Heating inorganic artificial stone and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a heating inorganic artificial stone and a preparation method thereof.The heating inorganic artificial stone comprises a bottom layer and a surface layer integrally synthesized on the bottom layer, and the bottom layer is prepared from graphite, an iron net, cement, graded quartz sand, latex, a water reducing agent and water; the surface layer is prepared from the following raw materials: cement, graded quartz sand, latex, a water reducing agent and water. The principle that graphite conducts electricity and heats after an external power source is connected with the iron net is adopted, a double-layer material distribution method is utilized, a bottom layer conducting heat source is composed of a mixed state of graphite and materials and the double-layer iron net, and a surface layer is an inorganic artificial stone decoration layer and can be adjusted according to style requirements. The heating performance is stable, traditional floor heating is replaced, temperature rise is fast and uniform, and the price is low compared with the price of adopting graphene as the raw material. The method for preparing the heating inorganic artificial stone is easy and convenient to operate, only stirring and pressing integrated forming are needed, the production technological process is simple, and the cost is low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a heat - generating inorganic artificial stone and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of new building materials. Background Art

[0002] With the progress of technology, heat - generating inorganic artificial stone has gradually become a new type of material, especially showing important application value in the fields of modern architecture, decoration and energy conservation. It can release heat under specific conditions, thereby improving the heat - preservation performance of buildings. Through reasonable design and technical optimization, the effect of energy conservation and consumption reduction can be achieved, which is of great significance for reducing the consumption of traditional energy and improving the energy utilization efficiency of buildings. The research on heat - generating inorganic artificial stone has broken through the limitations of traditional stones in decoration and function, broadened its application fields, and is an important step for the stone industry to develop towards the direction of intelligence and functionality.

[0003] The preparation methods of heat - generating inorganic artificial stone in the prior art include the pasting method and the inlaying method. Among them, 1) for the pasting method, inorganic artificial stone (such as quartz stone, artificial marble, etc.) is first prepared as a base material, and the graphene heating film or heating sheet is pasted on the back or in the interlayer of the inorganic artificial stone with thermal conductive adhesive, ensuring flatness and no air bubbles; the adhesive is cured at an appropriate temperature to ensure the firm combination of the heating component and the stone; an insulating protective layer is covered on the surface of the heating component to prevent electric leakage or damage; 2) for the inlaying method, grooves are cut on the back or inside of the prepared stone, and the size of the grooves matches that of the graphene heating component; the graphene heating film or heating sheet is embedded in the grooves to ensure close contact with the stone; thermal conductive adhesive or filling material is used to fix the heating component and seal the groove opening; an insulating layer is covered on the surface of the heating component for insulation treatment to ensure safety. The defects existing in the above - mentioned existing technical solutions are: the manufacturing process is complex and the price is relatively high, resulting in a high use cost. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (1) Technical Problems to be Solved

[0005] In order to solve the above problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a heat - generating inorganic artificial stone and a preparation method thereof.

[0006] (2) Technical Solutions

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the main technical solutions adopted by the present invention include:

[0008] A heat-generating inorganic artificial stone comprises a bottom layer and an integrally synthesized surface layer thereon, wherein the bottom layer is made of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 20 to 30 parts of cement, 50 to 65 parts of graded quartz sand, 3 to 7 parts of latex, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of a water reducer, 3 to 10 parts of water, and 2.3 to 3.5% of graphite and 2 iron meshes based on the mass of the total raw materials; and the surface layer is made of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 20 to 30 parts of cement, 55 to 70 parts of graded quartz sand, 1 to 3 parts of latex, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of a water reducer and 1 to 2 parts of water.

[0009] Furthermore, the particle size of the graded quartz sand in the bottom layer is 8-16 mesh, 16-26 mesh, 26-40 mesh, 40-70 mesh, 70-120 mesh, and 325 mesh, and they are mixed at a mass ratio of 34:21:13:12:13:7; the particle size of the graded quartz sand in the surface layer is 8-16 mesh, 16-26 mesh, 26-40 mesh, 40-70 mesh, 70-120 mesh, and 325 mesh, and they are mixed at a mass ratio of 14:21:13:17:18:17; the mesh size of the iron mesh is 10-20 mm, and the diameter of the iron wire of the iron mesh is 0.5-1.5 mm.

[0010] The water reducing agent in the base layer is lignin sulfonate water reducing agent, and the latex is styrene-butadiene latex liquid; the water reducing agent in the surface layer is polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducing agent, and the latex is acrylic latex liquid.

[0011] Among them, polycarboxylic acid high-performance water-reducing agent refers to a water-reducing agent with a water-reducing rate of usually more than 30%, which can effectively reduce the water consumption of concrete and improve the strength and durability of concrete.

[0012] Through a large number of experimental studies, it is found that in the present invention, lignosulfonate water reducer and styrene-butadiene latex are preferably used in combination for the bottom layer. The lignosulfonate water reducer can improve the workability of inorganic artificial stone aggregates, facilitating construction; the styrene-butadiene latex can form a conductive network in the inorganic artificial stone aggregates, improving the conductive performance of the bottom layer, and having good conductivity and adhesiveness; for the surface layer, polycarboxylate superplasticizer and acrylic latex are preferably used in combination. The polycarboxylate superplasticizer can improve the strength and fluidity of the inorganic artificial stone aggregates in the surface layer; the acrylic latex can enhance the flexural and compressive resistance of the surface layer, having relatively high hardness and toughness; at the same time, the acrylic latex has relatively good thermal conductivity, which can improve the thermal conductivity of the surface layer to a certain extent. If the dosage of polycarboxylate superplasticizer is too much (such as higher than 1.5 parts), it will significantly prolong the setting time of the inorganic artificial stone aggregates, possibly resulting in water bleeding on the surface, affecting the flatness and strength of the surface layer; if the dosage is too little (such as lower than 0.5 part), its water-reducing and strength-enhancing effects cannot be fully exerted, and the fluidity and strength of the inorganic artificial stone aggregates are not significantly improved, making it difficult to meet the high-performance requirements of the surface layer. If the dosage of lignosulfonate water reducer is too much (such as higher than 1.5 parts), it will increase the air content, possibly resulting in a reduction in the strength of the bottom layer and affecting its load-bearing capacity; if the dosage is too little (such as lower than 0.5 part), the fluidity of the inorganic artificial stone aggregates is not significantly improved, increasing the construction difficulty and being unfavorable for the pouring and forming of the bottom layer. Excessive styrene-butadiene emulsion leads to a sharp increase in porosity and a decrease in the compressive strength of the bottom layer, and the conductive network fails due to excessive dispersion; with a small amount of latex film being discontinuous, the bonding strength is insufficient and the conductive performance does not reach the threshold, so the styrene-butadiene emulsion is preferably 3 - 7 parts. Excessive risk: Excessive acrylic latex results in a too thick latex film, increasing brittleness and decreasing flexural strength; with a small amount of latex film being discontinuous, the bonding strength is insufficient, so the acrylic latex is preferably 1 - 3 parts.

[0013] For the heat-generating inorganic artificial stone as described above, preferably, the bottom layer is made of the following raw materials by mass parts: 25 parts of cement, 56 parts of graded quartz sand, 5 parts of latex, 1 part of water reducer, 8 parts of water, 3 parts of graphite, and 2 iron meshes; the surface layer is made of the following raw materials by mass parts: 25 parts of cement, 68 parts of graded quartz sand, 3 parts of latex, 1 part of water reducer, and 1 part of water.

[0014] A preparation method of a heat-generating inorganic artificial stone, which comprises the following steps:

[0015] S1. Prepare the bottom layer mixture: First, mix and stir the quartz sand and graphite, then pour the water reducer and water into the mixer and stir evenly, then pour the cement into the mixer and stir, and finally pour the emulsion into the mixer and stir evenly; prepare the surface layer raw materials, and prepare the surface layer mixture according to the above feeding sequence except without adding graphite.

[0016] S2. Spread the mixed bottom layer material in the mold, then place the first iron mesh on the spread bottom layer material, then spread the bottom layer material on the first iron mesh, then place the second iron mesh on the spread bottom layer material for pre-pressing, after the pre-pressing is completed, spread the surface layer mixture on the iron mesh, and finally press the mold after the laying is completed under vacuum state

[0017] S3, curing the formed rough board;

[0018] S4. After the rough board is cured, it is demoulded and continued to be cured. After the curing is completed, the product is ground and polished.

[0019] As described above, preferably, in step S1, the raw materials are calculated by mass: in the base layer, 20 to 30 parts of cement, 50 to 65 parts of graded quartz sand, 3 to 7 parts of styrene-butadiene latex, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of lignin sulfonate water reducer, 3 to 10 parts of water, and 2.3 to 3.5% of graphite based on the mass of the total raw materials; in the surface layer, 20 to 30 parts of cement, 55 to 70 parts of graded quartz sand, 1 to 3 parts of latex, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducer, and 1 to 2 parts of water.

[0020] In the preparation method as described above, preferably, in step S1, the stirring time of the quartz sand and graphite is 2 to 3 minutes; and the other stirring time is 3 to 5 minutes.

[0021] In the preparation method as described above, preferably, in step S2, after the bottom layer raw material is spread in the mold to a thickness of 3 to 4 mm, the first iron mesh is laid; when the thickness from the bottom layer raw material on the first iron mesh to the first iron mesh is 8 to 10 mm, the second iron mesh is laid; the surface layer is laid with a thickness of 14 to 16 mm.

[0022] In the preparation method as described above, preferably, in step S2, the air density is preferably -0.095 MPa, the press holding time is preferably 120 to 180 seconds, and the press pressure is preferably 12 to 16 MPa;

[0023] In the preparation method as described above, preferably, in step S3, the curing temperature is 20-40° C., the humidity is ≥95%, and the curing time is 20-28 h.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment, in step S4, the demoulding curing is a closed steam spray curing, the curing environment temperature is controlled at 20-40° C., the humidity is controlled at more than 95%, and the curing time is 14-28 days.

[0025] (III) Beneficial effects

[0026] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0027] The heat-generating inorganic artificial stone provided by the present invention uses the principle of graphite conductive heating after being connected to an external power supply. By using the double-layer fabric method, the heat source for the bottom layer to conduct electricity and generate heat is composed of a mixed state of graphite and materials and a double-layer iron mesh. The surface layer is the decorative layer of the inorganic artificial stone and can also be adjusted according to style requirements; its heat generation performance is stable, replacing traditional floor heating, with fast and uniform temperature rise, and is cheaper compared to using graphene as the raw material. This heat-generating inorganic artificial stone can be used for wall heating: for bathrooms, background walls, etc., with both decorative and heating functions. It can also be used for outdoor snow melting: for steps, ramps, etc., to prevent snow and ice accumulation.

[0028] The preparation method of the heat-generating inorganic artificial stone provided by the present invention is simple and convenient to operate, and can be obtained only by stirring and pressing; using this method to prepare the heat-generating inorganic artificial stone is integrally formed, the production process flow is relatively simple, the cost is low, and the decorative layer is closely attached to the heat source with small energy loss, and the decorative layer completely covers the iron mesh, and the decorative layer is an insulating material, which is safe and stable; this preparation method also overcomes the disadvantages of complex manufacturing processes and relatively high prices in the prior art. Description of the Drawings

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the application of the heat-generating inorganic artificial stone of the present invention.

[0030]

Explanation of the Reference Numerals in the Drawings

[0031] 1: Decorative layer;

[0032] 2: Heat-generating layer;

[0033] 3: Iron mesh;

[0034] 4: Power supply. Detailed Embodiments

[0035] The present invention provides a heat-generating inorganic artificial stone, which includes a bottom layer and a surface layer integrally synthesized thereon. As Figure 1 shown, by using graphite, iron mesh, cement, graded quartz sand, latex, water reducing agent and water to first prepare the bottom layer, which is the heat-generating layer 2, and the heat-generating layer 2 contains two layers of iron mesh; then the mixture of the surface layer is covered on the bottom layer to obtain the decorative layer 1; the raw materials of the surface layer are cement, graded quartz sand, latex, water reducing agent and water. When in use, the iron mesh is connected to the power supply 4, so that the iron mesh generates heat, driving the graphite in the bottom layer to conduct heat, thereby realizing the heating demand for heat preservation.

[0036] The working principle of the heat-generating inorganic artificial stone of the present invention is based on resistance heating and high-efficiency graphite heat conduction. The iron mesh is used as the conductive medium in the bottom layer. After being energized, Joule heat is generated due to the current passing through the resistance (Q = I 2Rt). The two-layer iron mesh structure expands the heating area, making the heat distribution more uniform. The graphite added to the bottom layer has excellent thermal conductivity (thermal conductivity of about 100 - 150 W / (m·K)), which can quickly conduct the heat generated by the iron mesh to the entire bottom layer, forming a uniform heating body; the decorative layer uses a cement-based material similar to the bottom layer, which not only protects the heating layer but also transfers heat to the environment through its own thermal conductivity to achieve heating. The heat-generating inorganic artificial stone provided by the present invention can replace traditional floor heating, with fast and uniform temperature rise, and is cheaper than using graphene as a raw material. This heat-generating inorganic artificial stone can be used for wall heating: for bathrooms, background walls, etc., with both decorative and heating functions. It can also be used for outdoor snow melting: for steps, ramps, etc., to prevent snow and ice accumulation.

[0037] To better explain the present invention for easy understanding, the following will describe the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings through specific embodiments. The raw materials used in the embodiments of the present invention can be commercially available products. Among them, the size of the mesh holes of the iron mesh is 15 mm, the diameter of the iron wire of the iron mesh is 1 mm. For the bottom layer, lignosulfonate water reducer and styrene-butadiene latex are selected in combination, and for the surface layer, polycarboxylate superplasticizer and acrylic latex are selected in combination. The iron mesh: it can conduct electricity; the lignosulfonate water reducer can be purchased from Handan Chenghe Building Materials Co., Ltd.; the polycarboxylate superplasticizer can be purchased from Gaoming Material Technology Branch of CCCC Fourth Harbor Engineering Co., Ltd. Guangzhou Nansha Project; the acrylic latex can be purchased from Beijing Baowei Latex Co., Ltd.; the styrene-butadiene latex can be purchased from Shanghai Xintema Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] A heat-generating inorganic artificial stone, which comprises a bottom layer and a surface layer integrally synthesized thereon. The bottom layer is composed of the following raw materials by mass: 3 parts of graphite, 2 iron meshes (mesh holes are 15 mm, iron wire diameter is 1 mm), 25 parts of cement, 56 parts of graded quartz sand, 5 parts of latex (styrene-butadiene latex), 1 part of water reducer (lignosulfonate water reducer), 8 parts of water; the surface layer is composed of the following raw materials by mass: 25 parts of cement, 68 parts of graded quartz sand, 3 parts of latex (acrylic latex), 1 part of water reducer (polycarboxylate superplasticizer), 1.5 parts of water; among them, the particle size of the graded quartz sand in the bottom layer is 8 - 16 mesh, 16 - 26 mesh, 26 - 40 mesh, 40 - 70 mesh, 70 - 120 mesh, 325 mesh, and they are mixed according to a mass ratio of 34:21:13:12:13:7. The particle size of the graded quartz sand in the surface layer is 8 - 16 mesh, 16 - 26 mesh, 26 - 40 mesh, 40 - 70 mesh, 70 - 120 mesh, 325 mesh, and they are mixed according to a mass ratio of 14:21:13:17:18:17. The bottom layer selects lignosulfonate water reducer and styrene-butadiene latex in combination, and the surface layer selects polycarboxylate superplasticizer and acrylic latex in combination.

[0040] The preparation method of the heat-generating inorganic artificial stone comprises the following steps:

[0041] 1. Use two mixers to stir the aggregates of the bottom layer and the surface layer respectively.

[0042] Among them, for the bottom layer aggregate: First, pour the prepared graded quartz sand and graphite into the mixer and stir evenly for 3 minutes. Then, pour the water reducer and water into the mixer and stir evenly for 3 minutes. Next, pour the cement into the mixer and stir for 5 minutes. Finally, pour the emulsion into the mixer and stir evenly for about 3 minutes.

[0043] For the surface layer aggregate: The remaining operations are the same as those for the bottom layer aggregate stirring process except that no graphite is added.

[0044] 2. After stirring is completed, first spread the bottom layer aggregate flat in the mold to a thickness of about 3 mm. Then, place the first iron mesh on the spread bottom layer aggregate. Next, spread the bottom layer aggregate onto the iron mesh until the total thickness reaches 8 mm. Place the second iron mesh on the spread bottom layer aggregate for pre-pressing. After pre-pressing, spread the surface layer aggregate onto the second iron mesh until the total thickness of the whole stone material reaches 14 mm. Finally, press the mold after spreading the materials into shape under a vacuum state. The vacuum degree is preferably -0.095 MPa, the pressure holding time of the press is preferably 150 s, and the pressure of the press is preferably 14 MPa.

[0045] 3. Then, place the formed rough board in the curing room for curing; preferably, place the rough board in an environment with a temperature of 20 - 40 °C and a humidity ≥ 95% for 24 hours. After the rough board is cured for 24 hours, demold it and perform sealed steam spraying curing. Control the curing environment temperature at 20 - 40 °C and the humidity above 95%. The curing time is 14 - 28 days; after curing is completed, perform grinding and polishing treatment on the product.

[0046] Comparative Example 1

[0047] The raw materials used in this comparative example are the same as those in Example 1, except that there is no iron mesh; the remaining operations are the same as those in Example 1, except that no iron mesh is added.

[0048] Comparative Example 2

[0049] The raw materials used in this comparative example are the same as those in Example 1, except that there is only one iron mesh; the remaining operations are the same as those in Example 1, except that there is only one iron mesh, and only the first iron mesh is added during production.

[0050] Comparative Example 3

[0051] The raw materials used in this comparative example are the same as those in Example 1, except that the graphite content is 4% of the total raw materials of the bottom layer (excluding the iron mesh), and the remaining operations are the same as those in Example 1.

[0052] Comparative Example 4

[0053] The raw materials used in this comparative example are the same as those in Example 1, except that the graphite content is 2% of the total raw materials of the bottom layer (excluding the iron mesh), and the remaining operations are the same as those in Example 1.

[0054] The resistance of the conductive layer at room temperature (25 °C) was measured and calculated using the volt-ampere method. Considering that the product needs to be used indoors, an external power supply was used to keep the voltage constant at 36 V, and the measurement results are shown in Table 1.

[0055] Table 1 Measurement Results

[0056] Resistance / Ω Current / I Q / J Example 1 12 3 108 Comparative Example 1 / / / Comparative Example 2 / / / Comparative Example 3 2 18 648 Comparative Example 4 200 0.18 6.48

[0057] The results show that in Comparative Example 1, no conductive heating could be achieved due to the absence of an iron mesh; in Comparative Example 2, a good conductive path could not be achieved because only a single layer of iron mesh was present; in Comparative Example 3, when the graphite content was too high, the resistance was small, resulting in a large current and affecting human safety; in Comparative Example 4, when the graphite content was too low, the resistance was large and the heat was low, making it unsuitable for building materials such as floor heating.

[0058] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention in other forms. Any person skilled in the art can use the above-disclosed technical content to make changes or modifications into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the technical solution content of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heat-generating inorganic artificial stone, characterized in that: It includes a bottom layer and an integrally synthesized surface layer thereon, wherein the bottom layer is made of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 20 to 30 parts of cement, 50 to 65 parts of graded quartz sand, 3 to 7 parts of latex, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of water reducer, 3 to 10 parts of water, 2.3 to 3.5% of graphite based on the total mass of the aforementioned raw materials, and 2 iron meshes; the surface layer is made of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 20 to 30 parts of cement, 55 to 70 parts of graded quartz sand, 1 to 3 parts of latex, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of water reducer, and 1 to 2 parts of water.

2. The heat-generating inorganic artificial stone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle sizes of the graded quartz sand in the bottom layer are 8-16 mesh, 16-26 mesh, 26-40 mesh, 40-70 mesh, 70-120 mesh and 325 mesh, which are mixed at a mass ratio of 34:21:13:12:13:7; the particle sizes of the graded quartz sand in the surface layer are 8-16 mesh, 16-26 mesh, 26-40 mesh, 40-70 mesh, 70-120 mesh and 325 mesh, which are mixed at a mass ratio of 14:21:13:17:18:17; the mesh size of the iron net is 10-20 mm, and the diameter of the iron wire of the iron net is 0.5-1.5 mm.

3. The heat-generating inorganic artificial stone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base layer is made of lignin sulfonate water reducer and styrene-butadiene latex, and the surface layer is made of polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducer and acrylic latex.

4. The heat-generating inorganic artificial stone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base layer is made of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 25 parts of cement, 56 parts of graded quartz sand, 5 parts of latex, 1 part of water reducer, 8 parts of water, 3 parts of graphite and 2 iron meshes. The surface layer is made of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 25 parts of cement, 68 parts of graded quartz sand, 3 parts of latex, 1 part of water reducer and 1 part of water.

5. A method for preparing a heat-generating inorganic artificial stone, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1. Prepare the bottom layer mixture: first mix quartz sand and graphite, then pour the water reducer and water into the mixer and stir evenly, then pour the cement into the mixer and stir, and finally pour the emulsion into the mixer and stir evenly; prepare the surface layer raw materials, except that graphite is not added, prepare the surface layer mixture according to the above-mentioned order of adding materials; S2. Spread the mixed bottom layer material in the mold, then place the first iron mesh on the spread bottom layer material, then spread the bottom layer material on the first iron mesh, then place the second iron mesh on the spread bottom layer material for pre-pressing, after the pre-pressing is completed, spread the surface layer mixture on the iron mesh, and finally press the mold after the laying is completed under vacuum state S3, curing the formed rough board; S4. After the rough board is cured, it is demoulded and continued to be cured. After the curing is completed, the product is ground and polished.

6. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S1, the raw materials are calculated by weight: in the bottom layer, 20 to 30 parts of cement, 50 to 65 parts of graded quartz sand, 3 to 7 parts of styrene-butadiene latex, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of lignin sulfonate water reducer, 3 to 10 parts of water, and 2.3 to 3.5% of graphite by weight of the total raw materials; in the surface layer, 20 to 30 parts of cement, 55 to 70 parts of graded quartz sand, 1 to 3 parts of latex, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducer, and 1 to 2 parts of water; The stirring time of the quartz sand and graphite is 2 to 3 minutes; the other stirring times are 3 to 5 minutes.

7. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S2, after the bottom layer raw material is spread in the mold to a thickness of 3 to 4 mm, the first iron mesh is laid; when the thickness from the bottom layer raw material on the first iron mesh to the first iron mesh is 8 to 10 mm, the second iron mesh is laid; the laying thickness of the surface layer is 14 to 16 mm.

8. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S2, the air volume is -0.095 MPa, the press holding time is 120 to 180 seconds, and the press pressure is 12 to 16 MPa.

9. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S3, the curing temperature is 20-40°C, the humidity is ≥95%, and the curing time is 20-28 hours.

10. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The demoulding curing is a closed steam spray curing, the curing environment temperature is controlled at 20-40° C., the humidity is controlled at more than 95%, and the curing time is 14-28 days.

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