Auxiliary positioning mechanism and positioning method for CNC machine tool workpiece

Abstract

The present invention provides a CNC machine tool workpiece auxiliary positioning mechanism and positioning method, including a positioning assembly, wherein the positioning assembly includes a base plate, four limit seats, a drive rod, a drive disk, a slider, an L-shaped connecting rod, a support rod, a positioning seat, a limit slot, a positioning clamp, a sliding seat, a slide rail, a first electromagnet, a support spring and two guide rods. In the present invention, with the cooperation of the L-shaped connecting rod, the support rod, the slider, the positioning seat and other structures, the four positioning clamps move synchronously, and then when clamping the workpiece, the workpiece can be automatically positioned, so that the workpiece moves to the center position of the base plate; compared with the prior art, when clamping the workpiece, the present invention can automatically position the workpiece, so that the workpiece moves to the center position of the base plate; when the workpiece is rectangular, the corresponding support spring will be adaptively compressed, so that the four positioning clamps can be tightly fitted with the workpiece, ensuring the positioning effect of the workpiece.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a positioning mechanism and a positioning method, in particular to a CNC machine tool workpiece auxiliary positioning mechanism and a positioning method, belonging to the technical field of CNC machine tools. Background Art

[0002] CNC machine tools are highly automated machines that utilize digital information (such as CNC programming codes) to precisely control their movements and machining processes. Using pre-programmed programs, CNC machines can automatically complete various machining operations, such as cutting, drilling, milling, and grinding, without requiring direct human intervention. This technology not only significantly improves machining accuracy and production efficiency, but also enhances flexibility and adaptability, making it capable of easily processing complex shapes and high-precision parts. It is an indispensable key piece of equipment in modern manufacturing.

[0003] When CNC machine tools perform precision machining on workpieces, their primary task is to securely and precisely fix the workpiece. This is crucial for ensuring stability and accuracy throughout the entire process. By employing specialized fixtures or fixtures, CNC machine tools can securely lock the workpiece in place, effectively preventing displacement or vibration during complex machining operations such as high-speed cutting, drilling, and milling. This secure fixation not only improves machining efficiency and avoids machining errors caused by workpiece movement, but also ensures the precise dimensions and consistent shape of the finished parts, thus meeting the demands of high-precision manufacturing.

[0004] A known Chinese authorized utility model (publication number: CN220881441U) discloses a workpiece auxiliary positioning mechanism for a CNC machine tool. The mechanism comprises a movable seat, a first limit through-hole, a positioning mechanism, a housing, a fixing mechanism, a first opening, a second opening, a pressing rod, a control rod, and a control column. Pulling the handles in opposite directions on both sides drives the movable rod and the handles to move in the same direction. The movable rod drives the fixed plate to move. While the fixed plate stretches the tension spring, the clamping plate drives the fixed block to squeeze the fixed clamping rod. This solves the problem that existing CNC machine tools generally lack a structure that facilitates rapid positioning of the workpiece to be processed, making the CNC machine tools inconvenient to use and reducing the efficiency of workpiece processing.

[0005] Although its positioning mechanism can achieve the function of quickly clamping and positioning the workpiece to a certain extent, its core mechanism mainly relies on the pushing force of the spring to complete the positioning operation of the workpiece. This design inevitably exposes two more prominent problems in practical applications:

[0006] 1. Positioning is difficult: When clamping the workpiece, the operator needs to accurately and simultaneously press two buttons located on the operation interface or in a specific position to prompt the clamping plates on both sides of the workpiece to move synchronously, thereby completing the centering of the workpiece. However, in actual operation, due to human factors, differences in button sensitivity, or mechanical response delays, it is difficult to ensure that the two buttons are pressed at the absolute same time. Once there is a time difference between the pressing of the two buttons, the asynchronous movement of the clamping plates will cause the workpiece to shift on the base plate. In other words, the workpiece may deviate to one side of the base plate and cannot be accurately positioned at the preset position in the middle of the base plate;

[0007] 2. Poor workpiece stability: Since it uses the elastic force of the spring for clamping rather than a more stable fixed connection method, the workpiece may shake during the processing due to cutting force, vibration or other external factors, thereby affecting the processing of the workpiece. In addition, the elastic force of the spring will gradually weaken with the increase of use time, further exacerbating the decline in the stability of the workpiece, thereby affecting the reliability and stability of the entire processing process;

[0008] Therefore, a workpiece auxiliary positioning mechanism and positioning method for a CNC machine tool are proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0009] In view of this, the present invention provides a CNC machine tool workpiece auxiliary positioning mechanism and positioning method to solve or alleviate the technical problems existing in the prior art and at least provide a beneficial option.

[0010] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention is achieved as follows: a CNC machine tool workpiece auxiliary positioning mechanism includes a positioning assembly, the positioning assembly including a base plate, four limit seats, a drive rod, a drive disk, a slider, an L-shaped connecting rod, a support rod, a positioning seat, a limit slot, a positioning clamping plate, a sliding seat, a slide rail, a first electromagnet, a support spring and two guide rods;

[0011] The top end of the L-shaped link is connected to the support rod, and the top end of the L-shaped link is connected to the support rod. The top end of the support rod is rotatably connected to the slider. The limit slot is opened on the upper surface of the positioning seat, the positioning splint is fixedly connected to the sliding seat, and the positioning seat is slidably connected to the upper surface of the base plate through the slide rail. The first electromagnet is embedded in the lower surface of the sliding seat, the support spring is sleeved on the outside of the guide rod, and the guide rod is slidably connected to the inside of the positioning seat.

[0012] Further preferably, the position of the limiting seat corresponds to the position of the sliding groove, the sliding block is slidably connected to the inner side wall of the limiting seat, and the support rod is located inside the sliding groove.

[0013] Further preferably, the positioning seat is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the slider, the positioning seat is slidably connected to the upper surface of the limiting seat, and the sliding seat is slidably connected to the inner side wall of the limiting groove.

[0014] Further preferably, one end of the guide rod is fixedly connected to the side of the sliding seat away from the positioning clamp, one end of the support spring abuts the inner wall of the limiting groove, and the other end of the support spring abuts the side of the sliding seat away from the positioning clamp.

[0015] Further preferably, a limit assembly is provided below the driving disk, and the limit assembly includes a base, a rotating disk, a driving ring, a guide plate, a second electromagnet, a limit spring, a limit rod, a guide sleeve and a limit disk;

[0016] The rotating disk is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the driving rod, the driving ring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating disk, the guide sleeve is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base, the limit disk is slidably connected to the outer wall of the guide sleeve, the limit spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the guide sleeve, the guide plate is symmetrically fixedly connected to the outer wall of the limit disk, the limit rod is slidably connected to the inside of the guide plate, and the second electromagnet is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base.

[0017] Further preferably, the bottom end of the limiting rod is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base, the upper surface of the limiting plate is meshingly connected to the lower surface of the rotating plate, the guide sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the driving rod, and the bottom end of the driving rod is rotatably connected to the upper surface of the base.

[0018] Further preferably, the top end of the limit spring abuts against the lower surface of the limit plate, the bottom end of the limit spring abuts against the upper surface of the base, and the position of the second electromagnet corresponds to the position of the limit plate.

[0019] Further preferably, the upper surface of the base is symmetrically fixedly connected with fixing rods, the top ends of the fixing rods are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the bottom plate, and a control switch is installed on the upper surface of the bottom plate.

[0020] Further preferably, the electrical end of the control switch is electrically connected to the electrical ends of the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet respectively.

[0021] A method for auxiliary positioning of a workpiece of a CNC machine tool comprises the following steps:

[0022] Step 1: Place the workpiece on the base plate, prepare for the subsequent clamping and positioning operation, turn the drive ring, and start clamping and positioning the workpiece;

[0023] Step 2: The driving ring drives the rotating disk to rotate, and the rotating disk transmits power;

[0024] Step 3: The rotating disk drives the driving disk to rotate through the driving rod, and the driving disk drives the four L-shaped connecting rods to move. The four L-shaped connecting rods are linked together, and the L-shaped connecting rods drive the slider to slide in the limit seat through the support rod;

[0025] Step 4: The slider drives the positioning seat to move, and the positioning seat then drives the positioning clamps through the sliding seat. The four positioning clamps move closer to the center of the base plate to form a preliminary clamping of the workpiece;

[0026] Step 5: According to the shape and size of the workpiece, the support spring is adaptively compressed, and the four positioning clamps fit tightly against the four sides of the workpiece;

[0027] Step 6: The first electromagnet works, the sliding seat and the positioning seat are fixed by adsorption, the position of the positioning clamp is fixed, and the workpiece will not move during the processing;

[0028] Step 7: The second electromagnet is powered off, and the limit plate moves upward under the push of the limit spring. The limit plate engages with the rotating plate to limit the position of the rotating plate. The entire clamping and positioning mechanism is stable, and the workpiece is positioned.

[0029] The embodiment of the present invention adopts the above technical solution, which has the following advantages:

[0030] 1. The present invention drives the driving plate to rotate by the driving rod, and the driving plate drives one end of the L-shaped connecting rod. With the cooperation of the L-shaped connecting rod, the support rod, the slider, the positioning seat and other structures, the four positioning clamps move synchronously, and thus when clamping the workpiece, the workpiece can be automatically positioned, so that the workpiece is moved to the center position of the base plate. When the workpiece is rectangular, the corresponding support springs will be adaptively compressed, so that the four positioning clamps can be closely fitted with the workpiece; compared with the prior art, the present invention can make the four positioning clamps approach the center of the driving plate at the same time through the cooperation of the driving plate, the L-shaped connecting rod and other structures, and thus when clamping the workpiece, the workpiece can be automatically positioned, so that the workpiece is moved to the center position of the base plate. When the workpiece is rectangular, the four positioning clamps can adaptively and closely fit with the workpiece, thereby ensuring the positioning effect of the workpiece.

[0031] 2. According to the present invention, after the workpiece is positioned, the position of the workpiece is reinforced to prevent the position of the workpiece from shifting during the processing operation. At this time, the first electromagnet works and absorbs the positioning seat. Then, the sliding seat is fixedly connected to the positioning seat, and the position of the positioning clamp is fixed. At the same time, the second electromagnet is powered off. Under the push of the limit spring, the limit plate moves upward along the guide sleeve, and the limit plate engages with the rotating plate. At this time, since the position of the limit plate is fixed, the position of the rotating plate can be limited by the limit plate, and the rotating plate limits the position of the driving rod. When the position of the driving rod is fixed, the position of the positioning seat is fixed, and thus stable clamping of the workpiece can be achieved. During the processing of the workpiece, the workpiece will not shake due to cutting force, vibration or other external factors, thereby ensuring the reliability and stability of the entire processing process. Compared with the prior art, the present invention further reinforces the position of the workpiece after the workpiece positioning is completed by setting the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet. Through the fixed connection method, reliability and stability are enhanced during the workpiece processing.

[0032] The above summary is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to be limiting in any way. In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments and features described above, further aspects, embodiments and features of the present invention will be readily apparent by reference to the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a workpiece auxiliary positioning mechanism for a CNC machine tool according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structural decomposition of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the drive disc and the L-shaped connecting rod of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the positioning seat of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the first electromagnet of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the position limiting assembly of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the decomposition structure of the limit assembly of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the driving ring and the rotating disk of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the slide groove on the bottom plate of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the limit seat structure of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of the slider structure of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the support rod and the slider of the present invention.

[0046] Figure numerals: 101, positioning assembly; 10, base plate; 11, slide groove; 12, limit seat; 13, drive rod; 14, drive disk; 15, slider; 16, L-shaped connecting rod; 17, support rod; 18, positioning seat; 19, limit groove; 20, positioning splint; 21, sliding seat; 22, slide rail; 24, first electromagnet; 25, support spring; 26, guide rod; 301, limit assembly; 31, base; 32, rotating disk; 33, drive ring; 34, guide plate; 35, second electromagnet; 36, limit spring; 37, limit rod; 38, guide sleeve; 39, limit disk; 40, fixing rod; 41, control switch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] Hereinafter, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the described embodiments may be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings and description are to be considered as illustrative in nature and not restrictive.

[0048] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0049] like Figures 1-8 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a workpiece auxiliary positioning mechanism for a CNC machine tool, including a positioning assembly 101, which includes a base plate 10, four limiting seats 12, a driving rod 13, a driving disk 14, a slider 15, an L-shaped connecting rod 16, a support rod 17, a positioning seat 18, a limiting groove 19, a positioning clamping plate 20, a sliding seat 21, a slide rail 22, a first electromagnet 24, a support spring 25 and two guide rods 26;

[0050] Four slide grooves 11 are symmetrically provided on the upper surface of the base plate 10. The position of the limit seat 12 corresponds to the position of the slide groove 11. The slider 15 is slidably connected to the inner side wall of the limit seat 12. The support rod 17 is located inside the slide groove 11. The four limit seats 12 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base plate 10. The slide groove 11 allows the support rod 17 to slide along with the slider 15, and the position of the slider 15 can be limited by the limit seat 12. The outer wall of the slider 15 is provided with a limiting groove. The shape of the limit seat 12 is adapted to the shape of the slider 15, so that when the slider 15 slides, it will not slide out of the limit seat 12.

[0051] The driving plate 14 is rotatably connected to the lower surface of the base plate 10 through the driving rod 13. The driving plate 14 is in the shape of a square. One end of the L-shaped connecting rod 16 is rotatably connected to the driving plate 14. The other end of the L-shaped connecting rod 16 is fixedly connected to the support rod 17. The top of the support rod 17 is rotatably connected to the slider 15. The end of the L-shaped connecting rod 16 is connected to the corner of the driving plate 14. When the driving plate 14 rotates, the driving plate 14 drives one end of the L-shaped connecting rod 16, and one end of the L-shaped connecting rod 16 rotates with the driving plate 14, and then the other end of the L-shaped connecting rod 16 moves toward the driving plate. 14 approaches the center, the L-shaped connecting rod 16 drives the support rod 17, the support rod 17 drives the slider 15, the slider 15 slides in the limit seat 12, the slider 15 drives the positioning seat 18, and the four positioning seats 18 move synchronously and approach the center of the driving disk 14. During the rotation of the driving disk 14, one end of the four L-shaped connecting rods 16 rotates with the driving disk 14 at the same time, and then the other end of the L-shaped connecting rod 16 is pulled. Under the limiting action of the slider 15 and the limit seat 12, the slider 15 drives the positioning seat 18, thereby realizing the synchronous drive of the four positioning seats 18;

[0052] A limiting groove 19 is provided on the upper surface of the positioning seat 18. The positioning clamping plate 20 is fixedly connected to the sliding seat 21. The positioning seat 18 is slidably connected to the upper surface of the base plate 10 via a slide rail 22. The position of the sliding seat 21 can be limited by the limiting groove 19. The outer wall of the sliding seat 21 is provided with a groove. The shape of the limiting groove 19 is adapted to the shape of the sliding seat 21.

[0053] The first electromagnet 24 is embedded in the lower surface of the sliding seat 21. When the first electromagnet 24 is working, the first electromagnet 24 adsorbs the positioning seat 18, and then the sliding seat 21 and the positioning seat 18 are fixedly connected.

[0054] The support spring 25 is sleeved on the outside of the guide rod 26, and the guide rod 26 is slidably connected to the inside of the positioning seat 18. The positioning seat 18 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the slider 15, and the positioning seat 18 is slidably connected to the upper surface of the limiting seat 12. The sliding seat 21 is slidably connected to the inner side wall of the limiting groove 19. One end of the support spring 25 abuts the inner side wall of the limiting groove 19, and the other end of the support spring 25 abuts the side of the sliding seat 21 away from the positioning clamping plate 20.

[0055] When the four positioning seats 18 are clamping, they drive the positioning clamps 20, and the four positioning clamps 20 move synchronously, thereby automatically positioning the workpiece when clamping it, so that the workpiece moves to the center of the base plate 10. When the workpiece is rectangular, the corresponding support springs 25 will be adaptively compressed, so that the four positioning clamps 20 can fit tightly against the workpiece.

[0056] During operation, the driving plate 14 is driven to rotate by the driving rod 13, and the driving plate 14 drives one end of the L-shaped connecting rod 16, and one end of the L-shaped connecting rod 16 rotates with the driving plate 14, and then the other end of the L-shaped connecting rod 16 approaches the center of the driving plate 14, and the L-shaped connecting rod 16 drives the supporting rod 17, and the supporting rod 17 drives the slider 15, and the slider 15 drives the positioning seat 18, and the four positioning seats 18 move synchronously and approach the center of the driving plate 14, and the positioning seat 18 drives the positioning clamping plate 20, and the four positioning clamping plates 20 move synchronously, and thus when clamping the workpiece, the workpiece can be automatically positioned, so that the workpiece is moved to the center position of the base plate 10, and when the workpiece is rectangular, the corresponding support spring 25 will be adaptively compressed, so that the four positioning clamping plates 20 can fit tightly with the workpiece;

[0057] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can make the four positioning clamps 20 approach the center of the driving disk 14 at the same time through the cooperation of structures such as the driving disk 14 and the L-shaped connecting rod 16, so that when clamping the workpiece, the workpiece can be automatically positioned and moved to the center position of the base plate 10. When the workpiece is rectangular, the corresponding support spring 25 will be adaptively compressed, so that the four positioning clamps 20 can fit tightly with the workpiece, ensuring the positioning effect of the workpiece.

[0058] In one embodiment, a limit assembly 301 is provided below the driving disk 14. The limit assembly 301 includes a base 31, a rotating disk 32, a driving ring 33, a guide plate 34, a second electromagnet 35, a limit spring 36, a limit rod 37, a guide sleeve 38, and a limit disk 39.

[0059] The rotating disk 32 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the driving rod 13, and the driving ring 33 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating disk 32. The driving ring 33 can drive the rotating disk 32 to rotate, and the rotating disk 32 drives the driving rod 13 to rotate. When the driving rod 13 rotates, the workpiece can be clamped and positioned;

[0060] The guide sleeve 38 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base 31, the limit plate 39 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the guide sleeve 38, the limit spring 36 is sleeved on the outer wall of the guide sleeve 38, the guide plate 34 is symmetrically fixedly connected to the outer wall of the limit plate 39, the limit rod 37 is slidably connected to the inside of the guide plate 34, the second electromagnet 35 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base 31, the bottom end of the limit rod 37 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base 31, the upper surface of the limit plate 39 is meshedly connected to the lower surface of the rotating disk 32, the position of the limit plate 39 can be limited by the limit rod 37 and the guide plate 34, so that the limit plate 39 can slide along the limit rod 37. When the limit plate 39 is meshed with the rotating disk 32, since the position of the limit plate 39 is fixed, the position of the rotating disk 32 can be limited by the limit plate 39, and the rotating disk 32 defines the position of the driving rod 13. At this time, the position of the positioning seat 18 is fixed, thereby achieving stable clamping of the workpiece;

[0061] The guide sleeve 38 is sleeved on the outside of the driving rod 13, and the bottom end of the driving rod 13 is rotatably connected to the upper surface of the base 31. The position of the limit plate 39 can be limited by the guide sleeve 38 so that the limit plate 39 can be vertically lifted and lowered.

[0062] In one embodiment, the top end of the limit spring 36 abuts against the lower surface of the limit plate 39, and the bottom end of the limit spring 36 abuts against the upper surface of the base 31. The position of the second electromagnet 35 corresponds to the position of the limit plate 39. The limit plate 39 can be attracted by the second electromagnet 35. In the initial state, the second electromagnet 35 is in a working state.

[0063] During operation, the driving rod 13 is driven to rotate by the rotating disk 32. When the driving rod 13 rotates, the workpiece can be clamped and positioned. After the workpiece is positioned, the position of the workpiece is reinforced to prevent the position of the workpiece from shifting during the processing operation. At this time, the second electromagnet 35 is powered off, and under the push of the limit spring 36, the limit disk 39 moves upward along the guide sleeve 38, and the limit disk 39 engages with the rotating disk 32. At this time, since the position of the limit disk 39 is fixed, the position of the rotating disk 32 can be limited by the limit disk 39, and the rotating disk 32 limits the position of the driving rod 13. When the position of the driving rod 13 is fixed, the position of the positioning seat 18 is fixed, thereby achieving stable clamping of the workpiece. During the processing of the workpiece, the workpiece will not shake due to the influence of cutting force, vibration or other external factors, thereby ensuring the reliability and stability of the entire processing process.

[0064] The limit spring 36 is a strong spring, so it can provide a strong upward thrust. The opposing surfaces of the limit plate 39 and the rotating plate 32 are closely toothed. When the limit plate 39 moves upward, the gap between the teeth is very small. Therefore, even if the ends of the upper and lower teeth touch, the rotating plate 32 only needs to shake slightly to achieve engagement.

[0065] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can further reinforce the position of the workpiece after the workpiece positioning is completed by providing the first electromagnet 24 and the second electromagnet 35, and enhance the reliability and stability during the workpiece processing by means of fixed connection.

[0066] In one embodiment, a fixing rod 40 is symmetrically fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base 31, and the top of the fixing rod 40 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the bottom plate 10. A control switch 41 is installed on the upper surface of the bottom plate 10. The bottom plate 10 and the base 31 can be connected through the fixing rod 40, thereby enhancing the overall stability.

[0067] In one embodiment, the electrical ends of the control switch 41 are electrically connected to the electrical ends of the first electromagnet 24 and the second electromagnet 35, respectively, thereby controlling the working states of the first electromagnet 24 and the second electromagnet 35. The electrical connection relationship between the control switch 41 and the first electromagnet 24 and the second electromagnet 35 is the existing technology, that is, parallel connection, so its circuit structure will not be repeated.

[0068] In one embodiment, a highly sensitive tension sensor (not shown in the figure) is provided in the limiting groove 19 , and this sensor is closely connected to the sliding seat 21 through a precise mechanical or electronic connection.

[0069] During the critical process of clamping and positioning a workpiece in a CNC machine tool, the workpiece, firmly clamped by the positioning clamp 20, will inevitably exert a reverse force on the sliding seat 21, causing the sliding seat 21 to slide. At this time, the tension sensor plays its core function, monitoring the displacement of the sliding seat 21 in real time and accurately.

[0070] Specifically, the tension sensor detects changes in the displacement of the slide 21 and converts them into electrical or digital signals, which are then transmitted to the CNC machine tool's control system for further analysis and processing. When the length-to-width ratio of the clamped workpiece exceeds a preset rated value, the positioning clamp 20 can cause abnormal displacement of the slide 21 during the clamping process due to irregularities in the workpiece's shape or size. This can cause the displacement value detected by the tension sensor to rise sharply, exceeding the normal range.

[0071] Once the control system receives this abnormal signal from the tension sensor, it will immediately activate the early warning mechanism. This mechanism includes displaying a prominent warning message on the CNC machine tool's operating interface to alert the operator to possible problems with the current workpiece clamping status. At the same time, the control system also further enhances the early warning effect through sound alarms or flashing lights, ensuring that the operator can respond quickly and check and adjust the clamping and positioning process to avoid risks such as processing errors or equipment damage caused by improper workpiece size or shape.

[0072] The steps for implementing the early warning described above include:

[0073] 1. Data Collection

[0074] Sensor arrangement: A tension sensor is arranged inside the limit groove 19 and ensures that it is tightly connected to the sliding seat 21 to accurately sense the displacement distance of the sliding seat 21;

[0075] Real-time acquisition: During the workpiece clamping and positioning process, the tension sensor acquires the displacement data of the sliding seat 21 in real time and converts it into an electrical signal or a digital signal.

[0076] 2. Data Transmission

[0077] Signal transmission: The signal collected by the tension sensor is transmitted to the control system of the CNC machine tool to ensure the stability and accuracy of the signal;

[0078] Data reception: The control system receives and identifies the signal from the tension sensor and prepares for subsequent data processing.

[0079] 3. Data Processing

[0080] Signal conversion: The control system converts the received electrical or digital signals into data values ​​for subsequent comparison and analysis;

[0081] Threshold setting: A threshold is pre-set based on the rated size and shape of the workpiece and the processing requirements of the CNC machine tool. When the displacement value exceeds this threshold, it is considered that the length-to-width ratio of the workpiece may exceed the rated value.

[0082] 4. Comparative Analysis

[0083] Real-time comparison: The control system compares the displacement value collected in real time with the pre-set threshold;

[0084] Judgment result: If the real-time displacement value exceeds the threshold, the control system determines that the length-to-width ratio of the workpiece may exceed the rated value, and there is a processing risk.

[0085] 5. Early warning trigger

[0086] Early warning mechanism: When the control system determines that the length-to-width ratio of the workpiece exceeds the rated value, the early warning mechanism is immediately triggered;

[0087] Warning method: Warning methods may include displaying warning information on the CNC machine tool operation interface, issuing sound alarms or flashing lights, etc., to alert the operator.

[0088] 6. Operational response

[0089] Inspection and adjustment: After receiving the warning information, the operator should immediately check the workpiece clamping and positioning process to confirm whether the workpiece size and shape meet the requirements;

[0090] Adjustment measures: If problems are found, the operator should promptly adjust the clamping and positioning parameters or replace the appropriate workpiece to ensure the smooth progress of the machining process.

[0091] 7. Recording and Feedback

[0092] Data recording: The control system records the relevant data of each warning event, including displacement value, warning time, operator response, etc., for subsequent analysis and improvement;

[0093] Feedback optimization: Based on recorded data and actual operating experience, the early warning mechanism and threshold setting are continuously optimized to improve the accuracy and reliability of early warnings.

[0094] In one embodiment, in a workpiece clamping and positioning system for a CNC machine tool, the displacement of the slide 21 is closely linked to the operating state of the first electromagnet 24. By precisely monitoring the displacement of the slide 21 and automatically controlling the operating state of the first electromagnet 24 accordingly, the accuracy and stability of workpiece clamping and positioning can be significantly improved. The following are the specific steps for implementing this automatic control function:

[0095] 1. Construction of displacement monitoring system

[0096] Signal transmission and preprocessing

[0097] The displacement signal collected by the displacement sensor is transmitted to the control system of the CNC machine tool via a cable or wirelessly;

[0098] The displacement signal is preprocessed in the control system, such as filtering and amplification, to improve the accuracy and stability of the signal.

[0099] 2. Establishment of the mapping relationship between displacement distance and electromagnet working state

[0100] Determining the displacement threshold

[0101] One or more displacement thresholds are set according to the workpiece clamping and positioning requirements and the travel range of the sliding seat 21. For example, when the sliding seat 21 produces a displacement of one centimeter, it is used as the displacement threshold for triggering the operation of the first electromagnet 24.

[0102] Create a mapping relationship table

[0103] A mapping relationship table between the displacement distance and the working state of the first electromagnet 24 is established in the control system. The table should clearly list the working states (such as power on, power off) of the first electromagnet 24 under different displacement thresholds.

[0104] 3. Implementation of automatic control logic

[0105] Real-time monitoring of displacement distance

[0106] The control system reads the displacement data collected by the displacement sensor in real time and calculates the current displacement distance of the sliding seat 21;

[0107] Comparison and Judgment

[0108] Compare the current displacement distance with the preset displacement threshold. When the displacement distance of the sliding seat 21 reaches or exceeds the preset displacement threshold, the control system triggers the corresponding control logic;

[0109] Control the working state of the first electromagnet

[0110] According to the mapping table, the control system sends a control signal to the first electromagnet 24 to change its working state. For example, when the sliding seat 21 produces a displacement of one centimeter, the control system sends a power-on signal to the first electromagnet 24 to start working.

[0111] 4. System debugging and optimization

[0112] Functional testing

[0113] Before actual operation, the system is functionally tested to verify the accuracy of the displacement monitoring system and the correctness of the automatic control logic;

[0114] Parameter Adjustment

[0115] According to the test results, the displacement threshold, mapping table and other parameters are adjusted to optimize the system performance;

[0116] Stability testing

[0117] During long-term operation, the stability of the system is tested to ensure that it can work reliably under various working conditions.

[0118] V. Practical Application and Effect Evaluation

[0119] Practical Application

[0120] The optimized system is applied to the workpiece clamping and positioning process of CNC machine tools to realize the function of automatically controlling the working state of the first electromagnet based on the sliding seat movement distance;

[0121] Effect evaluation

[0122] By comparing the workpiece clamping positioning accuracy and stability before and after application, the actual effect of the system is evaluated. At the same time, user feedback is collected to provide a basis for further improvement of the system.

[0123] A method for auxiliary positioning of a workpiece of a CNC machine tool comprises the following steps:

[0124] Step 1: Place the workpiece on the base plate, prepare for the subsequent clamping and positioning operation, turn the drive ring, and start clamping and positioning the workpiece;

[0125] Step 2: The driving ring drives the rotating disk to rotate, and the rotating disk transmits power;

[0126] Step 3: The rotating disk drives the driving disk to rotate through the driving rod, and the driving disk drives the four L-shaped connecting rods to move. The four L-shaped connecting rods are linked together, and the L-shaped connecting rods drive the slider to slide in the limit seat through the support rod;

[0127] Step 4: The slider drives the positioning seat to move, and the positioning seat then drives the positioning clamps through the sliding seat. The four positioning clamps move closer to the center of the base plate to form a preliminary clamping of the workpiece;

[0128] Step 5: According to the shape and size of the workpiece, the support spring is adaptively compressed, and the four positioning clamps fit tightly against the four sides of the workpiece;

[0129] Step 6: The first electromagnet works, the sliding seat and the positioning seat are fixed by adsorption, the position of the positioning clamp is fixed, and the workpiece will not move during the processing;

[0130] Step 7: The second electromagnet is powered off, and the limit plate moves upward under the push of the limit spring. The limit plate engages with the rotating plate to limit the position of the rotating plate. The entire clamping and positioning mechanism is stable, and the workpiece is positioned.

[0131] When the present invention is at work: the workpiece is placed on the base plate 10, the driving rod 13 drives the driving disk 14 to rotate, the driving disk 14 drives one end of the L-shaped connecting rod 16, and one end of the L-shaped connecting rod 16 rotates with the driving disk 14, and then the other end of the L-shaped connecting rod 16 approaches the center of the driving disk 14, the L-shaped connecting rod 16 drives the supporting rod 17, the supporting rod 17 drives the slider 15, the slider 15 drives the positioning seat 18, the four positioning seats 18 move synchronously and approach the center of the driving disk 14, the positioning seat 18 drives the positioning clamping plate 20, the four positioning clamping plates 20 move synchronously, and thus when clamping the workpiece, the workpiece can be automatically positioned, so that the workpiece is moved to the center position of the base plate 10, and when the workpiece is rectangular, the corresponding support spring 25 will be adaptively compressed, so that the four positioning clamping plates 20 can fit tightly with the workpiece;

[0132] When the workpiece is positioned, the position of the workpiece is reinforced to prevent the position of the workpiece from shifting during the processing operation. At this time, when the first electromagnet 24 is working, the first electromagnet 24 adsorbs the positioning seat 18, and then the sliding seat 21 is fixedly connected to the positioning seat 18, and the position of the positioning clamping plate 20 is fixed. At the same time, the second electromagnet 35 is powered off, and under the push of the limit spring 36, the limit plate 39 moves upward along the guide sleeve 38, and the limit plate 39 engages with the rotating plate 32. Since the position of the limit plate 39 is fixed, the position of the rotating plate 32 can be limited by the limit plate 39, and the rotating plate 32 limits the position of the driving rod 13. When the position of the driving rod 13 is fixed, the position of the positioning seat 18 is fixed, thereby achieving stable clamping of the workpiece. During the processing of the workpiece, the workpiece will not shake due to the influence of cutting force, vibration or other external factors, thereby ensuring the reliability and stability of the entire processing process;

[0133] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can make the four positioning clamps 20 approach the center of the driving disk 14 at the same time through the cooperation of structures such as the driving disk 14 and the L-shaped connecting rod 16, so that when clamping the workpiece, the workpiece can be automatically positioned, and the workpiece can be moved to the center position of the base plate 10. When the workpiece is rectangular, the corresponding support spring 25 will be adaptively compressed, so that the four positioning clamps 20 can fit tightly with the workpiece, ensuring the positioning effect of the workpiece. By setting the first electromagnet 24 and the second electromagnet 35, the position of the workpiece can be further reinforced after the workpiece positioning is completed. By fixed connection, the reliability and stability are enhanced during the workpiece processing.

[0134] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various modifications and substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, and such modifications and substitutions are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A CNC machine tool workpiece auxiliary positioning mechanism, comprising a positioning assembly (101), characterized in that: The positioning assembly (101) includes a base plate (10), four limiting seats (12), a driving rod (13), a driving disk (14), a slider (15), an L-shaped connecting rod (16), a support rod (17), a positioning seat (18), a limiting groove (19), a positioning clamp (20), a sliding seat (21), a slide rail (22), a first electromagnet (24), a supporting spring (25) and two guide rods (26); The upper surface of the base plate (10) is symmetrically provided with four sliding grooves (11), the four limiting seats (12) are symmetrically fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base plate (10), the driving disk (14) is rotatably connected to the lower surface of the base plate (10) through the driving rod (13), one end of the L-shaped connecting rod (16) is rotatably connected to the driving disk (14), the other end of the L-shaped connecting rod (16) is fixedly connected to the support rod (17), the top end of the support rod (17) is rotatably connected to the slider (15), the limiting groove (19) is provided on the upper surface of the positioning seat (18), the positioning splint (20) is fixedly connected to the sliding seat (21), the positioning seat (18) is slidably connected to the upper surface of the base plate (10) through the slide rail (22), the first An electromagnet (24) is embedded in the lower surface of the sliding seat (21), the support spring (25) is sleeved on the outside of the guide rod (26), and the guide rod (26) is slidably connected to the inside of the positioning seat (18); the position of the limit seat (12) corresponds to the position of the slide groove (11), the slider (15) is slidably connected to the inner side wall of the limit seat (12), and the support rod (17) is located inside the slide groove (11); a limit assembly (301) is provided below the driving disk (14), and the limit assembly (301) includes a base (31), a rotating disk (32), a driving ring (33), a guide plate (34), a second electromagnet (35), a limit spring (36), a limit rod (37), a guide sleeve (38) and a limit disk (39); The rotating disk (32) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the driving rod (13), the driving ring (33) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating disk (32), the guide sleeve (38) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base (31), the limiting disk (39) is slidably connected to the outer wall of the guide sleeve (38), the limiting spring (36) is sleeved on the outer wall of the guide sleeve (38), the guide plate (34) is symmetrically fixedly connected to the outer wall of the limiting disk (39), the limiting rod (37) is slidably connected to the inside of the guide plate (34), and the second electromagnet (35) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base (31).

2. The CNC machine tool workpiece auxiliary positioning mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning seat (18) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the slider (15), the positioning seat (18) is slidably connected to the upper surface of the limiting seat (12), and the sliding seat (21) is slidably connected to the inner side wall of the limiting groove (19).

3. The CNC machine tool workpiece auxiliary positioning mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the guide rod (26) is fixedly connected to a side of the sliding seat (21) away from the positioning clamp (20), one end of the support spring (25) abuts against the inner side wall of the limiting groove (19), and the other end of the support spring (25) abuts against a side of the sliding seat (21) away from the positioning clamp (20).

4. The CNC machine tool workpiece auxiliary positioning mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end of the limiting rod (37) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base (31), the upper surface of the limiting plate (39) is meshedly connected to the lower surface of the rotating plate (32), the guide sleeve (38) is sleeved on the outside of the driving rod (13), and the bottom end of the driving rod (13) is rotatably connected to the upper surface of the base (31).

5. The CNC machine tool workpiece auxiliary positioning mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top end of the limit spring (36) abuts against the lower surface of the limit plate (39), the bottom end of the limit spring (36) abuts against the upper surface of the base (31), and the position of the second electromagnet (35) corresponds to the position of the limit plate (39).

6. The CNC machine tool workpiece auxiliary positioning mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: A fixing rod (40) is symmetrically fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base (31), the top end of the fixing rod (40) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the bottom plate (10), and a control switch (41) is installed on the upper surface of the bottom plate (10).

7. The CNC machine tool workpiece auxiliary positioning mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: The electrical ends of the control switch (41) are electrically connected to the electrical ends of the first electromagnet (24) and the second electromagnet (35), respectively.

8. A method for assisting positioning of a workpiece of a CNC machine tool, applied to the assisting positioning mechanism of a workpiece of a CNC machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Place the workpiece on the base plate, prepare for the subsequent clamping and positioning operation, turn the drive ring, and start clamping and positioning the workpiece; Step 2: The driving ring drives the rotating disk to rotate, and the rotating disk transmits power; Step 3: The rotating disk drives the driving disk to rotate through the driving rod, and the driving disk drives the four L-shaped connecting rods to move. The four L-shaped connecting rods are linked together, and the L-shaped connecting rods drive the slider to slide in the limit seat through the support rod; Step 4: The slider drives the positioning seat to move, and the positioning seat then drives the positioning clamps through the sliding seat. The four positioning clamps move closer to the center of the base plate to form a preliminary clamping of the workpiece; Step 5: According to the shape and size of the workpiece, the support spring is adaptively compressed, and the four positioning clamps fit tightly against the four sides of the workpiece; Step 6: The first electromagnet works, the sliding seat and the positioning seat are fixed by adsorption, the position of the positioning clamp is fixed, and the workpiece will not move during the processing; Step 7: The second electromagnet is powered off, and the limit plate moves upward under the push of the limit spring. The limit plate engages with the rotating plate to limit the position of the rotating plate. The entire clamping and positioning mechanism is stable, and the workpiece is positioned.

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