Detection device for distinguishing active tuberculosis and latent tuberculosis infection

Abstract

The invention discloses a detection device for distinguishing active tuberculosis and latent tuberculosis infection, and belongs to the technical field of tuberculosis detection. Comprising a shell and a suction cylinder, a transmission mechanism is arranged in the shell, the transmission mechanism is connected with a suction mechanism used for sucking cerebrospinal fluid, first limiting mechanisms matched with each other are arranged at the top of the suction mechanism, and the suction mechanism is located in the suction cylinder; a second limiting mechanism used in cooperation with the first limiting mechanism is arranged on the side of the first limiting mechanism. According to the detection device, through the design of the transmission mechanism, efficient transmission of mechanical energy is achieved; a plurality of grooves in the fixed block are rotationally matched with the shifting wheel, so that multiple collection operations are supported; the suction mechanism is matched with the sampling port to collect cerebrospinal fluid into the suction tube, so that the cerebrospinal fluid is prevented from being in contact with epidermal tissues, and the risk of secondary infection after puncture operation is remarkably reduced; in the device design, the first limiting mechanism and the second limiting mechanism are matched with each other to limit the suction pipe and the push rod, and the suction pipe is prevented from rebounding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tuberculosis detection, and particularly to a detection device for differentiating active tuberculosis and latent tuberculosis infection. Background Art

[0002] Tuberculosis, also known as "consumption", is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In tuberculosis, specific mRNA expression patterns may reflect the host's immune response status to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) or the pathogenic mechanism of MTB. However, currently, direct tuberculosis detection methods based on mRNA are not common, and more often, the MTB infection status is indirectly reflected by detecting proteins or antibodies related to the host immune response. In tuberculosis, specific miRNA expression patterns have been used as potential diagnostic biomarkers. For example, studies have shown that there are differences in miRNA expression between active tuberculosis patients and healthy individuals, and these differentially expressed miRNAs can be used as biomarkers to distinguish active tuberculosis patients from healthy individuals. A possible detection device may distinguish active tuberculosis and latent tuberculosis infection based on the expression levels of mRNA or miRNA. By detecting the expression levels of specific mRNA or miRNA in host cells, the host's immune response status to MTB or the pathogenic activity of MTB can be judged. Detection techniques based on mRNA or miRNA may include real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR), gene chips, sequencing, etc. These techniques can be used to detect the expression levels of specific mRNA or miRNA in samples (cerebrospinal fluid) and thereby judge the tuberculosis infection status.

[0003] Therefore, the efficient extraction of cerebrospinal fluid is particularly important. The extraction of cerebrospinal fluid requires lumbar puncture, which is a process of inserting a needle through the skin into the spinal canal of the lumbar vertebrae to draw out the cerebrospinal fluid in the spinal canal. After extraction, the cerebrospinal fluid is tested to determine whether there are brain abscesses, intracranial infections, tuberculosis, other tumors, etc. in the central nervous system; the results of the cerebrospinal fluid test can be used to distinguish active tuberculosis from latent tuberculosis infection.

[0004] The invention patent with publication number CN117338342A discloses a detection device for distinguishing active tuberculosis from latent tuberculosis infection, including a shell assembly, a handle fixedly installed at the bottom of the shell assembly, and a fixed assembly opened on the back of the shell assembly. The present invention achieves the purpose of multi-tube sampling by providing a sampling wheel, a sampling slot and a puncture needle body, etc. The medical staff will press the paddle to drive the transmission toothed belt, the second transmission gear and the first transmission gear to rotate through the sliding block, and the first transmission gear will drive the transmission rod and the sampling wheel to rotate, and the cerebrospinal fluid will be located inside the sampling slot. The cerebrospinal fluid will be removed and separated on one side of the sampling port when the rotating sampling wheel passes through the sampling port, and the cerebrospinal fluid sample will be located inside the sampling slot for storage, so that the paddle is repeatedly pressed to drive the sampling wheel to rotate, so that the sampling slot coincides with the sampling port in turn, and the cerebrospinal fluid is sampled, thereby realizing multi-tube sampling, so that it achieves the effect of multi-tube sampling. However, the detection device still has the following problems when in use: (1) When the puncture needle is withdrawn after puncture, the cerebrospinal fluid adheres to the epidermal tissue and may cause secondary infection; (2) The cerebrospinal fluid will be squeezed into the sampling groove by relying on the negative pressure inside the sampling groove to match the pressure inside the human body. The collection efficiency is low relying solely on the pressure difference, so it is necessary to use a suction device to improve the collection efficiency and sample stability. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention aims to provide a detection device for distinguishing active tuberculosis from latent tuberculosis infection. Through the design of the transmission mechanism, efficient transmission of mechanical energy is achieved. The suction mechanism cooperates with the sampling slot structure to collect cerebrospinal fluid samples; the multiple grooves on the fixed block cooperate with the rotation of the toggle wheel to support multiple collection operations; the suction mechanism cooperates with the sampling port to form a sealed sampling slot, and the cerebrospinal fluid is collected into the suction tube, which prevents the cerebrospinal fluid from contacting the epidermal tissue and significantly reduces the risk of secondary infection after the puncture operation; in the device design, the first limiting mechanism and the second limiting mechanism cooperate with each other to limit the suction tube and the push rod.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A detection device for distinguishing active tuberculosis from latent tuberculosis infection comprises a shell and a suction tube. A transmission mechanism is arranged inside the shell. The transmission mechanism is connected to a suction mechanism for sucking cerebrospinal fluid. A first limiting mechanism for mutual cooperation is arranged on the top of the suction mechanism. The suction mechanism is located in the suction tube. A second limiting mechanism for mutual cooperation is arranged on the side of the first limiting mechanism.

[0007] Furthermore, the transmission mechanism includes a first transmission gear, a second transmission gear, a driving shaft and a driven shaft; the first transmission gear is rotatably installed in the outer shell, the first transmission gear and the second transmission gear are meshed with each other, the output end of the second transmission gear is connected to a driving unit, and the driving unit is used to drive the driven shaft to rotate; the driven shaft is rotatably set in the draw tube.

[0008] Furthermore, the driving unit comprises a driving shaft connected to the output end of the second transmission gear, a toggle lever is provided on the driving shaft, and a toggle wheel matched with the toggle lever is provided on the top of the driven shaft.

[0009] Furthermore, a fixing block is installed at the bottom of the driven shaft, and the fixing block is provided with four first grooves; a sampling port corresponding to the first groove is provided on the extraction tube, and the extraction tube is provided with a suction mechanism corresponding to the sampling port.

[0010] Furthermore, the suction mechanism includes a suction tube, a pushing block and a first spring; the suction tube is arranged above the sampling port, the pushing block is sleeved on the suction tube, and the first spring is arranged between the pushing block and the bottom of the shell; a second groove is opened on the side of the pushing block.

[0011] Furthermore, two groups of first limiting mechanisms are correspondingly provided outside the suction tube, and each group of the first limiting mechanisms includes a connecting block, a pushing rod and a clamping block; the connecting block is arranged on the inner bottom surface of the outer shell, a pushing rod is slidably provided inside the connecting block, and a clamping block corresponding to the second groove is provided at the end of the pushing rod.

[0012] Furthermore, a third groove is formed on the push rod, and a second limiting mechanism corresponding to the third groove is disposed outside the push rod.

[0013] Furthermore, the second limiting mechanism includes a second spring and a limiting block; the second spring is installed in the connecting block, and the end of the second spring is connected to a limiting block matching the pushing rod.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The detection device of the present invention realizes efficient transmission of mechanical energy through the design of the transmission mechanism. The suction mechanism cooperates with the sampling slot structure to collect cerebrospinal fluid samples; the multiple grooves on the fixed block cooperate with the rotation of the toggle wheel to support multiple collection operations, especially when the amount of suction is insufficient at one time, it can be quickly adjusted to the next groove for further collection; the suction mechanism cooperates with the sampling port to form a sampling slot, and the cerebrospinal fluid is collected into the suction tube. The rotating toggle wheel cuts and separates the cerebrospinal fluid through one side of the sampling port, preventing the cerebrospinal fluid from contacting the epidermal tissue, and significantly reducing the risk of secondary infection after the puncture operation; in the device design, the first limiting mechanism and the second limiting mechanism cooperate with each other to limit the suction tube and the push rod to prevent the suction tube from rebounding and causing sample leakage.

[0015] 2. In the present invention, the multiple first grooves on the fixed block cooperate with the rotation of the toggle wheel to support multiple collection operations. In particular, when the amount of suction is insufficient at one time, it can be quickly adjusted to the next groove for further collection. The operation is convenient and there is no need to replace the device, saving medical resources.

[0016] 3. The cooperation between the suction mechanism and the sampling port in the present invention forms a sealed sampling slot, and the cerebrospinal fluid is collected into the suction tube. The rotating dial wheel cuts and separates the cerebrospinal fluid through one side of the sampling port, preventing the cerebrospinal fluid from contacting the epidermal tissue, significantly reducing the risk of secondary infection after the puncture operation, and at the same time, after the sampling is completed, the cerebrospinal fluid in the suction tube is directly transferred to the detection tube through the rebound effect. In the design of the device, the first limiting mechanism and the second limiting mechanism cooperate with each other to accurately limit the suction tube and the push rod to prevent the sample from leaking due to the rebound of the suction tube. The automatic reset function of the limit block of the push rod ensures the stability of the device operation and the reliability of repeated use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the detection device in the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 It is the front view of the detection device in the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the detection device in the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of middle A.

[0021] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of B.

[0022] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional view of the detection device in the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7It is a cross-sectional view of the first transmission gear and the second transmission gear in the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8 It is a cross-sectional view of the draw tube and the fixing block in the present invention.

[0025] Figure 9 It is a cross-sectional view of the first limiting mechanism and the second limiting mechanism in the present invention.

[0026] Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 A partial enlarged view of C in the middle.

[0027] Wherein: 1. shell; 2. draw tube; 3. transmission mechanism; 4. suction mechanism; 5. first limit mechanism; 6. second limit mechanism; 21. sampling port; 31. first transmission gear; 32. second transmission gear; 33. driving shaft; 34. driven shaft; 35. fixing block; 36. first groove; 37. toggle wheel; 41. suction tube; 42. pushing block; 43. first spring; 44. second groove; 51. connecting block; 52. pushing rod; 53. clamping block; 54. third groove; 61. second spring; 62. limit block; 331. toggle rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "front end", "back end", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they should not be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0030] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0031] See attached Figure 1-10A detection device for differentiating active tuberculosis and latent tuberculosis infection as shown, comprising a housing 1 and a syringe barrel 2. A transmission mechanism 3 is provided inside the housing 1. The transmission mechanism 3 is connected to a suction mechanism 4 for sucking cerebrospinal fluid. A first limiting mechanism 5 that cooperates with each other is provided at the top of the suction mechanism 4. The suction mechanism 4 is located inside the syringe barrel 2. A second limiting mechanism 6 that cooperates with each other is provided on the side of the first limiting mechanism 5.

[0032] By setting the transmission mechanism 3, the effective transmission and control of power are realized, ensuring the stability of the operation during the process of sucking cerebrospinal fluid. The design of the suction mechanism 4 enables the rapid and accurate extraction of cerebrospinal fluid. At the same time, through the mutual cooperation of the first limiting mechanism 5, over-extraction or leakage during the suction process is prevented.

[0033] The transmission mechanism 3 includes a first transmission gear 31, a second transmission gear 32, a driving shaft 33 and a driven shaft 34. The first transmission gear 31 is rotatably installed inside the housing 1. The first transmission gear 31 and the second transmission gear 32 are meshed with each other. This meshing structural design can realize the efficient transmission of rotational motion. The output end of the second transmission gear 32 is connected to a driving unit, and the driving unit is used to drive the driven shaft 34 to rotate. The driven shaft 34 is rotatably arranged inside the syringe barrel 2. The driving unit includes a driving shaft 33 connected to the output end of the second transmission gear 32. A toggle rod 331 is provided on the driving shaft 33. A toggle wheel 37 that cooperates with the toggle rod 331 is provided at the top of the driven shaft 34. A chute is provided on the toggle wheel 37. When the toggle rod 331 rotates to drive the toggle wheel 37 to rotate 90°, the toggle rod 331 disengages from the wheel, and the toggle wheel 37 will not rotate. The toggle rod 331 can control the rotation of the driven shaft 34, thereby realizing the action of the suction mechanism 4. The operation steps are effectively simplified by means of mechanical transmission, ensuring the stability and controllability of the device operation.

[0034] A fixing block 35 is installed at the bottom of the driven shaft 34. Four first grooves 36 are provided in the fixing block 35. A sampling port 21 corresponding to the first grooves 36 is provided on the syringe barrel 2, and the syringe barrel 2 is provided with a suction mechanism 4 corresponding to the sampling port 21. The four first grooves 36 on the fixing block 35 are arranged perpendicular to each other in pairs. When the toggle rod 331 rotates to drive the toggle wheel 37 to rotate 90°, the first grooves 36 and the sampling port 21 cooperate with each other to form a sampling groove, enabling the suction mechanism 4 to suck cerebrospinal fluid. Every time the toggle rod 331 rotates one circle, the toggle wheel 37 rotates 90°, and the suction mechanism 4 sucks cerebrospinal fluid once.

[0035] The suction mechanism 4 includes a suction tube 41, a pushing block 42 and a first spring 43; the suction tube 41 is arranged above the sampling port 21, and the sampling port 21 and the suction tube 41 cooperate with each other so that the suction tube 41 can absorb cerebrospinal fluid. A pushing block 42 is sleeved on the suction tube 41, and a first spring 43 is arranged between the pushing block 42 and the bottom of the shell 1. The suction tube 41 is designed with a telescopic structure, so that when the pushing block 42 is pushed, the telescopic end of the suction tube 41 is driven to telescope so that cerebrospinal fluid can be absorbed. The suction tube 41 is movably connected to the fixed block 35, and the telescopic end close to the fixed block 35 is fixed on the suction tube 2, so that when the pushing block 42 is pushed, the lower part of the suction tube 41 does not move, and the upper part moves with the movement of the pushing block 42; a second groove 44 is opened on the side of the pushing block 42, and the pushing block 42 is provided with anti-slip grooves. When the toggle lever 331 rotates and drives the toggle wheel 37 to rotate 90°, the first groove 36 and the sampling port 21 cooperate with each other to form a sampling groove, so that the suction mechanism 4 can absorb cerebrospinal fluid. Since cerebrospinal fluid is a fluid, it is necessary to rotate the toggle wheel 37 to cut and separate the cerebrospinal fluid through one side of the sampling port 21; when the amount of cerebrospinal fluid absorbed is insufficient, the toggle wheel 37 is rotated one circle, and at this time, another first groove 36 is turned to the sampling port 21 and cooperates with the sampling port 21 to form a sampling groove, and the push block 42 is continued to be pushed to absorb cerebrospinal fluid, and the cycle is repeated until a sufficient amount of cerebrospinal fluid is absorbed. It should be noted that the toggle wheel 37 needs to be rotated to cut off the cerebrospinal fluid after each absorption. The structural design of the suction mechanism 4 realizes the suction of cerebrospinal fluid. The combination of the push block 42 and the first spring 43 can provide a stable rebound force during the suction process, ensuring that the suction tube 41 can return to its original position after suction; the second groove 44 on the push block 42 provides a positioning function for the suction and release of cerebrospinal fluid; the anti-slip pattern design on the push block 42 improves the holding stability during operation and reduces operational errors caused by sliding.

[0036] Two sets of first limiting mechanisms 5 are correspondingly arranged outside the suction tube 41. Each set of the first limiting mechanisms 5 includes a connecting block 51, a push rod 52 and a clamping block 53. The connecting block 51 is arranged on the inner bottom surface of the housing 1. A push rod 52 is slidably arranged in the connecting block 51. The end of the push rod 52 is provided with a clamping block 53 corresponding to the second groove 44. When the push block 42 is pushed into the housing 1, the push rod 52 is pushed to make the clamping block 53 at the end thereof be stuck in the second groove 44 of the push block 42. A third groove 54 is formed in the push rod 52, and a second limiting mechanism 6 for limiting the push rod 52 is arranged outside the push rod 52. The second limiting mechanism 6 limits the third groove 54 of the push rod 52, so that the clamping block 53 is stuck in the second groove 44. By arranging the first limiting mechanism 5, the suction tube 41 can be limited to prevent the suction tube 41 from rebounding and causing cerebrospinal fluid to be squeezed out. The design of the connecting block 51 ensures that the push rod 52 can slide smoothly. The clamping block 53 at the end of the push rod 52 is used in cooperation with the second groove 44 to further improve the stability during the suction process. The third groove 54 on the push rod 52 is used in cooperation with the second limiting mechanism 6 to limit the push rod 52 to prevent the push rod 52 from rebounding and causing the clamping block 53 to disengage, providing the reliability of the device.

[0037] The second limiting mechanism 6 includes a second spring 61 and a limiting block 62. The second spring 61 is installed in the connecting block 51, and the end of the second spring 61 is connected with a limiting block 62 matching the push rod 52. The second limiting mechanism 6 provides an automatic reset function through the elastic force of the second spring 61. The limiting block 62 limits the third groove 54 on the push rod 52. At the same time, the addition of the limiting block 62 effectively restricts the movement of the push rod 52, thereby improving the reliability and durability of the overall operation of the device. When the push rod 52 is pushed, the limiting block 62 will drive the second spring 61 to compress under pressure. The push rod 52 is continuously pushed forward until the clamping block 53 abuts against the second groove 44 of the push block 42. At this time, the limiting block 62 will automatically rebound under the action of the second spring 61, and the limiting block 62 just gets stuck in the third groove 54 of the push rod 52 to limit the push rod 52. After the suction is completed, the push rod 52 is pulled out, and the suction tube 41 rebounds after losing the limit, and the cerebrospinal fluid is squeezed out into the detection tube. Since the cerebrospinal fluid is in the suction tube 41 at this time, it will not contact the epidermal tissue when pulled out, preventing secondary infection caused by the cerebrospinal fluid adhering to the epidermal tissue when withdrawing the needle after the puncture is completed.

[0038] The working principle of the detection device in this embodiment is as follows: the medical staff rotates the first transmission gear 31, and the second transmission gear 32 rotates through gear meshing. The second transmission gear 32 is fixedly connected to the driving shaft 33, driving the toggle rod 331 to rotate. When the toggle rod 331 rotates and drives the toggle wheel 37 to rotate 90°, the first groove 36 on the fixed block 35 follows the rotation and cooperates with the sampling port 21 to form a sampling groove. Push the push block 42, the suction tube 41 compresses the first spring 43 and sucks cerebrospinal fluid. Since cerebrospinal fluid is a fluid, each time the cerebrospinal fluid is sucked, it is necessary to rotate the toggle wheel 37 to remove and separate the cerebrospinal fluid through one side of the sampling port 21. When the amount of cerebrospinal fluid sucked is insufficient, rotate the toggle wheel 37 once, and at this time, another first groove 36 turns to the sampling port 21 and cooperates with the sampling port 21 to form a sampling groove, and continue to push the push block 42 to suck cerebrospinal fluid, and circulate until a sufficient amount of cerebrospinal fluid is sucked. At this time, the second groove 44 on the push block 42 is located in the housing 1. The anti-slip pattern design on the push block 42 ensures stable operation and avoids slipping. Push the push rod 52 to insert the block 53 into the second groove 44 of the suction tube 41 to prevent the cerebrospinal fluid from leaking out during rebound. At the same time, the limit block 62 fixes the position of the push rod 52 under the action of the second spring 61, so that the limit block 62 will not rebound. After the absorption is completed, the device is pulled out, the push rod 52 is pulled out, and the suction tube 41 rebounds after losing the limit, squeezing the cerebrospinal fluid into the detection tube. Specific application cases

[0039] When it is necessary to collect and test the patient's cerebrospinal fluid, a specific application method of a detection device for distinguishing active tuberculosis from latent tuberculosis infection in the present application is: The medical staff rotates the first transmission gear 31, drives the toggle wheel 37 to rotate, and the second transmission gear 32 rotates through gear meshing. The second transmission gear 32 is fixedly connected to the driving shaft 33, and drives the toggle rod 331 to rotate. When the toggle rod 331 rotates and drives the toggle wheel 37 to rotate 90 degrees, the first groove 36 on the fixed block 35 cooperates with the sampling port 21 to form a sampling slot. The medical staff pushes the push block 42, so that the suction tube 41 compresses the first spring 43 and sucks cerebrospinal fluid. Since cerebrospinal fluid is a fluid, each time it is sucked, the toggle wheel 37 needs to be rotated to remove and separate the cerebrospinal fluid through one side of the sampling port 21.

[0040] When the amount of cerebrospinal fluid aspirated is insufficient, rotate the dial 37 one turn. At this time, another first groove 36 rotates to the sampling port 21 and cooperates with the sampling port 21 to form a sampling groove. Continue to push the push block 42 to aspirate the cerebrospinal fluid until enough cerebrospinal fluid is aspirated. At this time, the second groove 44 on the push block 42 is located inside the housing 1. The anti-slip pattern design on the push block 42 ensures stable operation and avoids slipping. Push the push rod 52 to insert the locking block 53 into the second groove 44 of the aspiration tube 41 to limit the aspiration tube 41 and prevent the cerebrospinal fluid from leaking due to rebound after the collection is completed. At the same time, the limiting block 62 fixes the position of the push rod 52 under the action of the second spring 61, so that the limiting block 62 will not rebound.

[0041] After the collection is completed, pull out the device and pull out the push rod 52. After the aspiration tube 41 loses its limit, it rebounds under the action of the spring and squeezes the cerebrospinal fluid into the test tube. Since the cerebrospinal fluid is in the aspiration tube 41 at this time, it will not contact the epidermal tissue when pulled out, preventing secondary infection caused by the adhesion of cerebrospinal fluid to the epidermal tissue when withdrawing the needle after the puncture.

[0042] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and the specification only illustrates the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A detection device for distinguishing active tuberculosis from latent tuberculosis infection, comprising a housing (1) and a pump (2), characterized in that: A transmission mechanism (3) is provided in the housing (1), the transmission mechanism (3) is connected to a suction mechanism (4) for sucking cerebrospinal fluid, a first stop mechanism (5) cooperating with each other is provided on the top of the suction mechanism (4), and the suction mechanism (4) is located in the suction tube (2); A second limiting mechanism (6) is provided on the side of the first limiting mechanism (5) for use in conjunction with the first limiting mechanism.

2. A detection device for distinguishing active tuberculosis from latent tuberculosis infection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism (3) comprises a first transmission gear (31), a second transmission gear (32), a driving shaft (33) and a driven shaft (34); The first transmission gear (31) is rotatably mounted in the housing (1); the first transmission gear (31) and the second transmission gear (32) are meshed with each other; an output end of the second transmission gear (32) is connected to a drive unit, and the drive unit is used to drive the driven shaft (34) to rotate; The driven shaft (34) is rotatably arranged in the draw cylinder (2).

3. A detection device for distinguishing active tuberculosis from latent tuberculosis infection according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving unit comprises a driving shaft (33) connected to the output end of the second transmission gear (32), a toggle rod (331) being provided on the driving shaft (33), and a toggle wheel (37) cooperating with the toggle rod (331) being provided on the top of the driven shaft (34).

4. A detection device for distinguishing active tuberculosis from latent tuberculosis infection according to claim 3, characterized in that: A fixing block (35) is installed at the bottom of the driven shaft (34), and the fixing block (35) is provided with four first grooves (36); The extraction tube (2) is provided with a sampling port (21) corresponding to the first groove (36), and the extraction tube (2) is provided with a suction mechanism (4) corresponding to the sampling port (21).

5. A detection device for distinguishing active tuberculosis from latent tuberculosis infection according to claim 4, characterized in that: The suction mechanism (4) comprises a suction tube (41), a pushing block (42) and a first spring (43); The suction tube (41) is arranged above the sampling port (21), a pushing block (42) is sleeved on the suction tube (41), and a first spring (43) is provided between the pushing block (42) and the bottom of the housing (1); A second groove (44) is formed on the side surface of the pushing block (42).

6. A detection device for distinguishing active tuberculosis from latent tuberculosis infection according to claim 5, characterized in that: Two sets of first limiting mechanisms (5) are correspondingly provided outside the suction tube (41), and each set of the first limiting mechanisms (5) comprises a connecting block (51), a pushing rod (52) and a clamping block (53); The connection block (51) is arranged on the inner bottom surface of the outer shell (1), a push rod (52) is slidably arranged in the connection block (51), and a clamping block (53) corresponding to the second groove (44) is arranged at the end of the push rod (52).

7. A detection device for distinguishing active tuberculosis from latent tuberculosis infection according to claim 6, characterized in that: The push rod (52) is provided with a third groove (54), and the push rod (52) is provided with a second limiting mechanism (6) corresponding to the third groove (54) outside.

8. A detection device for distinguishing active tuberculosis from latent tuberculosis infection according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second limiting mechanism (6) comprises a second spring (61) and a limiting block (62); The second spring (61) is installed in the connecting block (51), and the end of the second spring (61) is connected to a limiting block (62) matching the pushing rod (52).

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