Vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber with heat dissipation structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber with a heat dissipation structure, and relates to the technical field of vacuum circuit breakers, the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber comprises an outer side contact and a main contact, when the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber is in an opening state, a static end outer side contact is separated from a moving end outer side contact, and a static main contact is separated from a moving main contact. During the closing operation, the outer side contact is closed later, so that the current is dispersed between the main contacts and the outer side contact, and during the opening operation, the outer side contact is broken firstly, so that the electric arc is concentrated between the main contacts, and the electric arc is quickly extinguished, thereby realizing high heat dissipation and slow temperature rise of the circuit breaker.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vacuum circuit breakers, and particularly to a vacuum interrupter with a heat dissipation structure. Background Art

[0002] Vacuum circuit breakers have been widely used in medium-voltage power systems. Nowadays, vacuum circuit breakers are developing in the direction of miniaturization, high through-current capacity, and high voltage levels.

[0003] With the continuous development of vacuum interrupters in the direction of miniaturization and large current, the problem of excessive temperature rise caused by carrying large rated currents has attracted more and more attention. Excessive temperature has an important impact on the mechanical strength and through-current capacity of the vacuum interrupter. Therefore, studying the influence of the contact structure parameters of the vacuum interrupter on its temperature field distribution is of great significance for improving the temperature rise effect of the vacuum interrupter and optimizing its through-current capacity.

[0004] Yu Xiaoling et al. established an electro-thermal coupling simulation model of a 126 kV vacuum circuit breaker to calculate the temperature distribution of the entire circuit breaker. Shi Lei et al. took a 10 kV vacuum circuit breaker as an example to discuss the influence of the radiator layout and its comprehensive heat dissipation coefficient on the temperature rise of the vacuum circuit breaker. Feng Meigang et al. analyzed the temperature rise of large current molded case circuit breakers using the empirical formula method. Ye Fengchun et al. established an electro-thermal coupling model for the 40.5 kV vacuum interrupter unit of a 363 kV vacuum circuit breaker, and finally determined the temperature distribution of the entire circuit breaker. Yu Li conducted theoretical and experimental research on the generator outlet circuit breaker and successfully proposed a 17.5 kV / 10 kA - 80 kA large current vacuum circuit breaker based on this. Song Lifeng conducted electro-thermal simulation analysis on the internal temperature rise of a 126 kV vacuum interrupter and discussed the influence of the interrupter size parameters on the internal temperature rise of the interrupter.

[0005] With the development of vacuum interrupters towards high voltage and large current, the existing heat dissipation structures of vacuum interrupters cannot meet the requirements, and the temperature rise problem is still relatively prominent. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a vacuum interrupter with a heat dissipation structure. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a vacuum interrupter with a heat dissipation structure to improve the heat dissipation performance of DC circuit breakers.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0008] The present invention provides a vacuum interrupter with a heat dissipation structure, which includes a static end conductive rod, a static end outer conductive rod, a static end outer contact, a moving end conductive rod, a moving end outer conductive rod, a moving end outer contact, a main shielding cover and a housing; the static end conductive rod and the moving end conductive rod are coaxially arranged, and a static main contact is provided at one end of the static end conductive rod close to the moving end conductive rod; a moving main contact is provided at one end of the moving end conductive rod close to the static end conductive rod; the main shielding cover is arranged outside the static main contact and the moving main contact; the housing is arranged outside the main shielding cover; one end of the static end conductive rod far from the moving end conductive rod is connected to the middle of the static end outer conductive rod, and both ends of the static end outer conductive rod are respectively connected to a static end outer contact on one side facing the moving end conductive rod; the two static end outer contacts on both sides are symmetrically arranged with the axis of the static end conductive rod as the center; one end of the moving end conductive rod far from the static end conductive rod is connected to the middle of the static end outer conductive rod, and both ends of the static end outer conductive rod are respectively connected to a moving end outer contact on one side facing the static end conductive rod; the two moving end outer contacts on both sides are symmetrically arranged with the axis of the moving end conductive rod as the center; when the vacuum interrupter is in the closed state, the static end outer contact and the moving end outer contact are in contact, and the static main contact and the moving main contact are in contact; when the vacuum interrupter is in the open state, the static end outer contact and the moving end outer contact are separated, and the static main contact and the moving main contact are separated.

[0009] Optionally, the housing includes a static end cover ceramic housing and a moving end cover ceramic housing arranged coaxially.

[0010] Optionally, a static end floating shielding cover is provided at one end of the static end cover ceramic housing far from the moving end cover ceramic housing, and a static end inner shielding cover is provided on the side of the static end floating shielding cover facing the axis.

[0011] Optionally, a static end plate is provided at the end of one end of the static end cover ceramic housing far from the moving end cover ceramic housing.

[0012] Optionally, a moving end floating shielding cover is provided at one end of the moving end cover ceramic housing far from the static end cover ceramic housing, and a moving end inner shielding cover is provided on the side of the moving end floating shielding cover facing the axis.

[0013] Optionally, a moving end plate is provided at the end of one end of the moving end cover ceramic housing far from the static end cover ceramic housing.

[0014] Optionally, the moving end conductive rod is connected to a driving mechanism, and the driving mechanism is used to drive the moving end conductive rod to move linearly to realize the closing and opening of the vacuum interrupter.

[0015] Optionally, a moving-end auxiliary spring is provided between the outer contact of the moving end and the outer conductive rod of the moving end, and the distance between the outer contact of the moving end and the outer contact of the static end is greater than the distance between the main static contact and the main moving contact.

[0016] Optionally, a bellows is provided between the moving-end conductive rod and the main moving contact, and the elastic coefficient of the moving-end auxiliary spring is less than that of the bellows.

[0017] Optionally, the main static contact and the main moving contact are made of CuCr1 material, and the outer contact of the static end and the outer contact of the moving end are made of CuCr 50 material.

[0018] The present invention has achieved the following technical effects compared with the prior art:

[0019] In the vacuum interrupter with a heat dissipation structure of the present invention, during the closing operation, the outer contacts are closed later, so that the current is dispersed between the main contacts and the outer contacts. When the opening operation is performed, the outer contacts are disconnected first, so that the arc is concentrated between the main contacts, and the arc is quickly extinguished, thereby enabling the circuit breaker to achieve high heat dissipation and slow down the temperature rise. Description of the Drawings

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the vacuum interrupter with a heat dissipation structure in the present invention during opening;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the vacuum interrupter with a heat dissipation structure in the present invention during opening;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the vacuum interrupter with a heat dissipation structure in the present invention during closing;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the vacuum interrupter with a heat dissipation structure in the present invention during closing.

[0025] Description of the Reference Numerals in the Drawings:

[0026] 1. Static end conducting rod; 2. Outer static end conducting rod; 3. Outer static end contact; 4. Outer moving end contact; 5. Moving end auxiliary spring; 6. Outer moving end conducting rod; 7. Moving end conducting rod; 8. Driving mechanism; 9. Static end plate; 10. Static end cover ceramic housing; 11. Moving end cover ceramic housing; 12. Moving end plate; 13. Static end floating shielding cover; 14. Inner static end shielding cover; 15. Static main contact; 16. Moving main contact; 17. Inner moving end shielding cover; 18. Moving end floating shielding cover; 19. Main shielding cover. Detailed implementation manner

[0027] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0028] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a vacuum interrupter with a heat dissipation structure to solve the problems existing in the prior art. During the closing process, the current is dispersed through the main contacts and the outer contacts, and during the opening process, the arc is concentrated between the main contacts, so that the arc is quickly extinguished, thereby enabling the circuit breaker to achieve high heat dissipation and slow down the temperature rise.

[0029] To make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation manners.

[0030] As Figures 1 to 4As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a vacuum interrupter with a heat dissipation structure, which includes a static end conductive rod 1, a static end outer conductive rod 2, a static end outer contact 3, a moving end conductive rod 7, a moving end outer conductive rod 6, a moving end outer contact 4, a main shielding cover 19 and a housing; the static end conductive rod 1 and the moving end conductive rod 7 are coaxially arranged, and a static main contact 15 is arranged at one end of the static end conductive rod 1 close to the moving end conductive rod 7; a moving main contact 16 is arranged at one end of the moving end conductive rod 7 close to the static end conductive rod 1; a main shielding cover 19 is arranged outside the static main contact 15 and the moving main contact 16; a housing is arranged outside the main shielding cover 19; one end of the static end conductive rod 1 far from the moving end conductive rod 7 is connected to the middle of the static end outer conductive rod 2, and both ends of the static end outer conductive rod 2 are respectively connected to a static end outer contact 3 on the side facing the moving end conductive rod 7; the two static end outer contacts 3 are symmetrically arranged with the axis of the static end conductive rod 1 as the axis; one end of the moving end conductive rod 7 far from the static end conductive rod 1 is connected to the middle of the static end outer conductive rod 2, and both ends of the static end outer conductive rod 2 are respectively connected to a moving end outer contact 4 on the side facing the static end conductive rod 1; the two moving end outer contacts 4 are symmetrically arranged with the axis of the moving end conductive rod 7 as the axis; when the vacuum interrupter is in the closed state, the static end outer contact 3 and the moving end outer contact 4 are in contact, and the static main contact 15 and the moving main contact 16 are in contact; when the vacuum interrupter is in the open state, the static end outer contact 3 and the moving end outer contact 4 are separated, and the static main contact 15 and the moving main contact 16 are separated.

[0031] In this specific embodiment, both the static end outer conductive rod 2 and the moving end outer conductive rod 6 are ring-shaped conductive rods. Both the static end outer contact 3 and the moving end outer contact 4 are ring-shaped contacts.

[0032] The housing includes a static end cover ceramic housing 10 and a moving end cover ceramic housing 11 arranged coaxially. A circular partition is arranged on the outer wall of the middle part of the main shielding cover 19, and the edge of the circular partition is inserted into the gap between the static end cover ceramic housing 10 and the moving end cover ceramic housing 11. The circular partition enables the main shielding cover 19 to be fixed on the inner walls of the static end cover ceramic housing 10 and the moving end cover ceramic housing 11, so that it is difficult to fall off even under the severe impact of the contact opening and closing, and the voltage equalizing function of the main shielding cover 19 is prevented from failing.

[0033] A static end floating shielding cover 13 is arranged at one end of the static end cover ceramic housing 10 far from the moving end cover ceramic housing 11, and a static end inner shielding cover 14 is arranged on the side of the static end floating shielding cover 13 facing the axis.

[0034] A static end plate 9 is arranged at the end of one end of the static end cover ceramic housing 10 far from the moving end cover ceramic housing 11.

[0035] A moving end floating shielding cover 18 is arranged at one end of the moving end cover ceramic housing 11 far from the static end cover ceramic housing 10, and a moving end inner shielding cover 17 is arranged on the side of the moving end floating shielding cover 18 facing the axis.

[0036] One end of the moving end cover ceramic housing 11 away from the static end cover ceramic housing 10 is provided with a moving end plate 12.

[0037] The static end plate 9 and the moving end plate 12 are fixedly connected to the outer sides of the static end conducting rod 1 and the moving end conducting rod 7 by brazing to form a sealed vacuum chamber, further improving the vacuum sealing effect inside the vacuum interrupter.

[0038] The moving end conducting rod 7 is connected to the driving mechanism 8, and the driving mechanism 8 is used to drive the moving end conducting rod 7 to move linearly to realize the closing and opening of the vacuum interrupter.

[0039] A moving end auxiliary spring 5 is arranged between the moving end outer contact 4 and the moving end outer conducting rod 6. The distance between the moving end outer contact 4 and the static end outer contact 3 is greater than the distance between the static main contact 15 and the moving main contact 16. A bellows is arranged between the moving end conducting rod 7 and the moving main contact 16. The elastic coefficient of the moving end auxiliary spring 5 is less than that of the bellows. It is satisfied that the outer ring moving contact breaks first. During the opening operation, the arc is concentrated between the static and moving main contacts 16, so that the arc is quickly extinguished.

[0040] The static main contact 15 and the moving main contact 16 are made of CuCr1 material, and the static end outer contact 3 and the moving end outer contact 4 are made of CuCr 50 material.

[0041] When the vacuum circuit breaker with a vacuum interrupter with a heat dissipation structure is driven by the driving mechanism 8 to perform a closing operation, the static main contact 15 and the moving main contact 16 are closed first, and the static end outer contact 3 and the moving end outer contact 4 are closed later. The purpose is to make the current flow through the static main contact 15 and the moving main contact 16 first, and then be shunted through the static end outer contact 3 and the moving end outer contact 4, so that the current is dispersed between the main contact and the outer contact, and the temperature rise of the circuit breaker is slowed down. At the same time, the static end outer contact 3 and the moving end outer contact 4 are located outside the vacuum interrupter, and the heat dissipation between the static end outer contact 3 and the moving end outer contact 4 can be accelerated through the external air flow, solving the problem that it is difficult to dissipate heat inside the vacuum interrupter due to the lack of air flow.

[0042] The static-end floating shield 13 and the static-end internal shield 14 are fixed below the static-end end plate 9, and the moving-end floating shield 18 and the moving-end internal shield 17 are fixed above the moving-end end plate 12. They are firmly fixed on the surface by brazing to prevent a large amount of metal vapor and droplets generated during the arcing process of the contacts from reaching the inner walls of the static-end cover ceramic housing 10 and the moving-end cover ceramic housing 11, avoiding a reduction in the insulation strength of the vacuum interrupter housing or the occurrence of flashover. The upper and lower ends of the main shield 19 contract towards the axis to facilitate the entry of metal vapor into the static-end internal shield 14 and the entry of metal droplets into the moving-end internal shield 17. At the same time, the ends of the static-end internal shield 14 and the moving-end internal shield 17 facing the main shield 19 are provided with inwardly curled portions. The curled portion at the bottom of the static-end internal shield 14 can improve the capacity for accommodating metal vapor and prevent the metal vapor from overflowing from the bottom of the static-end internal shield 14. The curled portion at the top of the moving-end internal shield 17 can prevent the metal droplets from splashing out of the moving-end internal shield 17 after falling, further avoiding the attachment of metal vapor and droplets to the inner wall of the main shield 19.

[0043] The main shield 19 is arranged around the static main contact 15 and the moving main contact 16, facing the arcing area after the contacts are separated. Its main function is to block the splashing of arc products in all directions and prevent the insulation housing from being contaminated. It can also improve the distribution of the internal electric field in the vacuum interrupter, contribute to the attenuation of the residual plasma after the arc is extinguished, and prevent the insulation housing from being contaminated.

[0044] It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be encompassed within the present invention, and any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

[0045] In this specification, specific examples are used to elaborate on the principles and implementation manners of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present invention; at the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation manners and application scopes according to the idea of the present invention. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

Claims

1. A vacuum interrupter with a heat dissipation structure, characterized in that: It comprises a static end conductive rod, a static end outer conductive rod, a static end outer contact, a dynamic end conductive rod, a dynamic end outer conductive rod, a dynamic end outer contact, a main shielding cover and a shell; the static end conductive rod and the dynamic end conductive rod are coaxially arranged, and the static end conductive rod is provided with the static main contact at one end close to the dynamic end conductive rod; the dynamic end conductive rod is provided with the dynamic main contact at one end close to the static end conductive rod; the main shielding cover is provided at the outer side of the static main contact and the dynamic main contact; the shell is provided at the outer side of the main shielding cover; the end of the static end conductive rod away from the dynamic end conductive rod is connected to the middle part of the static end outer conductive rod, and the two ends of the static end outer conductive rod are respectively connected to one side of the static end conductive rod facing the dynamic end conductive rod. The outer contacts of the static end are connected; the outer contacts of the static end on both sides are symmetrically arranged with respect to the axis of the static end conductive rod; one end of the movable end conductive rod away from the static end conductive rod is connected with the middle part of the outer conductive rod of the static end, and the two ends of the outer conductive rod of the static end are respectively connected with one of the outer contacts of the movable end facing the side of the static end conductive rod; the outer contacts of the movable end on both sides are symmetrically arranged with respect to the axis of the movable end conductive rod; when the vacuum interrupter is in the closed state, the outer contacts of the static end are in contact with the outer contacts of the movable end, and the static main contacts are in contact with the movable main contacts; when the vacuum interrupter is in the open state, the outer contacts of the static end are separated from the outer contacts of the movable end, and the static main contacts are separated from the movable main contacts.

2. The vacuum interrupter with heat dissipation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing comprises a coaxially arranged static end cover ceramic housing and a dynamic end cover ceramic housing.

3. The vacuum interrupter with heat dissipation structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: A static end suspension shielding cover is arranged at one end of the static end cover ceramic shell away from the dynamic end cover ceramic shell, and a static end internal shielding cover is arranged at one side of the static end suspension shielding cover facing the axis.

4. The vacuum interrupter with heat dissipation structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: A static end plate is provided at an end of the static end cover ceramic shell away from one end of the dynamic end cover ceramic shell.

5. The vacuum interrupter with heat dissipation structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: A moving end suspension shielding cover is arranged at one end of the moving end cover ceramic shell away from the static end cover ceramic shell, and a moving end internal shielding cover is arranged at one side of the moving end suspension shielding cover facing the axis.

6. The vacuum interrupter with heat dissipation structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: A moving end plate is provided at an end of the moving end cover ceramic shell away from one end of the stationary end cover ceramic shell.

7. The vacuum interrupter with a heat dissipation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable end conductive rod is connected to a driving mechanism, and the driving mechanism is used to drive the movable end conductive rod to move in a straight line to realize the closing and opening of the vacuum interrupter.

8. The vacuum interrupter with a heat dissipation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A moving end auxiliary spring is arranged between the moving end outer contact and the moving end outer conductive rod, and a distance between the moving end outer contact and the static end outer contact is greater than a distance between the static main contact and the moving main contact.

9. The vacuum interrupter with a heat dissipation structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: A bellows is arranged between the movable end conductive rod and the movable main contact, and the elastic coefficient of the movable end auxiliary spring is smaller than the elastic coefficient of the bellows.

10. The vacuum interrupter with a heat dissipation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The static main contact and the dynamic main contact are made of CuCr1 material, and the static end outer contact and the dynamic end outer contact are made of CuCr 50 Material.

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