Hydrogen fuel cell system and hybrid electric vehicle

Abstract

The invention provides a hydrogen fuel cell system and a hybrid electric vehicle. The hydrogen fuel cell system comprises an electric pile assembly, an air system, a hydrogen system, an exhaust system and a cooling system; the air system and the hydrogen system are respectively connected with the electric pile assembly and the exhaust system; parts of the air system, the hydrogen system and the cooling system are integrated with the electric pile assembly, and parts of the air system, the hydrogen system and the cooling system are split from the electric pile assembly. According to the hydrogen fuel cell system provided by the invention, the air system, the hydrogen system and the cooling system are partially integrated with the galvanic pile assembly, and partially separated from the galvanic pile assembly, so that the hydrogen fuel cell system is higher in integration level compared with the whole separated arrangement, and the volume energy density of the system can be improved; compared with the whole integrated arrangement, the arrangement is more flexible, the requirements of various vehicle types can be met, and the maintenance, disassembly and assembly convenience is just high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of new energy vehicles, and particularly to a hydrogen fuel cell system and a hybrid vehicle. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous progress of new energy vehicle technology and the continuous development of the industry, new energy vehicles are gradually replacing fuel vehicles with their advantages of environmental protection and energy conservation. Among them, hydrogen fuel cells have become an important tool for China's energy structure transformation, energy conservation and emission reduction, and automotive industry upgrading with their advantages of high efficiency, zero emissions, and low noise. At the same time, the state and local governments have gradually introduced a series of policies to strongly support the development of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, and major domestic vehicle manufacturers are also accelerating the strategic layout of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles.

[0003] However, in existing vehicles equipped with hydrogen fuel cells, the hydrogen fuel cell system usually integrates the cooling system, air system, and hydrogen system entirely on the fuel cell stack, or arranges them all dispersedly from the fuel cell stack; the integrated arrangement is difficult for passenger vehicles with relatively compact spaces, and the system integrated arrangement form is difficult to meet diverse arrangement requirements; the dispersed arrangement has a low system integration degree, a low system volume energy density, and a low cruising range of the vehicle.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new type of hydrogen fuel cell system and a hybrid vehicle to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a hydrogen fuel cell system and a hybrid vehicle in which part of the hydrogen system, air system, and cooling system is integrated with the fuel cell stack and part is arranged dispersedly from the fuel cell stack.

[0006] The present application provides a hydrogen fuel cell system, including: a fuel cell stack assembly, an air system, a hydrogen system, an exhaust system, and a cooling system; the air system and the hydrogen system are respectively connected to the fuel cell stack assembly and the exhaust system; part of the air system, hydrogen system, and cooling system is integrally arranged with the fuel cell stack assembly, and part is arranged separately from the fuel cell stack assembly.

[0007] Further, the air system includes an intake pipe, an air filter, an air compressor, an intercooler, and a throttle assembly; the throttle assembly is respectively communicated with the fuel cell stack assembly, the intercooler, and the exhaust system.

[0008] Further, the air compressor and the intercooler are integrally arranged with the fuel cell stack assembly.

[0009] Further, the air filter and the air compressor are connected by an intake hose; the intercooler and the throttle assembly are connected by an intake hose.

[0010] Further, the air intake pipe and the air filter are arranged on the front side of the fuel cell stack assembly, and the throttle valve assembly is arranged on the rear side of the fuel cell stack assembly.

[0011] Further, the fuel cell stack assembly is connected to a hydrogen storage system; the hydrogen system includes a preheater, an ejector and a water separator arranged between the hydrogen storage system and the fuel cell stack assembly; the preheater, the ejector and the water separator are integrally arranged with the fuel cell stack assembly.

[0012] Further, the ejector and the water separator are of an integrated structure, and the inside of the ejector is connected to the inside of the water separator; the ejector is provided with a primary gas inlet communicating with the hydrogen storage system and a mixed gas outlet communicating with the fuel cell stack assembly; the water separator is provided with a secondary gas inlet communicating with the fuel cell stack assembly and a drain port communicating with the exhaust system, and the drain port is lower than the lowest surface of the fuel cell stack assembly.

[0013] Further, the fuel cell stack assembly is connected to a hydrogen storage system; the hydrogen system includes a preheater, a circulation pump and a water separator arranged between the hydrogen storage system and the fuel cell stack assembly; the preheater, the circulation pump and the water separator are integrally arranged with the fuel cell stack assembly.

[0014] Further, the cooling system includes a heat dissipation assembly, a water pump, a PTC heater and a three-way solenoid valve; the water pump, the PTC heater and the three-way solenoid valve are integrally arranged with the fuel cell stack assembly; the heat dissipation assembly is connected to the water pump through a silica gel pipeline.

[0015] A hybrid electric vehicle includes a power battery system and the above-mentioned hydrogen fuel cell system.

[0016] The hydrogen fuel cell system provided by the present application integrates some of the air system, the hydrogen system and the cooling system with the fuel cell stack assembly and separates some from the fuel cell stack assembly. Compared with the completely separated setting, the integration degree is higher, and the system volume energy density can be improved; compared with the completely integrated setting, the layout is more flexible, which can meet the requirements of various vehicle models and has good maintenance and disassembly convenience. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The accompanying drawings herein are incorporated into the specification and constitute a part of the specification, showing the embodiments consistent with the present specification, and are used together with the specification to explain the principles of the present specification.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a configuration diagram of the hydrogen fuel cell system provided by the present application.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a connection schematic diagram of the integrated ejector water separator provided by the present application.

[0020] Figure 3Schematic connection diagram of the integrated circulating pump water distributor provided by the present application.

[0021] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of an embodiment of the hydrogen fuel cell system of the present application.

[0022] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of another embodiment of the hydrogen fuel cell system of the present application.

[0023] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of yet another embodiment of the hydrogen fuel cell system of the present application.

[0024] Description of reference numerals: 10, hydrogen fuel cell system; 11, stack assembly; 12, air system; 121, intake pipe; 122, air filter; 123, air compressor; 125, intercooler; 126, intake valve; 127, exhaust valve; 128, bypass valve; 13, hydrogen system; 131, preheater; 132, hydrogen processor; 14, exhaust system; 141, water collector; 142, silencer; 15, cooling system; 151, heat dissipation assembly; 152, water pump; 153, PTC heater; 154, three-way solenoid valve; 20, hydrogen storage system; 21, hydrogen tank; 22, hydrogen filling port; 30, power battery system; 40, drive system; 41, front drive motor; 42, rear drive motor; 50, DCF assembly; 60, control system; 61, VCU controller; 62, FCU controller; 63, PCAN; 71, water distributor; 711, secondary gas inlet; 712, drain port; 713, internal outlet; 72, ejector; 721, primary gas inlet; 722, mixed gas outlet; 73, circulating pump; 731, internal inlet; 732, gas outlet. Detailed implementation manners

[0025] Here, the exemplary embodiments will be described in detail, and the examples are shown in the drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The implementation manners described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all implementation manners consistent with this specification. On the contrary, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of this specification as detailed in the appended claims.

[0026] The terms used in this application are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit this application. Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in this specification shall have the ordinary meanings as understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. The terms "first", "second" and similar words used in this specification and the claims do not denote any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Similarly, words such as "a" or "an" do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of one. "Plurality" or "several" means two or more. Unless otherwise indicated, words such as "front", "rear", "lower" and / or "upper" are for convenience only and are not limited to one position or a spatial orientation. The words such as "comprising" or "including" are intended to mean that the elements or items appearing before "comprising" or "including" cover the elements or items listed after "comprising" or "including" and their equivalents, and do not exclude other elements or items. The words such as "connected" or "coupled" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, and may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect.

[0027] The terms used in this specification are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit this application. The singular forms "a", "the" and "said" used in this specification and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0028] Next, the embodiments of this specification will be described in detail.

[0029] Please refer Figure 1 As shown, this application provides a hydrogen fuel cell system, which is applied to a hydrogen-electric hybrid vehicle. The hydrogen-electric hybrid vehicle includes: a hydrogen fuel cell system 10, a hydrogen storage system 20, a power battery system 30, a drive system 40, a DCF assembly 50 and a control system 60.

[0030] The hydrogen fuel cell system 10 is in communication with the hydrogen storage system 20, and the hydrogen storage system 20 provides hydrogen for the hydrogen fuel cell system 10 as fuel to generate electricity for the hydrogen fuel cell system 10. The DCF assembly 50 is a fuel cell DC power supply, and the DCF assembly 50 is electrically connected to the hydrogen fuel cell system 10 and the power battery system 30, so as to boost the voltage for the hydrogen fuel cell system 10 and the power battery system 30 to reach the voltage required by the motor of the drive system 40. The drive system 40 includes a front drive motor 41 and a rear drive motor 42, and the hydrogen-electric hybrid vehicle is in a four-wheel drive form.

[0031] The control system 60 is electrically connected to the hydrogen fuel cell system 10, the hydrogen storage system 20, the power battery system 30, and the DCF assembly 50 to control the operation of the hydrogen-electric hybrid system. The drive system 40 is electrically connected to the hydrogen fuel cell system 10 and the power battery system 30, and the hydrogen fuel cell system 10 and the power battery system 30 provide power for the drive system 40.

[0032] The hydrogen fuel cell system 10 includes a stack assembly 11 and an air system 12, a hydrogen system 13, an exhaust system 14, and a cooling system 15 connected to the stack assembly 11. The stack assembly 11 is electrically connected to the power battery system 30 through the DCF assembly 50.

[0033] The air system 12 includes an air intake pipe 121, an air filter 122, an air compressor 123, an intercooler 125, and a throttle assembly connected in sequence. The throttle assembly is respectively connected to the stack assembly 11, the intercooler 125, and the exhaust system 14.

[0034] The air intake pipe 121 introduces external air as the fuel of the hydrogen fuel cell system 10. The air filter 122 filters the air introduced by the air intake pipe 121 to increase the oxygen concentration therein, thereby improving the efficiency of the battery. The air compressor 123 is used to compress the filtered air. The intercooler 125 cools the compressed air and passes it into the throttle assembly and then enters the stack assembly 11 for reaction to generate electrical energy.

[0035] The throttle assembly includes an intake valve 126, an exhaust valve 127, and a bypass valve 128. The stack assembly 11 includes an air inlet and an air outlet. One end of the intake valve 126 communicates with the air inlet, and the other end communicates with the intercooler 125, and is used to transmit the air cooled by the intercooler 125 to the air inlet and then enter the stack assembly 11. The exhaust valve 127 communicates with the air outlet, thereby receiving the reacted air and discharging it.

[0036] The bypass valve 128 communicates with the intake valve 126 and is used to discharge a part of the air passing through the intake valve 126 when the vehicle is in an idle state or the like, thereby reducing the pressure of the air entering the stack assembly 11, and can improve the utilization rate of the stack assembly 11 and prevent energy waste.

[0037] The exhaust system 14 includes a water collector 141 and a muffler 142. One end of the water collector 141 communicates with the exhaust valve 127 and the bypass valve 128, and the other end communicates with the muffler 142. The muffler 142 communicates with the external environment and silences the air passing through the water collector 141 before discharging it to the external environment.

[0038] The air circuit of the hydrogen fuel cell system 10 is as follows: Air enters the vehicle interior through the air intake pipe 121, passes through the air filter 122, the air compressor 123, and the intercooler 125, and then enters the air inlet of the fuel cell stack assembly 11 through the intake valve 126 for an electrochemical reaction. Among them, when the vehicle is in an idle state or the like, part of the air passing through the intake valve 126 will enter the bypass valve 128 and be discharged to the outside of the vehicle through the water collector 141 and the muffler 142.

[0039] After the air reacts, it is discharged to the outside of the vehicle through the air outlet, the water collector 141, and the muffler 142. Since the hydrogen fuel cell system 10 generates electric energy by the reaction of hydrogen and oxygen, a large amount of water vapor is carried in the reacted air. The water collector 141 can collect the water vapor in the air and discharge the remaining gas to the outside of the vehicle through the muffler 142.

[0040] The hydrogen system 13 includes a preheater 131 and a hydrogen processor 132. One end of the preheater 131 is connected to the hydrogen storage system 20, and the other end is connected to the hydrogen processor 132. The hydrogen processor 132 is respectively connected to the fuel cell stack assembly 11 and the exhaust system 14. The fuel cell stack assembly 11 also includes a hydrogen inlet and a hydrogen outlet, both of which are connected to the hydrogen processor 132.

[0041] Please refer Figure 2 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present application, the hydrogen processor 132 can be an integrated ejector water separator. The integrated ejector water separator includes a water separator 71 and an ejector 72 internally connected to the water separator 71. The ejector 72 is provided with a primary gas inlet 721 connected to the preheater 131 of the hydrogen storage system 20 and a mixed gas outlet 722 connected to the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell stack assembly 11. The water separator 71 is provided with a secondary gas inlet 711 connected to the hydrogen outlet of the fuel cell stack assembly 11, and the water separator 71 is also provided with a drain port 712 connected to the water collector 141, and the drain port 712 is lower than the lowest surface of the fuel cell stack assembly 11.

[0042] The water separator 71 can separate the water vapor in the hydrogen discharged from the hydrogen outlet, and then discharge the separated water vapor to the water collector 141 for storage through the drain port 712. The ejector 72 can not only transmit the hydrogen preheated by the preheater 131 to the fuel cell stack assembly 11, but also transmit the hydrogen after the water vapor is separated by the water separator 71 back to the fuel cell stack assembly 11 for circulation to improve the utilization rate of hydrogen.

[0043] According to another embodiment, the hydrogen processor 132 can be an integrated circulation pump water separator. Please refer Figure 3As shown, the integrated circulation pump water separator includes a water separator 71 and a circulation pump 73 installed on the water separator 71. The water separator 71 is provided with a secondary gas inlet 711 communicating with the fuel cell stack assembly 11 and an internal outlet 713 communicating with the circulation pump 73. The circulation pump 73 is provided with an internal inlet 731 communicating with the water separator 71 and a gas outlet 732 communicating with the fuel cell stack assembly 11.

[0044] The preheater 131 is connected to the hydrogen inlet. The hydrogen provided by the hydrogen storage system 20 enters the fuel cell stack assembly 11 directly without passing through the integrated circulation pump water separator. The water separator 71 is respectively connected to the hydrogen outlet and the water collector 141.

[0045] The hydrogen circuit of the hydrogen fuel cell system 10 is as follows: Hydrogen enters the hydrogen processor 132 from the hydrogen storage system 20 through the preheater 131, and then is transmitted to the fuel cell stack assembly 11 through the hydrogen inlet for reaction. The reacted hydrogen then returns to the hydrogen processor 132 from the hydrogen outlet, and after removing the water vapor carried therein, it enters the fuel cell stack assembly 11 again for hydrogen recycling. Among them, the water vapor is discharged to the water collector 141 through the drain port 712 of the water separator 71 and stored in the water collector 141 in the form of liquid water.

[0046] In other embodiments, the hydrogen processor 132 can also adopt a non-integrated structure, that is, the ejector 72, the circulation pump 73 and the water separator 71 are separately arranged.

[0047] The cooling system 15 includes a heat dissipation assembly 151, a water pump 152, a PTC heater 153 and a three-way solenoid valve 154. The heat dissipation assembly 151, the water pump 152, the PTC heater 153 and the fuel cell stack assembly 11 are connected by silicone hoses. The fuel cell stack assembly 11 includes a water inlet and a water outlet. The water pump 152 is connected to the water inlet, and the heat dissipation assembly 151 and the PTC heater 153 are connected to the water outlet. The three-way solenoid valve 154 is respectively connected to the heat dissipation assembly 151, the water pump 152 and the PTC heater 153. The three-way solenoid valve 154 can control the flow direction of the cooling water.

[0048] When the temperature of the fuel cell stack assembly 11 is too high, the cooling water in the heat dissipation assembly 151 flows through the three-way solenoid valve 154, through the water pump 152, and enters the fuel cell stack assembly 11 through the water inlet to cool the fuel cell stack assembly 11, and then returns to the heat dissipation assembly 151 through the water outlet for heat dissipation.

[0049] When the temperature of the fuel cell stack assembly 11 is too low, the cooling water is heated by the PTC heater 153 and then returns to the three-way solenoid valve 154, and then enters the fuel cell stack assembly 11 through the water pump 152, and part of it returns to the heat dissipation assembly 151. The heat dissipation assembly 151 includes a radiator (not shown in the figure), and the water pump 152 is installed on the radiator.

[0050] The hydrogen storage system 20 includes a plurality of hydrogen tanks 21 and a hydrogen filling port 22. The hydrogen filling port 22 is communicated with the plurality of hydrogen tanks 21, and hydrogen can be supplemented to the plurality of hydrogen tanks 21 through the hydrogen filling port 22.

[0051] The control system 60 is electrically connected to the power battery system 30, the drive system 40, the DCF assembly 50, the hydrogen fuel cell system 10, and the hydrogen storage system 20. The control system 60 includes a VCU controller 61 and an FCU controller 62. The FCU controller 62 and the VCU controller 61 interact through a PCAN 63.

[0052] The VCU controller 61 is a vehicle controller, and the FCU controller 62 is the main controller of the hydrogen fuel cell system 10. The FCU controller 62 is communicatively connected to the water pump 152, the PTC heater 153, the stack assembly 11, the intake valve 126, the exhaust valve 127, the bypass valve 128, the hydrogen processor 132, the preheater 131, the hydrogen storage system 20, and the DCF assembly 50.

[0053] Part of the air system 12, the hydrogen system 13, and the cooling system 15 are integrally arranged with the stack assembly 11, and part of them are separately arranged from the stack assembly 11, thus forming a semi-decentralized structural form.

[0054] In one embodiment, please refer Figure 4 As shown, the air system 12 is integrally arranged with the stack assembly 11, and the hydrogen system 13 and the cooling system 15 are integrally arranged with the stack assembly 11.

[0055] Specifically, the air compressor 123 of the air system 12 and the intercooler 125 are integrally arranged on the stack assembly 11, and the air intake pipe 121, the air filter 122, and the throttle assembly of the air system 12 are separately arranged from the stack assembly 11. Among them, the air intake pipe 121 and the air filter 122 are arranged on the front side of the stack assembly 11, and the throttle assembly is arranged on the rear side of the stack assembly 11. The air compressor 123 and the intercooler 125 are stacked, and the intercooler 125 is in contact with the stack assembly 11 for integration. The air compressor 123 and the intercooler 125 can also be integrally arranged on the stack assembly 11 in a side-by-side manner, and the present application does not limit this.

[0056] In another embodiment, please refer Figure 5 As shown, the cooling system 15 is integrally arranged on the stack assembly 11, and the air system 12 and the hydrogen system 13 are separately arranged around the stack assembly 11.

[0057] Specifically, the PTC heater 153, water pump 152, and three-way solenoid valve 154 of the cooling system 15 are integrated on the fuel cell stack assembly 11, and the heat dissipation assembly 151 is installed on the front-end frame in the front engine compartment. The air system 12 and the hydrogen system 13 are separately arranged around the fuel cell stack assembly 11. The PTC heater 153 and the three-way solenoid valve 154 can be first integrated with the water pump 152, and then the water pump 152 can be integrated on the fuel cell stack assembly 11. The PTC heater 153, the water pump 152, and the three-way solenoid valve 154 can also be integrally arranged side by side on the fuel cell stack assembly 11, and this application does not limit this.

[0058] In another embodiment, please refer Figure 6 As shown, the hydrogen system 13 is integrated on the fuel cell stack assembly 11, and the air system 12 and the cooling system 15 are separately arranged around the fuel cell stack assembly 11.

[0059] Specifically, the preheater 131 and the hydrogen processor 132 are integrated on the fuel cell stack assembly 11. The hydrogen processor 132 can be an integrated ejector water separator or a split ejector 72 and water separator 71, or an integrated circulation pump water separator or a split circulation pump 73 and water separator 71, and this application does not limit this.

[0060] The hydrogen fuel cell system provided by this application forms a semi-dispersed structural form by integrating some components of the air system 12, the hydrogen system 13, and the cooling system 15 with the fuel cell stack assembly 11 and separating some components from the fuel cell stack assembly 11. Compared with the fully integrated arrangement, it is more flexible in layout, can meet the requirements of various vehicle models, and has better convenience for maintenance, disassembly, and assembly.

[0061] After considering the specification and practicing the invention described herein, those skilled in the art will readily think of other embodiments of this specification. This specification is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this specification, which follow the general principles of this specification and include the common general knowledge or conventional technical means in the technical field not claimed in this application. The specification and examples are only regarded as exemplary, and the true scope and spirit of this specification are pointed out by the following claims.

[0062] It should be understood that this specification is not limited to the exact structure already described and shown in the drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this specification is only limited by the appended claims.

[0063] The above are only the preferred embodiments of this specification and are not intended to limit this specification. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of this specification shall be included within the scope protected by this specification.

Claims

1. A hydrogen fuel cell system, characterized in that, Comprising: A stack assembly, an air system, a hydrogen system, an exhaust system, and a cooling system; the air system and the hydrogen system are respectively connected to the stack assembly and the exhaust system; part of the air system, the hydrogen system, and the cooling system are integrally arranged with the stack assembly, and part are separately arranged from the stack assembly.

2. The hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air system includes an intake pipe, an air filter, an air compressor, an intercooler, and a throttle valve assembly; the throttle valve assembly is respectively in communication with the stack assembly, the intercooler, and the exhaust system.

3. The hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The air compressor and the intercooler are integrally arranged with the stack assembly.

4. The hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The air filter and the air compressor are connected by an intake hose; the intercooler and the throttle valve assembly are connected by an intake hose.

5. The hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The intake pipe and the air filter are arranged on the front side of the stack assembly, and the throttle valve assembly is arranged on the rear side of the stack assembly.

6. The hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stack assembly is in communication with a hydrogen storage system; the hydrogen system includes a preheater, an ejector, and a water separator arranged between the hydrogen storage system and the stack assembly; the preheater, the ejector, and the water separator are integrally arranged with the stack assembly.

7. The hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The ejector and the water separator are of an integrated structure, and the interior of the ejector is in communication with the interior of the water separator; the ejector is provided with a primary gas inlet in communication with the hydrogen storage system and a mixed gas outlet in communication with the stack assembly; the water separator is provided with a secondary gas inlet in communication with the stack assembly and a drain port in communication with the exhaust system, and the drain port is lower than the lowest surface of the stack assembly.

8. The hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stack assembly is in communication with a hydrogen storage system; the hydrogen system includes a preheater, a circulation pump, and a water separator arranged between the hydrogen storage system and the stack assembly; the preheater, the circulation pump, and the water separator are integrally arranged with the stack assembly.

9. The hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling system includes a heat dissipation assembly, a water pump, a PTC heater, and a three-way solenoid valve; the water pump, the PTC heater, and the three-way solenoid valve are integrally arranged with the stack assembly; the heat dissipation assembly and the water pump are connected by a silica gel pipeline.

10. A hybrid vehicle, characterized in that, Comprising a power battery system and the hydrogen fuel cell system according to any one of claims 1-9.

Images