiple physical TRPs that may or may not be co-located. For example, in the case where the term "base station" refers to a single physical TRP, the physical TRP can be the antenna of the base station corresponding to the cell (or several cell sectors) of the base station. In the case where the term "base station" refers to multiple co-located physical TRPs, the physical TRPs can be an antenna array of the base station (e.g., as in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system or in the case where the base station employs beamforming). In the case where the term "base station" refers to multiple non-co-located physical TRPs, the physical TRPs can be a distributed antenna system (DAS) (a network of spatially separated antennas connected to a common source via a transmission medium) or a remote radio head (RRH) (a remote base station connected to the serving base station). Alternatively, the non-co-located physical TRPs can be the serving base station that receives the measurement report from the UE and an adjacent base station whose reference radio frequency (RF) signal the UE is measuring. Since, as used herein, the TRP is the point by which the base station transmits and receives wireless signals, a reference to transmission from or reception at the base station should be understood to refer to a specific TRP of the base station.

[0035] In some specific implementations that support UE positioning, the base station may not support the wireless access of the UE (e.g., may not support the data, voice, and / or signaling connections of the UE), but instead, can send a reference RF signal to the UE for measurement by the UE, and / or can receive and measure the signals sent by the UE. Such a base station can be referred to as a positioning beacon (e.g., in the case of sending an RF signal to the UE) and / or as a positioning measurement unit (e.g., in the case of receiving and measuring the RF signal from the UE).

[0036] An "RF signal" includes an electromagnetic wave of a given frequency that transmits information through the space between a transmitter and a receiver. As used herein, a transmitter may send a single "RF signal" or multiple "RF signals" to a receiver. However, due to the propagation characteristics of RF signals through a multipath channel, a receiver may receive multiple "RF signals" corresponding to each transmitted RF signal. The same transmitted RF signal on different paths between the transmitter and the receiver may be referred to as a "multipath" RF signal. As used herein, when the context clearly indicates that the term "signal" refers to a wireless signal or an RF signal, the RF signal may also be referred to as a "wireless signal" or simply a "signal".

[0037] Figure 1 An example wireless communication system 100 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. The wireless communication system 100 (which may also be referred to as a wireless wide area network (WWAN)) may include various base stations 102 (labeled "BS") and various UEs 104. The base stations 102 may include macro cell base stations (high-power cellular base stations) and / or small cell base stations (low-power cellular base stations). In one aspect, the macro cell base stations 102 may include eNBs and / or ng-eNBs (where the wireless communication system 100 corresponds to an LTE network) or gNBs (where the wireless communication system 100 corresponds to an NR network) or a combination of both, and the small cell base stations may include femto cells, pico cells, micro cells, etc.

[0038] The base stations 102 may collectively form a RAN and interface with a core network 170 (e.g., an evolved packet core (EPC) or a 5G core (5GC)) via a backhaul link 122 and interface with one or more location servers 172 (e.g., a location management function (LMF) or a secure user plane location (SUPL) positioning platform (SLP)) via the core network 170. The location server 172 may be part of the core network 170 or may be external to the core network 170. The location server 172 may be integrated with the base stations 102. The UE 104 may communicate with the location server 172 directly or indirectly. For example, the UE 104 may communicate with the location server 172 via the base station 102 currently serving the UE 104. The UE 104 may also communicate with the location server 172 via another path, such as via an application server (not shown), via another network, such as via a wireless local area network (WLAN) access point (AP) (e.g., the AP 150 described below), etc. For signaling purposes, the communication between the UE 104 and the location server 172 may be represented as an indirect connection (e.g., via the core network 170, etc.) or a direct connection (e.g., as shown via a direct connection 128), where intermediate nodes (if any) are omitted from the signaling diagram for clarity.

[0039] Among other functions, base station 102 may perform functions related to one or more of the following: transmitting user data, radio channel encryption and decryption, integrity protection, header compression, mobility control functions (e.g., handover, dual connectivity), inter-cell interference coordination, connection establishment and release, load balancing, distribution of non-access stratum (NAS) messages, NAS node selection, synchronization, RAN sharing, multimedia broadcast multicast service (MBMS), subscriber and device tracking, RAN information management (RIM), paging, positioning, and delivery of warning messages. Base stations 102 may communicate with each other directly or indirectly (e.g., via the EPC / 5GC) on the backhaul link 134, which may be wired or wireless.

[0040] Base station 102 may communicate wirelessly with UE 104. Each base station in base station 102 may provide communication coverage for a corresponding geographical coverage area 110. In one aspect, one or more cells may be supported by base stations 102 in each geographical coverage area 110. A "cell" is a logical communication entity for communicating with a base station (e.g., via a certain frequency resource, which is referred to as a carrier frequency, component carrier, carrier, frequency band, etc.), and may be associated with an identifier for distinguishing cells operating via the same or different carrier frequencies (e.g., physical cell identifier (PCI), enhanced cell identifier (ECI), virtual cell identifier (VCI), cell global identifier (CGI), etc.). In some cases, different cells may be configured according to different protocol types that may provide access for different types of UEs (e.g., machine type communication (MTC), narrowband IoT (NB-IoT), enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), or other protocol types). Since a cell is supported by a specific base station, depending on the context, the term "cell" may refer to either the logical communication entity or the base station that supports it, or both. In some cases, the term "cell" may also refer to the geographical coverage area (e.g., sector) of a base station, as long as a carrier frequency can be detected within a certain part of the geographical coverage area 110 and used for communication.

[0041] Although the geographical coverage areas 110 of adjacent macro cell base stations 102 may partially overlap (e.g., in a handover area), some areas in the geographical coverage area 110 may substantially overlap with a larger geographical coverage area 110. For example, a small cell base station 102' (labeled "SC" for "small cell") may have a geographical coverage area 110' that substantially overlaps with the geographical coverage area 110 of one or more macro cell base stations 102. A network including both small cell base stations and macro cell base stations may be referred to as a heterogeneous network. The heterogeneous network may also include a home eNB (HeNB), which may provide services to a restricted group called a closed subscriber group (CSG).

[0042] The communication link 120 between the base station 102 and the UE 104 may include an uplink (also referred to as a reverse link) transmission from the UE 104 to the base station 102 and / or a downlink (DL) (also referred to as a forward link) transmission from the base station 102 to the UE 104. The communication link 120 may use MIMO antenna technology, including spatial multiplexing, beamforming, and / or transmit diversity. The communication link 120 may be via one or more carrier frequencies. The allocation of carriers may be asymmetric for the downlink and uplink (e.g., more or fewer carriers may be allocated to the downlink compared to the uplink).

[0043] The wireless communication system 100 may also include a WLAN access point (AP) 150 that communicates with a wireless local area network (WLAN) station (STA) 152 via a communication link 154 in an unlicensed spectrum (e.g., 5 GHz). When communicating in the unlicensed spectrum, the WLAN STA 152 and / or the WLAN AP 150 may perform a clear channel assessment (CCA) or listen-before-talk (LBT) procedure before communication to determine whether the channel is available.

[0044] The small cell base station 102' may operate in licensed and / or unlicensed spectrum. When operating in the unlicensed spectrum, the small cell base station 102' may employ LTE or NR technology and use the same 5 GHz unlicensed spectrum as used by the WLAN AP 150. The small cell base station 102' that employs LTE / 5G in the unlicensed spectrum may enhance the coverage of the access network and / or increase the capacity of the access network. NR in the unlicensed spectrum may be referred to as NR-U. LTE in the unlicensed spectrum may be referred to as LTE-U, licensed-assisted access (LAA), or MulteFire.

[0045] The wireless communication system 100 may also include a mmW base station 180 that may operate at millimeter wave (mmW) frequencies and / or near mmW frequencies to communicate with a UE 182. The extremely high frequency (EHF) is a part of the RF in the electromagnetic spectrum. The EHF has a range of 30 GHz to 300 GHz, with wavelengths between 1 millimeter and 10 millimeters. The radio waves in this band may be referred to as millimeter waves. Near mmW may extend down to a frequency of 3 GHz, with a wavelength of 100 millimeters. The super high frequency (SHF) band extends between 3 GHz and 30 GHz, which is also referred to as centimeter waves. Communication using the mmW / near mmW radio frequency bands has high path loss and a relatively short range. The mmW base station 180 and the UE 182 may utilize beamforming (transmission and / or reception) on the mmW communication link 184 to compensate for the extremely high path loss and short range. Additionally, it should be understood that in an alternative configuration, one or more of the base stations 102 may also use mmW or near mmW and beamforming for transmission. Thus, it should be understood that the foregoing illustration is merely an example and should not be construed as limiting the various aspects disclosed herein.

[0046] Transmit beamforming is a technique for focusing an RF signal in a specific direction. Conventionally, when a network node (e.g., a base station) broadcasts an RF signal, it broadcasts the signal in all directions (omnidirectionally). With transmit beamforming, the network node determines where a given target device (e.g., a UE) is located (relative to the transmitting network node) and projects a stronger downlink RF signal in that specific direction, thereby providing a faster (in terms of data rate) and stronger RF signal to the receiving device. To change the directivity of the RF signal during transmission, the network node may control the phase and relative amplitude of the RF signal at each of one or more transmitters that broadcast the RF signal. For example, the network node may use an array of antennas (referred to as a "phased array" or "antenna array") that creates an RF beam that can be "manipulated" to point in different directions without actually moving the antennas. Specifically, the RF currents from the transmitters are fed to the individual antennas with the correct phase relationships such that the radio waves from the individual antennas add together in the desired direction to increase radiation while canceling in the undesired directions to suppress radiation.

[0047] Transmission beams can be quasi - co - located, which means that they appear to have the same parameters to a receiver (e.g., a UE), regardless of whether the transmission antennas of the network node are physically co - located. In NR, there are four types of quasi - co - location (QCL) relationships. Specifically, a given type of QCL relationship means that certain parameters of a second reference RF signal on a second beam can be derived based on information about a source reference RF signal on a source beam. Thus, if the source reference RF signal is of QCL type A, the receiver can use the source reference RF signal to estimate the Doppler shift, Doppler spread, average delay, and delay spread of the second reference RF signal transmitted on the same channel. If the source reference RF signal is of QCL type B, the receiver can use the source reference RF signal to estimate the Doppler shift and Doppler spread of the second reference RF signal transmitted on the same channel. If the source reference RF signal is of QCL type C, the receiver can use the source reference RF signal to estimate the Doppler shift and average delay of the second reference RF signal transmitted on the same channel. If the source reference RF signal is of QCL type D, the receiver can use the source reference RF signal to estimate the spatial reception parameters of the second reference RF signal transmitted on the same channel.

[0048] In receive beamforming, the receiver uses receive beams to amplify the RF signals detected on a given channel. For example, the receiver can increase the gain setting of the antenna array in a specific direction and / or adjust the phase setting of the antenna array in a specific direction to amplify the RF signal received from that direction (e.g., increase its gain level). Thus, when the receiver is said to perform beamforming in a certain direction, this means that the beam gain in that direction is high relative to the beam gains in other directions, or the beam gain in that direction is the highest compared to the beam gains in that direction of all other receive beams available to the receiver. This results in a stronger received signal strength for the RF signal received from that direction (e.g., reference signal received power (RSRP), reference signal received quality (RSRQ), signal - to - interference - plus - noise ratio (SINR), etc.).

[0049] Transmission beams and receive beams can be spatially related. The spatial relationship means that parameters of a second beam (e.g., a transmission beam or a receive beam) for a second reference signal can be derived based on information about a first beam (e.g., a receive beam or a transmission beam) of a first reference signal. For example, a UE can use a specific receive beam to receive a reference downlink reference signal (e.g., a synchronization signal block (SSB)) from a base station. Then, the UE can form a transmission beam for transmitting an uplink reference signal (e.g., a sounding reference signal (SRS)) to that base station based on the parameters of the receive beam.

[0050] Note that depending on the entity forming the "downlink" beam, the beam can be a transmit beam or a receive beam. For example, if the base station is forming a downlink beam to transmit a reference signal to the UE, the downlink beam is a transmit beam. However, if the UE is forming a downlink beam, the downlink beam is a receive beam for receiving the downlink reference signal. Similarly, depending on the entity forming the "uplink" beam, the beam can be a transmit beam or a receive beam. For example, if the base station is forming an uplink beam, the uplink beam is an uplink receive beam, while if the UE is forming an uplink beam, the uplink beam is an uplink transmit beam.

[0051] The electromagnetic spectrum is typically subdivided into various categories, bands, channels, etc. based on frequency / wavelength. In 5G NR, two initial operating bands have been identified as frequency range designations FR1 (410 MHz – 7.125 GHz) and FR2 (24.25 GHz – 52.6 GHz). It should be understood that although a portion of FR1 is greater than 6 GHz, in various documents and articles, FR1 is often (interchangeably) referred to as the "sub-6 GHz" band. Regarding FR2, a similar naming issue sometimes occurs, which is often (interchangeably) referred to as the "millimeter wave" band in documents and articles, although it is different from the extremely high frequency (EHF) band (30 GHz – 300 GHz) identified by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) as the "millimeter wave" band.

[0052] The frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are typically referred to as mid-band frequencies. Recent 5G NR research has identified operating bands for these mid-band frequencies as frequency range designations FR3 (7.125 GHz – 24.25 GHz). The bands falling within FR3 can inherit FR1 characteristics and / or FR2 characteristics, and thus can effectively extend the features of FR1 and / or FR2 to the mid-band frequencies. In addition, higher frequency bands are currently being explored to extend 5G NR operation beyond 52.6 GHz. For example, three higher operating bands have been identified as frequency range designations FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz – 71 GHz), FR4 (52.6 GHz – 114.25 GHz), and FR5 (114.25 GHz – 300 GHz). Each of these higher bands falls within the EHF band.

[0053] Taking into account the above aspects, unless otherwise specifically stated, it should be understood that if terms such as "below 6 GHz" are used herein, they can generally represent frequencies that can be less than 6 GHz, frequencies within FR1, or frequencies that can include intermediate band frequencies. Additionally, unless otherwise specifically stated, it should be understood that if terms such as "millimeter wave" are used herein, they can generally represent frequencies that can include intermediate band frequencies, frequencies within FR2, FR4, FR4-a, or FR4-1 and / or FR5, or frequencies within the EHF band.

[0054] In a multi-carrier system (such as 5G), one of the carrier frequencies is referred to as the "primary carrier" or "anchor carrier" or "primary serving cell" or "PCell", and the remaining carrier frequencies are referred to as "secondary carriers" or "secondary serving cells" or "SCells". In carrier aggregation, the anchor carrier is a carrier operating on the primary frequency (e.g., FR1) used by the UE 104 / 182 and the cell, where the UE 104 / 182 performs the initial radio resource control (RRC) connection establishment procedure or initiates the RRC connection re-establishment procedure in that cell. The primary carrier carries all common and UE-specific control channels and can be a carrier in a licensed frequency (however, this is not always the case). The secondary carrier is a carrier operating on a second frequency (e.g., FR2), which can be configured and used to provide additional radio resources once an RRC connection is established between the UE 104 and the anchor carrier. In some cases, the secondary carrier can be a carrier in an unlicensed frequency. The secondary carrier may only contain necessary signaling information and signals. For example, since the primary uplink carrier and the primary downlink carrier are usually UE-specific, those UE-specific signaling information and signals may not exist in the secondary carrier. This means that different UEs 104 / 182 in a cell can have different downlink primary carriers. The same holds true for the primary uplink carrier. The network can change the primary carrier of any UE 104 / 182 at any time. This is done, for example, to balance the load on different carriers. Since a "serving cell" (whether PCell or SCell) corresponds to the carrier frequency / component carrier through which a certain base station communicates, terms such as "cell", "serving cell", "component carrier", "carrier frequency", etc. may be used interchangeably.

[0055] For example, still referring to Figure 1, one of the frequencies utilized by macro cell base station 102 may be an anchor carrier (or "PCell"), and other frequencies used by macro cell base station 102 and / or mmW base station 180 may be secondary carriers ("SCell"). Simultaneous transmission and / or reception of multiple carriers enables UE 104 / 182 to significantly increase its data transmission and / or reception rate. For example, compared to the data rate obtained with a single 20 MHz carrier, two 20 MHz aggregated carriers in a multi-carrier system would theoretically result in a doubling of the data rate (i.e., 40 MHz).

[0056] In Figure 1 the example of, any UE among the illustrated UEs (shown as a single UE 104 for simplicity in Figure 1 ) can receive signal 124 from one or more space vehicles (SVs) 112 in Earth orbit (e.g., satellites). In one aspect, SV 112 may be part of a satellite positioning system that can be used by UE 104 as an independent source of location information. A satellite positioning system generally includes a system of transmitters (e.g., SV 112) that are positioned such that a receiver (e.g., UE 104) can determine its position on or above the Earth at least in part based on positioning signals received from the transmitters (e.g., signal 124). Such transmitters typically send signals marked with a repeating pseudo-random noise (PN) code with a set number of chips. Although typically located in SV 112, the transmitter can sometimes be located on a ground-based control station, base station 102, and / or other UE 104. UE 104 may include one or more dedicated receivers that are specifically designed to receive signal 124 in order to derive geographic location information from SV 112.

[0057] In a satellite positioning system, the use of signal 124 can be enhanced by various satellite-based augmentation systems (SBAS) that may be associated with or otherwise enable the use of one or more global and / or regional navigation satellite systems. For example, SBAS may include augmentation systems that provide integrity information, differential corrections, etc., such as the Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS), the European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service (EGNOS), the Multi-functional Satellite Augmentation System (MSAS), GPS- Aided Geo-Augmented Navigation or GPS and Geo-Augmented Navigation System (GAGAN), etc. Thus, as used herein, a satellite positioning system may include any combination of one or more global and / or regional navigation satellites associated with such one or more satellite positioning systems.

[0058] In one aspect, SV 112 can additionally or alternatively be part of one or more non-terrestrial networks (NTNs). In an NTN, SV 112 is connected to an earth station (also referred to as a ground station, NTN gateway, or gateway), which in turn is connected to elements in a 5G network, such as a modified base station 102 (without a ground antenna) or a network node in a 5GC. This element then provides access to other elements in the 5G network and ultimately provides access to entities external to the 5G network, such as Internet web servers and other user equipment. Thus, instead of or in addition to communication signals from ground base station 102, UE 104 can receive communication signals (e.g., signal 124) from SV 112.

[0059] Leveraging in particular the increased data rate and reduced latency of NR, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication technologies are being implemented to support intelligent transportation system (ITS) applications, such as wireless communication between vehicles (vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V)), between a vehicle and roadside infrastructure (vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I)), and between a vehicle and a pedestrian (vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P)). The goal is to enable vehicles to sense their surrounding environment and communicate this information to other vehicles, infrastructure, and personal mobile devices. Such vehicle communication will enable safety, mobility, and environmental improvements not achievable with current technologies. Once fully implemented, the technology is expected to reduce uninjured vehicle collisions by 80%.

[0060] Still referring to Figure 1, the wireless communication system 100 may include multiple V-UEs 160, and the multiple V-UEs may communicate with the base station 102 on the communication link 120 using the Uu interface (i.e., the air interface between the UE and the base station). The V-UE 160 may also communicate directly with each other on the wireless sidelink 162, communicate with the roadside unit (RSU) 164 (roadside access point) on the wireless sidelink 166, or communicate with the UE 104 with sidelink capabilities on the wireless sidelink 168 using the PC5 interface (i.e., the air interface between UEs with sidelink capabilities). The wireless sidelink (or simply referred to as "sidelink") is an adaptation of the core cellular network (e.g., LTE, NR) standard, which allows direct communication between two or more UEs without communicating through the base station. Sidelink communication can be unicast or multicast, and can be used for device-to-device (D2D) media sharing, V2V communication, V2X communication (e.g., cellular V2X (cV2X) communication, enhanced V2X (eV2X) communication, etc.), emergency rescue applications, etc. One or more of the V-UEs in a group of V-UEs 160 that utilize sidelink communication may be within the geographical coverage area 110 of the base station 102. Other V-UEs 160 in such a group may be outside the geographical coverage area 110 of the base station 102, or may not be able to receive transmissions from the base station 102 for other reasons. In some cases, each group of V-UEs 160 that communicate via sidelink communication may utilize a one-to-many (1:M) system, where each V-UE 160 transmits to each other V-UE 160 in the group. In some cases, the base station 102 facilitates the scheduling of resources for sidelink communication. In other cases, sidelink communication is performed between V-UEs 160 without involving the base station 102.

[0061] In one aspect, the sidelinks 162, 166, 168 may operate over a wireless communication medium of interest, which may be shared with other wireless communications between other vehicles and / or infrastructure access points and other RATs. The "medium" may include one or more time, frequency, and / or spatial communication resources associated with wireless communication between one or more transmitter / receiver pairs (e.g., covering one or more channels across one or more carriers).

[0062] In one aspect, the sidelinks 162, 166, 168 may be cV2X links. The first generation of cV2X has been standardized in LTE, and the next generation is expected to be defined in NR. cV2X is a cellular technology that also enables device-to-device communication. In the United States and Europe, cV2X is expected to operate in the licensed ITS band below 6 GHz. Other bands may be allocated in other countries. Thus, as a specific example, the medium of interest utilized by the sidelinks 162, 166, 168 may correspond to at least a portion of the licensed ITS band below 6 GHz. However, the present disclosure is not limited to this band or cellular technology.

[0063] In one aspect, the sidelinks 162, 166, 168 may be dedicated short range communication (DSRC) links. DSRC is a one-way or two-way short-range to medium-range wireless communication protocol that uses the wireless access for vehicular environments (WAVE) protocol (also known as IEEE 802.11p) for V2V, V2I, and V2P communications. IEEE 802.11p is an approved amendment to the IEEE 802.11 standard and operates in the licensed ITS band at 5.9 GHz (5.85 GHz - 5.925 GHz) in the United States. In Europe, IEEE 802.11p operates in the ITS G5A band (5.875 GHz - 5.905 MHz). Other bands may be allocated in other countries. The V2V communications described above occur over a secure channel, which is typically a 10 MHz channel dedicated for security purposes in the United States. The remainder of the DSRC band (total bandwidth is 75 MHz) is intended for other services of interest to drivers, such as road rules, tolling, parking automation, etc. Thus, as a specific example, the medium of interest utilized by the sidelinks 162, 166, 168 may correspond to at least a portion of the licensed ITS band at 5.9 GHz.

[0064] Alternatively, the medium of interest may correspond to at least a portion of an unlicensed band shared among various RATs. Although different licensed bands have been reserved for certain communication systems (e.g., by government entities such as the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in the United States), these systems (especially those employing small cell access points) have recently extended their operation into unlicensed bands such as the unlicensed national information infrastructure (U-NII) bands used by wireless local area network (WLAN) technologies, most notably the IEEE 802.11x WLAN technologies commonly referred to as "Wi-Fi". Example systems of this type include different variants of CDMA systems, TDMA systems, FDMA systems, orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA) systems, single carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA) systems, etc.

[0065] The communication between V-UEs 160 is referred to as V2V communication, the communication between a V-UE 160 and one or more RSUs 164 is referred to as V2I communication, and the communication between a V-UE 160 and one or more UEs 104 (where these UEs 104 are P-UEs) is referred to as V2P communication. The V2V communication between V-UEs 160 can include, for example, information about the location, speed, acceleration, heading, and other vehicle data of these V-UEs 160. The V2I information received at a V-UE 160 from one or more RSUs 164 can include, for example, road rules, parking automation information, etc. The V2P communication between a V-UE 160 and a UE 104 can include information about, for example, the location, speed, acceleration, and heading of the V-UE 160 and the location, speed (e.g., in the case where the UE 104 is carried by a cycling user), and heading of the UE 104.

[0066] Note that although Figure 1 only two of the UEs are illustrated as V-UEs (V-UE 160), any of the illustrated UEs (e.g., UEs 104, 152, 182, 190) can be a V-UE. Additionally, although only these V-UEs 160 and a single UE 104 have been illustrated as being connected via a sidelink, Figure 1 any of the illustrated UEs, whether V-UE, P-UE, etc., may be capable of sidelink communication. Further, although only UE 182 is described as being capable of beamforming, any of the illustrated UEs (including V-UE 160) may be capable of beamforming. In the case where V-UEs 160 are capable of beamforming, they can beamform towards each other (i.e., towards other V-UEs 160), towards an RSU 164, towards other UEs (e.g., UEs 104, 152, 182, 190), etc. Thus, in some cases, V-UEs 160 can utilize beamforming on sidelinks 162, 166, and 168.

[0067] The wireless communication system 100 can also include one or more UEs (such as UE 190) indirectly connected to one or more communication networks via one or more device-to-device (D2D) peer-to-peer (P2P) links. In Figure 1In the example, UE 190 has a D2D P2P link 192 with one of the UEs 104 connected to one of the base stations in base station 102 (e.g., UE 190 can indirectly obtain cellular connectivity through this D2D P2P link), and has a D2D P2P link 194 with WLAN STA 152 connected to WLAN AP 150 (UE 190 can indirectly obtain WLAN-based Internet connectivity through this D2D P2P link). In one example, D2D P2P links 192 and 194 can be supported by any well-known D2D RAT, such as LTE Direct (LTE-D), WiFi Direct (WiFi-D), etc. As another example, D2D P2P links 192 and 194 can be sidelinks, as described above with reference to sidelinks 162, 166, and 168.

[0068] Figure 2A Illustrates example wireless network architecture 200. For example, 5GC 210 (also known as Next Generation Core (NGC)) can functionally be regarded as a Control Plane (C-plane) function 214 (e.g., UE registration, authentication, network access, gateway selection, etc.) and a User Plane (U-plane) function 212 (e.g., UE gateway function, access to data networks, IP routing, etc.), which cooperate to form the core network. User Plane interface (NG-U) 213 and Control Plane interface (NG-C) 215 connect gNB 222 to 5GC 210, and specifically connect to User Plane function 212 and Control Plane function 214 respectively. In an additional configuration, ng-eNB 224 can also be connected to 5GC 210 via NG-C 215 to Control Plane function 214 and NG-U 213 to User Plane function 212. In addition, ng-eNB 224 can communicate directly with gNB 222 via a backhaul connection 223. In some configurations, Next Generation RAN (NG-RAN) 220 can have one or more gNB 222s, while other configurations include one or more of both ng-eNB 224 and gNB 222. Either (or both) of gNB 222 or ng-eNB 224 can communicate with one or more UEs 204 (e.g., any of the UEs described herein).

[0069] Another optional aspect may include a location server 230 that may communicate with the 5GC 210 to provide location assistance for the UE 204. The location server 230 may be implemented as multiple separate servers (e.g., physically separate servers, different software modules on a single server, different software modules distributed across multiple physical servers, etc.), or alternatively may each correspond to a single server. The location server 230 may be configured to support one or more location services for the UE 204 that may be connected to the location server 230 via the core network, the 5GC 210, and / or via the Internet (not illustrated). Additionally, the location server 230 may be integrated into a component of the core network, or alternatively may be external to the core network (e.g., a third-party server such as an original equipment manufacturer (OEM) server or a service server).

[0070] Figure 2B Another example wireless network structure 240 is illustrated. The 5GC 260 (which may correspond to Figure 2AThe 5GC 210) can be functionally regarded as the control plane function provided by the Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) 264, and the user plane function provided by the User Plane Function (UPF) 262, which cooperate to form the core network (i.e., 5GC 260). The functions of the AMF 264 include: registration management, connection management, reachability management, mobility management, lawful interception, transmission of session management (SM) messages between one or more UEs 204 (e.g., any of the UEs described herein) and the Session Management Function (SMF) 266, transparent proxy service for routing SM messages, access authentication and access authorization, transmission of Short Message Service (SMS) messages between the UE 204 and the Short Message Service Function (SMSF) (not shown), and Security Anchor Functionality (SEAF). The AMF 264 also interacts with the Authentication Server Function (AUSF) (not shown) and the UE 204, and receives the intermediate key established as a result of the UE 204 authentication process. In the case of authentication based on a UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) Subscriber Identity Module (USIM), the AMF 264 retrieves the security material from the AUSF. The functions of the AMF 264 also include Security Context Management (SCM). The SCM receives the key from the SEAF, and the SCM uses this key to derive the access network specific key. The functionality of the AMF 264 also includes location service management for regulatory services, transmission of location service messages between the UE 204 and the Location Management Function (LMF) 270 (which acts as the location server 230), transmission of location service messages between the NG-RAN 220 and the LMF 270, allocation of evolved packet system (EPS) bearer identifiers for EPS interoperability, and UE 204 mobility event notification. In addition, the AMF 264 also supports functionality for non-3GPP (Third Generation Partnership Project) access networks.

[0071] The functions of UPF 262 include: acting as an anchor point for mobility within / across RATs (when applicable), acting as an external protocol data unit (PDU) session point for the interconnection to a data network (not shown), providing packet routing and forwarding, packet inspection, user plane policy rule enforcement (e.g., gating, redirection, traffic steering), lawful interception (user plane collection), traffic usage reporting, quality of service (QoS) handling of the user plane (e.g., uplink / downlink rate enforcement, reflected QoS marking in the downlink), uplink traffic verification (service data flow (SDF) to QoS flow mapping), transport-level packet marking in the uplink and downlink, downlink packet buffering and downlink data notification triggering, and transmitting and forwarding one or more "end markers" to the source RAN node. UPF 262 may also support the transfer of location service messages between UE 204 and a location server (such as SLP 272) on the user plane.

[0072] The functions of SMF 266 include session management, UE Internet Protocol (IP) address allocation and management, selection and control of user plane functions, traffic steering configuration at UPF 262 for routing traffic to the correct destination, partial control of policy enforcement and QoS, and downlink data notification. The interface through which SMF 266 communicates with AMF 264 is referred to as the N11 interface.

[0073] Another optional aspect may include LMF 270, which may communicate with 5GC 260 to provide location assistance for UE 204. LMF 270 may be implemented as multiple separate servers (e.g., physically separate servers, different software modules on a single server, different software modules distributed across multiple physical servers, etc.), or alternatively may each correspond to a single server. LMF 270 may be configured to support one or more location services for UE 204, which may be connected to LMF 270 via the core network, 5GC 260, and / or via the Internet (not illustrated). SLP 272 may support similar functions to LMF 270, but LMF 270 may communicate with AMF 264, NG-RAN 220, and UE 204 on the control plane (e.g., using interfaces and protocols designed to carry signaling messages rather than voice or data), and SLP 272 may communicate with UE 204 and an external client (e.g., third-party server 274) on the user plane (e.g., using protocols designed to carry voice and / or data, such as Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and / or IP).

[0074] Another optional aspect may include a third-party server 274 that may communicate with the LMF 270, SLP 272, 5GC 260 (e.g., via the AMF 264 and / or UPF 262), NG-RAN 220, and / or UE 204 to obtain location information (e.g., a location estimate) of the UE 204. Thus, in some cases, the third-party server 274 may be referred to as a location service (LCS) client or an external client. The third-party server 274 may be implemented as multiple separate servers (e.g., physically separate servers, different software modules on a single server, different software modules distributed across multiple physical servers, etc.), or alternatively may each correspond to a single server.

[0075] The user plane interface 263 and the control plane interface 265 connect the 5GC 260, and specifically the UPF 262 and the AMF 264, to one or more gNBs 222 and / or ng-eNBs 224 in the NG-RAN 220, respectively. The interface between the gNB 222 and / or ng-eNB 224 and the AMF 264 is referred to as the "N2" interface, while the interface between the gNB 222 and / or ng-eNB 224 and the UPF 262 is referred to as the "N3" interface. The gNBs 222 and / or ng-eNBs 224 of the NG-RAN 220 may communicate directly with each other via a backhaul connection 223 referred to as the "Xn-C" interface. One or more of the gNBs 222 and / or ng-eNBs 224 may communicate with one or more UEs 204 via a radio interface referred to as the "Uu" interface.

[0076] The functionality of gNB 222 is divided between a gNB central unit (gNB-CU) 226, one or more gNB distributed units (gNB-DU) 228, and one or more gNB radio units (gNB-RU) 229. The gNB-CU 226 is a logical node that includes base station functions other than those specifically allocated to the gNB-DU 228, including passing user data, mobility control, radio access network sharing, positioning, session management, etc. More specifically, the gNB-CU 226 generally hosts the RRC, service data adaptation protocol (SDAP), and packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) protocols of the gNB 222. The gNB-DU 228 is a logical node that typically hosts the radio link control (RLC) and media access control (MAC) layers of the gNB 222. Its operation is controlled by the gNB-CU 226. One gNB-DU 228 can support one or more cells, and one cell is supported by only one gNB-DU 228. The interface 232 between the gNB-CU 226 and one or more gNB-DU 228s is referred to as the "F1" interface. The physical (PHY) layer functionality of the gNB 222 is typically hosted by one or more independent gNB-RU 229s, which perform functions such as power amplification and signal transmission / reception. The interface between the gNB-DU 228 and the gNB-RU 229 is referred to as the "Fx" interface. Thus, the UE 204 communicates with the gNB-CU 226 via the RRC layer, SDAP layer, and PDCP layer, communicates with the gNB-DU 228 via the RLC layer and MAC layer, and communicates with the gNB-RU 229 via the PHY layer.

[0077] Figure 3A , Figure 3B and Figure 3C illustrates several example components (represented by corresponding boxes) that can be incorporated into a UE 302 (which can correspond to any UE described herein), a base station 304 (which can correspond to any base station described herein), and a network entity 306 (which can correspond to or embody any network function described herein, including location server 230 and LMF 270, or alternatively can be independent of Figure 2A and Figure 2BThe depicted NG-RAN 220 and / or 5GC 210 / 260 infrastructure, such as a private network), to support the operations described herein. It should be understood that these components may be implemented in different specific implementations in different types of devices (e.g., in an ASIC, in a system-on-chip (SoC), etc.). The illustrated components may also be incorporated into other devices in the communication system. For example, other devices in the system may include components similar to those described as providing similar functionality. Additionally, a given device may include one or more of these components. For example, a device may include multiple transceiver components that enable the device to operate on multiple carriers and / or communicate via different technologies.

[0078] UE 302 and base station 304 each include one or more wireless wide area network (WWAN) transceivers 310 and 350, respectively. These wireless wide area network (WWAN) transceivers provide components for communication via one or more wireless communication networks (not shown), such as an NR network, an LTE network, a GSM network, etc. (e.g., components for transmitting, receiving, measuring, tuning, blocking transmission, etc.). WWAN transceivers 310 and 350 may each be connected to one or more antennas 316 and 356, respectively, for communicating with other network nodes (such as other UEs, access points, base stations (e.g., eNBs, gNBs), etc.) via at least one specified RAT (e.g., NR, LTE, GSM, etc.) through an interested wireless communication medium (e.g., a set of time / frequency resources in a specific spectrum). WWAN transceivers 310 and 350 may be configured in different ways to transmit and encode signals 318 and 358 (e.g., messages, indications, information, etc.) according to the specified RAT, respectively, and conversely, to receive and decode signals 318 and 358 (e.g., messages, indications, information, pilots, etc.), respectively. Specifically, WWAN transceivers 310 and 350 each include: one or more transmitters 314 and 354, respectively, for transmitting and encoding signals 318 and 358, and one or more receivers 312 and 352, respectively, for receiving and decoding signals 318 and 358.

[0079] At least in some cases, UE 302 and base station 304 each also include one or more short-range wireless transceivers 320 and 360, respectively. Short-range wireless transceivers 320 and 360 may be connected to one or more antennas 326 and 366, respectively, and provide for communication on an interested wireless communication medium via at least one specified RAT (e.g., WiFi, LTE-D, Components (e.g., components for transmission, reception, measurement, tuning, blocking transmission, etc.) for a UE 302 to communicate with other network nodes (such as other UEs, access points, base stations, etc.) using various short-range communication technologies (e.g., PC5, dedicated short-range communication (DSRC), wireless access for vehicle environments (WAVE), near-field communication (NFC), ultra-wideband (UWB), etc.). The short-range wireless transceivers 320 and 360 can be configured in different ways to transmit and encode signals 328 and 368 (e.g., messages, indications, information, etc.) according to the specified RAT, and conversely, to receive and decode signals 328 and 368 (e.g., messages, indications, information, pilots, etc.). Specifically, the short-range wireless transceivers 320 and 360 respectively include one or more transmitters 324 and 364 for transmitting and encoding signals 328 and 368, and one or more receivers 322 and 362 for receiving and decoding signals 328 and 368. As a specific example, the short-range wireless transceivers 320 and 360 can be WiFi transceivers, transceivers, and / or transceivers, NFC transceivers, UWB transceivers, or vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and / or vehicle-to-everything (V2X) transceivers.

[0080] In at least some cases, the UE 302 and the base station 304 also include satellite signal receivers 330 and 370. The satellite signal receivers 330 and 370 can be respectively connected to one or more antennas 336 and 376, and can provide components for receiving and / or measuring satellite positioning / communication signals 338 and 378. In the case where the satellite signal receivers 330 and 370 are satellite positioning system receivers, the satellite positioning / communication signals 338 and 378 can be Global Positioning System (GPS) signals, Global Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS) signals, Galileo signals, Beidou signals, Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (NAVIC), Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS), etc. In the case where the satellite signal receivers 330 and 370 are non-terrestrial network (NTN) receivers, the satellite positioning / communication signals 338 and 378 can be communication signals (e.g., carrying control and / or user data) originating from a 5G network. The satellite signal receivers 330 and 370 can include any suitable hardware and / or software for receiving and processing the satellite positioning / communication signals 338 and 378. The satellite signal receivers 330 and 370 can request information and operations from other systems as appropriate, and at least in some cases, perform calculations using measurements obtained by any suitable satellite positioning system algorithm to respectively determine the positions of the UE 302 and the base station 304.

[0081] Base station 304 and network entity 306 each include one or more network transceivers 380 and 390 respectively, and the one or more network transceivers provide components (such as components for sending, components for receiving, etc.) for communicating with other network entities (such as other base stations 304, other network entities 306). For example, base station 304 may employ one or more network transceivers 380 to communicate with other base stations 304 or network entities 306 via one or more wired or wireless backhaul links. As another example, network entity 306 may employ one or more network transceivers 390 to communicate with one or more base stations 304 via one or more wired or wireless backhaul links, or communicate with other network entities 306 via one or more wired or wireless core network interfaces.

[0082] The transceiver may be configured to communicate via a wired or wireless link. The transceiver (whether a wired transceiver or a wireless transceiver) includes a transmitter circuit (such as transmitters 314, 324, 354, 364) and a receiver circuit (such as receivers 312, 322, 352, 362). In some specific implementations, the transceiver may be an integrated device (such as implementing the transmitter circuit and the receiver circuit in a single device), in some specific implementations may include separate transmitter circuits and separate receiver circuits, or may be implemented in other ways in other specific implementations. The transmitter circuit and the receiver circuit of a wired transceiver (such as, in some specific implementations, network transceivers 380 and 390) may be coupled to one or more wired network interface ports. The wireless transmitter circuit (such as transmitters 314, 324, 354, 364) may include or be coupled to a plurality of antennas (such as antennas 316, 326, 356, 366), such as an antenna array, which allows the corresponding device (such as UE 302, base station 304) to perform transmission "beamforming" as described herein. Similarly, the wireless receiver circuit (such as receivers 312, 322, 352, 362) may include or be coupled to a plurality of antennas (such as antennas 316, 326, 356, 366), such as an antenna array, which allows the corresponding device (such as UE 302, base station 304) to perform receive beamforming as described herein. In one aspect, the transmitter circuit and the receiver circuit may share the same plurality of antennas (such as antennas 316, 326, 356, 366), such that the corresponding device can only receive or only transmit at a given time, rather than receive and transmit both at the same time. The wireless transceiver (such as WWAN transceivers 310 and 350, short-range wireless transceivers 320 and 360) may also include a network listening module (NLM) for performing various measurements, etc.

[0083] As used herein, various wireless transceivers (e.g., in some specific embodiments, transceivers 310, 320, 350, and 360, as well as network transceivers 380 and 390) and wired transceivers (e.g., network transceivers 380 and 390 in some specific embodiments) can generally be referred to as "transceivers", "at least one transceiver", or "one or more transceivers". Thus, it can be inferred whether a particular transceiver is a wired transceiver or a wireless transceiver based on the type of communication being performed. For example, backhaul communication between network devices or servers typically involves signaling via a wired transceiver, while wireless communication between a UE (e.g., UE 302) and a base station (e.g., base station 304) will typically involve signaling via a wireless transceiver.

[0084] UE 302, base station 304, and network entity 306 also include other components that can be used in conjunction with the operations disclosed herein. UE 302, base station 304, and network entity 306 each include one or more processors 332, 384, and 394 for providing functionality related to, for example, wireless communication and for providing other processing functionality. Thus, processors 332, 384, and 394 can provide components for processing, such as components for determining, components for computing, components for receiving, components for sending, components for indicating, etc. In one aspect, processors 332, 384, and 394 can include, for example, one or more general-purpose processors, multi-core processors, central processing units (CPUs), ASICs, digital signal processors (DSPs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), other programmable logic devices or processing circuits, or various combinations thereof.

[0085] UE 302, base station 304, and network entity 306 respectively include memory circuits that implement memories 340, 386, and 396 (e.g., each including a memory device), and the memory circuits are used to maintain information (e.g., information indicating reserved resources, thresholds, parameters, etc.). Therefore, memories 340, 386, and 396 can provide components for storage, components for retrieval, components for maintenance, etc. In some cases, UE 302, base station 304, and network entity 306 can respectively include positioning components 342, 388, and 398. Positioning components 342, 388, and 398 can be hardware circuits that are respectively part of or coupled to processors 332, 384, and 394, and when these hardware circuits are executed, they cause UE 302, base station 304, and network entity 306 to perform the functions described herein. In other aspects, positioning components 342, 388, and 398 can be external to processors 332, 384, and 394 (e.g., part of a modem processing system, integrated with another processing system, etc.). Alternatively, positioning components 342, 388, and 398 can be memory modules respectively stored in memories 340, 386, and 396, and when these memory modules are executed by processors 332, 384, and 394 (or a modem processing system, another processing system, etc.), they cause UE 302, base station 304, and network entity 306 to perform the functions described herein. Figure 3A Illustrates a possible location of positioning component 342, which can be part of, for example, one or more WWAN transceivers 310, memory 340, one or more processors 332, or any combination thereof, or can be an independent component. Figure 3B Illustrates a possible location of positioning component 388, which can be part of, for example, one or more WWAN transceivers 350, memory 386, one or more processors 384, or any combination thereof, or can be an independent component. Figure 3C Illustrates a possible location of positioning component 398, which can be part of, for example, one or more network transceivers 390, memory 396, one or more processors 394, or any combination thereof, or can be an independent component.

[0086] The UE 302 may include one or more sensors 344 coupled to one or more processors 332 to provide components for sensing or detecting movement and / or orientation information unrelated to movement data derived from signals received by one or more WWAN transceivers 310, one or more short-range wireless transceivers 320, and / or satellite signal receivers 330. By way of example, the sensors 344 may include accelerometers (e.g., microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) devices), gyroscopes, geomagnetic sensors (e.g., compasses), altimeters (e.g., barometric altimeters), and / or any other type of movement detection sensor. Additionally, the sensors 344 may include multiple different types of devices and combine their outputs to provide movement information. For example, the sensors 344 may use a combination of a multi-axis accelerometer and an orientation sensor to provide the ability to calculate positioning in a two-dimensional (2D) and / or three-dimensional (3D) coordinate system.

[0087] In addition, the UE 302 includes a user interface 346 that provides components for providing indications to the user (e.g., audible and / or visual indications) and / or for receiving user input (e.g., when the user actuates a sensing device such as a keypad, touch screen, microphone, etc.). Although not shown, the base station 304 and the network entity 306 may also include a user interface.

[0088] Referring in more detail to one or more processors 384, in the downlink, IP packets from the network entity 306 may be provided to the processor 384. One or more processors 384 may implement functionality for the RRC layer, packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, radio link control (RLC) layer, and media access control (MAC) layer. One or more processors 384 may provide: RRC layer functionality associated with the broadcast of system information (e.g., master information block (MIB), system information block (SIB)), RRC connection control (e.g., RRC connection paging, RRC connection establishment, RRC connection modification, and RRC connection release), inter-RAT mobility, and measurement configuration for UE measurement reporting; PDCP layer functionality associated with header compression / decompression, security (encryption, decryption, integrity protection, integrity verification), and handover support functions; RLC layer functionality associated with the transfer of upper layer PDUs, error correction via automatic repeat request (ARQ), concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC service data units (SDUs), re-segmentation of RLC data PDUs, and re-ordering of RLC data PDUs; and MAC layer functionality associated with the mapping between logical channels and transport channels, scheduling information reporting, error correction, priority handling, and logical channel prioritization.

[0089] The transmitter 354 and the receiver 352 can implement layer 1 (L1) functionality associated with various signal processing functions. Layer 1, which includes the physical (PHY) layer, can include: error detection on the transport channel, forward error correction (FEC) encoding / decoding of the transport channel, interleaving, rate matching, mapping to the physical channel, modulation / demodulation of the physical channel, and MIMO antenna processing. The transmitter 354 disposes of the mapping to the signal constellation based on various modulation schemes (e.g., binary phase shift keying (BPSK), quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), M-phase shift keying (M-PSK), M-quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM)). Then, the encoded and modulated symbols can be divided into parallel streams. Subsequently, each stream can be mapped to OFDM subcarriers, multiplexed with a reference signal (e.g., pilot) in the time domain and / or frequency domain, and then combined together using the inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) to generate a physical channel carrying a time-domain OFDM symbol stream. The OFDM symbol stream is spatially pre-coded to generate multiple spatial streams. Channel estimates from the channel estimator can be used to determine the encoding and modulation schemes and for spatial processing. The channel estimates can be derived from reference signals transmitted by the UE 302 and / or channel state feedback. Then, each spatial stream can be provided to one or more different antennas 356. The transmitter 354 can modulate an RF carrier with the corresponding spatial stream for transmission.

[0090] At the UE 302, the receiver 312 receives signals via its corresponding antenna 316. The receiver 312 recovers the information modulated onto the RF carrier and provides the information to one or more processors 332. The transmitter 314 and the receiver 312 implement layer 1 functionality associated with various signal processing functions. The receiver 312 can perform spatial processing on the information to recover any spatial streams destined for the UE 302. If there are multiple spatial streams destined for the UE 302, they can be combined by the receiver 312 into a single OFDM symbol stream. Then, the receiver 312 uses the fast Fourier transform (FFT) to convert the OFDM symbol stream from the time domain to the frequency domain. The frequency-domain signal includes a separate OFDM symbol stream for each subcarrier of the OFDM signal. The symbols and reference signals on each subcarrier are recovered and demodulated by determining the most likely signal constellation points transmitted by the base station 304. These soft decisions can be based on the channel estimates calculated by the channel estimator. Then, the soft decisions are decoded and de-interleaved to recover the data and control signals originally transmitted by the base station 304 on the physical channel. Then, the data and control signals are provided to one or more processors 332, which implement layer 3 (L3) and layer 2 (L2) functionality.

[0091] In the downlink, one or more processors 332 provide demultiplexing between transport channels and logical channels, packet reassembly, decryption, header decompression, and control signal processing to recover IP packets from the core network. One or more processors 332 are also responsible for error detection.

[0092] Similar to the functionality described in connection with the downlink transmission performed by the base station 304, one or more processors 332 provide: RRC layer functionality associated with system information (e.g., MIB, SIB) acquisition, RRC connection, and measurement reporting; PDCP layer functionality associated with header compression / decompression and security (encryption, decryption, integrity protection, integrity verification); RLC layer functionality associated with the transfer of upper layer PDUs, error correction via ARQ, concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC SDUs, re-segmentation of RLC data PDUs, and re-ordering of RLC data PDUs; and MAC layer functionality associated with the mapping between logical channels and transport channels, multiplexing of MAC SDUs onto transport blocks (TBs), demultiplexing of MAC SDUs from TBs, scheduling information reporting, error correction via hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ), priority handling, and logical channel prioritization.

[0093] Channel estimates derived by a channel estimator from reference signals or feedback transmitted by the base station 304 can be used by the transmitter 314 to select appropriate decoding and modulation schemes and contribute to spatial processing. The spatial streams generated by the transmitter 314 can be provided to different antennas 316. The transmitter 314 can modulate RF carriers with the respective spatial streams for transmission.

[0094] Uplink transmissions are processed at the base station 304 in a manner similar to that described in connection with the receiver functionality at the UE 302. The receiver 352 receives signals via its respective antennas 356. The receiver 352 recovers the information modulated onto the RF carriers and provides the information to one or more processors 384.

[0095] In the uplink, one or more processors 384 provide demultiplexing between transport channels and logical channels, packet reassembly, decryption, header decompression, control signal processing to recover IP packets from the UE 302. The IP packets from one or more processors 384 can be provided to the core network. One or more processors 384 are also responsible for error detection.

[0096] For convenience, the UE 302, the base station 304, and / or the network entity 306 are in Figure 3A 、 Figure 3B and Figure 3Cis shown as including various components that may be configured according to the various examples described herein. However, it should be understood that the illustrated components may have different functionality in different designs. In particular, Figures 3A to 3C the various components in are optional in an alternative configuration, and the various aspects include configurations that may vary due to design choices, cost, use of the device, or other considerations. For example, in Figure 3A the case of, a particular implementation of UE 302 may omit the WWAN transceiver 310 (e.g., a wearable device or a tablet computer or a PC or a laptop computer may have Wi-Fi and / or Bluetooth capabilities without cellular capabilities), or may omit the short-range wireless transceiver 320 (e.g., only cellular, etc.), or may omit the satellite signal receiver 330, or may omit the sensor 344, and so on. In another example, in Figure 3B the case of, a particular implementation of the base station 304 may omit the WWAN transceiver 350 (e.g., a Wi-Fi "hotspot" access point without cellular capabilities), or may omit the short-range wireless transceiver 360 (e.g., only cellular, etc.), or may omit the satellite signal receiver 370, and so on. For the sake of brevity, illustrations of the various alternative configurations are not provided herein, but will be readily understood by those skilled in the art.

[0097] The various components of UE 302, base station 304, and network entity 306 may be communicatively coupled to each other via data buses 334, 382, and 392, respectively. In one aspect, the data buses 334, 382, and 392 may respectively form or be part of the communication interfaces of UE 302, base station 304, and network entity 306. For example, in the case where different logical entities are embodied in the same device (e.g., gNB and location server functionality incorporated into the same base station 304), the data buses 334, 382, and 392 may provide communication between the different logical entities.

[0098] Figure 3A , Figure 3B and Figure 3C the components of may be implemented in various ways. In some implementations, Figure 3A , Figure 3B and Figure 3CThe components can be implemented in one or more circuits, such as one or more processors and / or one or more ASICs (which may include one or more processors). Here, each circuit can use and / or incorporate at least one memory component for storing information or executable code used by the circuit to provide the functionality. For example, some or all of the functionality represented by blocks 310 to 346 can be implemented by the processor and memory components of UE 302 (e.g., by executing appropriate code and / or by appropriate configuration of the processor components). Similarly, some or all of the functionality represented by blocks 350 to 388 can be implemented by the processor and memory components of base station 304 (e.g., by executing appropriate code and / or by appropriate configuration of the processor components). Also, some or all of the functionality represented by blocks 390 to 398 can be implemented by the processor and memory components of network entity 306 (e.g., by executing appropriate code and / or by appropriate configuration of the processor components). For simplicity, various operations, actions, and / or functions are described herein as being "performed by the UE", "performed by the base station", "performed by the network entity", etc. However, it should be understood that such operations, actions, and / or functions can actually be performed by specific components or combinations of components of UE 302, base station 304, network entity 306, etc., such as processors 332, 384, 394, transceivers 310, 320, 350, and 360, memories 340, 386, and 396, positioning components 342, 388, and 398, etc.

[0099] In some designs, network entity 306 can be implemented as a core network component. In other designs, network entity 306 can operate differently from a network operator or the cellular network infrastructure (e.g., NG RAN 220 and / or 5GC 210 / 260). For example, network entity 306 can be a component of a private network that can be configured to communicate with UE 302 via base station 304 or independently of base station 304 (e.g., via a non-cellular communication link such as WiFi).

[0100] Figure 4 Two resource allocation modes for transmission on the NR sidelink according to aspects of the present disclosure are illustrated. In the first mode 410 (labeled "Mode 1"), base station 402 (e.g., any of the base stations described herein) allocates time and / or frequency resources for sidelink communication between the involved V-UEs 404 and 406 (e.g., any of the V-UEs or UEs with sidelink capabilities described herein) via downlink control information (DCI) 3_0. V-UEs 404 and 406 use the allocated resources to communicate with each other and / or exchange ranging signals (e.g., sidelink PRS (SL-PRS)) for positioning purposes.

[0101] In the second mode 420 (labeled "Mode 2"), the involved V-UEs 404 and 406 autonomously select sidelink resources for the transmission of ranging signals. The V-UEs can use the first mode only when there is cellular coverage, and can use the second mode regardless of whether there is cellular coverage. Note that although Figure 4 two V-UEs are illustrated, it should be understood that they do not have to be V-UEs, and instead can be any other type of UE capable of performing sidelink communication. In addition, there can be more than the two V-UEs 404 and 406 illustrated.

[0102] The signaling on the sidelink is the same between these two resource allocation modes. From the perspective of the receiver (e.g., V-UE 406), there is no difference between the modes. That is, for the receiver, it does not matter whether the resources for the ranging signal are allocated by the base station 402 or by the transmitter.

[0103] Mode 1 supports dynamic grant (DG), configured grant (CG) type 1, and CG type 2. In some cases, CG type 1 is activated via RRC signaling from the base station 402. In some cases, the modulation and coding scheme (MCS) for sidelink transmission is determined by the involved V-UEs 404 and 406 within the limits set by the base station 402. In mode 2, the transmitting V-UE (e.g., V-UE 404) performs channel sensing by blindly decoding all physical sidelink control channels (PSCCHs) to determine the resources reserved for other sidelink transmissions. The transmitting V-UE 404 reports the available resources to its upper layer, and this upper layer determines the resource usage.

[0104] In addition, NR sidelink supports HARQ retransmission. In mode 1, the base station 402 provides a dynamic grant for HARQ feedback or activates the configured sidelink grant. The sidelink feedback can be reported back to the base station by the transmitting UE (e.g., V-UE 404).

[0105] The PSCCH carries sidelink control information (SCI). The first-level SCI (referred to as "SCI-1") is transmitted on the PSCCH and contains information for resource allocation and decoding of the second-level SCI (referred to as "SCI-2"). The SCI-2 is transmitted on the physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) and contains information for decoding the data to be transmitted on the shared channel (SCH) of the sidelink. The SCI-1 information can be decoded by all UEs, while the SCI-2 information can include formats that can be decoded by only certain UEs. This ensures that new features can be introduced in the SCI-2 while maintaining resource reservation backward compatibility in the SCI-1.

[0106] The content of SCI-1 includes: (1) priority (QoS value); (2) PSSCH resource assignment (i.e., frequency / time resources for PSSCH); (3) resource reservation period (if enabled); (4) PSSCH demodulation reference signal (DMRS) mode (if more than one mode is (pre-)configured); (5) the format of SCI-2 (e.g., information about the size of SCI-2); (6) two-bit β offset for SCI-2 resource allocation; (7) the number of PSSCH DMRS ports (one or two); and / or (8) five-bit MCS.

[0107] Both SCI-1 and SCI-2 use the physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) polarity decoding chain, as Figure 5 shown. Figure 5 FIG. 500 is a diagram showing how to establish an SCH on a sidelink between two or more UEs according to aspects of the present disclosure. Specifically, (the network or the UEs involved) uses the information in SCI-1 502 to perform resource allocation 504 for SCI-2 506 and SCH 508. In addition, the information in 5CI-1 502 is used to determine / decipher the content of SCI-2 506 transmitted on the allocated resources. Therefore, the receiving UE requires both resource allocation 504 and SCI-1 502 to decode SCI-2 506. Subsequently, the information in SCI-2 506 is used to determine / decipher SCH 508.

[0108] Sidelink communication occurs in a transmit or receive resource pool. In the frequency domain, the smallest resource allocation unit is a subchannel (e.g., a set of consecutive PRBs in the frequency domain). In the time domain, resource allocation is performed in a time slot interval. However, some time slots are not available for the sidelink, and some time slots contain feedback resources. In addition, sidelink resources can be (pre-)configured to occupy less than 14 symbols in a time slot.

[0109] Sidelink resources are configured at the RRC layer. The RRC configuration can be a pre-configuration (e.g., pre-loaded on the UE) or a configuration (e.g., from the serving base station).

[0110] As indicated above, NR sidelink supports HARQ retransmission. Figure 6A FIG. 600 is a diagram of an example time slot structure without feedback resources according to aspects of the present disclosure. In the Figure 6A example, time is represented horizontally and frequency is represented vertically. In the time domain, the length of each block is one OFDM symbol, and 14 symbols constitute a time slot. In the frequency domain, the height of each block is one subchannel. Currently, the (pre-)configured subchannel size can be selected from a set of {10, 15, 20, 25, 50, 75, 100} physical resource blocks (PRBs).

[0111] For a sidelink slot, the first symbol is a repetition of the previous symbol and is used for automatic gain control (AGC) setting. This is illustrated in Figure 6A by vertical and horizontal hashes. As Figure 6A shown, for the sidelink, the PSCCH and PSSCH are transmitted in the same slot. Similar to the PDCCH, the PSCCH carries control information regarding sidelink resource allocation and a description of the sidelink data sent to the UE. Similarly, similar to the physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), the PSSCH carries the user data of the UE. In Figure 6A the example, the PSCCH occupies half of the bandwidth of a subchannel and only occupies three symbols. Finally, a gap symbol appears after the PSSCH.

[0112] Figure 6B is a diagram 650 of an example slot structure with feedback resources according to aspects of the present disclosure. In Figure 6B the example, time is represented horizontally and frequency is represented vertically. In the time domain, the length of each block is one OFDM symbol, and 14 symbols constitute a slot. In the frequency domain, the height of each block is one subchannel.

[0113] Figure 6B The slot structure illustrated is similar to the slot structure illustrated in Figure 6A except that Figure 6B the slot structure illustrated includes feedback resources. Specifically, the two symbols at the end of the slot are dedicated to the physical sidelink feedback channel (PSFCH). The first PSFCH symbol is a repetition of the second PSFCH symbol for AGC setting. In addition to the gap symbol after the PSSCH, there is also a gap symbol after the two PSFCH symbols. Currently, the resources for the PSFCH can be configured periodically from a set of {0, 1, 2, 4} slots.

[0114] The sidelink slot structure supports one-layer and two-layer PSSCH transmissions with QPSK, 16-QAM, 64-QAM, and 256-QAM. In addition, there are different DMRS modes that can be transmitted in the PSSCH. Specifically, the DMRS modes for two, three, and four symbols of the PSSCH for five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, and twelve symbols can be (pre)configured for use by the transmitter. The transmitter selects the DMRS mode based on the channel conditions and signals the mode in the SCI-1.

[0115] The number of PSSCH DMRSs is determined according to SCI-1. The DMRS positioning is determined as the relative positioning from the first symbol of the PSCCH having the pattern described in Table 1. Specifically, the positioning of the DMRS symbol is given by l, and l d is the duration of the symbol of the scheduled resource for the transmission of the PSSCH and the associated PSCCH, including the AGC OFDM symbol.

[0116]

[0117] Table 1

[0118] Figure 7 Illustrative example DMRS patterns for PSSCHs of nine and twelve symbols in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure are shown. Specifically, DMRS pattern 710 is a two-symbol DMRS pattern for a 12-symbol PSSCH (including 13 with AGC, i.e., the last row of Table 1), DMRS pattern 720 is a three-symbol DMRS pattern for a 12-symbol PSSCH (including 13 with AGC), DMRS pattern 730 is a four-symbol DMRS pattern for a 12-symbol PSSCH (including 13 with AGC), DMRS pattern 740 is a two-symbol DMRS pattern for a 9-symbol PSSCH (including 10 with AGC), and DMRS pattern 750 is a three-symbol DMRS pattern for a 9-symbol PSSCH (including 10 with AGC).

[0119] The first 13 symbols in the time domain and the allocated subchannels in the frequency domain form a sidelink resource pool. The sidelink resource pool may include resources for sidelink communication (transmission and / or reception), sidelink positioning (referred to as the resource pool for positioning (RP-P)), or both communication and positioning. The resource pool configured for both communication and positioning is referred to as a “shared” resource pool. In the shared resource pool, the RP-P is indicated by an offset, a periodicity, the number of consecutive symbols within a time slot (e.g., as few as one symbol), and / or the bandwidth within a component carrier (or across multiple component carriers). Additionally, the RP-P may be associated with a zone or a distance from a reference location.

[0120] The base station (or UE, depending on the above reference Figure 4The described resource allocation pattern) may allocate one or more resource configurations from the RP-P to another UE. Additionally or alternatively, a UE (e.g., a relay or remote UE) may request one or more RP-P configurations, and the UE may include one or more of the following in the request: (1) location information (or cell identifier) of the UE; (2) periodicity; (3) bandwidth; (4) offset; (5) number of symbols; and (6) whether a configuration with "low interference" is required (which may be determined by the assigned quality of service (QoS) or priority).

[0121] The base station or UE may configure / assign rate matching resources or RP-P for rate matching / silencing to the sidelink UE such that when there is a conflict between the assigned resources and another resource pool containing data (PSSCH) and / or control (PSCCH), it is expected that the sidelink UE performs rate matching / silencing / puncturing on the data, DMRS, and / or CSI-RS within the conflicting resources. This will achieve orthogonality between positioning and data transmission to increase the coverage of the SL-PRS signal.

[0122] Figure 8 FIG. 800 is an example diagram illustrating a resource pool for positioning within a sidelink resource pool (i.e., a shared resource pool) for communication according to aspects of the present disclosure. In Figure 8 the example, time is represented horizontally and frequency is represented vertically. In the time domain, the length of each block is one OFDM symbol, and 14 symbols constitute a time slot. In the frequency domain, the height of each block is one subchannel.

[0123] In Figure 8 the example, the entire time slot (except the first and last symbols) can be a resource pool for sidelink communication. That is, any symbol except the first and last symbols can be allocated for sidelink communication. However, the RP-P is allocated in the last four pre-gap symbols of the time slot. Therefore, non-sidelink positioning data (such as user data (PSSCH), CSI-RS, and control information) can only be transmitted in the first eight post-AGC symbols and not in the last four pre-gap symbols to prevent conflicts with the configured RP-P. The non-sidelink positioning data that could otherwise be transmitted in the last four pre-gap symbols can be punctured or silenced, or the non-sidelink data that would normally span more than eight post-AGC symbols can be rate-matched to fit the eight post-AGC symbols.

[0124] The sidelink positioning reference signal (SL-PRS) has been defined to support sidelink positioning procedures between UEs. Similar to the downlink PRS (DL-PRS), the SL-PRS resource consists of one or more resource elements (i.e., one OFDM symbol in the time domain and one subcarrier in the frequency domain). The SL-PRS resource has been designed to have a comb-based pattern to enable FFT-based processing at the receiver. The SL-PRS resource consists of non-interleaved or only partially interleaved resource elements in the frequency domain to provide small time-of-arrival (TOA) uncertainty for each SL-PRS resource and reduced overhead. The SL-PRS can also be associated with a specific RP-P (e.g., some SL-PRSs can be allocated in some RP-Ps). The SL-PRS is also defined to have in-slot repetition ( Figure 8 not shown in Figure 8 ) to allow for combining gain if needed. There can also be inter-UE coordination of RP-Ps to provide dynamic SL-PRS and data multiplexing while minimizing SL-PRS collisions.

[0125] The frequency-domain and time-domain patterns of the in-slot SL-PRS resource have the following characteristics. First, regarding the comb size value N and the number M of SL-PRS symbols in a slot, excluding the symbols for AGC training and / or receive-to-transmit (RxTx) turnaround, at least the following values are considered potential candidates for N: {1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12}. The values considered potential candidates for M have not been defined. Additionally, it has not been defined whether N>12 is considered a potential candidate. Second, the symbols of the in-slot SL-PRS resource are expected to be consecutive symbols. However, for a shared resource pool (i.e., shared between sidelink communication and sidelink positioning), it has not been determined whether consecutive and / or non-consecutive symbols are allowed. Similarly, regarding the resource element offset sequence within the SL-PRS resource, it has not been determined whether there is a symbol at the end of the SL-PRS pattern that has the same resource element offset as the first symbol for phase tracking purposes.

[0126] Regarding sidelink positioning resource allocation, it has been agreed that for the (pre-)configuration of sidelink positioning resources in a shared resource pool with sidelink communication (if supported), backward compatibility with legacy sidelink UEs should be ensured. Regarding sidelink signaling for reservation / indication of SL-PRS resources for dedicated and shared resource pools (if supported) for positioning, it has been agreed that the SCI can be used to reserve / indicate one or more SL-PRS resources. However, this does not mean that only the SCI is used. There can still be higher layer signaling for the purpose of indicating a part of the SL-PRS configuration. It has not been determined whether the SCI is single-level SCI or two-level SCI. Similarly, it has not been determined whether sidelink media access control control element (SL-MAC-CE) or other higher layer signaling for reservation / indication is supported.

[0127] The same UE can be configured with resources for both communication and positioning in the same resource pool. That is, the UE can be configured to transmit both PSSCH and SL-PRS in the same resource pool (e.g., the same time slot). However, the problem with multiplexing SL-PRS resources with PSSCH in a shared resource pool is that the DMRS mode for PSSCH is determined based on the current channel conditions at the transmission time, while SL-PRS is typically pre-configured so that the receiving UE and / or TRP knows where to measure SL-PRS in time and frequency. For example, if the UE is traveling at a speed higher than a certain threshold or if the channel conditions are poor, the UE may decide to transmit more DMRS. As a result, one or more symbols of the configured SL-PRS resources may conflict with the DMRS, which means that the symbols of SL-PRS within the time slot may not be continuous and / or there may not be enough SL-PRS symbols to meet the accuracy requirements. Therefore, the present disclosure provides techniques for scheduling SL-PRS within a shared resource pool.

[0128] As a first technique described herein, to support SL-PRS multiplexing within a shared resource pool when the UE transmits both PSSCH and SL-PRS, the concept of an SL-PRS resource set can be defined. An SL-PRS resource set can be defined as a set of SL-PRS resources that can be transmitted in a single time slot such that the symbol offset of additional SL-PRS resources is with respect to the symbol (e.g., the first or last) of the first SL-PRS resource in the time slot. In this case, the SCI indicates / reserves the SL-PRS resource set (i.e., all SL-PRS resources of the set) rather than a single SL-PRS resource. The UE can be configured with which SL-PRS resources are included in the SL-PRS resource set in a higher layer message (e.g., RRC), or there may be a re-assignment of the set to a resource-associated SL-MAC-CE.

[0129] The UE can be configured with different SL-PRS resource sets that can be used in a time slot. Then, when the UE transmits SCI-1 indicating the DMRS mode, it can also send an explicit indication in the SCI (e.g., SCI-2) about which SL-PRS resource set will also be transmitted in the time slot. Since there should be no conflict between the DMRS and the SL-PRS, it is expected that the transmitting UE selects a compatible DMRS and SL-PRS mode within the time slot. By dividing the SL-PRS symbols to be transmitted in a time slot among multiple resources of the resource set, gaps can be configured between the SL-PRS symbols to allow the transmission of DMRS without conflicting with the SL-PRS.

[0130] Figure 9FIG. 900 is a diagram illustrating an example sidelink resource pool in which SL-PRS resources in an SL-PRS resource set are multiplexed with communication resources (e.g., PSSCH and DMRS) in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. In Figure 9 the example, time is represented horizontally and frequency is represented vertically. In the time domain, the length of each block is one OFDM symbol, and 14 symbols constitute a time slot. In the frequency domain, the height of each block is one subchannel.

[0131] In Figure 9 the example, the DMRS pattern is a pattern of three symbols within a 10-symbol resource pool (including AGC symbols). The SL-PRS resource set includes two SL-PRS resources, each SL-PRS resource consisting of two consecutive SL-PRS symbols. The second SL-PRS resource has a starting symbol offset of three symbols with respect to the symbol offset of the first SL-PRS resource. That is, the second SL-PRS resource starts on the third symbol after the first symbol of the first SL-PRS resource.

[0132] Using this technique, each SL-PRS resource in the SL-PRS resource set can still consist of consecutive symbols (here, two symbols). However, instead of having an SL-PRS resource with four symbols that would conflict with the selected DMRS pattern, there is a gap between the SL-PRS resources in the SL-PRS resource set to allow DMRS to be transmitted without conflicting with the SL-PRS resources.

[0133] In one aspect, the transmitting UE may not transmit all resources of the SL-PRS resource set and may thus indicate which SL-PRS resources are transmitted. Figure 10 FIG. 1000 is a diagram illustrating another example sidelink resource pool in which SL-PRS resources in an SL-PRS resource set are multiplexed with communication resources (e.g., PSSCH and DMRS) in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. In Figure 10 the example, time is represented horizontally and frequency is represented vertically. In the time domain, the length of each block is one OFDM symbol, and 14 symbols constitute a time slot. In the frequency domain, the height of each block is one subchannel.

[0134] In Figure 10 the example, the DMRS pattern is a pattern of four symbols within a 13-symbol resource pool (including AGC symbols). The SL-PRS resource set consists of three SL-PRS resources, each SL-PRS resource consisting of two SL-PRS symbols. Similar to Figure 9In the example of [0000000], the symbol offset of the second SL-PRS resource relative to the first SL-PRS resource has a starting symbol offset of three symbols. That is, the second SL-PRS resource starts on the third symbol after the first symbol of the first SL-PRS resource. The symbol offset of the third SL-PRS resource relative to the first SL-PRS resource has a starting symbol offset of six symbols. That is, the third SL-PRS resource starts on the sixth symbol after the first symbol of the first SL-PRS resource.

[0135] As described above, the transmitting UE may not transmit all resources of the SL-PRS resource set and may thus indicate which SL-PRS resources are being transmitted. Thus, referring to Figure 10 , all three resources may be indicated in the SCI (meaning that all three resources will be transmitted), or there may be an additional field in the SCI to indicate which SL-PRS resources in the resource set are being transmitted. That is, the SL PRS resource set is associated with three SL-PRS resources by configuration, but then there are three bits in the SCI (e.g., SCI-2) such that if the bit is set to "1" (i.e., activated), the corresponding SL-PRS resource is being transmitted.

[0136] In one aspect, the UE may transmit the PSSCH with one transmit power or on one bandwidth and transmit the SL-PRS resources with another transmit power and / or on a different bandwidth. Figure 11 FIG. 1100 is a diagram illustrating another example sidelink resource pool in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure in which SL-PRS resources in an SL-PRS resource set are multiplexed with communication resources (e.g., PSSCH and DMRS). In Figure 11 the example of [0000000], time is represented horizontally and frequency is represented vertically. In the time domain, the length of each block is one OFDM symbol, and 14 symbols constitute a time slot. In the frequency domain, the height of each block is one subchannel.

[0137] In Figure 11 the example of [0000000], the DMRS pattern is a pattern of four symbols within a 13-symbol resource pool (including AGC symbols). The SL-PRS resource set consists of one SL-PRS resource, and the one SL-PRS resource consists of one SL-PRS symbol. However, note that instead of configuring the UE with an SL-PRS resource set consisting of a single SL-PRS resource, the UE may simply be configured with SL-PRS resources.

[0138] In the indicated time slot, the UE transmits the PSSCH with a first transmission power and / or bandwidth, and transmits the SL-PRS resource with a second (different) transmission power and / or a different bandwidth. Due to the difference in transmission power and / or bandwidth, the UE will need to transmit additional AGC symbols before the SL-PRS resource, as Figure 11 shown.

[0139] Since additional AGC is required before the SL-PRS resource, it is preferably to use a different transmission power and / or bandwidth for the SL-PRS resource after the PSSCH. If the SL-PRS resource is transmitted between PSSCH symbols, there will be a discontinuity between the PSSCH / DMRS scheduled before and after the SL-PRS resource.

[0140] Figure 12 FIG. 1200 is a diagram illustrating another example sidelink resource pool in which SL-PRS resources in an SL-PRS resource set are multiplexed with communication resources (e.g., PSSCH and DMRS) according to aspects of the present disclosure. In Figure 12 the example, time is represented horizontally and frequency is represented vertically. In the time domain, the length of each block is one OFDM symbol, and 14 symbols constitute a time slot. In the frequency domain, the height of each block is one subchannel.

[0141] In Figure 12 the example, the DMRS pattern is a pattern of four symbols within a resource pool of 13 symbols (including AGC symbols). The SL-PRS resource set consists of one SL-PRS resource, and the one SL-PRS resource consists of one SL-PRS symbol. However, note that instead of configuring the UE with an SL-PRS resource set consisting of a single SL-PRS resource, the UE can simply be configured with SL-PRS resources.

[0142] In the indicated time slot, the UE transmits the PSSCH with a first transmission power and / or bandwidth, and transmits the SL-PRS resource with a second (different) transmission power and / or a different bandwidth. Due to the difference in transmission power and / or bandwidth, the UE will need to transmit additional AGC symbols before the SL-PRS resource, as Figure 11 shown. However, contrary to the time slot shown in Figure 11 , the SL-PRS resource is transmitted between PSSCH symbols. Therefore, there will be a discontinuity between the PSSCH / DMRS scheduled before and after the SL-PRS resource.

[0143] As a second technique described herein, there may be an implicit association between the SL-PRS resources to be transmitted and the number of DMRS symbols in the indicated time slot. In this technique, the association may be configured, for example, as follows: (1) use the first SL-PRS mode if the number of DMRS is two, (2) use the second SL-PRS mode if the number of DMRS is three, and (3) use the third SL-PRS mode if the number of DMRS is four. In this way, for a given DMRS pattern and a given PSSCH length, a specifically configured SL-PRS will be used.

[0144] Figure 13 Illustrates examples of different SL-PRS resource patterns based on different DMRS patterns according to aspects of the present disclosure. In Figure 13 the example, time is represented horizontally and frequency is represented vertically. In the time domain, the length of each block is one OFDM symbol, and 14 symbols constitute a time slot. In the frequency domain, the height of each block is one subchannel.

[0145] In time slot 1310, the DMRS pattern is a pattern of two symbols within a resource pool of 13 symbols (including the AGC symbol). The SL-PRS resource consists of four consecutive SL-PRS symbols. Note that the SL-PRS resource can be a single SL-PRS resource within an SL-PRS resource set.

[0146] In time slot 1320, the DMRS pattern is a pattern of three symbols within a resource pool of 13 symbols (including the AGC symbol). In this example, the SL-PRS resource set consists of two SL-PRS resources, each SL-PRS resource consisting of two consecutive SL-PRS symbols. However, note that instead of configuring the UE with an SL-PRS resource set, the UE may be configured with an SL-PRS resource consisting of non-consecutive SL-PRS symbols.

[0147] In time slot 1330, the DMRS pattern is a pattern of four symbols within a resource pool of 13 symbols (including the AGC symbol). In this example, the SL-PRS resource set again consists of two SL-PRS resources, each SL-PRS resource consisting of two consecutive SL-PRS symbols, but at a different position than in time slot 1320. However, note that instead of configuring the UE with an SL-PRS resource set, the UE may be configured with an SL-PRS resource consisting of non-consecutive SL-PRS symbols.

[0148] In the above example, for a given DMRS pattern and a given PSSCH length (here 13 symbols), there is a single configured SL-PRS resource set to be used. The specific SL-PRS pattern to be used can be given by a table in the applicable radio communication standard (and thus pre-configured for the UE). For example, Table 1 above can be extended to include DL-PRS patterns for each DMRS and PSSCH combination.

[0149] As a third technique described herein, the first technique and the second technique can be combined. As described above, in the first technique, the UE is configured with multiple SL-PRS resource sets and indicates which resource set it will use in the SCI. There is no explicit association between the resource sets and the DMRS pattern. Instead, it is expected that the UE selects an SL-PRS resource set that does not conflict with the selected DMRS pattern. In the second technique, there is an association between the SL-PRS pattern and the DMRS pattern in the indicated time slot. That is, given a specific DMRS pattern and PSSCH length, there is a specific SL-PRS pattern.

[0150] In the third technique, there can be multiple SL-PRS resource sets for each DMRS and PSSCH combination (i.e., the combinations shown in Table 1). Then, the transmitting UE simply selects one resource set for the DMRS / PSSCH combination and indicates the selected resource set in the SCI. For example, there can be bits in the SCI for each SL-PRS resource set, and the UE can indicate which SL-PRS resource set is selected by setting the corresponding bit to "1".

[0151] As a fourth technique described herein, for a given PSSCH duration and PSCCH duration, there may be symbols that are never used for DMRS, and these symbols can be configured for SL-PRS. Figure 14 Illustrates three different DMRS patterns for a PSCCH duration of three symbols and a PSSCH duration of 13 symbols in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. In Figure 14 the example, time is represented horizontally and frequency is represented vertically. In the time domain, the length of each block is one OFDM symbol, and 14 symbols constitute a time slot. In the frequency domain, the height of each block is one subchannel.

[0152] In time slot 1410, the two-symbol DMRS pattern is on symbols {4, 10}. In time slot 1420, the three-symbol DMRS pattern is on symbols {1, 6, 11}. In time slot 1430, the four-symbol DMRS pattern is on symbols {1, 4, 7, 10}. If the SL-PRS resource is the minimum of two consecutive symbols, then in Figure 14In the example (PSSCH of 13 symbols and PSCCH of three symbols), symbols eight and nine are never used for DMRS. Therefore, the SL-PRS resources are configured to occupy symbols eight and nine of the time slot. Thus, regardless of the dynamically indicated DMRS mode, the SL-PRS mode is always the same and does not change dynamically. Note that the SL-PRS symbols should not be any of the symbols configured for PSCCH.

[0153] Figure 15 Illustrates an example method 1500 of wireless communication according to aspects of the present disclosure. In one aspect, method 1500 may be performed by a UE (e.g., any of the UEs described herein).

[0154] At 1510, the UE receives a configuration of at least one sidelink positioning reference signal (SL-PRS) resource for a sidelink resource pool. In one aspect, operation 1510 may be performed by one or more WWAN transceivers 310, one or more short-range wireless transceivers 320, one or more processors 332, memory 340, and / or positioning component 342, any one or all of which may be regarded as components for performing this operation.

[0155] At 1520, the UE transmits a plurality of DMRS in the time slot according to a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) mode of the time slot for the sidelink resource pool, wherein the DMRS mode is based on the duration of the symbols of the time slot scheduled for transmission of PSSCH and associated PSCCH. In one aspect, operation 1520 may be performed by one or more WWAN transceivers 310, one or more short-range wireless transceivers 320, one or more processors 332, memory 340, and / or positioning component 342, any one or all of which may be regarded as components for performing this operation.

[0156] At 1530, the UE transmits the at least one SL-PRS resource in the time slot, wherein the at least one SL-PRS resource includes one symbol or two or more consecutive symbols of the time slot, and wherein the one symbol or the two or more consecutive symbols of the time slot do not conflict with any of the symbols of the DMRS mode. In one aspect, operation 1530 may be performed by one or more WWAN transceivers 310, one or more short-range wireless transceivers 320, one or more processors 332, memory 340, and / or positioning component 342, any one or all of which may be regarded as components for performing this operation.

[0157] As will be appreciated, a technical advantage of method 1500 is improved scheduling of SL-PRS using DMRS in a shared sidelink resource pool.

[0158] In the above detailed embodiments, it can be seen that different features are grouped together in each example. This disclosure should not be construed as intending that the example clauses have more features than those expressly recited in each clause. On the contrary, various aspects of the present disclosure may include fewer features than all of the individual example clauses disclosed. Accordingly, the following clauses are hereby considered incorporated into the description, where each clause by itself may be a separate example. Although each dependent clause may refer in the clause to a particular combination with one of the other clauses, the aspects of that dependent clause are not limited to the particular combination. It should be understood that other example clauses may also include combinations of aspects of the dependent clauses with the subject matter of any other dependent clause or independent clause or any features with other dependent clauses and independent clauses. The various aspects disclosed herein expressly include such combinations, unless expressly stated or readily inferred not to be intended to use a particular combination (e.g., conflicting aspects such as defining an element as both an electrical insulator and an electrical conductor). In addition, it is contemplated that aspects of the clauses may be included in any other independent clause, even if the clause does not directly depend on the independent clause.

[0159] Specific example embodiments are described in the following numbered clauses:

[0160] Clause 1. A method of wireless communication performed by a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: transmitting a plurality of demodulation reference signals (DMRS) in a time slot according to a DMRS pattern for a time slot of a sidelink resource pool, wherein the DMRS pattern is based on a duration of symbols of the time slot scheduled for transmission of a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) and an associated physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH); and transmitting a sidelink positioning reference signal (SL-PRS) resource set in the time slot, wherein the SL-PRS resource set includes at least one SL-PRS resource, wherein the at least one SL-PRS resource includes two or more consecutive symbols of the time slot, and wherein the two or more consecutive symbols of the time slot do not conflict with any symbols of the DMRS pattern.

[0161] Clause 2. The method according to clause 1, the method further comprising: transmitting a first sidelink control information (SCI) indicating the DMRS pattern; and transmitting a second SCI indicating the SL-PRS resource set.

[0162] Clause 3. The method according to Clause 2, wherein: the SL-PRS resource set includes a plurality of SL-PRS resources, the plurality of SL-PRS resources includes the at least one SL-PRS resource, the second SCI includes a plurality of bits corresponding to the plurality of SL-PRS resources, and at least one bit corresponding to the at least one SL-PRS resource among the plurality of bits is activated to indicate that the at least one SL-PRS resource is transmitted.

[0163] Clause 4. The method according to any one of Clauses 2 to 3, wherein: the SL-PRS resource set is one of a plurality of SL-PRS resource sets configured for the UE, the second SCI includes a plurality of bits corresponding to the plurality of SL-PRS resource sets, and the bit corresponding to the SL-PRS resource set among the plurality of bits is activated to indicate that the SL-PRS resource set is transmitted.

[0164] Clause 5. The method according to any one of Clauses 2 to 4, wherein: the first SCI includes a first-level SCI (SCI-1), and the second SCI includes a second-level SCI (SCI-2).

[0165] Clause 6. The method according to any one of Clauses 1 to 5, wherein: the at least one SL-PRS resource includes a plurality of SL-PRS resources, and the symbol offset of each SL-PRS resource among the plurality of SL-PRS resources except for the first-occurring SL-PRS resource among the plurality of SL-PRS resources is related to the symbol offset of the first-occurring SL-PRS resource.

[0166] Clause 7. The method according to any one of Clauses 1 to 6, the method further includes: receiving a configuration of the SL-PRS resources in the SL-PRS resource set.

[0167] Clause 8. The method according to Clause 7, wherein the configuration is received via: radio resource control (RRC) signaling, or sidelink media access control control element (SL-MAC-CE) signaling.

[0168] Clause 9. The method according to any one of Clauses 1 to 8, wherein: the plurality of DMRSs are transmitted at a first transmission power, on a first bandwidth, or in both cases, and the at least one SL-PRS resource is transmitted at a second transmission power different from the first transmission power, on a second bandwidth different from the first bandwidth, or in both cases.

[0169] Clause 10. The method according to Clause 9, the method further comprising: transmitting an automatic gain control (AGC) symbol before the at least one SL-PRS resource.

[0170] Clause 11. The method according to any one of Clauses 1 to 10, wherein: the DMRS pattern is one of a plurality of DMRS patterns based on the duration of the symbols of the time slot scheduled for transmission of the PSSCH and the associated PSCCH, and each of the plurality of DMRS patterns is associated with a single SL-PRS resource set.

[0171] Clause 12. The method according to any one of Clauses 1 to 11, wherein the SL-PRS resource set is associated with the DMRS pattern for the time slot in a table pre-configured for the UE.

[0172] Clause 13. The method according to any one of Clauses 1 to 12, wherein the pattern of the SL-PRS resources in the SL-PRS resource set is based on the number of the plurality of DMRSs and the duration of the symbols of the time slot scheduled for transmission of the PSSCH.

[0173] Clause 14. The method according to any one of Clauses 1 to 13, wherein: the DMRS pattern is one of a plurality of DMRS patterns based on the duration of the symbols of the time slot scheduled for transmission of the PSSCH and the associated PSCCH, and the SL-PRS resource set is one of a plurality of SL-PRS resource sets associated with each of the plurality of DMRS patterns.

[0174] Clause 15. The method according to Clause 14, wherein the SL-PRS resource set is selected from the plurality of SL-PRS resource sets based on that the SL-PRS resources in the SL-PRS resource set do not conflict with any symbols of the DMRS pattern.

[0175] Clause 16. The method according to any one of Clauses 1 to 15, wherein: the DMRS pattern is one of a plurality of DMRS patterns based on the duration of the symbols of the time slot scheduled for transmission of the PSSCH and the associated PSCCH, and the two or more consecutive symbols do not conflict with any symbols of the plurality of DMRS patterns.

[0176] Clause 17. The method according to Clause 16, wherein the two or more consecutive symbols do not conflict with any symbols scheduled for the PSCCH.

[0177] Clause 18. A user equipment (UE), the user equipment comprising: a memory; at least one transceiver; and at least one processor communicatively coupled to the memory and the at least one transceiver, the at least one processor configured to: transmit, via the at least one transceiver, a plurality of demodulation reference signals (DMRS) in a time slot according to a DMRS pattern for a sidelink resource pool, wherein the DMRS pattern is based on a duration of symbols scheduled for transmission of a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) and an associated physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) in the time slot; and transmit, via the at least one transceiver, a sidelink positioning reference signal (SL-PRS) resource set in the time slot, wherein the SL-PRS resource set includes at least one SL-PRS resource, wherein the at least one SL-PRS resource includes two or more consecutive symbols of the time slot, and wherein the two or more consecutive symbols of the time slot do not conflict with any symbols of the DMRS pattern.

[0178] Clause 19. The UE according to clause 18, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: transmit, via the at least one transceiver, a first sidelink control information (SCI) indicating the DMRS pattern; and transmit, via the at least one transceiver, a second SCI indicating the SL-PRS resource set.

[0179] Clause 20. The UE according to clause 19, wherein: the SL-PRS resource set includes a plurality of SL-PRS resources, the plurality of SL-PRS resources includes the at least one SL-PRS resource, the second SCI includes a plurality of bits corresponding to the plurality of SL-PRS resources, and at least one bit corresponding to the at least one SL-PRS resource among the plurality of bits is activated to indicate that the at least one SL-PRS resource is transmitted.

[0180] Clause 21. The UE according to any one of clauses 19 to 20, wherein: the SL-PRS resource set is one of a plurality of SL-PRS resource sets configured for the UE, the second SCI includes a plurality of bits corresponding to the plurality of SL-PRS resource sets, and the bit corresponding to the SL-PRS resource set among the plurality of bits is activated to indicate that the SL-PRS resource set is transmitted.

[0181] Clause 22. The UE according to any one of clauses 19 to 21, wherein: the first SCI includes a first-level SCI (SCI-1), and the second SCI includes a second-level SCI (SCI-2).

[0182] Clause 23. The UE according to any one of Clauses 18 to 22, wherein: the at least one SL-PRS resource includes a plurality of SL-PRS resources, and the symbol offset of each SL-PRS resource among the plurality of SL-PRS resources except for the first-occurring SL-PRS resource among the plurality of SL-PRS resources is related to the symbol offset of the first-occurring SL-PRS resource.

[0183] Clause 24. The UE according to any one of Clauses 18 to 23, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: receive the configuration of the SL-PRS resources in the SL-PRS resource set via the at least one transceiver.

[0184] Clause 25. The UE according to Clause 24, wherein the configuration is received via: radio resource control (RRC) signaling, or sidelink media access control control element (SL-MAC-CE) signaling.

[0185] Clause 26. The UE according to any one of Clauses 18 to 25, wherein: the plurality of DMRSs are transmitted at a first transmission power, on a first bandwidth, or in both cases, and the at least one SL-PRS resource is transmitted at a second transmission power different from the first transmission power, on a second bandwidth different from the first bandwidth, or in both cases.

[0186] Clause 27. The UE according to Clause 26, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: transmit an automatic gain control (AGC) symbol via the at least one transceiver before the at least one SL-PRS resource.

[0187] Clause 28. The UE according to any one of Clauses 18 to 27, wherein: the DMRS pattern is one of a plurality of DMRS patterns based on the duration of the symbols scheduled for transmission of the PSSCH and the associated PSCCH in the time slot, and each DMRS pattern among the plurality of DMRS patterns is associated with a single SL-PRS resource set.

[0188] Clause 29. The UE according to any one of Clauses 18 to 28, wherein the SL-PRS resource set is associated with the DMRS pattern for the time slot in a table pre-configured for the UE.

[0189] Clause 30. The UE according to any one of Clauses 18 to 29, wherein the pattern of the SL-PRS resources in the SL-PRS resource set is based on the number of the plurality of DMRSs and the duration of the symbols scheduled for transmission of the PSSCH in the time slot.

[0190] Clause 31. The UE according to any one of Clauses 18 to 30, wherein: the DMRS pattern is one of a plurality of DMRS patterns based on the duration of the symbols in the time slot scheduled for the transmission of the PSSCH and the associated PSCCH, and the SL-PRS resource set is one of a plurality of SL-PRS resource sets associated with each of the plurality of DMRS patterns.

[0191] Clause 32. The UE according to Clause 31, wherein the SL-PRS resource set is selected from the plurality of SL-PRS resource sets based on that the SL-PRS resources in the SL-PRS resource set do not conflict with any of the symbols of the DMRS pattern.

[0192] Clause 33. The UE according to any one of Clauses 18 to 32, wherein: the DMRS pattern is one of a plurality of DMRS patterns based on the duration of the symbols in the time slot scheduled for the transmission of the PSSCH and the associated PSCCH, and the two or more consecutive symbols do not conflict with any of the symbols of the plurality of DMRS patterns.

[0193] Clause 34. The UE according to Clause 33, wherein the two or more consecutive symbols do not conflict with any of the symbols scheduled for the PSCCH.

[0194] Clause 35. A user equipment (UE) comprising: means for transmitting a plurality of DMRS in the time slot according to a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) pattern for a side link resource pool, wherein the DMRS pattern is based on the duration of the symbols in the time slot scheduled for the transmission of the physical side link shared channel (PSSCH) and the associated physical side link control channel (PSCCH); and means for transmitting a side link positioning reference signal (SL-PRS) resource set in the time slot, wherein the SL-PRS resource set includes at least one SL-PRS resource, wherein the at least one SL-PRS resource includes two or more consecutive symbols of the time slot, and wherein the two or more consecutive symbols of the time slot do not conflict with any of the symbols of the DMRS pattern.

[0195] Clause 36. The UE according to Clause 35, the UE further comprising: means for transmitting first side link control information (SCI) indicating the DMRS pattern; and means for transmitting second SCI indicating the SL-PRS resource set.

[0196] Clause 37. The UE according to Clause 36, wherein: the SL-PRS resource set includes a plurality of SL-PRS resources, the plurality of SL-PRS resources includes the at least one SL-PRS resource, the second SCI includes a plurality of bits corresponding to the plurality of SL-PRS resources, and at least one bit corresponding to the at least one SL-PRS resource among the plurality of bits is activated to indicate that the at least one SL-PRS resource is transmitted.

[0197] Clause 38. The UE according to any one of Clauses 36 to 37, wherein: the SL-PRS resource set is one of a plurality of SL-PRS resource sets configured for the UE, the second SCI includes a plurality of bits corresponding to the plurality of SL-PRS resource sets, and the bit corresponding to the SL-PRS resource set among the plurality of bits is activated to indicate that the SL-PRS resource set is transmitted.

[0198] Clause 39. The UE according to any one of Clauses 36 to 38, wherein: the first SCI includes a first-level SCI (SCI-1), and the second SCI includes a second-level SCI (SCI-2).

[0199] Clause 40. The UE according to any one of Clauses 35 to 39, wherein: the at least one SL-PRS resource includes a plurality of SL-PRS resources, and the symbol offset of each SL-PRS resource among the plurality of SL-PRS resources except for the first-occurring SL-PRS resource among the plurality of SL-PRS resources is related to the symbol offset of the first-occurring SL-PRS resource.

[0200] Clause 41. The UE according to any one of Clauses 35 to 40, the UE further includes: a component for receiving the configuration of the SL-PRS resources in the SL-PRS resource set.

[0201] Clause 42. The UE according to Clause 41, wherein the configuration is received via: radio resource control (RRC) signaling, or sidelink media access control control element (SL-MAC-CE) signaling.

[0202] Clause 43. The UE according to any one of Clauses 35 to 42, wherein: the plurality of DMRSs are transmitted at a first transmission power, on a first bandwidth, or in both cases, and the at least one SL-PRS resource is transmitted at a second transmission power different from the first transmission power, on a second bandwidth different from the first bandwidth, or in both cases.

[0203] Clause 44. The UE according to Clause 43, the UE further comprising: components for transmitting an automatic gain control (AGC) symbol before the at least one SL-PRS resource.

[0204] Clause 45. The UE according to any one of Clauses 35 to 44, wherein: the DMRS pattern is one of a plurality of DMRS patterns based on the duration of the symbols of the time slot scheduled for the transmission of the PSSCH and the associated PSCCH, and each of the plurality of DMRS patterns is associated with a single SL-PRS resource set.

[0205] Clause 46. The UE according to any one of Clauses 35 to 45, wherein the SL-PRS resource set is associated with the DMRS pattern for the time slot in a table pre-configured for the UE.

[0206] Clause 47. The UE according to any one of Clauses 35 to 46, wherein the pattern of the SL-PRS resources in the SL-PRS resource set is based on the number of the plurality of DMRSs and the duration of the symbols of the time slot scheduled for the transmission of the PSSCH.

[0207] Clause 48. The UE according to any one of Clauses 35 to 47, wherein: the DMRS pattern is one of a plurality of DMRS patterns based on the duration of the symbols of the time slot scheduled for the transmission of the PSSCH and the associated PSCCH, and the SL-PRS resource set is one of a plurality of SL-PRS resource sets associated with each of the plurality of DMRS patterns.

[0208] Clause 49. The UE according to Clause 48, wherein the SL-PRS resource set is selected from the plurality of SL-PRS resource sets based on the SL-PRS resources in the SL-PRS resource set not conflicting with any of the symbols of the DMRS pattern.

[0209] Clause 50. The UE according to any one of Clauses 35 to 49, wherein: the DMRS pattern is one of a plurality of DMRS patterns based on the duration of the symbols of the time slot scheduled for the transmission of the PSSCH and the associated PSCCH, and the two or more consecutive symbols do not conflict with any of the symbols of the plurality of DMRS patterns.

[0210] Clause 51. The UE according to Clause 50, wherein the two or more consecutive symbols do not conflict with any of the symbols scheduled for the PSCCH.

[0211] Clause 52. A non-transitory computer-readable medium stores computer-executable instructions that, when executed by a user equipment (UE), cause the UE to: transmit a plurality of demodulation reference signals (DMRS) in a time slot according to a DMRS pattern for the time slot of a sidelink resource pool, where the DMRS pattern is based on a duration of symbols of the time slot that are scheduled for transmission of a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) and an associated physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH); and transmit a sidelink positioning reference signal (SL-PRS) resource set in the time slot, where the SL-PRS resource set includes at least one SL-PRS resource, where the at least one SL-PRS resource includes two or more consecutive symbols of the time slot, and where the two or more consecutive symbols of the time slot do not conflict with any symbols of the DMRS pattern.

[0212] Clause 53. The non-transitory computer-readable medium according to Clause 52 further includes computer-executable instructions that, when executed by the UE, cause the UE to: transmit a first sidelink control information (SCI) indicating the DMRS pattern; and transmit a second SCI indicating the SL-PRS resource set.

[0213] Clause 54. According to the non-transitory computer-readable medium of Clause 53, where: the SL-PRS resource set includes a plurality of SL-PRS resources, the plurality of SL-PRS resources includes the at least one SL-PRS resource, the second SCI includes a plurality of bits corresponding to the plurality of SL-PRS resources, and at least one bit of the plurality of bits corresponding to the at least one SL-PRS resource is activated to indicate that the at least one SL-PRS resource is transmitted.

[0214] Clause 55. According to the non-transitory computer-readable medium of any one of Clauses 53 to 54, where: the SL-PRS resource set is one of a plurality of SL-PRS resource sets configured for the UE, the second SCI includes a plurality of bits corresponding to the plurality of SL-PRS resource sets, and the bit corresponding to the SL-PRS resource set among the plurality of bits is activated to indicate that the SL-PRS resource set is transmitted.

[0215] Clause 56. According to the non-transitory computer-readable medium of any one of Clauses 53 to 55, where: the first SCI includes a first-level SCI (SCI-1), and the second SCI includes a second-level SCI (SCI-2).

[0216] Clause 57. The non-transitory computer-readable medium according to any one of Clauses 52 to 56, wherein: the at least one SL-PRS resource includes a plurality of SL-PRS resources, and the symbol offset of each SL-PRS resource among the plurality of SL-PRS resources except for the first-occurring SL-PRS resource among the plurality of SL-PRS resources is related to the symbol offset of the first-occurring SL-PRS resource.

[0217] Clause 58. The non-transitory computer-readable medium according to any one of Clauses 52 to 57, the non-transitory computer-readable medium further comprising computer-executable instructions that, when executed by the UE, cause the UE to: receive a configuration of the SL-PRS resources in the SL-PRS resource set.

[0218] Clause 59. The non-transitory computer-readable medium according to Clause 58, wherein the configuration is received via: radio resource control (RRC) signaling, or sidelink media access control control element (SL-MAC-CE) signaling.

[0219] Clause 60. The non-transitory computer-readable medium according to any one of Clauses 52 to 59, wherein: the plurality of DMRS are transmitted with a first transmission power, on a first bandwidth, or in both cases, and the at least one SL-PRS resource is transmitted with a second transmission power different from the first transmission power, on a second bandwidth different from the first bandwidth, or in both cases.

[0220] Clause 61. The non-transitory computer-readable medium according to Clause 60, the non-transitory computer-readable medium further comprising computer-executable instructions that, when executed by the UE, cause the UE to: transmit an automatic gain control (AGC) symbol before the at least one SL-PRS resource.

[0221] Clause 62. The non-transitory computer-readable medium according to any one of Clauses 52 to 61, wherein: the DMRS pattern is one of a plurality of DMRS patterns based on the duration of the symbols of the time slot scheduled for the transmission of the PSSCH and the associated PSCCH, and each DMRS pattern among the plurality of DMRS patterns is associated with a single SL-PRS resource set.

[0222] Clause 63. The non-transitory computer-readable medium according to any one of Clauses 52 to 62, wherein the SL-PRS resource set is associated with the DMRS pattern for the time slot in a table pre-configured for the UE.

[0223] Clause 64. The non-transitory computer-readable medium according to any one of Clauses 52 to 63, wherein the pattern of the SL-PRS resources in the SL-PRS resource set is based on the number of the plurality of DMRSs and the duration of the symbols in the time slot that are scheduled for transmission of the PSSCH.

[0224] Clause 65. The non-transitory computer-readable medium according to any one of Clauses 52 to 64, wherein: the DMRS pattern is one of a plurality of DMRS patterns based on the duration of the symbols in the time slot that are scheduled for transmission of the PSSCH and the associated PSCCH, and the SL-PRS resource set is one of a plurality of SL-PRS resource sets associated with each of the plurality of DMRS patterns.

[0225] Clause 66. The non-transitory computer-readable medium according to Clause 65, wherein the SL-PRS resource set is selected from the plurality of SL-PRS resource sets based on the SL-PRS resources in the SL-PRS resource set not conflicting with any of the symbols of the DMRS pattern.

[0226] Clause 67. The non-transitory computer-readable medium according to any one of Clauses 52 to 66, wherein: the DMRS pattern is one of a plurality of DMRS patterns based on the duration of the symbols in the time slot that are scheduled for transmission of the PSSCH and the associated PSCCH, and the two or more consecutive symbols do not conflict with any of the symbols of the plurality of DMRS patterns.

[0227] Clause 68. The non-transitory computer-readable medium according to Clause 67, wherein the two or more consecutive symbols do not conflict with any of the symbols scheduled for the PSCCH.

[0228] Additional specific implementation examples are described in the following numbered clauses:

[0229] Clause 1. A method for wireless communication performed by a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: configuring at least one sidelink positioning reference signal (SL-PRS) resource for a sidelink resource pool; transmitting a plurality of demodulation reference signals (DMRS) in a time slot according to a DMRS pattern for the time slot of the sidelink resource pool, wherein the DMRS pattern is based on a duration of symbols scheduled for transmission of a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) and an associated physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) in the time slot; and transmitting the at least one SL-PRS resource in the time slot, wherein the at least one SL-PRS resource comprises one symbol or two or more consecutive symbols of the time slot, and wherein the one symbol or the two or more consecutive symbols of the time slot do not conflict with any symbol of the DMRS pattern.

[0230] Clause 2. The method according to Clause 1, the method further comprising: transmitting a first sidelink control information (SCI) indicating the DMRS pattern; and transmitting a second SCI indicating the at least one SL-PRS resource.

[0231] Clause 3. The method according to Clause 2, wherein: the second SCI comprises a plurality of bits corresponding to a plurality of SL-PRS resources, the plurality of SL-PRS resources comprising the at least one SL-PRS resource, and at least one bit corresponding to the at least one SL-PRS resource among the plurality of bits is activated to indicate that the at least one SL-PRS resource is transmitted.

[0232] Clause 4. The method according to any one of Clauses 2 to 3, wherein: the at least one SL-PRS resource is included in an SL-PRS resource set, the SL-PRS resource set being one of a plurality of SL-PRS resource sets configured for the UE, the second SCI comprises a plurality of bits corresponding to the plurality of SL-PRS resource sets, and a bit corresponding to the SL-PRS resource set among the plurality of bits is activated to indicate that the SL-PRS resource set is transmitted.

[0233] Clause 5. The method according to any one of Clauses 2 to 4, wherein: the first SCI comprises a first-level SCI (SCI-1), and the second SCI comprises a second-level SCI (SCI-2).

[0234] Clause 6. The method according to any one of Clauses 1 to 5, wherein: the at least one SL-PRS resource comprises a plurality of SL-PRS resources, and the symbol offset of each SL-PRS resource among the plurality of SL-PRS resources except for the first-occurring SL-PRS resource among the plurality of SL-PRS resources is related to the symbol offset of the first-occurring SL-PRS resource.

[0235] Clause 7. The method according to any one of Clauses 1 to 6, wherein the configuration is received via: radio resource control (RRC) signaling, or sidelink media access control control element (SL-MAC-CE) signaling.

[0236] Clause 8. The method according to any one of Clauses 1 to 7, wherein: the plurality of DMRSs are transmitted with a first transmission power, on a first bandwidth, or in both cases, and the at least one SL-PRS resource is transmitted with a second transmission power different from the first transmission power, on a second bandwidth different from the first bandwidth, or in both cases.

[0237] Clause 9. The method according to any one of Clauses 1 to 8, the method further comprising: transmitting an automatic gain control (AGC) symbol before the at least one SL-PRS resource.

[0238] Clause 10. The method according to any one of Clauses 1 to 9, wherein: the DMRS pattern is one of a plurality of DMRS patterns based on the duration of the symbols of the time slot scheduled for the transmission of the PSSCH and the associated PSCCH, and each DMRS pattern among the plurality of DMRS patterns is associated with a single SL-PRS resource.

[0239] Clause 11. The method according to any one of Clauses 1 to 10, wherein the at least one SL-PRS resource is associated with the DMRS pattern for the time slot in a pre-configured table for the UE.

[0240] Clause 12. The method according to any one of Clauses 1 to 11, wherein the pattern of the at least one SL-PRS resource is based on the number of the plurality of DMRSs and the duration of the symbols of the time slot scheduled for the transmission of the PSSCH.

[0241] Clause 13. The method according to any one of Clauses 1 to 12, wherein: the DMRS pattern is one of a plurality of DMRS patterns based on the duration of the symbols of the time slot scheduled for transmission of the PSSCH and the associated PSCCH, the at least one SL-PRS resource is included in an SL-PRS resource set, and the SL-PRS resource set is one of a plurality of SL-PRS resource sets associated with each of the plurality of DMRS patterns.

[0242] Clause 14. The method according to Clause 13, wherein the SL-PRS resource set is selected from the plurality of SL-PRS resource sets based on that the SL-PRS resources in the SL-PRS resource set do not conflict with any symbol of the DMRS pattern.

[0243] Clause 15. The method according to any one of Clauses 1 to 14, wherein: the DMRS pattern is one of a plurality of DMRS patterns based on the duration of the symbols of the time slot scheduled for transmission of the PSSCH and the associated PSCCH, and the one symbol or the two or more consecutive symbols do not conflict with any symbol of the plurality of DMRS patterns.

[0244] Clause 16. The method according to any one of Clauses 1 to 15, wherein the one symbol or the two or more consecutive symbols do not conflict with any symbol scheduled for the PSCCH.

[0245] Clause 17. A user equipment (UE), the UE comprising: one or more memories; one or more transceivers; and one or more processors communicatively coupled to the one or more memories and the one or more transceivers, the one or more processors configured, individually or in combination, to: receive, via the one or more transceivers, a configuration of at least one sidelink positioning reference signal (SL-PRS) resource for a sidelink resource pool; transmit, via the one or more transceivers, a plurality of demodulation reference signals (DMRS) in a time slot according to a DMRS pattern for the time slot of the sidelink resource pool, wherein the DMRS pattern is based on a duration of symbols of the time slot scheduled for transmission of a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) and an associated physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH); and transmit, via the one or more transceivers, the at least one SL-PRS resource in the time slot, wherein the at least one SL-PRS resource comprises one symbol or two or more consecutive symbols of the time slot, and wherein the one symbol or the two or more consecutive symbols of the time slot do not conflict with any symbol of the DMRS pattern.

[0246] Clause 18. The UE according to clause 17, wherein the one or more processors are further configured, individually or in combination, to: transmit, via the one or more transceivers, a first sidelink control information (SCI) indicating the DMRS pattern; and transmit, via the one or more transceivers, a second SCI indicating the at least one SL-PRS resource.

[0247] Clause 19. The UE according to clause 18, wherein: the second SCI comprises a plurality of bits corresponding to a plurality of SL-PRS resources, the plurality of SL-PRS resources comprising the at least one SL-PRS resource, and at least one bit of the plurality of bits corresponding to the at least one SL-PRS resource is activated to indicate that the at least one SL-PRS resource is transmitted.

[0248] Clause 20. The UE according to any one of clauses 18 to 19, wherein: the at least one SL-PRS resource is included in an SL-PRS resource set, the SL-PRS resource set being one of a plurality of SL-PRS resource sets configured for the UE, the second SCI comprises a plurality of bits corresponding to the plurality of SL-PRS resource sets, and the bit corresponding to the SL-PRS resource set among the plurality of bits is activated to indicate that the SL-PRS resource set is transmitted.

[0249] Clause 21. The UE according to any one of Clauses 18 to 20, wherein: the first SCI includes a first-level SCI (SCI-1), and the second SCI includes a second-level SCI (SCI-2).

[0250] Clause 22. The UE according to any one of Clauses 17 to 21, wherein: the at least one SL-PRS resource includes a plurality of SL-PRS resources, and the symbol offset of each SL-PRS resource among the plurality of SL-PRS resources except for the first-occurring SL-PRS resource among the plurality of SL-PRS resources is related to the symbol offset of the first-occurring SL-PRS resource.

[0251] Clause 23. The UE according to any one of Clauses 17 to 22, wherein the configuration is received via: radio resource control (RRC) signaling, or sidelink medium access control control element (SL-MAC-CE) signaling.

[0252] Clause 24. The UE according to any one of Clauses 17 to 23, wherein: the plurality of DMRS are transmitted with a first transmission power, on a first bandwidth, or in both cases, and the at least one SL-PRS resource is transmitted with a second transmission power different from the first transmission power, on a second bandwidth different from the first bandwidth, or in both cases.

[0253] Clause 25. The UE according to any one of Clauses 17 to 24, wherein the one or more processors are further configured, individually or in combination, to transmit automatic gain control (AGC) symbols via the one or more transceivers before the at least one SL-PRS resource.

[0254] Clause 26. The UE according to any one of Clauses 17 to 25, wherein: the DMRS pattern is one of a plurality of DMRS patterns based on the duration of the symbols scheduled for transmission of the PSSCH and the associated PSCCH in the time slot, and each DMRS pattern among the plurality of DMRS patterns is associated with a single SL-PRS resource.

[0255] Clause 27. The UE according to any one of Clauses 17 to 26, wherein the at least one SL-PRS resource is associated with the DMRS pattern for the time slot in a table pre-configured for the UE.

[0256] Clause 28. The UE according to any one of Clauses 17 to 27, wherein the pattern of the at least one SL-PRS resource is based on the number of the plurality of DMRS and the duration of the symbols scheduled for transmission of the PSSCH in the time slot.

[0257] Clause 29. The UE according to any one of Clauses 17 to 28, wherein: the DMRS pattern is one of a plurality of DMRS patterns based on the duration of the symbols of the time slot scheduled for transmission of the PSSCH and the associated PSCCH, the at least one SL-PRS resource is included in an SL-PRS resource set, and the SL-PRS resource set is one of a plurality of SL-PRS resource sets associated with each of the plurality of DMRS patterns.

[0258] Clause 30. The UE according to Clause 29, wherein the SL-PRS resource set is selected from the plurality of SL-PRS resource sets based on that the SL-PRS resources in the SL-PRS resource set do not conflict with any symbol of the DMRS pattern.

[0259] Clause 31. The UE according to any one of Clauses 17 to 30, wherein: the DMRS pattern is one of a plurality of DMRS patterns based on the duration of the symbols of the time slot scheduled for transmission of the PSSCH and the associated PSCCH, and the one symbol or the two or more consecutive symbols do not conflict with any symbol of the plurality of DMRS patterns.

[0260] Clause 32. The UE according to any one of Clauses 17 to 31, wherein the one symbol or the two or more consecutive symbols do not conflict with any symbol scheduled for the PSCCH.

[0261] Clause 33. A user equipment (UE), the user equipment (UE) comprising: means for receiving configuration of at least one sidelink positioning reference signal (SL-PRS) resource for a sidelink resource pool; means for transmitting a plurality of DMRSs in the time slot according to a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) pattern of the time slot for the sidelink resource pool, wherein the DMRS pattern is based on the duration of the symbols of the time slot scheduled for transmission of a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) and an associated physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH); and means for transmitting the at least one SL-PRS resource in the time slot, wherein the at least one SL-PRS resource comprises one symbol or two or more consecutive symbols of the time slot, and wherein the one symbol or the two or more consecutive symbols of the time slot do not conflict with any symbol of the DMRS pattern.

[0262] Clause 34. The UE according to Clause 33, the UE further comprising: components for sending first sidelink control information (SCI) indicating the DMRS mode; and components for sending second SCI indicating the at least one SL-PRS resource.

[0263] Clause 35. The UE according to Clause 34, wherein: the second SCI includes a plurality of bits corresponding to a plurality of SL-PRS resources, the plurality of SL-PRS resources includes the at least one SL-PRS resource, and at least one bit corresponding to the at least one SL-PRS resource among the plurality of bits is activated to indicate that the at least one SL-PRS resource is being sent.

[0264] Clause 36. The UE according to any one of Clauses 34 to 35, wherein: the at least one SL-PRS resource is included in an SL-PRS resource set, the SL-PRS resource set is one of a plurality of SL-PRS resource sets configured for the UE, the second SCI includes a plurality of bits corresponding to the plurality of SL-PRS resource sets, and the bit corresponding to the SL-PRS resource set among the plurality of bits is activated to indicate that the SL-PRS resource set is being sent.

[0265] Clause 37. The UE according to any one of Clauses 34 to 36, wherein: the first SCI includes a first-level SCI (SCI-1), and the second SCI includes a second-level SCI (SCI-2).

[0266] Clause 38. The UE according to any one of Clauses 33 to 37, wherein: the at least one SL-PRS resource includes a plurality of SL-PRS resources, and the symbol offset of each SL-PRS resource among the plurality of SL-PRS resources except for the first-occurring SL-PRS resource among the plurality of SL-PRS resources is related to the symbol offset of the first-occurring SL-PRS resource.

[0267] Clause 39. The UE according to any one of Clauses 33 to 38, wherein the configuration is received via: radio resource control (RRC) signaling, or sidelink media access control control element (SL-MAC-CE) signaling.

[0268] Clause 40. The UE according to any one of Clauses 33 to 39, wherein: the plurality of DMRS are sent at a first transmission power, over a first bandwidth, or in both cases, and the at least one SL-PRS resource is sent at a second transmission power different from the first transmission power, over a second bandwidth different from the first bandwidth, or in both cases.

[0269] Clause 41. The UE according to any one of Clauses 33 to 40, the UE further comprising: a component for transmitting an automatic gain control (AGC) symbol before the at least one SL-PRS resource.

[0270] Clause 42. The UE according to any one of Clauses 33 to 41, wherein: the DMRS pattern is one of a plurality of DMRS patterns based on the duration of the symbols scheduled for transmission of the PSSCH and the associated PSCCH in the time slot, and each DMRS pattern in the plurality of DMRS patterns is associated with a single SL-PRS resource.

[0271] Clause 43. The UE according to any one of Clauses 33 to 42, wherein the at least one SL-PRS resource is associated with the DMRS pattern for the time slot in a table pre-configured for the UE.

[0272] Clause 44. The UE according to any one of Clauses 33 to 43, wherein the pattern of the at least one SL-PRS resource is based on the number of the plurality of DMRSs and the duration of the symbols scheduled for transmission of the PSSCH in the time slot.

[0273] Clause 45. The UE according to any one of Clauses 33 to 44, wherein: the DMRS pattern is one of a plurality of DMRS patterns based on the duration of the symbols scheduled for transmission of the PSSCH and the associated PSCCH in the time slot, the at least one SL-PRS resource is included in an SL-PRS resource set, and the SL-PRS resource set is one of a plurality of SL-PRS resource sets associated with each DMRS pattern in the plurality of DMRS patterns.

[0274] Clause 46. The UE according to Clause 45, wherein the SL-PRS resource set is selected from the plurality of SL-PRS resource sets based on that the SL-PRS resources in the SL-PRS resource set do not conflict with any symbols of the DMRS pattern.

[0275] Clause 47. The UE according to any one of Clauses 33 to 46, wherein: the DMRS pattern is one of a plurality of DMRS patterns based on the duration of the symbols scheduled for transmission of the PSSCH and the associated PSCCH in the time slot, and the one symbol or the two or more consecutive symbols do not conflict with any symbols of the plurality of DMRS patterns.

[0276] Clause 48. The UE according to any one of Clauses 33 to 47, wherein the one symbol or the two or more consecutive symbols do not conflict with any symbol scheduled for the PSCCH.

[0277] Clause 49. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing computer-executable instructions that, when executed by a user equipment (UE), cause the UE to: receive a configuration of at least one sidelink positioning reference signal (SL-PRS) resource for a sidelink resource pool; transmit a plurality of demodulation reference signals (DMRS) in a time slot according to a DMRS pattern for the time slot of the sidelink resource pool, wherein the DMRS pattern is based on a duration of symbols scheduled for transmission of a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) and an associated physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) in the time slot; and transmit the at least one SL-PRS resource in the time slot, wherein the at least one SL-PRS resource comprises one symbol or two or more consecutive symbols of the time slot, and wherein the one symbol or the two or more consecutive symbols of the time slot do not conflict with any symbol of the DMRS pattern.

[0278] Clause 50. The non-transitory computer-readable medium according to Clause 49, the non-transitory computer-readable medium further comprising computer-executable instructions that, when executed by the UE, cause the UE to: transmit a first sidelink control information (SCI) indicating the DMRS pattern; and transmit a second SCI indicating the at least one SL-PRS resource.

[0279] Clause 51. The non-transitory computer-readable medium according to Clause 50, wherein: the second SCI comprises a plurality of bits corresponding to a plurality of SL-PRS resources, the plurality of SL-PRS resources comprising the at least one SL-PRS resource, and at least one bit of the plurality of bits corresponding to the at least one SL-PRS resource is activated to indicate that the at least one SL-PRS resource is transmitted.

[0280] Clause 52. The non-transitory computer-readable medium according to any one of Clauses 50 to 51, wherein: the at least one SL-PRS resource is included in an SL-PRS resource set, the SL-PRS resource set being one of a plurality of SL-PRS resource sets configured for the UE, the second SCI comprises a plurality of bits corresponding to the plurality of SL-PRS resource sets, and a bit corresponding to the SL-PRS resource set among the plurality of bits is activated to indicate that the SL-PRS resource set is transmitted.

[0281] Clause 53. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of any one of clauses 50 to 52, wherein: the first SCI comprises a first-level SCI (SCI-1), and the second SCI comprises a second-level SCI (SCI-2).

[0282] Clause 54. A non-transitory computer-readable medium according to any one of clauses 49 to 53, wherein: the at least one SL-PRS resource includes multiple SL-PRS resources, and the symbol offset of each SL-PRS resource in the multiple SL-PRS resources except the first occurring SL-PRS resource in the multiple SL-PRS resources is related to the symbol offset of the first occurring SL-PRS resource.

[0283] Clause 55. A non-transitory computer-readable medium as described in any of clauses 49 to 54, wherein the configuration is received via: radio resource control (RRC) signaling, or sidelink medium access control control element (SL-MAC-CE) signaling.

[0284] Clause 56. A non-transitory computer-readable medium according to any one of clauses 49 to 55, wherein: the multiple DMRS are transmitted at a first transmit power, on a first bandwidth, or both, and the at least one SL-PRS resource is transmitted at a second transmit power different from the first transmit power, on a second bandwidth different from the first bandwidth, or both.

[0285] Clause 57. A non-transitory computer-readable medium according to any one of clauses 49 to 56, wherein the non-transitory computer-readable medium further comprises computer-executable instructions which, when executed by the UE, cause the UE to: send an automatic gain control (AGC) symbol prior to the at least one SL-PRS resource.

[0286] Clause 58. A non-transitory computer-readable medium according to any one of clauses 49 to 57, wherein: the DMRS pattern is one DMRS pattern among a plurality of DMRS patterns based on the duration of the symbols scheduled for transmission of the PSSCH and the associated PSCCH in the time slot, and each DMRS pattern in the plurality of DMRS patterns is associated with a single SL-PRS resource.

[0287] Clause 59. A non-transitory computer-readable medium as described in any of clauses 49 to 58, wherein the at least one SL-PRS resource is associated with the DMRS pattern for the time slot in a table preconfigured to the UE.

[0288] Clause 60. The non-transitory computer-readable medium according to any one of Clauses 49 to 59, wherein the pattern of the at least one SL-PRS resource is based on the number of the plurality of DMRSs and the duration of the symbols of the time slot that are scheduled for transmission of the PSSCH.

[0289] Clause 61. The non-transitory computer-readable medium according to any one of Clauses 49 to 60, wherein: the DMRS pattern is one of a plurality of DMRS patterns based on the duration of the symbols of the time slot that are scheduled for transmission of the PSSCH and the associated PSCCH, the at least one SL-PRS resource is included in an SL-PRS resource set, and the SL-PRS resource set is one of a plurality of SL-PRS resource sets associated with each of the plurality of DMRS patterns.

[0290] Clause 62. The non-transitory computer-readable medium according to Clause 61, wherein the SL-PRS resource set is selected from the plurality of SL-PRS resource sets based on that the SL-PRS resources in the SL-PRS resource set do not conflict with any symbols of the DMRS pattern.

[0291] Clause 63. The non-transitory computer-readable medium according to any one of Clauses 49 to 62, wherein: the DMRS pattern is one of a plurality of DMRS patterns based on the duration of the symbols of the time slot that are scheduled for transmission of the PSSCH and the associated PSCCH, and the one symbol or the two or more consecutive symbols do not conflict with any symbols of the plurality of DMRS patterns.

[0292] Clause 64. The non-transitory computer-readable medium according to any one of Clauses 49 to 63, wherein the one symbol or the two or more consecutive symbols do not conflict with any symbols scheduled for the PSCCH.

[0293] Those skilled in the art should understand that information and signals can be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and methods. For example, the data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referred to throughout the above description may be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or optical particles, or any combination thereof.

[0294] In addition, those skilled in the art should understand that the various illustrative logical blocks, modules, circuits, and algorithmic steps described in connection with the aspects disclosed herein can be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software, the various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and the design constraints imposed on the overall system. Those skilled in the art may implement the described functionality in different ways for each particular application, but such specific implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0295] The various illustrative logical blocks, modules, and circuits described in connection with the aspects disclosed herein can be implemented or executed with a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, such as a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.

[0296] The methods, sequences, and / or algorithms described in connection with the aspects disclosed herein can be embodied directly in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a combination of both. The software module may reside in random access memory (RAM), flash memory, read only memory (ROM), erasable programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), registers, a hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. An example storage medium is coupled to the processor such that the processor can read information from, and write information to, the storage medium. In the alternative, the storage medium may be integral to the processor. The processor and the storage medium may reside in an ASIC. The ASIC may reside in a user terminal (e.g., a UE). In the alternative, the processor and the storage medium may reside as discrete components in a user terminal.

[0297] In one or more example aspects, the functionality may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software, the functionality may be stored on or transmitted via a computer-readable medium as one or more instructions or code. Computer-readable media includes both computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. A storage media may be any available media that is accessible by a computer. By way of example, and not limitation, such computer-readable media can comprise RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that is accessible by a computer. Also, any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if the software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, then the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of medium. As used herein, disk and disc include compact disc (CD), laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD), floppy disk, and Blu-ray disc where disks typically reproduce data magnetically, while discs reproduce data optically using lasers. Combinations of the above should also be included within the scope of computer-readable media.

[0298] While the foregoing discloses illustrative aspects of the present disclosure, it should be noted that various changes and modifications can be made herein without departing from the scope of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims. For example, the functions, steps, and / or acts of the method claims according to aspects of the present disclosure described herein need not be performed in any particular order. Additionally, any component, function, act, or instruction described or claimed herein should not be construed as critical or essential unless explicitly described as such. Further, as used herein, the terms "set," "group," etc. are intended to include one or more of the recited elements. Additionally, as used herein, the terms "having," "comprising," "including," etc. do not exclude the presence of one or more additional elements (e.g., an element having A may also have B). Further, the phrase "based on" is intended to mean "at least partially based on" unless otherwise explicitly stated. Moreover, as used herein, the term "or" when used in a series is intended to be open-ended and may be interchangeable with "and / or" unless otherwise explicitly stated (e.g., if used in conjunction with "either" or "only one"), or the alternatives are mutually exclusive (e.g., "one or more" should not be construed as "one and more"). Additionally, although components, functions, acts, and instructions may be described or claimed in the singular, the plural form may also be contemplated unless explicitly limited to the singular form. Thus, as used herein, the articles "a," "an," "the," and "said" are intended to include one or more of the recited elements. Additionally, as used herein, the terms "at least one" and "one or more" include "one" component, function, act, or instruction that performs or is capable of performing the described or claimed functionality, and also include "two or more" components, functions, acts, or instructions that perform or are capable of performing the described or claimed functionality in combination.

Claims

1. A method of wireless communication performed by a user equipment (UE), the method comprises: receiving a configuration of at least one sidelink positioning reference signal (SL-PRS) resource for a sidelink resource pool; transmitting a plurality of demodulation reference signals (DMRS) in a time slot according to a DMRS pattern for the time slot of the sidelink resource pool, wherein the DMRS pattern is based on a duration of symbols of the time slot scheduled for transmission of a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) and an associated physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH); and transmitting the at least one SL-PRS resource in the time slot, wherein the at least one SL-PRS resource comprises one symbol or two or more consecutive symbols of the time slot, and wherein the one symbol or the two or more consecutive symbols of the time slot do not conflict with any symbol of the DMRS pattern.

2. The method according to claim 1, the method further comprises: transmitting a first sidelink control information (SCI) indicating the DMRS pattern; and transmitting a second SCI indicating the at least one SL-PRS resource.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein: the second SCI comprises a plurality of bits corresponding to a plurality of SL-PRS resources, the plurality of SL-PRS resources comprising the at least one SL-PRS resource, and at least one bit of the plurality of bits corresponding to the at least one SL-PRS resource is activated to indicate that the at least one SL-PRS resource is transmitted.

4. The method according to claim 2, wherein: the at least one SL-PRS resource is included in an SL-PRS resource set, the SL-PRS resource set is one of a plurality of SL-PRS resource sets configured for the UE, the second SCI comprises a plurality of bits corresponding to the plurality of SL-PRS resource sets, and a bit corresponding to the SL-PRS resource set of the plurality of bits is activated to indicate that the SL-PRS resource set is transmitted.

5. The method according to claim 2, wherein: the first SCI comprises a first-level SCI (SCI-1), and the second SCI comprises a second-level SCI (SCI-2).

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein: the at least one SL-PRS resource comprises a plurality of SL-PRS resources, and a symbol offset of each SL-PRS resource among the plurality of SL-PRS resources except for a first-occurring SL-PRS resource among the plurality of SL-PRS resources is related to a symbol offset of the first-occurring SL-PRS resource.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the configuration is received via: radio resource control (RRC) signaling, or sidelink media access control control element (SL-MAC-CE) signaling.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein: the plurality of DMRS are transmitted with a first transmission power, over a first bandwidth, or in both cases, and The at least one SL-PRS resource is transmitted with a second transmission power different from the first transmission power, on a second bandwidth different from the first bandwidth, or both of these cases.

9. The method according to claim 1, the method further comprises: transmitting an automatic gain control (AGC) symbol before the at least one SL-PRS resource.

10. The method according to claim 1, wherein: the DMRS pattern is one of a plurality of DMRS patterns based on the duration of the symbols of the time slot scheduled for transmission of the PSSCH and the associated PSCCH, and each DMRS pattern of the plurality of DMRS patterns is associated with a single SL-PRS resource.

11. The method according to claim 1, wherein the at least one SL-PRS resource is associated with the DMRS pattern for the time slot in a table pre-configured for the UE.

12. The method according to claim 1, wherein the pattern of the at least one SL-PRS resource is based on the number of the plurality of DMRSs and the duration of the symbols of the time slot scheduled for transmission of the PSSCH.

13. The method according to claim 1, wherein: the DMRS pattern is one of a plurality of DMRS patterns based on the duration of the symbols of the time slot scheduled for transmission of the PSSCH and the associated PSCCH, the at least one SL-PRS resource is included in an SL-PRS resource set, and the SL-PRS resource set is one of a plurality of SL-PRS resource sets associated with each DMRS pattern of the plurality of DMRS patterns.

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein the SL-PRS resource set is selected from the plurality of SL-PRS resource sets based on that the SL-PRS resources in the SL-PRS resource set do not conflict with any symbols of the DMRS pattern.

15. The method according to claim 1, wherein: the DMRS pattern is one of a plurality of DMRS patterns based on the duration of the symbols of the time slot scheduled for transmission of the PSSCH and the associated PSCCH, and the one symbol or the two or more consecutive symbols do not conflict with any symbols of the plurality of DMRS patterns.

16. The method according to claim 1, wherein the one symbol or the two or more consecutive symbols do not conflict with any symbols scheduled for the PSCCH.

17. A user equipment (UE), the user equipment (UE) comprises: one or more memories; one or more transceivers; and one or more processors, the one or more processors being communicatively coupled to the one or more memories and the one or more transceivers, the one or more processors being configured individually or in combination to: Receiving, via the one or more transceivers, configuration of at least one sidelink positioning reference signal (SL-PRS) resource for a sidelink resource pool; Transmitting, via the one or more transceivers, a plurality of demodulation reference signals (DMRS) in the time slot according to a DMRS pattern for the time slot of the sidelink resource pool, wherein the DMRS pattern is based on a duration of symbols of the time slot scheduled for transmission of a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) and an associated physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH); And Transmitting, via the one or more transceivers, the at least one SL-PRS resource in the time slot, wherein the at least one SL-PRS resource comprises one symbol or two or more consecutive symbols of the time slot, and wherein the one symbol or the two or more consecutive symbols of the time slot do not conflict with any symbol of the DMRS pattern.

18. The UE according to claim 17, wherein the one or more processors are further configured, individually or in combination, to: Transmit, via the one or more transceivers, a first sidelink control information (SCI) indicating the DMRS pattern; and Transmit, via the one or more transceivers, a second SCI indicating the at least one SL-PRS resource.

19. The UE according to claim 17, Wherein: The at least one SL-PRS resource comprises a plurality of SL-PRS resources, and A symbol offset of each SL-PRS resource among the plurality of SL-PRS resources except for a first-occurring SL-PRS resource among the plurality of SL-PRS resources is related to a symbol offset of the first-occurring SL-PRS resource.

20. The UE according to claim 17, wherein the configuration is received via: Radio resource control (RRC) signaling, or Sidelink media access control control element (SL-MAC-CE) signaling.

21. The UE according to claim 17, Wherein: The plurality of DMRS are transmitted with a first transmit power, over a first bandwidth, or in both cases, and The at least one SL-PRS resource is transmitted with a second transmit power different from the first transmit power, over a second bandwidth different from the first bandwidth, or in both cases.

22. The UE according to claim 17, wherein the one or more processors are further configured, individually or in combination, to: Transmit, via the one or more transceivers, an automatic gain control (AGC) symbol before the at least one SL-PRS resource.

23. The UE according to claim 17, Wherein: The DMRS pattern is one DMRS pattern among a plurality of DMRS patterns based on the duration of symbols of the time slot scheduled for transmission of the PSSCH and the associated PSCCH, and Each DMRS pattern among the plurality of DMRS patterns is associated with a single SL-PRS resource.

24. The UE according to claim 17, wherein the at least one SL-PRS resource is associated with the DMRS pattern for the time slot in a table pre-configured for the UE.

25. The UE according to claim 17, wherein the pattern of the at least one SL-PRS resource is based on the number of the plurality of DMRSs and the duration of the symbols of the time slot scheduled for transmission of the PSSCH.

26. The UE according to claim 17, wherein: the DMRS pattern is one of a plurality of DMRS patterns based on the duration of the symbols of the time slot scheduled for transmission of the PSSCH and the associated PSCCH, the at least one SL-PRS resource is included in an SL-PRS resource set, and the SL-PRS resource set is one of a plurality of SL-PRS resource sets associated with each of the plurality of DMRS patterns.

27. The UE according to claim 17, wherein: the DMRS pattern is one of a plurality of DMRS patterns based on the duration of the symbols of the time slot scheduled for transmission of the PSSCH and the associated PSCCH, and the one symbol or the two or more consecutive symbols do not conflict with any symbol of the plurality of DMRS patterns.

28. The UE according to claim 17, wherein the one symbol or the two or more consecutive symbols do not conflict with any symbol scheduled for the PSCCH.

29. A user equipment (UE), the user equipment (UE) comprising: means for receiving a configuration of at least one sidelink positioning reference signal (SL-PRS) resource for a sidelink resource pool; means for transmitting a plurality of DMRSs in the time slot according to a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) pattern of the time slot for the sidelink resource pool, wherein the DMRS pattern is based on the duration of the symbols of the time slot scheduled for transmission of a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) and an associated physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH); and means for transmitting the at least one SL-PRS resource in the time slot, wherein the at least one SL-PRS resource comprises one symbol or two or more consecutive symbols of the time slot, and wherein the one symbol or the two or more consecutive symbols of the time slot do not conflict with any symbol of the DMRS pattern.

30. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing computer-executable instructions that, when executed by a user equipment (UE), cause the UE to: receive a configuration of at least one sidelink positioning reference signal (SL-PRS) resource for a sidelink resource pool; Transmit a plurality of demodulation reference signals (DMRS) in the time slot according to a DMRS pattern for the time slot of the sidelink resource pool, wherein the DMRS pattern is based on the duration of symbols of the time slot that are scheduled for transmission of a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) and an associated physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH); and Transmit the at least one SL-PRS resource in the time slot, wherein the at least one SL-PRS resource comprises one symbol or two or more consecutive symbols of the time slot, and wherein the one symbol or the two or more consecutive symbols of the time slot do not conflict with any symbol of the DMRS pattern.

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