Ecological restoration method for plants in arid region

Abstract

The invention discloses an arid region plant ecological restoration method, which comprises the following steps that S1, a region needing greening restoration is selected, data of the restoration region are checked, and the data comprise soil data, rainfall data and meteorological data; s2, analyzing by combining soil data, rainfall data and meteorological data to obtain plants which can be planted; s3, cultivating the plants, performing stress under different conditions, and screening an optimal planting scheme; s4, a planting field needing to be repaired is trimmed, and the size of a planting hole and the soil changing amount are designed according to the plant root-shoot ratio; s5, thoroughly watering the planting holes with water, arranging isolation layers at the bottoms of the planting holes, and laying planting materials on the isolation layers to form planting layers; s6, a waterproof film is laid on the planting layer, and planting holes are reserved in places where plants need to be planted; and S7, planting plants in the planting holes, and performing subsequent water and fertilizer management according to the planting scheme in the step S3. The method can solve the problems of low vegetation transplanting survival rate and difficult vegetation recovery in arid regions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of saline-alkali land restoration, and particularly to a method for ecological restoration of plants in arid regions. Background Art

[0002] Arid regions refer to areas with an arid climate, accounting for about 30% of the land area. Their common characteristics are: low and variable precipitation, generally large daily and annual temperature ranges, potential evaporation far greater than precipitation, frequent sandstorms, few clouds, and strong sunlight. Lack of water is the main factor restricting plant growth. The ecological systems in these regions are vulnerable to impact, and both agricultural production and human life may be severely affected.

[0003] Currently, the restoration work in arid regions is mainly carried out by increasing water supply, and specific measures include rainwater collection, reservoir construction, and groundwater recharge. At the same time, in order to maintain soil fertility and moisture, measures such as preventing soil erosion, vegetation cover, and artificial greening are also taken. However, without targeted and effective control measures, these efforts may not be able to completely restore the ecological environment in arid regions and may even exacerbate the problem of soil and water loss. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for ecological restoration of plants in arid regions to solve the problems of low survival rate of transplanted vegetation and difficulty in vegetation restoration in arid regions.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a method for ecological restoration of plants in arid regions, which includes the following steps:

[0006] S1. Select the area that needs greening restoration, and view the data of the restoration area, where the data includes soil data, rainfall data, and meteorological data;

[0007] S2. Analyze the data of the soil, rainfall, and meteorological data to obtain the plants that can be planted;

[0008] S3. Cultivate the plants, apply different conditions of stress, and screen the best planting plan;

[0009] S4. Trim the planting land to be restored, and design the size of the planting holes and the amount of soil replacement according to the root-shoot ratio of the plants;

[0010] S5. Pour the planting holes thoroughly with water, set an isolation layer at the bottom of the planting holes, and lay a planting material above the isolation layer to form a planting layer;

[0011] S6. Lay another water-proof membrane on the planting layer, and reserve planting holes at the places where plants need to be planted;

[0012] S7. Plant the plants in the planting holes and conduct subsequent water and fertilizer management according to the planting plan in step S3.

[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0014] The plant cultivation steps in step S3 include:

[0015] S31. Subject different varieties of plants in the seedling stage to different degrees of drought treatment, artificially simulate drought stress through water control, and the stress time is 14 days.

[0016] S32. Select the best plant variety according to the growth and physiological indexes of different varieties of plant seedlings.

[0017] S33. Design a single-factor ratio fertilization plan for nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium and different water holding capacities, and screen out the best ratio fertilization management plan suitable for the growth of plant seedlings under different water conditions.

[0018] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0019] The determination of the physiological indexes includes the determination of the activities of SOD and POD by the NBT photoreduction method.

[0020] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0021] The determination of the physiological indexes includes the determination of root activity by the TTC method.

[0022] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0023] The material of the isolation layer is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 - 30 resin, 5 - 10 dispersant, 1 - 5 activator, 5 - 10 synthetic agent, 10 - 30 filler, and 300 - 600 water.

[0024] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0025] The planting layer is composed of peat, animal manure, and loess, and the mass ratio of the peat, the animal manure, and the loess is 40 - 80:20 - 30:10 - 20.

[0026] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0027] In step S1, determine the rainfall that can be collected per unit area in the restoration area according to rainfall data and meteorological data, and determine the specifications of the rainwater collection pool according to the collected rainfall.

[0028] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0029] The water - proof membrane is a film that is waterproof and isolates ultraviolet rays.

[0030] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0031] An anti-evaporation layer is provided between the water-proof membrane and the planting layer.

[0032] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0033] The material of the anti-evaporation layer is at least one of fine sand and broken eggshells.

[0034] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0035] 1. In the present invention, different varieties of plants in the seedling stage are respectively subjected to drought treatments of different degrees. Artificial drought stress is simulated by water control, and the stress time is 14 days. The growth indexes of different varieties of plant seedlings, such as the above-ground parts including plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, fresh weight, etc., and the underground parts including root length, root weight, etc.; and the physiological indexes, such as root activity, chlorophyll content, SOD and POD activities, etc. are measured. According to the measurement results of the growth and physiological indexes, it is judged which plant of different varieties (lines) is more suitable for the environment in arid areas, and the main plants suitable for ecological restoration in arid areas are selected. Therefore, in-depth research on plants for restoring arid areas provides a scientific basis for the selection and application research of drought-resistant plants.

[0036] 2. In the present invention, by providing an isolation layer at the bottom of the planting hole, and the isolation layer is arranged on the inner wall of the planting hole, the purposes of water retention and fertilizer retention are achieved. This isolation layer also has a ventilation function and will not affect the respiration of plants, so as to ensure that plants can take root and survive smoothly, avoid plant root rot, and improve the survival rate of plant planting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other related drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0038] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of a method for ecological restoration of plants in arid areas. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0039] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Apparently, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention usually described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0040] Therefore, the detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings below is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0042] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "inner", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings or the orientation or positional relationship in which the inventive product is customarily placed during use. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0043] In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "set", "installed", "connected", "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific situations.

[0044] Please refer to Figure 1 , the present invention provides a method for ecological restoration of plants in arid areas, including:

[0045] S1. Select the area that needs greening restoration, and check the information of the restoration area, where the information includes soil information, rainfall information and meteorological information;

[0046] S2. Analyze the plants that can be planted by combining the soil information, the rainfall information and the meteorological information;

[0047] S3. Cultivate the plants, apply stress under different conditions, and screen the best planting plan;

[0048] S4. Repair the planting area to be repaired, design the size of the planting hole and the amount of soil replacement according to the root-shoot ratio of the plants;

[0049] S5. Thoroughly water the planting hole. An isolation layer is provided at the bottom of the planting hole, and a planting material is laid above the isolation layer to form a planting layer;

[0050] S6. Lay another layer of water-proof film on the planting layer, and reserve planting holes at the places where plants need to be planted;

[0051] S7. Plant the plants in the planting holes, and conduct subsequent water and fertilizer management according to the planting plan in step S3.

[0052] The plant cultivation steps in step S3 include:

[0053] S31. Subject different varieties of plants in the seedling stage to different degrees of drought treatment respectively, artificially simulate drought stress through water control, and the stress time is 14 days;

[0054] S32. Select the best plant variety according to the growth and physiological indexes of the seedlings of different varieties of plants;

[0055] S33. Design a single-factor ratio fertilization plan for nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium and different water holding capacities, and screen out the best ratio fertilization management plan suitable for the growth of plant seedlings under different water conditions.

[0056] Specifically, 6 kinds of Chinese junipers are selected as different varieties of plants. Chinese juniper is naturally light-loving, young trees are more shade-tolerant, drought-tolerant, barren-tolerant, not strict with soil requirements, and can grow in acidic, neutral, and calcareous soils. It has strong stress resistance, can improve the survival rate of planting. At the same time, Chinese juniper can be propagated by cuttings, which can reduce costs and improve the efficiency of seedling raising. Through the above-mentioned plan, the best ratio fertilization management plan can be obtained, thereby improving the survival rate of the initial planted seedlings.

[0057] The determination of the physiological indexes includes the determination of the activities of SOD and POD by the NBT photoreduction method.

[0058] The determination of the physiological indexes includes the determination of root activity by the TTC method. The TTC method is specifically the triphenyltetrazolium chloride method.

[0059] The material of the isolation layer is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-30 resin, 5-10 dispersant, 1-5 activator, 5-10 synthetic agent, 10-30 filler, and 300-600 water.

[0060] The resin has good water solubility, strong adhesion, permeability and covering properties. It is a protective colloid, the dispersant is cellulose, the activator is magnesium oxide, the synthetic agent is vermiculite, and it has high heat insulation and frost resistance properties. The filler is illite, which is a potassium-rich silicate mica clay mineral with good adsorption, fineness and friability. When in use, the resin, dispersant, activator, synthetic agent, filler and water are mixed to obtain an emulsion liquid, and then the emulsion liquid is coated on the planting hole to achieve the purpose of water and fertilizer conservation.

[0061] The planting layer is composed of peat, animal manure and loess, and the mass ratio of the peat, the animal manure and the loess is 40 - 80:20 - 30:10 - 20. Peat contains abundant elements such as nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, calcium, manganese, etc., and is a natural organic substance that can provide minerals required for plant growth. Animal manure can be the manure of chickens, ducks, geese, cows and sheep after fermentation, which is easy to obtain, has less pollution than chemical fertilizers, and is not easy to cause soil caking.

[0062] Step S1 determines the rainfall that can be collected per unit area of the restoration area according to rainfall data and meteorological data, and determines the specifications of the rainwater collection pool according to the amount of rainwater collected.

[0063] Through the set rainwater collection pool, rainwater can be collected, making full use of precipitation resources, improving the utilization rate of precipitation resources, thus improving the utilization rate of precipitation resources, making full use of natural precipitation resources, and effectively saving the maintenance cost after planting.

[0064] The water barrier film is a film that is waterproof and isolates ultraviolet rays, which can improve the service life of the water barrier film.

[0065] An anti-evaporation layer is provided between the water barrier film and the planting layer. The material of the anti-evaporation layer is at least one of fine sand and broken eggshells. Fine sand and broken eggshells can reduce the transpiration and evaporation of saline water, and reduce the occurrence probability of the situation of alkali return on the surface of the planting layer.

[0066] Working principle: Different varieties of plants in the seedling stage are subjected to different degrees of drought treatment. Artificial drought stress is simulated by water control, and the stress time is 14 days. The growth indexes of different varieties of plant seedlings are measured, including the above-ground parts such as plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, fresh weight, etc., and the underground parts such as root length, root weight, etc.; the physiological indexes such as root activity, chlorophyll content, SOD and POD activities are measured. According to the measurement results of the growth and physiological indexes, it is judged which variety of plants is more suitable for the environment in arid areas, and the main plants suitable for ecological restoration in arid areas are selected. Therefore, in-depth research on plants for restoring arid areas provides a scientific basis for the selection and application research of drought-resistant plants. By setting an isolation layer at the bottom of the planting hole, the isolation layer is arranged on the inner wall of the planting hole to achieve the purpose of water and fertilizer conservation. The isolation layer also has a ventilation function and will not affect the respiration of plants, so as to ensure the smooth rooting and survival of plants, avoid root rot of plants, and improve the survival rate of plant planting.

[0067] As mentioned above, it is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and all should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for plant ecological restoration in arid areas, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Select the area that needs greening restoration and check the data of the restoration area, including soil data, rainfall data and meteorological data; S2. Analyze and obtain plants that can be planted by combining the soil data, the rainfall data and the meteorological data; S3, cultivate plants, subject them to different stress conditions, and select the best planting plan; S4. Repair the planting site that needs to be repaired, and design the planting hole size and soil replacement amount according to the plant root-crown ratio; S5, watering the planting hole thoroughly with water, setting an isolation layer at the bottom of the planting hole, and laying planting materials on the isolation layer to form a planting layer; S6. Laying another layer of water-proof membrane on the planting layer, and reserving planting holes where plants need to be planted; S7, planting the plants in the planting holes, and performing subsequent water and fertilizer management according to the planting plan of step S3.

2. A method for plant ecological restoration in arid areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plant cultivation step in step S3 includes: S31, subjecting plants of different varieties at the seedling stage to different degrees of drought treatment, artificially simulating drought stress by controlling water content, and the stress time is 14 days; S32. Select the best plant varieties according to the growth and physiological indicators of seedlings of different varieties; S33. Design single-factor ratio fertilization plans of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and different water holding capacities to screen out the best ratio fertilization management plan suitable for the growth of plant seedlings under different moisture conditions.

3. A method for plant ecological restoration in arid areas according to claim 2, characterized in that: The determination of the physiological indexes includes the determination of SOD and POD activities by NBT photoreduction method.

4. A method for plant ecological restoration in arid areas according to claim 2, characterized in that: The determination of the physiological indexes includes the determination of root activity by the TTC method.

5. The method for plant ecological restoration in arid areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the isolation layer includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-30 of resin, 5-10 of dispersant, 1-5 of activator, 5-10 of synthesizer, 10-30 of filler and 300-600 of water.

6. The method for plant ecological restoration in arid areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The planting layer is composed of peat, animal excrement and loess, and the mass ratio of the peat, the animal excrement and the loess is 40-80:20-30:10-20.

7. The method for plant ecological restoration in arid areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S1 determines the amount of rainfall that can be collected per unit area in the restoration area based on rainfall data and meteorological data, and determines the specifications of the rainwater collection pool based on the collected rainfall.

8. The method for plant ecological restoration in arid areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water-proof film is a waterproof and ultraviolet-shielding film.

9. A method for plant ecological restoration in arid areas according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that: An anti-evaporation layer is arranged between the water-proof film and the planting layer.

10. A method for plant ecological restoration in arid areas according to claim 9, characterized in that: The material of the anti-evaporation layer is at least one of fine sand and crushed eggshells.

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