Energy-saving self-circulation candle reactor and working method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of energy-saving self-circulation candle type reactor and its working method, the reactor includes cylindrical shell, three-phase mixing unit, three-phase separation unit, gas-liquid separation circulating unit and solid-liquid separation circulating unit;Shell overall appearance is inverted cylindrical candle style, with two layers of inner layer and outer layer structure, for installing three-phase mixing unit, three-phase separation unit, gas-liquid separation circulating unit, solid-liquid separation circulating unit and intelligent control unit, for the organic combination of above-mentioned unit and each unit provides physical support and bearing space.The present application has the characteristics of simple structure, accurate material separation, small floor area and easy control, its unique energy-saving self-circulation function can greatly improve the utilization rate of micro-nano electrolytic material and play the characteristics of reducing energy consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an energy-saving self-circulating candle reactor and its working method, belonging to the field of new environmental protection equipment technology. Background Technology

[0002] Microelectrolysis technology is a method that uses metallic materials with good conductivity and reducing properties (such as Fe and Al) to form a galvanic cell system, effectively removing heavy metals, recalcitrant organic pollutants, and other harmful substances from water through an electro-corrosion reaction mechanism. Traditional microelectrolysis technology generally uses large-scale particulate microelectrolysis materials and typically relies on fixed-bed reactors for the microelectrolytic degradation of pollutants. However, when the particulate materials within the reactor become caked and passivated, cleaning the fixed-bed reactor becomes extremely complex and difficult, severely affecting the long-term stable operation of the reactor. Micro- and nanomaterials, with their small particle diameter, large specific surface area, and resistance to clogging and caked-up, have seen a surge in development towards micro- and nano-scale microelectrolysis materials in recent years. This has led to the emergence of a series of micro- and nano-scale microelectrolysis materials, such as micro- and nano-zero-valent iron (ZVI), micro- and nano-zero-valent aluminum (ZVA), micro- and nano-iron-carbon materials, and related materials further derived from these.

[0003] While micro- and nano-sized micro-electrolysis materials generally offer advantages such as rapid reaction rates and high activity for heavy metals, recalcitrant organic pollutants, and other harmful substances in water, they are difficult to disperse in wastewater and are prone to aggregation. This leads to low utilization rates and material waste. Although fluidized bed reactors can mitigate these issues by increasing the fluidization rate or stirring intensity, the energy loss from stirring causes a sharp increase in operating costs. Furthermore, traditional fluidized bed reactors struggle to accurately separate aged or failed micro- and nano-materials, resulting in low reactor space utilization and poor operational performance. Moreover, the control units of traditional fluidized bed reactors are complex, requiring precise adjustment of multiple parameters such as fluid velocity, gas volume, and pressure. Even slight changes can affect reactor stability, increasing the difficulty of operation and maintenance. These drawbacks prevent traditional fluidized bed reactors from fully utilizing the advantages of micro- and nano-sized electrolysis materials, leading to a growing demand for novel reaction devices. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, particularly the difficulty of traditional fluidized bed reactors in fully utilizing the advantages of micro / nano-electrolytic materials, this invention provides an energy-saving self-circulating candle reactor and its operating method. The reactor of this invention not only ensures that common micro / nano-electrolytic materials achieve maximum performance, but also significantly reduces unit energy consumption while ensuring efficient reaction and directional separation of aged and deteriorated micro / nano-electrolytic materials.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] An energy-saving self-circulating candle reactor includes a cylindrical shell, a three-phase mixing unit, a three-phase separation unit, a gas-liquid separation circulation unit, and a solid-liquid separation circulation unit;

[0007] The housing includes an outer layer and an inner layer with concentric structures. The three-phase mixing unit includes a double-helix mixer, a solid-liquid mixer and an air blower located at the bottom of the outer layer. The solid-liquid mixer and the air blower are respectively connected to the double-helix mixer through connecting pipes.

[0008] The three-phase separation unit includes a multi-layer separation plate, a gas collection pipe, a gas chamber, and a water collection tank located on the upper outer layer. The multi-layer separation plate is connected to the gas collection pipe and the gas chamber, and the water collection tank is located above the multi-layer separation plate.

[0009] The gas-liquid separation circulation unit includes a gas-liquid separator located at the top of the shell, which is connected to the gas chamber via a gas riser pipe; a horn-shaped carrier is provided at the lower part of the inner layer, with an opening communicating with the outer layer; a liquid downflow pipe is connected to the bottom of the gas-liquid separator, which extends to the lower part of the inner layer and has an opening at its free end.

[0010] The solid-liquid separation circulation unit includes a central guide tube set in the upper part of the inner layer, a water collection tank connected to the top of the central guide tube, a throat diffuser that diffuses outwards from the bottom of the central guide tube, a water outlet at the top of the central guide tube, and a mud hopper with a mud discharge port connected to the bottom of the inner layer.

[0011] According to the present invention, preferably, the solid-liquid mixer is a cylindrical structure and is provided with a wastewater inlet and a micro / nano electrolytic material inlet.

[0012] According to the present invention, preferably, the double helix mixer is a cylindrical structure provided with a double helix rotor, the bottom of the double helix mixer is connected to an air fan through a connecting pipe, and the lower part of the double helix mixer is connected to a solid-liquid mixer through a connecting pipe.

[0013] According to the present invention, preferably, the multi-layer separation plate is a triangular iron arrangement structure with at least two layers, the bottom surface of each layer of triangular iron is open and the top corner is connected to the gas chamber through a gas collection pipe, and the triangular irons of different layers are arranged alternately.

[0014] According to the present invention, preferably, a mist eliminator is further provided in the upper part of the gas-liquid separator, and an exhaust port is provided at the top of the gas-liquid separator.

[0015] According to the present invention, preferably, the diameter ratio of the outer layer to the inner layer is 3:1 to 5:1, and the height-to-diameter ratio of the outer layer is 8:1 to 10:1.

[0016] According to the present invention, preferably, the energy-saving self-circulating candle reactor further includes a control unit connected to the shell; more preferably, the control unit includes a detection instrument group, a control instrument group, and a PLC control module, which are connected by control circuits. Intelligent control can be further realized when the PLC is equipped with an AI edge calculator. Specifically, the detection instrument group performs various index detections within the reactor and various operating environment detections. These index detections include, but are not limited to, various wastewater indexes (such as COD, pH, conductivity, and concentration of characteristic pollutants) and various micro / nano electrolytic material indexes (such as concentration distribution and stock distribution); the operating environment detections include, but are not limited to, pressure, temperature, and density. The control instrument group includes, but is not limited to, wastewater flow rate, chemical dosage, and valve start / stop, and is used to execute various instructions issued by the PLC control module. All data collected by the detection instrument group is aggregated to the PLC control module, which then executes the parameters pre-set by the PLC. When a PLC is equipped with an AI edge calculator, the AI ​​edge calculator performs optimization calculations based on the data collected by the detection instrument group. Subsequently, the PLC control module controls the instrument group to realize the intelligent operation of the reactor.

[0017] According to the present invention, the working method of the above-mentioned energy-saving self-circulating candle reactor includes the following steps:

[0018] Micro-nano electrolytic materials and untreated wastewater rich in heavy metals, recalcitrant organic pollutants and other harmful substances are initially mixed in a solid-liquid mixer to form a liquid-solid mixture. Subsequently, the liquid-solid mixture is mixed with gas from an external air fan in a double-helix mixer to complete gas-liquid-solid mixing, and then arrives at the three-phase separation unit for preliminary gas-liquid-solid three-phase separation.

[0019] In the three-phase separation process, the gas separated by the multi-layer separation plate is collected into the gas chamber through the gas collection pipe, and then reaches the gas-liquid separator through the gas lift pipe connected to the gas chamber. In the gas-liquid separator, the gas and the wastewater it carries are further separated. The gas after the two separations is discharged to the outside through the exhaust port set at the top of the gas-liquid separator. The wastewater after the multi-layer separation plate and the micro-nano electrolytic materials it carries enter the solid-liquid separation circulation unit through the water collection tank to carry out solid-liquid separation.

[0020] The wastewater and the micro-nano electrolytic materials it carries after being separated by the multi-layer separation plate enter the central guide tube through the water collection tank. In the inner layer, the treated wastewater and the used micro-nano electrolytic materials are separated through free sedimentation, stratified sedimentation and compression sedimentation. The separated micro-nano electrolytic material slurry is further settled into the sludge hopper. The treated wastewater is discharged from the reactor through the outlet.

[0021] According to the present invention, preferably, the micro-nano electrolytic material slurry of the horn-shaped carrier installed close to the side in the sludge hopper is carried into the outer layer for secondary utilization by the action of the gas-liquid separator in the liquid downcomer. The micro-nano electrolytic material in the sludge hopper that is not carried away by the horn-shaped carrier is discharged from the reactor through the sludge discharge port.

[0022] According to the present invention, preferably, the micro-nano electrolytic material and wastewater are mixed at a mass ratio of 1:3000 to 1:1000; more preferably, they are mixed at a mass ratio of 1:2000.

[0023] According to the present invention, preferably, the liquid-solid mixture is mixed with the gas connected to the external air fan at a volume ratio of 1:1 to 1:0.2, and after the gas-liquid-solid mixing is completed in the double helix mixer, it reaches the three-phase separation unit at an upflow velocity of 3-10 m / h for preliminary gas-liquid-solid three-phase separation.

[0024] Preferably, the liquid-solid mixture is mixed with the gas connected to an external air fan at a volume ratio of 1:0.5. After the gas-liquid-solid mixture is mixed, it reaches the three-phase separation unit at an upflow velocity of 6 m / h for preliminary gas-liquid-solid three-phase separation.

[0025] According to the present invention, preferably, the particle size of the micro / nano electrolytic material is 300 nm to 300 μm.

[0026] According to the present invention, preferably, the mass ratio of the micro-nano electrolytic materials brought into the outer layer by the horn-shaped carrier and discharged from the reactor through the sludge discharge port is 1:1 to 1:5, and more preferably 1:3.

[0027] According to the present invention, in a preferred embodiment, the shell of the energy-saving self-circulating candle reactor has an overall appearance of an inverted cylindrical candle shape, with an inner and outer two-layer structure. The diameter ratio of the outer layer to the inner layer is 3:1 to 5:1, and the height-to-diameter ratio of the outer layer 1 is 8:1 to 10:1. The smaller the particle size of the micro / nano electrolytic material 11, the smaller the diameter ratio of the inner layer to the outer layer, and the smaller the height-to-diameter ratio of the outer layer. The shell is used to install a three-phase mixing unit, a three-phase separation unit, a gas-liquid separation circulation unit, a solid-liquid separation circulation unit, and an intelligent control unit, providing physical support and bearing space for the above units and the organic combination between them.

[0028] The three-phase mixing unit, located at the lower end of the housing, is used to achieve gas-liquid-solid three-phase mixing. It consists of a double-helix mixer, a solid-liquid mixer, an air blower, and connecting pipes. Its main functions are to provide and control the oxygen partial pressure, uniformly disperse the micro / nano electrolytic materials, and provide an upflow velocity. The gas is connected to an external air blower to maintain the ORP potential required for the micro / nano electrolytic materials, provide oxygen, and enhance mixing; it is connected to the double-helix mixer. The liquid is untreated wastewater rich in heavy metals, recalcitrant organic pollutants, and other harmful substances; the solid is the newly added micro / nano electrolytic materials. After mixing the untreated wastewater rich in heavy metals, recalcitrant organic pollutants, and other harmful substances with the newly added micro / nano electrolytic materials in the solid-liquid mixer, the mixture enters the double-helix mixer through connecting pipes, where it is fully mixed with the gas from the external air blower to achieve three-phase batching.

[0029] The three-phase separation unit, located at the upper end of the shell, mainly consists of multi-layer separation plates, a gas collection pipe, a gas chamber, and a water collection tank. It is used to achieve preliminary three-phase separation of the gas, liquid, and solid phases after the reaction. The gas is the air that enters after the reaction through the three-phase mixing unit; the liquid is the treated wastewater; and the solid is the micro / nano electrolytic material. The multi-layer separation plates separate the gas, liquid, and solid phases through changes in flow velocity between the plate spacing. The initially separated gas is collected in the gas chamber through the gas collection pipe; the treated wastewater and its carried micro / nano electrolytic material enter the inner solid-liquid separation circulation unit through the water collection tank.

[0030] The gas-liquid separation and circulation unit, located at the top of the shell, mainly consists of a gas riser, a gas-liquid separator, a liquid downflow pipe, and a horn-shaped carrier. It functions to finely separate the gas from the three-phase separation unit and the lifted liquid, enhance the stirring intensity within the reactor, and carry the separated solids back into the reactor for further reaction. The gas riser connects the gas chamber and the gas-liquid separator of the three-phase separation unit, achieving deep separation of the gas and the wastewater carried by it during its lifting action within the gas-liquid separator. The separated gas is discharged to the outside through an exhaust port at the top of the gas separator; the separated wastewater enters the liquid downflow pipe. The liquid downflow pipe passes through the solid-liquid separation and circulation unit located at the lower end of the shell and connects to the horn-shaped carrier installed on the solid-liquid separation and circulation sludge hopper, thus returning the wastewater separated by the gas separator to the bottom of the reactor, achieving a self-circulation function.

[0031] The solid-liquid separation circulation unit is located in the inner layer of the shell and mainly consists of an outlet, a central guide tube, a throat diffuser, a sludge hopper, and a sludge discharge port. The central guide tube is connected to the water collection tank of the three-phase separator and extends to the center of the candle reactor shell, with its end connected to the throat diffuser. The wastewater and the micro-nano electrolytic materials it carries after separation by the three-phase separator undergo solid-liquid separation through sedimentation. The treated wastewater is discharged from the reactor through the outlet; a portion of the separated micro-nano electrolytic materials is carried into the reactor through the sewage in the liquid downcomer of the gas-liquid separation circulation unit and the throat diffuser, thus achieving self-circulation of the micro-nano electrolytic materials. The remaining portion is discharged from the reactor by gravity through the sludge discharge port located at the bottom of the sludge hopper.

[0032] The control unit mainly consists of a detection instrument group, a control instrument group, and a PLC control unit. When equipped with an AI edge calculator, intelligent control can be further achieved. Specifically, the detection instrument group performs various parameter monitoring within the reactor and various operating environment monitoring. These parameters include, but are not limited to, various wastewater parameters (such as COD, pH, conductivity, and characteristic pollutant concentrations) and various micro / nano electrolytic material parameters (such as concentration distribution and stock distribution). Operating environment monitoring includes, but is not limited to, pressure, temperature, and density. The control instrument group includes, but is not limited to, wastewater flow rate, chemical dosage, and valve start / stop functions, and executes various commands issued by the PLC control module. All data collected by the detection instrument group is aggregated into the PLC control module, which then executes the parameters pre-set by the PLC. When equipped with an AI edge calculator, the AI ​​edge calculator performs optimized calculations based on the data collected by the detection instrument group, and then the PLC control unit, through the control instrument group, achieves intelligent operation of the reactor.

[0033] According to the present invention, the energy-saving self-circulating candle reactor has the characteristics of energy saving and self-circulation, which are reflected in the energy-saving self-circulation of wastewater and the energy-saving self-circulation of micro-nano electrolysis materials.

[0034] Specifically, the wastewater energy-saving self-circulation is manifested in the fact that the wastewater carried by the gas in the three-phase separator, after being separated by the gas-liquid separator, returns to the outer layer of the candle reactor through the liquid downcomer and the horn-shaped carrier, thus achieving self-circulation. The mechanism lies in the density difference between the gas and liquid, and the fact that the gas volume increases as the liquid level decreases. Therefore, during the upward flow of gas in the gas riser, the increased volume of bubbles at the upper end of the gas riser causes the liquid to be lifted at the lower end of the gas riser. With the continuous entry and exit of gas in the gas riser, the wastewater is continuously lifted to the gas-liquid separator, thus achieving continuous wastewater circulation. From an energy perspective, the energy of the gas itself is converted into the potential energy of carrying the wastewater during the spontaneous upward flow. Since the wastewater self-circulation is driven by no external power, this self-circulation has energy-saving characteristics.

[0035] Specifically, the energy-saving self-circulation of micro-nano electrolytic materials is manifested in the following way: when the wastewater separated by the gas-liquid separator flows through the sludge hopper near the side-mounted funnel-shaped carrier, the micro-nano electrolytic materials near the funnel-shaped carrier are carried into the outer layer of the candle reactor, thus achieving self-circulation of the micro-nano electrolytic materials. The mechanism lies in the fact that the flow velocity of the wastewater in the liquid flow tube far exceeds the settling velocity of the micro-nano electrolytic material slurry at the funnel opening. Due to the velocity difference between the two fluids at the funnel opening carrier, a Venturi effect is triggered, and the traction negative pressure generated by the faster-flowing fluid carries the micro-nano electrolytic material slurry into the outer layer of the candle reactor. From an energy perspective, the wastewater separated by the gas-liquid separator has extremely high potential energy. During the descent of the liquid in the downflow tube, the potential energy of the wastewater is converted into kinetic energy. Upon reaching the funnel-shaped carrier, the kinetic energy of the wastewater is further transferred to the kinetic energy of the relatively slower-flowing micro-nano electrolytic material slurry. Since the self-circulation of the micro-nano electrolytic materials requires no external power, this self-circulation is energy-saving.

[0036] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0037] The energy-saving self-circulating candle reactor of this invention can be used to degrade toxic and difficult-to-degrade wastewater from chemical processes using micro-nano electrolytic materials. It features simple structure, precise material separation, small footprint, and easy control. Its unique energy-saving self-circulating function can greatly improve the utilization rate of micro-nano electrolytic materials and reduce energy consumption. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the energy-saving self-circulating candle reactor of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a partial three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the multi-layer separation plate, gas collection pipe, and gas chamber in the three-phase separation unit of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 3 This is a partial structural plan view of the multilayer separation plate, gas collection pipe, and gas chamber in the three-phase separation unit of the present invention.

[0041] The components are as follows: 1. Outer layer; 2. Inner layer; 3. Shell; 4. Control unit; 5. Double helix mixer; 6. Solid-liquid mixer; 7. Connecting pipe; 8. Air fan; 9. Air; 10. Wastewater; 11. Micro-nano electrolytic material; 12. Multi-layer separation plate; 13. Gas collection pipe; 14. Gas chamber; 15. Water collection tank; 16. Gas riser; 17. Gas-liquid separator; 18. Liquid downflow pipe; 19. Horn-type carrier; 20. Mist eliminator; 21. Water outlet; 22. Central guide tube; 23. Throat diffuser; 24. Sludge hopper; 25. Sludge discharge port. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings, but is not limited thereto.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, an energy-saving self-circulating candle reactor includes a cylindrical shell 3, a three-phase mixing unit, a three-phase separation unit, a gas-liquid separation circulation unit, and a solid-liquid separation circulation unit.

[0045] The shell 3 includes an outer layer 1 and an inner layer 2 with concentric structures. The three-phase mixing unit includes a double helix mixer 5, a solid-liquid mixer 6 and an air blower 8 located at the bottom of the outer layer 1. The solid-liquid mixer 6 and the air blower 8 are respectively connected to the double helix mixer 5 through connecting pipes 7.

[0046] The three-phase separation unit includes a multi-layer separation plate 12, a gas collection pipe 13, a gas chamber 14, and a water collection tank 15 located on the upper part of the outer layer 1. The multi-layer separation plate 12 is connected to the gas chamber 14 through the gas collection pipe 13, and the water collection tank 15 is located above the multi-layer separation plate 12.

[0047] The gas-liquid separation circulation unit includes a gas-liquid separator 17 located at the top of the housing 3, which is connected to the gas chamber 14 via a gas riser pipe 16; a horn-shaped carrier 19 is provided at the lower part of the inner layer 2, which has an opening communicating with the outer layer 1; a liquid downflow pipe 18 is connected to the bottom of the gas-liquid separator 17, which extends to the lower part of the inner layer 2 and has an opening at its free end.

[0048] The solid-liquid separation circulation unit includes a central guide tube 22 located on the upper part of the inner layer 2, a water collection tank 15 connected to the top of the central guide tube 22, a throat diffuser 23 located at the bottom of the central guide tube 22 that diffuses towards the outer layer 1, a water outlet 21 located at the upper part of the central guide tube 22, and a mud hopper 24 located at the bottom of the inner layer 2 with a mud discharge port 25.

[0049] In this embodiment, the solid-liquid mixer 6 is a cylindrical structure with a wastewater inlet 10 and a micro-nano electrolytic material inlet 11. The double-helix mixer 5 is a cylindrical structure with a double-helix rotor. The bottom of the double-helix mixer 5 is connected to an air fan 8 via a connecting pipe 7, and the lower part of the double-helix mixer 5 is connected to the solid-liquid mixer 6 via a connecting pipe 7.

[0050] The multi-layer separation plate 12 is a two-layer triangular iron arrangement structure. The bottom surface of each layer of triangular iron is open, and the top corner is connected to the gas chamber 14 through the gas collection pipe 13. The two layers of triangular iron are arranged alternately. The diameter ratio of the outer layer 1 to the inner layer 2 is 3:1, and the height-to-diameter ratio of the outer layer is 8:1.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] As described in Example 1, the difference is:

[0053] The upper part of the gas-liquid separator 17 is also provided with a mist eliminator 20, and the top of the gas-liquid separator 17 is provided with an exhaust port.

[0054] Example 3

[0055] As described in Example 1, the difference is:

[0056] The diameter ratio of outer layer 1 to inner layer 2 is 5:1, and the height-to-diameter ratio of the outer layer is 10:1.

[0057] Example 4

[0058] As described in Example 1, the difference is:

[0059] The energy-saving self-circulating candle reactor also includes a control unit 4 connected to the shell 3. The control unit 4 includes a detection instrument group, a control instrument group, and a PLC control module. The detection instrument group, the control instrument group, and the PLC control module are connected through control circuits.

[0060] Example 5

[0061] The operating method of any one of the energy-saving self-circulating candle reactors in Examples 1-4 includes the following steps:

[0062] The micro-nano electrolytic material 11 and the untreated wastewater 10 rich in heavy metals, recalcitrant organic pollutants and other harmful substances are initially mixed in the solid-liquid mixer 6 to form a liquid-solid mixture. Then, the liquid-solid mixture is mixed with the gas connected to the external air fan 8 in the double helix mixer 5 to complete the gas-liquid-solid mixing, and then arrives at the three-phase separation unit for preliminary gas-liquid-solid three-phase separation.

[0063] During the three-phase separation process, the gas separated by the multi-layer separation plate 12 is collected into the gas chamber 14 through the gas collection pipe 13, and then reaches the gas-liquid separator 17 through the gas lift pipe 16 connected to the gas chamber. In the gas-liquid separator 17, the gas and the wastewater it carries are further separated. The gas after the two separations is discharged to the outside through the exhaust port set at the top of the gas-liquid separator 17. The wastewater after the separation by the multi-layer separation plate 12 and the micro-nano electrolytic material 11 it carries enter the solid-liquid separation circulation unit through the water collection tank 15 to carry out solid-liquid separation.

[0064] The wastewater and the micro-nano electrolytic materials 11 carried by it after separation by the multi-layer separation plate 12 enter the central guide tube 22 through the water collection tank 15. In the inner layer 2, the treated wastewater and the used micro-nano electrolytic materials 11 are separated through free sedimentation, stratified sedimentation and compression sedimentation. The separated micro-nano electrolytic materials 11 slurry is further precipitated into the mud hopper 24. The treated wastewater is discharged from the reactor through the outlet 21.

[0065] The micro-nano electrolytic material slurry in the sludge hopper 24, which is installed close to the side by the horn-shaped carrier 19, is carried into the outer layer 1 for secondary utilization by the action of the gas-liquid separator 17 in the liquid downflow pipe 18 through the Venturi effect. The micro-nano electrolytic material 11 in the sludge hopper 24 that is not carried away by the horn-shaped carrier 19 is discharged from the reactor through the sludge discharge port 25.

[0066] In this embodiment, the micro-nano electrolytic material 11 and wastewater 10 are mixed at a mass ratio of 1:3000; the liquid-solid mixture is mixed with gas from an external air blower 8 at a volume ratio of 1:1, and after gas-liquid-solid mixing is completed in the double-helix mixer 5, it reaches the three-phase separation unit at an upflow rate of 3 m / h for preliminary gas-liquid-solid three-phase separation; the particle size of the micro-nano electrolytic material is 300 nm to 300 μm. The mass ratio of the micro-nano electrolytic material brought into the outer layer 1 by the horn-shaped carrier 19 and discharged from the reactor through the sludge discharge port 25 is 1:1.

[0067] Example 6

[0068] As described in Example 5, the difference is:

[0069] Micro-nano electrolytic materials 11 and wastewater 10 are mixed at a mass ratio of 1:1000. The liquid-solid mixture is mixed with gas from an external air blower 8 at a volume ratio of 1:0.2. After the gas-liquid-solid mixing is completed in the double-helix mixer 5, it reaches the three-phase separation unit at an upflow velocity of 10 m / h for preliminary gas-liquid-solid three-phase separation. The mass ratio of micro-nano electrolytic materials brought into the outer layer 1 by the horn-type carrier 19 and discharged from the reactor through the sludge discharge port 25 is 1:5.

Claims

1. An energy-saving self-circulating candle reactor, characterized in that, The reactor includes a cylindrical shell (3), a three-phase mixing unit, a three-phase separation unit, a gas-liquid separation circulation unit, and a solid-liquid separation circulation unit; The shell (3) includes an outer layer (1) and an inner layer (2) with concentric structure. The three-phase mixing unit includes a double helix mixer (5), a solid-liquid mixer (6) and an air blower (8) located at the bottom of the outer layer (1). The solid-liquid mixer (6) and the air blower (8) are respectively connected to the double helix mixer (5) through connecting pipes (7). The three-phase separation unit includes a multi-layer separation plate (12), a gas collection pipe (13), a gas chamber (14), and a water collection tank (15) located on the upper part of the outer layer (1). The multi-layer separation plate (12) is connected to the gas chamber (14) through the gas collection pipe (13), and the water collection tank (15) is located above the multi-layer separation plate (12). The gas-liquid separation circulation unit includes a gas-liquid separator (17) located at the top of the shell (3), which is connected to the gas chamber (14) via a gas riser pipe (16); a horn-shaped carrier (19) is provided at the lower part of the inner layer (2), which has an opening that communicates with the outer layer (1); a liquid downflow pipe (18) is connected to the bottom of the gas-liquid separator (17), which extends to the lower part of the inner layer (2) and has an opening at the free end. The solid-liquid separation circulation unit includes a central guide tube (22) set on the upper part of the inner layer (2), a water collection tank (15) connected to the top of the central guide tube (22), a throat diffuser (23) that diffuses outward to the outer layer (1) set at the bottom of the central guide tube (22), a water outlet (21) set on the upper part of the central guide tube (22), and a mud hopper (24) with a mud discharge port (25) connected to the bottom of the inner layer (2). The micro-nano electrolytic material slurry in the horn-shaped carrier (19) installed close to the side in the mud bucket (24) is carried into the outer layer (1) for secondary utilization through the Venturi effect by the separation of wastewater from the gas-liquid separator (17) in the liquid downflow pipe (18).

2. The energy-saving self-circulating candle reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solid-liquid mixer (6) is a cylindrical structure with a wastewater (10) inlet and a micro-nano electrolytic material (11) inlet.

3. The energy-saving self-circulating candle reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The double helix mixer (5) is a cylindrical structure with a double helix rotating rod. The bottom of the double helix mixer (5) is connected to an air fan (8) through a connecting pipe (7), and the lower part of the double helix mixer (5) is connected to a solid-liquid mixer (6) through a connecting pipe (7).

4. The energy-saving self-circulating candle reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-layer separation plate (12) is a triangular iron arrangement structure with at least two layers. The bottom surface of each layer of triangular iron is open and the top corner is connected to the gas chamber (14) through the gas collection pipe (13). The triangular irons of different layers are arranged alternately.

5. The energy-saving self-circulating candle reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper part of the gas-liquid separator (17) is also provided with a mist eliminator (20), and the top of the gas-liquid separator (17) is provided with an exhaust port.

6. The energy-saving self-circulating candle reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter ratio of the outer layer (1) to the inner layer (2) is 3:1 to 5:1, and the height-to-diameter ratio of the outer layer is 8:1 to 10:

1.

7. The energy-saving self-circulating candle reactor according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The energy-saving self-circulating candle reactor also includes a control unit (4) connected to the shell (3). The control unit (4) includes a detection instrument group, a control instrument group, and a PLC control module. The detection instrument group, the control instrument group, and the PLC control module are connected by a control circuit.

8. The method of operating the energy-saving self-circulating candle reactor according to any one of claims 1-6, comprising the following steps: Micro-nano electrolytic materials (11) and untreated wastewater (10) rich in heavy metals, recalcitrant organic pollutants and other harmful substances are initially mixed in a solid-liquid mixer (6) to form a liquid-solid mixture. Then, the liquid-solid mixture is mixed with gas from an external air fan (8) in a double-helix mixer (5) and arrives at the three-phase separation unit for preliminary gas-liquid-solid three-phase separation. During the three-phase separation process, the gas separated by the multi-layer separation plate (12) is collected into the gas chamber (14) through the gas collection pipe (13), and then reaches the gas-liquid separator (17) through the gas lift pipe (16) connected to the gas chamber. In the gas-liquid separator (17), the gas and the wastewater it carries are further separated. The gas after the two separations is discharged to the outside through the exhaust port set at the top of the gas-liquid separator (17). The wastewater and the micro-nano electrolytic materials (11) it carries after the separation by the multi-layer separation plate (12) enter the solid-liquid separation circulation unit through the water collection tank (15) to carry out solid-liquid separation. The wastewater and the micro-nano electrolytic materials (11) carried by it after separation by the multi-layer separation plate (12) enter the central guide tube (22) through the water collection tank (15). In the inner layer (2), the wastewater after treatment and the micro-nano electrolytic materials (11) after use are separated through free sedimentation, stratified sedimentation and compression sedimentation. The separated micro-nano electrolytic materials (11) slurry is further settled into the mud hopper (24). The treated wastewater is discharged from the reactor through the outlet (21). The micro-nano electrolytic material slurry in the mud hopper (24) near the side of the horn-shaped carrier (19) is carried into the outer layer (1) for secondary utilization by the Venturi effect under the action of the wastewater separated by the gas-liquid separator (17) in the liquid downflow pipe (18). The micro-nano electrolytic material (11) in the mud hopper (24) that is not carried away by the horn-shaped carrier (19) is discharged from the reactor through the mud discharge port (25).

9. The working method of the energy-saving self-circulating candle reactor according to claim 8, characterized in that, Micro-nano electrolytic materials (11) and wastewater (10) are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:3000 to 1:1000.

10. The working method of the energy-saving self-circulating candle reactor according to claim 8, characterized in that, The liquid-solid mixture is mixed with the gas connected to the external air fan (8) at a volume ratio of 1:1 to 1:0.

2. After the gas-liquid-solid mixing is completed in the double helix mixer (5), it reaches the three-phase separation unit at an upflow velocity of 3-10 m / h for preliminary gas-liquid-solid three-phase separation.

11. The working method of the energy-saving self-circulating candle reactor according to claim 8, characterized in that, The particle size of the micro-nano electrolytic material (11) is 300 nm to 300 μm.

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