Detection device and method for transcranial electrical stimulation intracranial vector electric field

Abstract

The invention discloses a transcranial electrical stimulation intracranial vector electric field detection device and method, and belongs to the transcranial electrical stimulation intracranial electric field detection technology, the device inputs an individual head model in a stimulation system, sets a target spot and calculates transcranial electrical stimulation parameters; the implantation position and angle of the vector detection electrode are planned through the navigation system, electrical stimulation is applied to a brain target area through the stimulation electrode, and intracranial electric signals are collected in real time through the vector detection electrode; performing high-precision amplification on the acquired weak signal, and converting the weak signal into a digital signal; the collected electric field signals are calculated and processed in real time, and electric field distribution generated by transcranial electrical stimulation in the brain is analyzed and visualized; according to the method, time domain and frequency domain analysis is carried out on electric signals before and after stimulation, the influence of stimulation on neural signals in a detection area is evaluated, and high-precision measurement of the intensity and direction of a three-dimensional electric field is achieved through the design of a high-precision and multi-layer vector detection electrode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of intracranial electric field detection technology, and particularly relates to a detection device and method for transcranial electrical stimulation of intracranial vector electric fields. Background Art

[0002] With the progress of technology, electric fields have been widely used in many fields such as medicine, materials science, and electronic engineering. Especially in the field of neuromodulation, the application of electric fields has gradually become a research hotspot. With the continuous development of technology, how to accurately measure and control the distribution of electric fields, especially precise regulation in neuromodulation, has become a key problem to be solved urgently. Currently, intracranial electrical signal detection devices can mainly measure intracranial electrical signals at specific spatial positions and in a single direction, such as the Chinese patents "Intracranial Deep Electrodes and Medical Devices" (application number CN201710534969.0) and "A Stereotactic Electroencephalogram Electrode" (application number CN202121973912.9), lacking the ability to accurately measure the three-dimensional distribution of electrical signals, which limits their application in complex neural networks.

[0003] In recent years, with the continuous innovation of neuromodulation technologies, the role of the directionality of electric fields in electrical stimulation has become increasingly important. Research has shown that the directionality of electric fields significantly affects the neuromodulation effect, especially in technologies such as transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), deep brain stimulation (DBS), and transcranial electrical stimulation (TES). For example, the direction of the TMS electric field has a significant impact on the activation of cortical neurons. It has been found that a coil orientation of 45° relative to the midline can optimize the enhancement of motor evoked potentials (MEPs). Similarly, in mouse studies, controlling the direction of the DBS electric field can effectively regulate the responses of structures such as the corpus callosum, promoting the further development of directional stimulation. The effects of electric field direction on neurobehavior and electrophysiology stem from its actions on neurons, neural networks, and functional connectivity. Aligning the transcranial direct current Stimulation (tDCS) electric field with the cortical laminar structure can significantly increase the firing rate of neurons, especially when aligned with the axon direction, and this result has been verified through neurophysiological recordings. In temporal interference stimulation (TIS) studies, when the electric field is aligned with the target nerve fibers (such as the Schaffer collateral in the hippocampus), it can effectively reduce the current threshold for inducing seizure-like events (SLEs). In contrast, a perpendicular alignment requires a higher current threshold. The above studies indicate that the electric field direction plays a crucial role in neuromodulation technologies that rely on electric field interactions, especially in TIS.

[0004] Directional stimulation electrodes have currently been cited in DBS stimulation, such as the Chinese patents "Direction Identification Electrode and Stimulation System" (application number CN202411533725.7) and "Implantable Directional Stimulation Electrode" (application number CN202121182014.1). However, current electric field measurement technologies still mostly rely on static electric field measurement methods, which have limitations such as a narrow measurement range, low precision, and the inability to perform dynamic measurements. In addition, traditional electric field measurement devices lack flexible adaptability to the measurement area and the ability to amplify weak signals with high precision. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new type of electric field measurement device, especially an implantable, high-precision three-dimensional vector electrode that can achieve accurate electric field signal measurement, flexible data acquisition, and high-precision data restoration in three-dimensional space, so as to meet the growing application needs in the field of neuromodulation and promote the further development of neuromodulation technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a detection device and method for transcranial electrical stimulation of the intracranial vector electric field. By combining multiple advanced technologies, the deficiencies of existing intracranial signal detection devices in terms of measurement accuracy, flexibility, and the ability to detect weak signals are addressed. The device can comprehensively collect electric field signals in three-dimensional space and, through computer processing, restore the three-dimensional distribution map of the electric field, achieving high-precision measurement of the electric field strength and direction.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A detection device for transcranial electrical stimulation of the intracranial vector electric field, comprising:

[0008] A stimulation system for inputting an individual's MRI or CT to create an individual head model, setting a target target point, calculating transcranial electrical stimulation parameters, and generating stimulation signals;

[0009] Stimulation electrodes for applying electrical stimulation signals to the target target point, having multiple independently controllable stimulation channels, and the position and parameters of each stimulation channel are calculated by the stimulation system;

[0010] Vector detection electrodes for detecting intracranial electrical stimulation signals, including multiple detection contacts, and each detection contact independently collects electric field signals;

[0011] A precision signal amplification module for highly precisely amplifying the weak electric field signals collected by the vector detection electrodes;

[0012] A signal acquisition device for receiving the highly precisely amplified electric field signals and converting them into digital signals;

[0013] An electric field analysis module for performing real-time calculation and processing on the digital signals, analyzing and visualizing the electric field distribution (including the magnitude and direction of the electric field) generated by transcranial electrical stimulation in the brain;

[0014] An electroencephalogram analysis module: comprehensively analyzing the electrical signals before and after stimulation in the time domain and frequency domain, extracting effective information and filtering out noise, evaluating the impact of the stimulation on the nerve signals in the detection area, and further analyzing the effectiveness of the stimulation.

[0015] A navigation system for planning the implantation position and angle of the vector detection electrodes according to the individual head model created from the individual's MRI or CT.

[0016] Furthermore, the vector detection electrodes are in a cuboid shape, and several vertically arranged detection contacts are respectively provided on four side faces, forming a multi-level detection contact structure.

[0017] Further, the positions of a plurality of detection contacts included in each side surface correspond one by one in the vertical direction, that is, the ordinates are the same. In this way, a ring-shaped detection layer formed by a plurality of detection contacts is formed in the vertical direction, and a multi-layer detection contact is formed by a plurality of ring-shaped detection layers.

[0018] Further, the vector detection electrode includes a plurality of detection contacts, and each detection contact is made of a platinum-iridium alloy material, and the surface is roughened and a nano-scale structure is added.

[0019] Further, the cuboid substrate of the vector detection electrode is made of polyimide material.

[0020] Further, an electromagnetic induction element is provided at the end of the vector detection electrode for cooperating with the navigation system to real-time feedback the position and angle information of the vector detection electrode.

[0021] Further, the distance between two adjacent detection contacts on each side surface is 1 mm, the size of a single detection contact is 0.4 0.5 mm, and the side width is 1 mm.

[0022] Further, the electric field analysis module adopts time-domain and frequency-domain analysis algorithms, and optimizes the accuracy of the electric field model by comparing the actually detected electric field with the simulated electric field.

[0023] Further, the electroencephalogram analysis module extracts effective information and filters out noise through comprehensive analysis in the time domain and frequency domain, and evaluates the influence of the stimulus on the nerve signals in the detection area.

[0024] On the other hand, the present invention provides a method for detecting an intracranial vector electric field of transcranial electrical stimulation, including the following steps:

[0025] Obtain the MRI or CT image data of the patient, input the individual head model into the stimulation system, set the target area and calculate the transcranial electrical stimulation parameters;

[0026] Plan the implantation position and angle of the vector detection electrode through the navigation system, and implant the vector detection electrode into the target area of the brain;

[0027] Start the stimulation system, apply electrical stimulation to the target area of the brain through the stimulation electrode, and simultaneously collect intracranial electrical signals in real time through the vector detection electrode;

[0028] High-precision amplification of the weak signals collected through the precision signal amplification module, and conversion of the analog signals into digital signals through the signal acquisition device;

[0029] Perform real-time calculation and processing on the collected electric field signals through the electric field analysis module, and analyze and visualize the electric field distribution generated by transcranial electrical stimulation in the brain;

[0030] The electroencephalogram analysis module performs time-domain and frequency-domain analyses on the electrical signals before and after stimulation to evaluate the impact of the stimulation on the neural signals in the detection area;

[0031] Based on the results of the electric field analysis module and the electroencephalogram analysis module, optimize the stimulation parameters and adjust the stimulation strategy.

[0032] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0033] High-precision measurement: By adopting the innovative design of multi-channel stimulation electrodes and multi-level vector detection electrodes, high-precision measurement of the three-dimensional electric field intensity and direction is achieved, improving the spatial resolution and data reliability.

[0034] Optimized vector detection electrode structure: Compared with the annular vector structure, the square vector detection electrode increases the detection contact spacing, effectively reducing the measurement error. By using orthogonally arranged contacts, the potential difference in different directions can be directly obtained without complex geometric conversion, improving the accuracy of directional measurement.

[0035] Ultra-small contact area and high-density contact arrangement: The contacts are designed with an ultra-small area and combined with a high-density distribution, significantly improving the resolution of electric field measurement and enabling more refined signal acquisition.

[0036] Nanoscale structure: The nanoscale structure design is adopted to enhance the effective contact area of the contacts, further improving the stability and accuracy of the measurement signals.

[0037] Flexibility and personalization: The positions and parameters of the stimulation electrodes and vector detection electrodes can be flexibly adjusted according to the individual anatomical structure and clinical needs to meet the personalized treatment requirements.

[0038] Weak signal detection ability: The precision signal amplification module and signal acquisition device can effectively capture and amplify weak electric field signals, ensuring the integrity and accuracy of the data.

[0039] Wide applicability: This device is applicable to various neuromodulation techniques (such as tDCS, tACS, TIS, etc.) and has broad application prospects in clinical research and treatment. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0040] Figure 1 It is a structural block diagram of a detection device for intracranial vector electric fields of transcranial electrical stimulation according to the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the spatial implantation structure of a detection device for intracranial vector electric fields of transcranial electrical stimulation according to the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the spatial structure of the vector detection electrode of a detection device for intracranial vector electric fields of transcranial electrical stimulation according to the present invention;

[0043] Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the vector detection electrode of a detection device for the intracranial vector electric field of transcranial electrical stimulation according to the present invention.

[0044] Reference numerals:

[0045] 1. Stimulation system; 2a. First stimulation channel; 2b. Second stimulation channel; 2c. Third stimulation channel; 2d. Fourth stimulation channel; 3. Vector detection electrode; 3a. First detection contact; 3b. Second detection contact; 3c. Third detection contact; 3d. Fourth detection contact; 3e. Fifth detection contact; 3f. Sixth detection contact; 3g. Vector detection electrode contact substrate; 3h. Vector detection electrode support; 4. Precision signal amplification module; 5. Signal acquisition device; 6. Electric field analysis module; 7. Electroencephalogram analysis module; 8. Navigation system Detailed implementation manners

[0046] To further illustrate the present invention, in combination with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, the detailed implementation manners of the present invention will be described in detail below. This implementation manner does not limit the technical scope of the present invention, but provides specific guidance for understanding and implementing the present invention.

[0047] As Figure 1 shown, a detection device for the intracranial vector electric field of transcranial electrical stimulation according to the present invention mainly consists of the following parts: a stimulation system 1, a stimulation electrode, a vector detection electrode 3, a precision signal amplification module 4, a signal acquisition device 5, an electric field analysis module 6, an electroencephalogram analysis module 7, and a navigation system 8. The structure and function of each component will be introduced in detail one by one below.

[0048] Stimulation system 1: Input an individual head model created by individual MRI or CT in the stimulation system 1, set the target target point, calculate the required transcranial electrical stimulation parameters (such as the position of the stimulation electrode, current intensity, frequency, waveform, etc.), and generate a stimulation signal.

[0049] Stimulation electrode: The stimulation electrode is designed with multiple independently controllable stimulation channels (such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 the first stimulation channel 2a, the second stimulation channel 2b, the third stimulation channel 2c, and the fourth stimulation channel 2d shown). The position and parameters of each stimulation channel can be customized through the stimulation system 1 according to different clinical requirements and target areas.

[0050] Vector detection electrode 3: The vector detection electrode 3 is used to implant into the human brain to detect intracranial electrical signals. Its implantation position is selected according to the three-dimensional reconstruction results of individual MRI or CT, and the optimal implantation position and angle are selected through the navigation system 8. Referring to the SEEG electrode implantation technology, the vector detection electrode 3 is implanted into a specific area of the brain through the navigation system 8 to monitor intracranial electrical signals in real time. This technology can obtain high-precision intracranial electric field data without interfering with the normal functions of the brain.

[0051] Among them, the vector detection electrode 3 is composed of polyimide with good biocompatibility and a flexible circuit board (as Figure 3 shown). Its design takes into account the biocompatibility, comfort and long-term stability for the human body. The vector detection electrode 3 is in the shape of a cuboid, and the four side surfaces of the cuboid serve as 4 detection surfaces. Each side surface includes a number of detection contacts arranged in a straight line in the vertical direction, and the positions of the number of detection contacts included in each side surface correspond to each other in the vertical direction, that is, the ordinates are the same. In this way, a ring-shaped detection layer composed of a number of detection contacts is formed in the vertical direction. Each ring-shaped detection layer includes four detection contacts corresponding to the four side surfaces, thus forming a multi-layer detection contact. Each layer has a number of independent detection contacts (such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, the first detection contact 3a to the sixth detection contact 3f). Each detection contact can independently collect electric field signals from different directions. When there are 16 layers of horizontal detection contacts, a total of 64 independent signal channels can be provided, and the electric field distribution of the brain can be accurately measured from different spatial angles.

[0052] Among them, in a specific embodiment (as Figure 3 shown), in the vertical direction, the distance d between two adjacent detection contacts on the four side surfaces of the vector detection electrode 3 is 1 mm, and the size m of a single detection contact n is 0.4 0.5 mm, and the side width w is 1 mm. Through the optimized design of the electrode size, this structure further improves the spatial resolution and electric field measurement accuracy on the basis of existing craniocerebral implanted electrodes.

[0053] Among them, as Figure 4 shown, the detection contacts of the vector detection electrode 3 (such as the first detection contact 3a, the second detection contact 3b, the third detection contact 3c, the fourth detection contact 3d) use platinum-iridium alloy material as the detection contact material, which has excellent electrical conductivity and biocompatibility. The contact substrate 3g of the vector detection electrode (that is, the cuboid) and the support 3h of the vector detection electrode (that is, the support for supporting the cuboid) use high-performance insulating materials such as polyimide to ensure no interference in high-precision signal acquisition.

[0054] Among them, a longitudinal flexible reinforcing rib structure is added inside the vector detection electrode 3 to reduce its bending deformation during the implantation process. Optionally, the vector detection electrode body adopts a gradient hardness design, with the hardness gradually decreasing from the middle to the end. For example, the electrode end is softer and the middle is slightly harder to reduce the damage to the brain tissue during the implantation process.

[0055] Among them, the outer layer of the vector detection electrode 3 body (the non-electrode contact area, that is, other surface areas except the contacts) can be coated with biocompatible parylene as a protective layer to reduce tissue rejection.

[0056] Among them, the detection contact surface of the vector detection electrode 3 is roughened and nanostructures are added to increase the effective contact area of a single contact, reduce the impedance at the electrode-tissue interface, and improve the efficiency of electrical signal conduction and the signal-to-noise ratio. At the same time, the connection wire of the detection contact is led out from the flexible printed circuit board substrate or encapsulated in the insulating layer to improve the stability and durability of the electrode structure.

[0057] Among them, an electromagnetic induction element (not marked in the figure) is provided at the end of the vector detection electrode 3, such as a micro electromagnetic coil or a Hall sensor, which can cooperate with the navigation system in real time during the operation to feedback the position and angle information of the vector detection electrode, and realize real-time navigation during the implantation process and positioning calibration after the operation.

[0058] Precision signal amplification module 4: Since the electric field signal in the brain is usually relatively weak, the precision signal amplification module 4 is used to amplify the weak signal collected by the vector detection electrode 3 with high precision. This module adopts ultra-low noise amplification technology to ensure that the signal will not be interfered by external noise during the amplification process. At the same time, this module can adjust the amplification gain according to the real-time signal quality to adapt to the intensity fluctuations of different electric field signals, and ensure the integrity and accuracy of the signal.

[0059] Signal acquisition device 5: The signal acquisition device 5 is used in cooperation with the precision signal amplification module 4, responsible for receiving the amplified electric field signal, and converting the analog signal into a digital signal for transmission through high-speed data conversion technology. This device has a high data transmission rate and high resolution to ensure the data integrity and accuracy during the signal acquisition process.

[0060] Electric field analysis module 6: The electric field analysis module 6 uses advanced algorithms to perform real-time calculation and processing on the collected electric field signals. This module is mainly used to analyze and visualize the electric field distribution (electric field magnitude and direction) generated by transcranial electrical stimulation in the brain. By comparing the actually detected electric field with the simulated electric field, the differences between the simulation results and the measured data are further analyzed, so as to optimize the accuracy of the electric field model.

[0061] EEG analysis module 7: The EEG analysis module 7 is used to calculate and process the electrical signals before and after the stimulation collected. This module can extract the effective information in the electrical signals and filter out the irrelevant noise. Through the comprehensive analysis in the time domain and frequency domain, it evaluates the influence of the stimulation on the nerve signals in the detection area, and then analyzes the effectiveness of the stimulation.

[0062] Among them, by integrating the analysis results of the comprehensive electric field analysis module 6 and the EEG analysis module 7, the focusing degree and effectiveness of the transcranial electrical stimulation can be evaluated. This information can be used to further optimize the electrical stimulation parameters, including adjusting the stimulation intensity, frequency and direction, so as to achieve precise regulation of the target area of the brain.

[0063] Through this multi-level and multi-dimensional electric field signal acquisition and analysis system, the present invention can measure the intracranial vector electric field distribution under transcranial electrical stimulation in real time and accurately, providing accurate data support for individualized treatment. This system has significant advantages in the stimulation regulation of complex deep brain regions and shows broad application prospects. During actual operation, the measurement process can be divided into the following steps:

[0064] Initial preparation and equipment installation: The operator needs to ensure the normal operation of all equipment, including the connection and startup of the stimulation system 1, the precision signal amplification module 4, the signal acquisition device 5 and the navigation system 8. At this time, the preparation work of the vector detection electrode 3 needs to include the cleaning and calibration of the detection contacts to ensure the accuracy and stability of signal acquisition.

[0065] Patient positioning and imaging data acquisition: Before the measurement, the operator needs to obtain the patient's MRI imaging data, input the individual MRI in the stimulation system 1 to create an individual head model, and set the target target. Based on this model, the system calculates the required transcranial electrical stimulation parameters, including the position of the stimulation electrode, the current intensity, the frequency and the waveform, etc. Input the individual MRI image in the navigation system 8 for three-dimensional reconstruction, and accurately plan the best implantation position of the vector detection electrode 3. To further optimize the stimulation target, the DTI image can be combined to analyze the direction of the brain fiber bundle, so as to improve the accuracy of the stimulation direction.

[0066] Electrode implantation and debugging: According to the calculation results of the stimulation system 1, the operator places the stimulation electrode at the corresponding position on the scalp surface, and implants the vector detection electrode 3 into the target area of the brain through the navigation system 8. During the implantation process, multiple stimulation channels of the stimulation electrode (such as the first stimulation channel 2a, the second stimulation channel 2b, the third stimulation channel 2c, the fourth stimulation channel 2d) will be adjusted and fixed according to the patient's anatomical structure and treatment needs to ensure the accuracy and effectiveness of the stimulation.

[0067] Electrical Stimulation and Intracranial Electrical Signal Acquisition: After the stimulation electrode and the vector detection electrode 3 are installed, the stimulation system 1 is activated and starts to apply electrical stimulation to the target area of the brain through the stimulation electrode. Stimulation parameters such as the intensity, frequency, and duration of the stimulation current are controlled and adjusted by the stimulation system 1. At the same time, the vector detection electrode 3 starts to collect electric field signals in real time for a period of time before the stimulation begins. These signals are amplified by the precision signal amplification module 4 to ensure that weak signals are not lost or interfered with by noise.

[0068] Signal Processing: After the signal acquisition device 5 receives the amplified intracranial electrical signals, they are processed through the following two modules respectively: Electric Field Analysis Module 6: It performs real-time calculation and processing on the signals, analyzes and visualizes the electric field distribution (including the magnitude and direction of the electric field) generated by transcranial electrical stimulation in the brain; Electroencephalogram Analysis Module 7: It performs comprehensive time-domain and frequency-domain analysis on the electrical signals before and after the stimulation, extracts effective information and filters out noise, evaluates the impact of the stimulation on the nerve signals in the detection area, and further analyzes the effectiveness of the stimulation.

[0069] Optimization and Adjustment of Stimulation Parameters: Based on the results of the Electric Field Analysis Module 6 and the Electroencephalogram Analysis Module 7, the stimulation parameters are optimized and adjusted, mainly in the following two aspects: On the one hand, optimize the stimulation positioning based on electric field feedback: Through the electric field intensity distribution map feedback by the Electric Field Analysis Module 6, analyze the deviation between the actual stimulation focus area and the target area. Compare the measured electric field direction, the simulated electric field direction, and the fiber structure direction of the target area (existing research shows that it is easier to cause nerve excitation along the axon direction), optimize the simulation model, and adjust the stimulation parameters (mainly the position of the stimulation electrode and the applied stimulation intensity) to reduce the stimulation deviation and ensure the accuracy and effectiveness of the electrical stimulation; On the other hand, optimize the stimulation strategy based on electroencephalogram feedback: Based on the feedback of the Electroencephalogram Analysis Module 7, dynamically optimize the stimulation strategy. Evaluate the nerve response characteristics through time-domain and frequency-domain analysis, optimize the coupling between the stimulation and the nerve oscillation rhythm, and adjust the individualized stimulation parameters (mainly the waveform applied by the stimulation electrode, such as frequency, etc.) to improve the regulation effect.

[0070] End of Treatment and Data Analysis: After the treatment ends, the vector detection electrode 3 stops signal acquisition, and the stimulation system 1 stops electrical stimulation. The operator will perform subsequent analysis based on the complete data collected to evaluate the treatment effect and possible side effects. These data can also be used to further optimize the electrical stimulation plan and improve the accuracy and efficacy of future treatments.

[0071] The specific embodiments described above further elaborate on the purpose, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above are only specific embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for detecting intracranial vector electric field during transcranial electrical stimulation, characterized in that: include: Stimulation system (1), used to input individual MRI or CT to create an individual head model, set target points, calculate transcranial electrical stimulation parameters and generate stimulation signals; A stimulation electrode, used for applying an electrical stimulation signal to a target point, having a plurality of independently controllable stimulation channels, wherein the position and parameters of each stimulation channel are calculated by a stimulation system (1); A vector detection electrode (3), used for detecting intracranial electrical stimulation signals, comprising a plurality of detection contacts, each detection contact independently collecting an electric field signal; A precision signal amplification module (4), used for amplifying the weak electric field signal collected by the vector detection electrode (3) with high precision; A signal acquisition device (5), used for receiving the high-precision amplified electric field signal and converting it into a digital signal; An electric field analysis module (6), used for performing real-time calculation and processing of the digital signal, analyzing and visualizing the electric field distribution generated in the brain by transcranial electrical stimulation; An electroencephalogram analysis module (7) is used to perform time domain and frequency domain analysis on the electrical signals before and after the electrical stimulation signal is applied, and to evaluate the effect of the electrical stimulation signal on the neural signals in the detection area; The navigation system (8) is used to plan the implantation position and angle of the vector detection electrode (3) according to the individual head model created by the individual MRI or CT.

2. The device for detecting the intracranial vector electric field during transcranial electrical stimulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vector detection electrode (3) comprises a plurality of detection contacts, each of which is made of a platinum-iridium alloy material, the surface of which is roughened and a nanoscale structure is added.

3. The device for detecting intracranial vector electric field during transcranial electrical stimulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection contact of the vector detection electrode (3) is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, and a plurality of vertically arranged detection contacts are respectively provided on four sides, forming a multi-level detection contact structure.

4. The device for detecting intracranial vector electric field during transcranial electrical stimulation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The positions of the detection contacts included on each side face in the vertical direction correspond one to one, that is, the longitudinal coordinates are the same, so that an annular detection layer consisting of multiple detection contacts is formed in the vertical direction, and the multiple annular detection layers form multi-level detection contacts.

5. The device for detecting intracranial vector electric field during transcranial electrical stimulation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The detection contact of the vector detection electrode (3) is made of a platinum-iridium alloy material, and the rectangular substrate is made of a polyimide material.

6. The device for detecting intracranial vector electric field during transcranial electrical stimulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: A longitudinal flexible reinforcing rib structure is provided inside the vector detection electrode (3); the main body of the vector detection electrode (3) adopts a gradient hardness design, and the hardness gradually decreases from the middle to the end.

7. The device for detecting intracranial vector electric field during transcranial electrical stimulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: An electromagnetic induction element is provided at the end of the vector detection electrode (3) for cooperating with the navigation system (8) to provide real-time feedback of the position and angle information of the vector detection electrode (3).

8. The device for detecting intracranial vector electric field during transcranial electrical stimulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric field analysis module (6) uses time domain and frequency domain analysis algorithms to optimize the accuracy of the electric field model by comparing the actually detected electric field with the simulated electric field.

9. The device for detecting intracranial vector electric field during transcranial electrical stimulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The EEG analysis module (7) extracts effective information and filters out noise through comprehensive analysis in the time domain and frequency domain, thereby evaluating the impact of stimulation on the neural signals in the detection area.

10. The device for detecting intracranial vector electric field during transcranial electrical stimulation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The distance between two adjacent detection contacts on each side is 1 mm, and the size of a single detection contact is 0.4 0.5 mm, side width is 1 mm.

11. A method for detecting intracranial vector electric field during transcranial electrical stimulation, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Obtain the patient's MRI or CT imaging data, input the individual head model into the stimulation system (1), set the target area and calculate the transcranial electrical stimulation parameters; planning the implantation position and angle of the vector detection electrode (3) through a navigation system (8), and implanting the vector detection electrode (3) into a target area of ​​the brain; The stimulation system (1) is started to apply electrical stimulation to the target area of ​​the brain through the stimulation electrode, and the intracranial electrical signals are collected in real time through the vector detection electrode (3); The collected weak signal is amplified with high precision by a precision signal amplification module (4), and the analog signal is converted into a digital signal by a signal acquisition device (5); The collected electric field signals are calculated and processed in real time by the electric field analysis module (6), and the electric field distribution generated by the transcranial electrical stimulation in the brain is analyzed and visualized; The EEG analysis module (7) performs time domain and frequency domain analysis on the electrical signals before and after stimulation to evaluate the effect of stimulation on the neural signals in the detection area; Based on the results of the electric field analysis module (6) and the EEG analysis module (7), the stimulation parameters are optimized and the stimulation strategy is adjusted.

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