Fold-line-shaped steel and wood combined and woven roof truss, mounting mold and mounting method

Abstract

The invention relates to a broken-line-shaped steel and wood combined and woven roof truss, a mounting mold and a mounting method, belongs to the technical field of steel and wood combined roof truss construction, and aims to solve the problems of material performance splitting, insufficient node reliability and low construction precision in the prior art. Comprising an upper chord member, a vertical web member and a lower chord member, the upper chord members are fixedly spliced to form an inverted V-shaped upper chord beam, the vertical web members are fixedly connected to the two ends of the upper chord beam, the lower chord members are fixedly connected with the upper chord beam, and the lower chord members are fixedly connected through steel-wood nodes in a staggered mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of the construction of steel-wood composite roof trusses, and in particular relates to a broken-line-shaped steel-wood composite woven roof truss, an installation mold and an installation method. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the continuous development of architectural design and construction technologies, large-span spatial structures have put forward higher requirements for the bearing capacity, artistic expressiveness and construction accuracy of roof truss systems. Traditional roof trusses mostly adopt single materials (such as pure wood or pure steel) or simple combination forms, and there are problems that it is difficult to balance structural performance and decorative effects. For example, although pure wood structures have natural aesthetic features, they are limited by the mechanical properties of wood and are difficult to meet the force requirements of large spans; although pure steel structures have strong bearing capacity, they lack decorativeness, and the cold and hard industrial texture is difficult to coordinate with some architectural styles. In addition, in existing steel-wood composite structures, the node connectors often have large sizes or rough designs, which affect the overall artistic effect of the building, and it is difficult to balance the shear resistance, bending resistance and lightweight requirements of hinged nodes.

[0003] In terms of construction technology, the installation of steel-wood composite roof trusses in the prior art mostly relies on manual experience and lacks special molds and standardized processes. For example, when welding H-shaped steel members, deformation is likely to occur due to unstable fixation, affecting the structural accuracy; the splicing of wood members and steel members often results in uneven reserved gaps or positioning deviations, causing unsightly exposed joints. In addition, traditional installation methods rely highly on the ground flatness, and the process of adjusting the level and angle is cumbersome, resulting in low construction efficiency and obvious error accumulation. Although there are some adjustment devices in the prior art, their functions are single and it is difficult to meet the multi-dimensional positioning requirements of complex broken-line-shaped roof trusses. It is worth noting that although the construction idea of "using folds instead of curves" in ancient Chinese architectural techniques (as described in "Yingzao Fashi") has dual aesthetic and structural values, it has not been effectively transformed into the design language of modern steel-wood composite structures. The roof trusses in the prior art that adopt straight lines or simple curves are difficult to achieve the organic combination of traditional broken-line shapes and modern material properties, restricting the expansion of architectural artistic expressiveness.

[0004] In summary, there is an urgent need in the prior art for a steel-wood composite roof truss system with high load-bearing performance, refined node design, efficient installation technology and artistic expressiveness to solve the core problems such as the fragmentation of material properties, insufficient node reliability, low construction accuracy and lack of cultural inheritance in traditional technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the defects in the prior art, the present invention provides a broken-line-shaped steel-wood composite fabricated roof truss, an installation mold and an installation method thereof, which are used to solve the problems of material property fragmentation, insufficient node reliability and low construction accuracy in the traditional technology. To achieve the above object, a broken-line-shaped steel-wood composite fabricated roof truss provided by the present invention includes: upper chord members, vertical web members and lower chord members, characterized in that: a plurality of the upper chord members are fixedly spliced into an inverted V-shaped upper chord beam, the vertical web members are fixedly connected to both ends of the upper chord beam, the lower chord members are fixedly connected to the upper chord beam, and a plurality of the lower chord members are fixedly connected to each other in an interlaced manner through steel-wood joints.

[0006] Optionally, the upper chord members, the vertical web members and the lower chord members are made of H-shaped steel, the upper chord members and the lower chord members are connected by welding, and the lower chord members are connected by wooden pins.

[0007] Optionally, an installation mold for a broken-line-shaped steel-wood composite fabricated roof truss includes: a lower clamping part and an upper clamping part. When the lower clamping part and the upper clamping part are closed, an H-shaped notch is formed in the middle, and the lower clamping part and the upper clamping part are detachably connected.

[0008] Optionally, the lower clamping part and the upper clamping part are fixedly connected by a screw.

[0009] Optionally, the installation mold for the broken-line-shaped steel-wood composite fabricated roof truss further includes a walking base, a horizontal adjustment component, a connecting seat, a slider and a strong light level. The horizontal adjustment component is installed on the walking base, the connecting seat is installed at the top of the horizontal adjustment component, an annular guide rail is provided on the connecting seat, the slider is slidably matched with the annular guide rail, the strong light level is fixedly installed on the slider, and the lower clamping part is fixedly connected to the connecting seat.

[0010] Optionally, the horizontal adjustment component includes a plurality of telescopic rods. One end of the telescopic rod is hinged to the walking base, and the other end of the telescopic rod is hinged to the connecting seat.

[0011] An installation method for a folded-line steel-wood composite fabricated roof truss provided by the present invention is characterized in that it is applicable to the installation mold for the folded-line steel-wood composite fabricated roof truss described in any one of claims 3-6, and includes the following steps: S01. Material preparation; S02: Wood processing and treatment: Steel processing and treatment; S03: Component pre-assembly; S04: Component transportation; S05: Roof truss connection; S06: Roof truss acceptance; S07: Hoisting and positioning; S08: Position and elevation correction; S09: Welding connection; S10: Overall on-site acceptance. The wooden components shall be made of African teak logs with a strength grade not lower than TC15A. The wooden components shall be treated for fire prevention, anti-corrosion and insect prevention, and the combustion performance shall reach B1 level. The anti-electricity treatment shall meet the requirements of biological hazard area level Z3. The surface of the original-color wooden components shall be coated with transparent matte wood wax oil twice. The penetration degree and retention amount of the preservative shall meet the relevant provisions of the "Code for Acceptance of Construction Quality of Timber Structures" (GB50206). The chemical treatment shall not affect the visual quality of the wood. The mechanical processing of the wooden components shall be carried out before the preservative treatment. After the preservative treatment, re-cutting and drilling shall be avoided. The surface of the original-color wooden components shall be coated with transparent matte wood wax oil twice. The processes of selecting and choosing materials shall be strictly controlled. There shall be no obvious color difference in the wooden components. The cross-sectional dimensions of the wooden bars represent the dimensions of the final steel-wood composite roof truss. The splicing position of the main beam wooden bars shall be used as a notch, and the length of the notch is 300 mm. The connection position shall be connected to the steel beam with 4 M6*90 coarse-thread self-tapping screws; The grooving of the wooden bars shall consider the steel structure, fireproof coating and weld size. To ensure that the gap between the exposed steel structure part and the wooden components is uniform after the component installation is completed, a 2-mm gap shall be reserved between the upper flange of the steel beam and the wooden components; The exposed pin holes and self-tapping screw holes of the wooden components shall be blocked with caps made of African teak wood similar in color to the wooden components. The wooden caps shall be made in different sizes; Optionally, step S09 includes the following steps: Place the lower chord member and the upper chord member on different installation molds respectively, adjust their height, level and angle, then fix them through the lower clamping part and the upper clamping part, and then carry out welding connection.

[0012] Optionally, step S05 includes the following steps: Assemble all the lower chord members into a whole with wooden pins having the same diameter as the pin hole positions.

[0013] As described above, a folded-line steel-wood composite fabricated roof truss, an installation mold and an installation method of the present invention have at least the following beneficial effects: 1. The lower chord members intersect with each other, forming a stable system with the upper chord structural beams. By combining two materials, wood and steel, it not only meets the stress requirements but also has decorative properties, and can satisfy the triple functions of structural support, space division, and light and shadow shaping of the roof truss in terms of architectural art effects, converting the idea of "using folds instead of curves" in the "Yingzao Fashi" into modern construction language. In addition, to meet the shear and bending resistance of the joints of the connecting members at the hinge points and reduce the impact of the connecting member diameter on the architectural art effect of the roof truss, a new type of hinge joint composed of a variable cross-section shaft, a gasket, and a member is adopted at the intersection of the members, which can meet the requirements of both stress and art effects at the same time.

[0014] 2. By the clamping and fixing of the installation mold and horizontal adjustment, the welding precision is greatly guaranteed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the connection structure of the upper chord member and the lower chord member of the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the lower chord members assembled into a whole of the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the steel-wood combined woven roof truss of the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the installation mold of the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the installation mold with a horizontal adjustment assembly of the embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0016] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. It should be noted that the embodiments described here are only for illustrative purposes and do not limit the present invention. In the following description, in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, a large number of specific details are set forth. However, it is obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art that the present invention does not have to be implemented with these specific details. In other instances, well-known circuits, software, or methods are not specifically described to avoid obscuring the present invention.

[0017] Throughout the specification, references to "one embodiment", "an embodiment", "an example", or "an example" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment of the invention. Thus, the phrases "in one embodiment", "in an embodiment", "an example", or "an example" that appear throughout the specification do not necessarily all refer to the same embodiment or example. In addition, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable combination and / or sub-combination in one or more embodiments or examples. Further, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that the diagrams provided herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0018] Please refer to Figures 1 - 3The present invention provides an embodiment of a zigzag steel-wood combined woven roof truss and an installation mold and an installation method, comprising: an upper chord member 102, a vertical web member 103 and a lower chord member 102, a plurality of the upper chord members 102 are fixedly spliced ​​into an inverted V-shaped upper chord beam, the vertical web member 103 is fixedly connected to the two ends of the upper chord beam, the lower chord member 102 is fixedly connected to the upper chord beam, a plurality of the lower chord members 102 are staggered and fixedly connected to each other through steel-wood nodes, the upper chord member 102, the vertical web member 103 and the lower chord member 102 are made of H-shaped steel, the upper chord member 102 and the lower chord member 102 are welded, and the lower chord members 102 are connected by wooden pins. The splicing position of the main beam wood member of the house frame needs to be opened, the opening length is 300mm, and the connection position is connected to the upper chord beam with a 4M6*90 coarse thread self-tapping screw. The 102 lower chord members are interlaced with each other to form a stable system with the upper chord structural beams, combining wood and steel materials. While meeting the stress requirements, they also have decorative properties, which can meet the architectural artistic effect. The roof truss simultaneously undertakes the triple functions of structural support, space division, and light and shadow shaping, and transforms the idea of ​​"replacing curves with folds" in the "Yingzaofashi" into a modern structural language. In addition, in order to meet the shear and bending resistance of the nodes of the connectors at the hinge point, and at the same time reduce the influence of the connector diameter on the architectural artistic effect of the roof truss, a new type of hinged node composed of a variable-section shaft, a gasket, and a rod is used at the intersection of the rods, which can meet the stress and artistic effect requirements at the same time; through the pretreatment of wood components (fireproof, anti-corrosion and insect-proof process, matte wood wax oil coating) and the standardized process of steel component welding process (such as reserving a 2mm gap and sealing the pin shaft hole), the long-term stability of the steel-wood interface is ensured, material deformation or corrosion caused by environmental factors is avoided, and the service life of the roof truss is extended. The rods adopt uniform cross-sectional dimensions and standardized connection nodes, which support the rapid assembly and expansion of roof trusses of different spans, are suitable for diverse building space requirements, and reduce customization costs. Through the steel-wood combination design (the upper chord beam is welded with H-shaped steel, and the lower chord rod is connected with wooden pins), while improving the overall bearing capacity of the roof truss, the natural texture of the wood and the industrial texture of the steel are used to form an aesthetic contrast, meeting the dual requirements of modern architecture for structural support and artistic expression.

[0019] In this embodiment, please refer to Figures 1 - 5, An installation mold for a folded steel-wood composite woven roof truss, comprising: a clamping device 506, the clamping device 506 includes a lower clamping part 5061 and an upper clamping part 5062. When the lower clamping part 5061 and the upper clamping part 5062 are closed, an H-shaped notch is formed in the middle, which is adapted to the outer shape of the H-shaped steel. The lower clamping part 5061 and the upper clamping part 5062 are detachably connected. An auxiliary fixing plate 5064 is also provided to prevent the steel from moving. It is convenient to clamp the H-shaped steel and fix it to prevent displacement during welding. All the steel components of this type of roof truss are H-shaped steels with relatively small cross-sections of the members, and welding cannot be carried out by machines and requires manual welding. Therefore, during the welding process, the deformation of the steel structure needs to be strictly controlled, and the flange and web are fixed during the clamping process to reduce errors and ensure the straightness of the H-shaped steel.

[0020] In this embodiment, please refer to Figures 1 - 5 , the lower clamping part 5061 and the upper clamping part 5062 are fixedly connected by screws. The structure is simple and the operation is convenient.

[0021] In this embodiment, please refer to Figures 1 - 5 , the installation mold for the folded steel-wood composite woven roof truss further includes a walking base 501, a horizontal adjustment component 502, a connecting seat 503, a slider 504 and a strong light level 505. The horizontal adjustment component 502 is installed on the walking base 501, the connecting seat 503 is installed at the top of the horizontal adjustment component 502. An annular guide rail is provided on the connecting seat 503, the slider 504 is slidably matched with the annular guide rail, the strong light level 505 is fixedly installed on the slider 504, and the lower clamping part 5061 is fixedly connected to the connecting seat 503. Through a special installation mold (including an H-shaped notch clamping part, a horizontal adjustment component and a strong light level), the H-shaped steel member is accurately fixed and the levelness is calibrated in real time, effectively controlling the welding deformation error and solving the problem of dimensional deviation caused by unstable fixation during manual welding. The overall construction efficiency is increased by more than 30%.

[0022] The horizontal adjustment assembly 502 includes a number of telescopic rods, which can be cylinders, oil cylinders or electric push rods; one end of the telescopic rod is hinged to the walking base 501, and the other end of the telescopic rod is hinged to the connecting seat 503. During use, the level of the connecting seat 503 can be controlled by multiple telescopic rods, preventing difficulties in adjusting the position when placing welded parts due to uneven ground, resulting in an increase in welding errors. Moreover, the strong red or green light emitted by the strong light level 505 is irradiated onto other components, thereby facilitating the overall adjustment of the height, ensuring that the overall horizontal height is consistent, and reducing welding errors. At the same time, due to the provision of the walking base 501 with universal wheels under the base, an automatically traveling base can also be set. When welding steel structure components, the walking base 501 can move left and right to adjust the angle and position of the steel structure components, reducing manual back-and-forth handling.

[0023] An installation method for a folded steel-wood composite truss provided by the present invention is characterized in that it is applicable to the installation mold for the folded steel-wood composite truss as described in any one of claims 3-6, and includes the following steps: S01, material preparation; S02: wood processing; steel processing; S03: component pre-assembly; S04: component transportation; S05: truss connection; S06: truss acceptance; S07: hoisting in place; S08: position and elevation correction; S09: welding connection; S10: overall on-site acceptance. The wooden components shall be made of African teak logs with a strength grade not lower than TC15A. The wooden components shall be treated for fire prevention, anti-corrosion and pest control, and the combustion performance shall reach B1 level, and the anti-electricity treatment shall meet the requirements of the biological hazard area level Z3. The surface of the original color wooden components shall be coated with transparent matte wood wax twice. The penetration and retention of the preservative shall meet the relevant provisions of the "Code for Acceptance of Construction Quality of Timber Structures" (GB50206). The chemical treatment shall not affect the appearance quality of the wood. The machining of the wooden components shall be carried out before the preservative treatment. After the preservative treatment, re-cutting and drilling shall be avoided. The surface of the original color wooden components shall be coated with transparent matte wood wax twice. The processes of selecting and grading the materials shall be strictly controlled. There shall be no obvious color difference in the wooden components. The cross-sectional dimensions of the wooden rods represent the dimensions of the final steel-wood composite truss. The splicing position of the main beam wooden rods shall be made into a notch with a length of 300 mm. The connection position shall be connected to the steel beam with 4 M6*90 coarse-thread self-tapping screws; the grooving of the wooden rods shall consider the steel structure, fireproof coating and weld size. To ensure that the gap between the exposed steel structure part and the wooden component is uniform after the component installation is completed, a 2-mm gap shall be reserved between the upper flange of the steel beam and the wooden component; the exposed pin holes and self-tapping screw holes of the wooden components shall be plugged with lids made of African teak similar in color to the wooden components, and the wooden lids shall be made into large and small heads.

[0024] In this embodiment, please refer to Figures 1 - 5, step S09 includes the following steps: placing the lower chord member 102 and the upper chord member 102 on different installation molds respectively, adjusting their heights, levels and angles, then fixing them by the lower clamping portion 5061 and the upper clamping portion 5062, and then performing welding connection.

[0025] In this embodiment, please refer to Figures 1 - 5 , step S05 includes the following steps: assembling all the lower chord members 102 into a whole by using wooden pins with diameters exactly the same as the pin hole positions.

[0026] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be covered by the scope of the claims and the description of the present invention.

Claims

1. A zigzag steel-wood composite woven roof truss, comprising an upper chord member, a vertical web member and a lower chord member, characterized in that: A plurality of the upper chord members are fixedly spliced ​​into an inverted V-shaped upper chord beam, the vertical web members are fixedly connected to both ends of the upper chord beam, the lower chord member is fixedly connected to the upper chord beam, and a plurality of the lower chord members are staggered and fixedly connected to each other through steel-wood nodes.

2. The broken-line steel-wood composite woven roof truss according to claim 1 is characterized by: The upper chord member, the vertical web member and the lower chord member are made of H-shaped steel, the upper chord member and the lower chord member are connected by welding, and the lower chord members are connected by wooden pins.

3. An installation mold for a broken-line steel-wood composite woven roof truss, characterized in that: The zigzag steel-wood composite woven roof truss applicable to claim 1 comprises: a lower clamping part and an upper clamping part, wherein an H-shaped notch is formed in the middle when the lower clamping part and the upper clamping part are closed, and the lower clamping part and the upper clamping part are detachably connected.

4. The installation mold of the broken-line steel-wood composite woven roof truss according to claim 3 is characterized by: The lower clamping part and the upper clamping part are fixedly connected by a screw.

5. The installation mold of the broken-line steel-wood composite woven roof truss according to claim 3 is characterized by: It also includes a walking base, a horizontal adjustment component, a connecting seat, a slider and a high-light level. The horizontal adjustment component is installed on the walking base, the connecting seat is installed on the top of the horizontal adjustment component, an annular guide rail is provided on the connecting seat, the slider and the annular guide rail are slidably matched, the high-light level is fixedly installed on the slider, and the lower clamping part and the connecting seat are fixedly connected.

6. The installation mold of the broken-line steel-wood composite woven roof truss according to claim 5 is characterized by: The horizontal adjustment assembly comprises a plurality of telescopic rods, one end of the telescopic rod is hinged to the walking base, and the other end of the telescopic rod is hinged to the connecting seat.

7. A method for installing a zigzag steel-wood combined woven roof truss, characterized in that: The installation mold applicable to the zigzag steel-wood combined woven roof truss described in any of claims 3-6 comprises the following steps: S01. Material preparation; S02: Wood processing: Steel processing; S03: pre-assembly of components; S04: Component transportation; S05: Roof truss connection; S06: Roof truss acceptance; S07: Lifting into place; S08: Position and elevation correction; S09: welding connection; S10: Overall on-site acceptance.

8. The installation method of the broken-line steel-wood composite woven roof truss according to claim 7 is characterized in that: Step S02 includes the following steps: the wooden components shall be made of African teak logs with a strength grade not less than TC15A; the wooden components shall be treated with fireproofing, anti-corrosion and anti-insect treatment, the combustion performance shall reach B1 grade, and the anti-electricity treatment shall meet the requirements of biohazard zone grade Z3; the surface of the original color wooden components shall be painted with two coats of transparent matte wood wax oil.

9. The installation method of the broken-line steel-wood composite woven roof truss according to claim 7 is characterized in that: Step S09 includes the following steps: placing the lower chord member and the upper chord member on different installation molds respectively, adjusting their height, level and angle, and then fixing them by the lower clamping part and the upper clamping part, and then welding them.

10. The installation method of the broken-line steel-wood composite woven roof truss according to claim 7 is characterized by: Step S05 includes the following steps: using a wooden pin shaft with the same diameter as the pin shaft hole to assemble all the lower chord rods into a whole.

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