Arc-shaped retractor for maxillofacial bone defect repair

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of oral and maxillofacial surgery, and discloses an arc-shaped retractor for maxillofacial bone defect repair, which comprises a defective bone fixing assembly, the defective bone fixing assembly comprises two first titanium plates, the outer surfaces of the first titanium plates are integrally connected with first convex columns internally provided with screw holes, one ends of the first convex columns are connected with support plates through first medical screws, and the other ends of the first convex columns are connected with second convex columns through second medical screws; a plurality of rotating holes are formed in the outer surface of the support plate at equal intervals, rotating pins are rotationally connected into three of the rotating holes, and second medical screws are connected into the rotating pins in a threaded mode. The first titanium plate provides a reliable anchoring foundation for traction by means of biocompatibility and mechanical strength of titanium alloy, and the first convex column provides a supporting point for the traction assembly; a steel wire caulking groove and a limiting stop block ensure that the traction wire is stable and safe, and traction force is uniformly transmitted; the whole structure achieves accurate and controllable arc-shaped distraction osteogenesis, and the repair speed of the defective maxillofacial bone is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of oral and maxillofacial surgery, in particular to an arc-shaped traction device for repairing maxillofacial bone defects. Background Art

[0002] Maxillofacial bone defects are mostly caused by traumatic fractures, tumor resection or congenital deformities, which seriously affect the patient's facial morphology, occlusal function and quality of life. Currently, the main clinical method for repairing larger bone defects is autologous bone transplantation combined with traditional distraction osteogenesis.

[0003] However, autologous bone transplantation has problems such as donor site damage, limited bone volume, and postoperative absorption risk; and traditional distractors are mostly linear in design, which is difficult to adapt to the complex arc-shaped anatomical structure of the maxillofacial bones, resulting in a mismatch between the traction direction and the bone defect morphology, affecting the accuracy of osteogenesis. In addition, the existing technology requires multiple surgeries to adjust the traction parameters, a long treatment cycle, and a lack of real-time intraoperative osteogenesis effect evaluation methods, which can easily lead to insufficient or excessive traction, ultimately affecting the symmetry of bone repair and functional recovery. While wearing traditional distractors, patients may also suffer from changes in facial appearance and limited chewing function due to problems such as large size and insufficient rigidity of the device, which increases the physical and mental burden. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a traction device that can accurately match the anatomical morphology of the jaw, achieve controllable distraction osteogenesis, and take into account the comfort and functional needs of patients. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an arc-shaped distraction device for repairing maxillofacial bone defects, which is capable of realizing precise and controllable arc-shaped distraction osteogenesis, accelerating the repair speed of maxillofacial bone defects, and solving the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an arc-shaped traction device for repairing maxillofacial bone defects, comprising a defect bone fixation assembly, which comprises two No. 1 titanium plates, the outer surface of the No. 1 titanium plate is integrally connected with a boss 1 with a screw hole opened inside, one end of the boss 1 is connected to a bracket plate through a No. 1 medical screw, the outer surface of the bracket plate is provided with a plurality of rotating holes at equal intervals, wherein three of the rotating holes are rotatably connected with rotating pins, and the internal thread of the rotating pin is connected with a No. 2 medical screw;

[0006] Traction assembly, there are three groups of the traction assemblies, which include an arc-shaped support plate and a second titanium plate. One end of the arc-shaped support plate is fixedly connected with a knob. A circular groove is penetrated and opened at the center of the end face of the knob, and a through groove is opened on the end face of the knob. A rectangular groove is penetrated and opened on the arc-shaped surface of the arc-shaped support plate, and a wire embedding groove is opened on the arc-shaped surface of the arc-shaped support plate. A second convex column is integrally connected to the outer surface of the second titanium plate. One end of the second convex column is fixedly connected with a pin rod. A traction wire is hooked on the outer surface of the pin rod. A limit stop block is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the arc-shaped support plate, and a slot is opened at one end of the arc-shaped support plate.

[0007] Preferably, through holes are opened at positions near both ends of the outer surface of the support plate. The through holes are used for inserting the first medical screws. The first titanium plate is connected to the outer surface of the defective bone through titanium screws. One end of the first convex column relative to the first titanium plate protrudes from the muscle layer covered by the defective bone.

[0008] Preferably, the second titanium plate is installed on the outer surface of the intact jawbone body through titanium screws. One end of the second convex column relative to the second titanium plate protrudes from the muscle layer covered by the jawbone body. The radian of the arc-shaped support plate is adapted to the arc-shaped anatomical structure of the jawbone body, and the adaptation error does not exceed ±5 degrees.

[0009] Preferably, one end of the rotating pin penetrates through the rotating hole. The second medical screw penetrates through the circular groove and is threadedly connected with the rotating pin. The end of the through groove communicates with the circular groove.

[0010] Preferably, a lock hook is arranged at one end of the traction wire. One end of the traction wire relative to the lock hook is fixedly connected with a spring. One end of the spring is fixedly connected with a fixing ring. The fixing ring is sleeved on the outer surface of the second medical screw. The through groove is used for passing the traction wire. The lock hook of the traction wire is hooked on the outer surface of the pin rod, and the spring of the traction wire is accommodated inside the rectangular groove.

[0011] Preferably, one end of the second convex column relative to the second titanium plate is integrally connected with a pin rod. One end of the pin rod relative to the second convex column is integrally connected with a limit circular plate. The outer surface of the pin rod is in sliding contact with the slot.

[0012] Preferably, the depth of the wire embedding groove is 1-3 mm, and the width is 2-3 mm, which can stably embed the traction wire. The traction wire is made of nitinol alloy, and the surface of the traction wire is coated with a biocompatible coating, and the diameter is 0.5-1.0 mm. A plurality of limit stop blocks are fixedly connected to the arc-shaped surface of the arc-shaped support plate. A semi-circular hole is penetrated and opened on the outer surface of the limit stop block.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides an arc-shaped tractor for maxillofacial bone defect repair, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] In the present invention, the first titanium plate utilizes the biocompatibility and mechanical strength of titanium alloy to provide a reliable anchoring foundation for traction, and the first convex column provides a support point for the traction assembly; the second titanium plate and the second convex column together provide a rigid anchor point for the traction assembly. The arc-shaped support plate has a precise curvature adaptation, avoiding stress concentration and device displacement, and ensuring that the traction direction is consistent with the bone growth direction; the rotating pin and the rotating hole can adjust the traction direction at multiple angles, the spring of the traction wire provides dynamic buffering, the locking hook efficiently transmits the traction force, and the limiting disc prevents the locking hook from slipping; the wire groove and the limiting block ensure the stability and safety of the traction wire, enabling the uniform transmission of the traction force; the overall structure realizes precise and controllable arc-shaped distraction osteogenesis, accelerating the repair speed of the defective maxillofacial bone. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional view of the tractor after installation in the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional view of the tractor in the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 It is an exploded three-dimensional view of the tractor in the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 It is an exploded three-dimensional view of the defective bone fixation assembly in the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 It is an exploded three-dimensional view of the traction assembly in the present invention;

[0020] Figure 6 In the present invention Figure 5 A partial enlarged three-dimensional view of A.

[0021] Wherein: 1. Defective bone fixation assembly; 11. First titanium plate; 12. First convex column; 13. Support plate; 14. Rotating hole; 15. Rotating pin; 16. First medical screw; 17. Second medical screw; 2. Traction assembly; 21. Arc-shaped support plate; 22. Knob; 23. Circular groove; 24. Through groove; 25. Rectangular groove; 26. Wire groove; 27. Second titanium plate; 28. Second convex column; 29. Pin rod; 210. Traction wire; 211. Limiting block; 212. Slot; 3. Defective bone; 4. Maxilla body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0022] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0023] Please refer to Figures 1-4 , an arc-shaped tractor for repairing maxillofacial bone defects provided by the present invention includes a defect bone fixing component 1, which includes two first titanium plates 11. A first convex column 12 with a screw hole inside is integrally connected to the outer surface of the first titanium plate 11. One end of the first convex column 12 is connected to a support plate 13 through a first medical screw 16. A plurality of rotating holes 14 are equidistantly arranged on the outer surface of the support plate 13. Three of the rotating holes 14 are rotatably connected with rotating pins 15, and a second medical screw 17 is threadedly connected inside the rotating pin 15;

[0024] Regarding the specific structure of the traction component 2, please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 , three groups of traction components 2 are provided, which include an arc-shaped support plate 21 and a second titanium plate 27. One end of the arc-shaped support plate 21 is fixedly connected to a knob 22. A circular groove 23 is penetrated through the center of the end face of the knob 22, and a through groove 24 is opened on the end face of the knob 22. A rectangular groove 25 is penetrated through the arc surface of the arc-shaped support plate 21, and a wire embedding groove 26 is opened on the arc surface of the arc-shaped support plate 21. A second convex column 28 is integrally connected to the outer surface of the second titanium plate 27. One end of the second convex column 28 is fixedly connected to a pin rod 29. A traction wire 210 is hooked on the outer surface of the pin rod 29. A limiting block 211 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the arc-shaped support plate 21, and a slot 212 is opened at one end of the arc-shaped support plate 21.

[0025] Furthermore, through holes are opened at positions near both ends of the outer surface of the support plate 13 for inserting the first medical screws 16. The first titanium plate 11 is connected to the outer surface of the defect bone 3 through titanium screws. One end of the first convex column 12 relative to the first titanium plate 11 protrudes from the muscle layer covered by the defect bone 3.

[0026] The through holes opened at both ends of the outer surface of the support plate 13 are used for inserting the first medical screws 16. Its main function is to firmly connect the support plate 13 and the first titanium plate 11. The doctor slightly bends the first titanium plate 11 with pliers so that it can fit on the outer surface of the defect bone 3. The first titanium plate 11 is connected to the outer surface of the defect bone 3 through titanium screws, which can stably fix the entire defect bone fixing component 1 on the defect bone 3. The first titanium plate 11 uses the biocompatibility and mechanical strength of titanium alloy to provide a reliable anchoring foundation for the traction process, reducing the risk of rejection or loosening after implantation; and the first convex column 12 protrudes from the muscle layer covered by the defect bone 3, providing a mechanical support point for the traction component 2. This design is to facilitate the connection with the traction component 2, provide a reliable basic support for the subsequent traction operation, enable the traction component 2 to act on the defect bone 3 smoothly, and then realize the traction repair of the maxillofacial bone defect site, ensuring the effective operation of the entire tractor system, and ultimately achieving the purpose of accurately repairing the maxillofacial bone defect.

[0027] Further, the second titanium plate 27 is installed on the outer surface of the intact jawbone body 4 through titanium screws. One end of the second convex column 28 protruding from the second titanium plate 27 protrudes from the muscle layer covered by the jawbone body 4. The radian of the arc-shaped support plate 21 is adapted to the arc-shaped anatomical structure of the jawbone body 4, and the adaptation error does not exceed ±5 degrees.

[0028] The second titanium plate 27 is fixed to the outer surface of the intact jawbone body 4 through titanium screws. The combined second convex column 28 penetrates the soft tissue and is exposed, providing a rigid anchor point for the traction assembly 2. At the same time, the design of penetrating the muscle layer reduces the buffering interference of the soft tissue on the traction force, enabling the traction force to act directly on the bone surface and improving the traction efficiency; the radian of the arc-shaped support plate 21 is precisely adapted to the arc-shaped anatomical structure of the jawbone body 4; on the one hand, it fits the natural curvature of the jawbone, avoiding local stress concentration or device displacement caused by morphological deviation, and on the other hand, it ensures that the traction direction is consistent with the bone growth direction, making the osteogenesis process in the bone defect area more in line with the physiological repair trajectory and reducing the risk of occlusal malposition or facial asymmetry caused by traction deviation.

[0029] Further, one end of the rotating pin 15 penetrates the rotating hole 14, and the second medical screw 17 penetrates the circular groove 23 and is threadedly connected to the rotating pin 15. The end of the groove 24 communicates with the circular groove 23.

[0030] The equidistant distribution of the rotating holes 14 on the support plate 13 provides multiple angular traction force application points for selection. Doctors can flexibly adjust the installation position of the rotating pin 15 according to the shape of the defective bone 3, the traction direction requirements, or the intraoperative real-time evaluation results, so as to accurately control the vector direction of the traction force and avoid the deviation of the traction direction from the bone growth trajectory caused by a single fixed point; secondly, the rotational connection between the rotating pin 15 and the rotating hole 14 in cooperation with the threaded locking mechanism of the second medical screw 17 not only allows for fine adjustment of the angle during the initial installation of the traction assembly 2 but also forms a stable anchor after finally fixing the entire tractor, ensuring that the force transmission during traction does not fail due to soft tissue movement or external interference.

[0031] Further, one end of the traction wire 210 is provided with a locking hook, and a spring is fixedly connected to the end of the traction wire 210 relative to the locking hook. One end of the spring is fixedly connected to a fixing ring, and the fixing ring is sleeved on the outer surface of the second medical screw 17. The groove 24 is used to pass the traction wire 210, the locking hook of the traction wire 210 is hooked on the outer surface of the pin rod 29, and the spring of the traction wire 210 is accommodated inside the rectangular groove 25.

[0032] Further, one end of the second convex column 28 relative to the second titanium plate 27 is integrally connected with a pin rod 29. One end of the pin rod 29 relative to the second convex column 28 is integrally connected with a limiting circular plate, and the outer surface of the pin rod 29 is in sliding contact with the slot 212.

[0033] The purpose of fixing the traction wire 210 is achieved by embedding the fixing ring of the traction wire 210 into the circular groove 23, and the part between the spring and the fixing ring in the traction wire 210 is embedded into the through groove 24, and a No. 2 medical screw 17 is used to pass through the circular ring of the traction wire 210, and the other end of the traction wire 210 is a locking hook, which is hooked on the outer surface of the pin rod 29. On the one hand, dynamic buffering is provided through the elastic deformation of the spring of the traction wire 210 to reduce the instantaneous impact on the bone surface caused by the sudden change of the traction force, and on the other hand, the traction wire 210 is allowed to maintain the continuity of the traction tension when it is stressed. The locking hook is hooked on the outer surface of the pin 29, and the traction force is efficiently transmitted to the healthy jawbone anchored by the No. 2 titanium plate 27 through a rigid connection, forming a mechanical link of "defect area-traction wire-healthy bone"; the limiting disc is integrated at the end of the pin 29, and its function is to prevent the locking hook of the traction wire 210 from slipping; the slot 212 serves as a guide track for the pin 29, and constrains the moving direction of the pin 29 through an arc path, ensuring that the traction force acts strictly along the anatomical arc of the jaw, so that the osteogenesis direction of the bone defect area is highly consistent with the physiological morphology, and finally achieves precise and controllable arc distraction osteogenesis.

[0034] Furthermore, the depth of the steel wire groove 26 is 1-3mm and the width is 2-3mm, which can stably embed the traction wire 210. The traction wire 210 is made of nickel-titanium alloy, and the surface of the traction wire 210 is covered with a biocompatible coating, and the diameter is 0.5-1.0mm. A number of limit blocks 211 are fixedly connected to the arc surface of the arc support plate 21, and a semicircular hole is opened through the outer surface of the limit block 211.

[0035] The wire groove 26 is used to accommodate the traction wire 210, and utilizes the mechanical constraint of the groove to stably embed the traction wire 210 to prevent it from being laterally offset or dislodged due to traction or soft tissue movement; the traction wire 210 made of nickel-titanium alloy can maintain flexibility and fatigue resistance in complex arc paths due to its superelasticity and shape memory properties, and the surface biocompatible coating further reduces the friction and inflammation risks with surrounding tissues, ensuring the safety of long-term implantation; the limit block 211 arranged on the arc support plate 21 provides path guidance and multi-point limiting functions for the traction wire 210 through the semicircular holes passing through, thereby limiting the free swinging range of the traction wire 210 on the arc surface, ensuring that the traction force is evenly transmitted along the preset anatomical arc, and avoiding local tension imbalance.

[0036] In use, first, two No. 1 titanium plates 11 are fixed on both sides of the defective bone 3 through titanium screws, and are bent to fit the bone surface, with the first convex column 12 penetrating through the muscle layer and exposed; then the support plate 13 is connected to the first convex column 12 through the first medical screw 16, and three rotating holes 14 are selected to insert the rotating pins 15; then the second titanium plate 27 is installed on the healthy jaw bone body 4, and the second convex column 28 penetrates through the soft tissue and connects to the pin rod 29; then the knob 22 of the arc-shaped support plate 21 is connected to the rotating pin 15 through the second medical screw 17, and the angle of the arc-shaped support plate 21 is adjusted so that its radian matches the jaw anatomical structure; then the hook of the traction wire 210 is hooked to the pin rod 29, and the other end is sleeved into the second medical screw 17 through the fixing ring, the spring is embedded in the rectangular groove 25, and the main body of the traction wire 210 is embedded in the wire embedding groove 26; the direction of the traction wire 210 is guided through the semi-circular hole of the limit stop 211, and the movement path of the pin rod 29 is restricted by the slot 212; continuous traction force is provided through the elastic deformation of the nitinol traction wire 210, and the traction process is monitored regularly until the bone defect is repaired.

[0037] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An arc-shaped traction device for repairing maxillofacial bone defects, characterized in that: include, A defect bone fixation assembly (1), comprising two No. 1 titanium plates (11), the outer surface of the No. 1 titanium plate (11) being integrally connected with a boss (12) with a screw hole provided therein, one end of the boss (12) being connected to a support plate (13) via a No. 1 medical screw (16), the outer surface of the support plate (13) being provided with a plurality of rotating holes (14) at equal intervals, wherein three of the rotating holes (14) are rotatably connected with rotating pins (15), and the internal threads of the rotating pins (15) are connected with No. 2 medical screws (17); A traction assembly (2), wherein the traction assembly (2) is provided with three groups, including an arc-shaped support plate (21) and a second titanium plate (27), one end of the arc-shaped support plate (21) is fixedly connected to a knob (22), a circular groove (23) is provided through the center of the end surface of the knob (22), and a through groove (24) is provided on the end surface of the knob (22), a rectangular groove (25) is provided through the arc surface of the arc-shaped support plate (21), and the arc A steel wire groove (26) is provided on the arc surface of the arc support plate (21); a second protrusion (28) is integrally connected to the outer surface of the second titanium plate (27); one end of the second protrusion (28) is fixedly connected to a pin rod (29); a traction wire (210) is hooked on the outer surface of the pin rod (29); a limit stopper (211) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the arc support plate (21); and a slot (212) is provided at one end of the arc support plate (21).

2. The arc-shaped traction device for repairing maxillofacial bone defects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the support plate (13) is provided with through holes near both ends, and the through holes are used to insert No. 1 medical screws (16). The No. 1 titanium plate (11) is connected to the outer surface of the defective bone (3) through the titanium screws, and the protruding column (12) protrudes from the muscle layer covering the defective bone (3) relative to one end of the No. 1 titanium plate (11).

3. The arc-shaped traction device for repairing maxillofacial bone defects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The No. 2 titanium plate (27) is installed on the outer surface of the intact mandibular body (4) by titanium screws, and the second boss (28) protrudes from the muscle layer covered by the mandibular body (4) relative to one end of the No. 2 titanium plate (27). The curvature of the arc-shaped support plate (21) is adapted to the arc-shaped anatomical structure of the mandibular body (4), and the adaptation error does not exceed ±5 degrees.

4. The arc-shaped traction device for repairing maxillofacial bone defects according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the rotating pin (15) passes through the rotating hole (14), the No. 2 medical screw (17) passes through the circular groove (23) and is threadedly connected to the rotating pin (15), and the end of the through groove (24) is connected to the circular groove (23).

5. The arc-shaped traction device for repairing maxillofacial bone defects according to claim 1, characterized in that: A locking hook is provided at one end of the traction wire (210), and a spring is fixedly connected to one end of the traction wire (210) relative to the locking hook, and a fixing ring is fixedly connected to one end of the spring, and the fixing ring is sleeved on the outer surface of the No. 2 medical screw (17). The passing groove (24) is used to pass the traction wire (210), the locking hook of the traction wire (210) is hooked on the outer surface of the pin rod (29), and the spring of the traction wire (210) is accommodated in the inside of the rectangular groove (25).

6. The arc-shaped traction device for repairing maxillofacial bone defects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second boss (28) is integrally connected to one end of the second titanium plate (27) with a pin rod (29), and the pin rod (29) is integrally connected to one end of the second boss (28) with a limiting disc, and the outer surface of the pin rod (29) is in sliding contact with the slot (212).

7. The arc-shaped traction device for repairing maxillofacial bone defects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steel wire embedding groove (26) has a depth of 1-3 mm and a width of 2-3 mm, and can stably embed the traction wire (210). The traction wire (210) is made of nickel-titanium alloy, and the surface of the traction wire (210) is covered with a biocompatible coating, and has a diameter of 0.5-1.0 mm. A plurality of limit blocks (211) are fixedly connected to the arc surface of the arc support plate (21), and a semicircular hole is penetrated through the outer surface of the limit block (211).

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