Bottom frame traction, bolster and buffer structure, bottom frame and bottom frame manufacturing method

Abstract

The invention relates to railway vehicles, in particular to an underframe traction, bolster and buffer structure, an underframe and an underframe manufacturing method. The chassis traction, bolster and buffer structure comprises a traction beam, a bolster beam, a buffer beam and a car coupler mounting seat, a first material removing notch (311b) and a second material removing notch (313b) are formed in the two ends of the bolster beam (31) respectively, the second material removing notch is formed in the outer side, a section of base plate (3131) is arranged in the middle of the two sides of the first material removing notch, and a section of base plate (3131) is arranged in the middle of the second material removing notch. The sleeper beam is provided with a sleeper beam cover plate (6) matched with the first material removing notch and the second material removing notch, after the bottom frame is assembled, the sleeper beam cover plate is arranged in the first material removing notch and the second material removing notch and located on the base plate, and the upper surface of the sleeper beam cover plate is flush with the upper surface of the sleeper beam. The chassis is small in welding deformation, high in strength and good in light weight effect, a high-precision interface needed by bogie installation can be provided, and the quality stability, safety and reliability of a vehicle body are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a railway vehicle, and more particularly to a bolster draft gear structure of a car body underframe, an underframe and a manufacturing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The underframe is a key load-bearing component of a railway vehicle, which is usually an integral structure composed of a bolster draft gear structure, an underframe floor and side beams. The bolster draft gear structure mainly consists of components such as a bolster, a coupler mounting seat, a draft beam, a buffer beam and a cover plate, and is used to install key moving and force-transmitting devices such as couplers and bogies. Its structural reliability directly affects the stress performance of the vehicle. However, with the increasing requirements for vehicle lightweighting, as a component with a relatively large weight, the weight reduction requirements for the bolster draft gear structure are also increasing. How to solve the contradiction between structural strength and lightweighting has become a difficult problem in the industry.

[0003] Two draft beams are arranged in parallel between the coupler mounting seat and the bolster, and are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the longitudinal center line of the car body. Since a huge longitudinal force will be brought by the coupler during the operation of the vehicle, the draft beams connecting the coupler mounting seat and the bolster need to be provided with sufficient strength and stiffness to meet the use requirements. At the same time, since the cables and pipelines need to communicate left and right at the draft beam part, the vertical plates of the draft beam usually need to be perforated to provide space, but the perforation is very unfavorable to the local strength of the draft beam. Therefore, the traditional draft beam adopts a multi-layer vertical plate structure, and usually the two side draft beams are connected by a draft beam cover plate to provide sufficient strength for support, such as the patent solutions of CN2017111201667, CN2020222608142, CN2014101158281, etc. However, this structure is complex, heavy, and has many welds, resulting in very difficult control of welding deformation, and too many welds will cause the parallelism of the left and right vertical plates of the draft beam to deteriorate, which is not conducive to the balanced stress on both sides and has a greater impact on the fatigue life of the car body.

[0004] The bolster is located behind the drawbeam, with both ends connected to the side sills of the underframe and both sides connected to the floor. The bolster is the connection part between the car body and the bogie. The air spring fixing part needs to bear the weight of the entire vehicle body and passengers, and the middle part also needs to resist the impact bending moment of the longitudinal force of the bogie traction seat. At present, the bolster structure is welded by splicing 3 profiles. The splicing welds are located on the upper and lower surfaces of the bolster, and generally no welds are arranged inside. The weld between the bolster and the floor is only connected by the welds on both sides of the bolster, and there is no weld connection between the middle profile of the bolster and the floor. Since a large number of cables and brake pipelines need to be connected through the bolster part, a number of large-capacity pipe penetrations with a width of 100 - 300 mm are usually arranged in the abdomen of the bolster, running longitudinally through the bolster, and the internal rib plates of the middle profile of the bolster need to be milled off, resulting in a significant reduction in the local stiffness of this part. At this time, only the welds on the upper and lower surfaces of the bolster provide strength, which has a very adverse impact on the fatigue life of the bolster welds. At the same time, the deformation caused by the production of a large number of welds makes the surface of the bolster uneven. After the bolster end is welded to the side sill of the underframe, the bolster cover plate needs to be embedded into the bolster notch and fixed by spot welding first, and then full welding is carried out. At this time, the cover plate is in a floating state, and the positioning is difficult, which exacerbates the welding deformation.

[0005] The coupler mounting seat is located at the front end of the drawbar-bolster-damper structure and is used to mount the coupler. In order to provide a good flat state, the coupler mounting seat is usually machined integrally after the welding of the coupler mounting seat profiles is completed. However, there will still be a certain deformation during the welding of the coupler mounting seat and the drawbeam. The coupler force transmission is very sensitive to this deformation, which will cause uneven forces on both sides of the drawbeam and bring greater risks. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an underframe drawbar-bolster-damper structure, an underframe and an underframe manufacturing method that can reduce welding deformation and provide a high-precision interface required for bogie installation, aiming at the deficiency that it is difficult to position and the welding deformation is exacerbated when the bolster cover plate is welded and fixed in a floating state in the prior art.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] An underframe drawbar-bolster-damper structure includes a drawbeam, a bolster, a buffer beam and a coupler mounting seat. There are two drawbeams arranged in parallel. One end of the two drawbeams is connected to the bolster, and the other end is connected to the coupler mounting seat. The front end of the coupler mounting seat is connected to the buffer beam. The bolster is arranged perpendicular to the drawbeam, and the coupler mounting seat is arranged parallel to the bolster. Its structural features are as follows:

[0009] At both ends of the bolster, a material-removing notch one and a material-removing notch two are respectively machined. The material-removing notch two is arranged on the outside to ensure the welding space for the weld seam between the internal cavity of the bolster and the adjacent components. And a section of backing plate is arranged in the middle on both sides of the material-removing notch one. The bolster is equipped with a bolster cover plate that matches the material-removing notch one and the material-removing notch two. After the underframe is assembled, the bolster cover plate is placed in the material-removing notch one and the material-removing notch two and located on the backing plate. The upper surface of the bolster cover plate is flush with the upper surface of the bolster.

[0010] In the present invention, by machining a material-removing notch one and a material-removing notch two at both ends of the bolster, and configuring a bolster cover plate that matches the material-removing notch one and the material-removing notch two and a backing plate for supporting the bolster cover plate, when connecting the bolster and the side beam of the underframe, not only can welding be performed between the upper and lower surfaces of the bolster and the side beam of the underframe, but also welding can be performed on the inner surface connection between the bolster and the side beam of the underframe through the material-removing notch one and the material-removing notch two. Furthermore, the connection strength between the bolster and the side beam of the underframe is greatly improved, and the connection welds on the outer surface between the bolster and the side beam of the underframe can be correspondingly reduced, greatly reducing welding deformation. In particular, in the present invention, the bolster cover plate is supported by the backing plate, so that the bolster cover plate can be directly positioned through the backing plate, and during the welding process of the bolster cover plate, the relative position between each part of the bolster cover plate and the bolster is kept stable, thereby avoiding deformation during the welding process of the bolster cover plate and providing a high-precision interface required for the installation of the bogie.

[0011] Preferably, the coupler mounting seat is formed by butt-welding two coupler mounting seat profiles side by side. The coupler mounting seat profile is provided with a coupler fitting surface and a profile docking joint, and the profile plate thickness at the profile docking joint part is △h less than the profile plate thickness at the coupler fitting surface part.

[0012] Preferably, two webs for connecting the coupler are provided at the front end of the coupler mounting seat. The two webs are connected by a connecting thin plate. The webs protrude forward from the connecting thin plate by △h. And buffer beam connecting arms are provided in front of both sides of the coupler mounting seat, and a draft gear connecting arm with a triangular cavity structure is provided at the rear.

[0013] Preferably, bosses are respectively machined at the upper and lower ends of the coupler mounting seat. Grooves and lapping surfaces are respectively machined at the upper and lower ends of the webs outside the bosses. The upper cover plate of the draft gear and the lower cover plate of the draft gear cover the upper and lower surfaces of the draft gear and the coupler mounting seat respectively. Cover plate notches are respectively machined on the upper cover plate of the draft gear and the lower cover plate of the draft gear. The bosses are embedded in the cover plate cylinder openings, and the coupler mounting seat is respectively welded and connected to the upper cover plate of the draft gear and the lower cover plate of the draft gear.

[0014] Preferably, the two traction beams adopt a single vertical plate structure, and the two traction beams are connected by a number of connecting pipes II. Through holes III are provided on the two traction beams, and the two ends of the connecting pipe II are respectively communicated with the through holes III on the two traction beams. In the present invention, the traction beam adopts a single vertical plate structure, which greatly reduces the weld seams on the traction beam while maintaining good lightweight effect of the vehicle body. At the same time, the strength and stiffness of the traction beam are increased by welding connecting pipes between the two traction beams, thus solving the problem of poor flatness and symmetry of the two traction beams caused by large welding deformation of the traction beam.

[0015] Preferably, the through holes III on the two traction beams are arranged oppositely, and the two ends of the connecting pipe II are respectively welded and connected to the oppositely arranged through holes III on the two traction beams.

[0016] Preferably, the bolster includes an intermediate beam, a connecting pipe I and side beams. The side beams are arranged on both sides of the intermediate beam, and a number of connecting pipes I penetrate through the side beams and the intermediate beam and are respectively welded to the intermediate beam and the side beams as a whole. Alternatively, the bolster is an integrally extruded integral bolster structure.

[0017] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a underframe, which includes underframe side beams, a bolster buffer structure and end beams. The underframe side beams are located on both sides of the underframe, the end beams are located at both ends of the underframe, and two bolster buffer structures are located between the two underframe side beams and are connected to the end beams. Its structural feature lies in that: the bolster buffer structure is the underframe bolster buffer structure described above. A long floor is laid between the two bolster buffer structures, and both sides of the long floor are connected to the underframe side beams. An end wall short floor is laid on one bolster buffer structure, and a driver's cab short floor is laid on the other bolster buffer structure.

[0018] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a manufacturing method of the underframe, which includes:

[0019] 1) Process a joint with a pad structure at the end part of the coupler mounting seat connected to the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate of the traction beam;

[0020] 2) Process a material-removing notch with a pad structure at the end of the bolster;

[0021] 3) Assemble and weld the coupler mounting seat, the upper cover plate of the traction beam and the lower cover plate of the traction beam to form a coupler mounting mechanism;

[0022] 4) Assemble and weld the coupler mounting mechanism, the two traction beams and the bolster into an integrated bolster structure;

[0023] 5) After welding and connecting the connecting pipe II with the two traction beams, enter the overall machining station. Machine a coupler mounting surface on the abdomen of the coupler mounting seat, machine a bogie mounting surface on the lower surface of the bolster, and machine a through hole III at the connection of the connecting pipe II of the traction beam.

[0024] 6) Weld two buffer beams to the bolster structure to form an integrated bolster-buffer structure;

[0025] 7) Weld and connect the bolster-buffer structure to the side beam of the underframe. The perimeters of the long floor, the short floors of the end walls, and the short floor of the driver's cab are respectively welded and connected to the bolster-buffer structure and the side beam of the underframe. The inner side of the pillow beam is welded to the side beam of the underframe, and the pillow beam cover plate is welded to the pillow beam and the side beam of the underframe, thus completing the welding of the underframe.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0027] 1) The traction beam of the present invention adopts a single vertical plate structure. On the premise of maintaining good lightweight effect of the car body, the welds on the traction beam are greatly reduced. At the same time, by welding a connecting pipe between the two traction beams, the strength and stiffness of the traction beam are increased, thereby solving the problems of poor flatness and symmetry of the two traction beams caused by large welding deformation of the traction beam, and improving the quality stability and safety reliability of the car body.

[0028] 2) The present invention simplifies the welding joint by machining joints with pad structures at the end parts of the coupler mounting seat connected to the traction beam cover plate and at the end parts of the side beam of the pillow beam connected to the pillow beam cover plate, improves the weldability, reduces the welding deformation, improves the weld quality, and thus provides a high-precision interface required for the installation of the coupler and the bogie. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0030] Figure 1 : Schematic diagram of the bottom view structure of the underframe of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 : Figure 1 A-A cross-sectional view of

[0032] Figure 3 : Structure diagram of the bolster-buffer.

[0033] Figure 4 : Figure 2 B-B cross-sectional view of

[0034] Figure 5 : Implementation state diagram of the first welding station of the pillow beam.

[0035] Figure 6 : Implementation status diagram of the second welding station for bolster

[0036] Figure 7 : Machining status diagram of bolster end

[0037] Figure 8 : Figure 7 C-C sectional view of

[0038] Figure 9 : Structure diagram of coupler mounting seat cover plate

[0039] Figure 10 : Sectional view of coupler mounting seat profile

[0040] Figure 11 : Structure diagram of coupler mounting seat

[0041] Figure 12 : Welding diagram of coupler mounting mechanism

[0042] Figure 13 : Figure 12 D-D sectional view of (web end part)

[0043] Figure 14 : Figure 12 E-E sectional view of (connection thin plate end part)

[0044] Figure 15 : Welding diagram of bolster and pillow structure

[0045] Figure 16 : Welding diagram of bolster, pillow and buffer structure

[0046] Figure 17 : Implementation status diagram of the first welding station for car body underframe

[0047] Figure 18 : Implementation status diagram of the second welding station for car body underframe

[0048] Figure 19 : Structure diagram of integral bolster

[0049] Figure 20 : Machining drawing of integral bolster end

[0050] Figure 21 : Figure 20 F-F sectional view of

[0051] Figure 22 : Welding diagram of integral bolster end and cover plate

[0052] In the figure: underframe (100), side beam of underframe (1), long floor (2), drawbar, bolster and buffer structure (3), coupler mounting surface (3a), bogie mounting surface (3b), coupler mounting mechanism (3-A), bolster (31), intermediate beam (311), wire passing hole 1 (311a), material removal notch 1 (311b), connecting pipe 1 (312), side beam (313), wire passing hole 2 (313a), material removal notch 2 (313b), self - contained backing plate (3131), machining hole of mounting plate (31b), drawbar (32), wire passing hole 3 (32a), coupler mounting seat (33), coupler mating surface (33a), profile docking joint (33b), boss (331), web (332), groove (332a), lapping surface (332b), connecting thin plate (333), buffer beam connecting arm (334), drawbar connecting arm (335), connecting pipe 2 (34), upper cover plate of drawbar (35), lower cover plate of drawbar (36), cover plate notch (36a), buffer beam (37), backing plate (38), short floor of end wall (4), short floor of driver's cab (5), bolster cover plate (6), end beam (7), weld (weld). Detailed implementation manners

[0053] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.

[0054] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0055] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installation", "connection", "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0056] Please refer to Figure 1 , an embodiment of the underframe structure of the present invention is as follows Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown in the figure: The underframe 100 includes underframe side beams 1, long floors 2, drawbar and buffer structures 3, end wall short floors 4, cab short floors 5, bolster cover plates 6, and end beams 7. The underframe side beams 1 are located on both sides of the underframe 100, the end beams 7 are located at both ends of the underframe 100, and the drawbar and buffer structures 3 are located between the two underframe side beams 1 and are connected to the end beams 7; the long floors 2 are located between the two drawbar and buffer structures 3 and are connected to the underframe side beams 1 on both sides; the end wall short floors 4 and cab short floors 5 are located above the drawbar and buffer structures 3; the bolster cover plates 6 are located on the upper surface or lower surface of the drawbar and buffer structures 3.

[0057] The drawbar and buffer structure is as Figure 3 , Figure 4 shown. The drawbar and buffer structure 3 is composed of a bolster 31, a drawbar 32, a coupler mounting seat 33, a second connecting pipe 34, an upper cover plate of the drawbar 35, a lower cover plate of the drawbar 36, and a buffer beam 37. The bolster 31 is arranged perpendicular to the drawbar 32 and parallel to the coupler mounting seat 33, and the bolster 31 and the coupler mounting seat 33 are respectively located at both ends of the two parallel drawbars 32. The buffer beam 37 is located at the front end of the coupler mounting seat 33 and is used to connect to the end beam 7 and transmit force.

[0058] The bolster 31 is composed of an intermediate beam 311, a first connecting pipe 312, and side beams 313. The two side beams 313 are located on both sides of the intermediate beam 311, and a number of first connecting pipes 312 run through the side beams 313 and the intermediate beam 311 for cables or pipelines to pass through the bolster 31, and at the same time, the intermediate beam 311 and the side beams 313 are welded together.

[0059] Both ends of the two drawbars 32 are respectively connected to the coupler mounting seat 33 and the bolster 31, and a number of second connecting pipes 34 are provided to connect the two drawbars 32 together.

[0060] The process of assembling and welding the bolster is shown in Figure 5 , Figure 6 shown. A number of wire passing holes 311a are pre-processed in the abdomen of the intermediate beam 311, then the first connecting pipe 312 is embedded in the wire passing holes 311a, and the intermediate beam 311 and the first connecting pipe 312 are welded and fixed around the wire passing holes 311a. Then, the side beams 313 with a number of wire passing holes 313a pre-processed in the abdomen are placed on both sides of the intermediate beam 311, and the first connecting pipe 312 is passed through the wire passing holes 313a, and then the side beams 313 and the first connecting pipe 312 are welded together around the wire passing holes 313a, thereby connecting the intermediate beam 311, the first connecting pipe 312, and the side beams 313 into an integral structure, so that it has good overall load-bearing performance when bearing the huge impact force or impact bending moment brought by the bogie.

[0061] The post-processing process after assembling and welding the bolster is shown in Figure 7 , Figure 8 shown. As Figure 7As shown, at both ends of the middle beam 311, a material removal notch 311b is processed. On both sides of the material removal notch 311b, self - carrying pads 3131 for supporting the bolster cover plate 6 are left; as Figure 7 、 Figure 8 shown, at the inner end of the side beam 313, in the part with a length of 50 mm - 100 mm, the self - carrying pad 3131 is processed away to form a material removal notch 313b. After the inner side weld of the bolster 31 and the underframe side beam 1 is welded through the material removal notch 311b and the material removal notch 313b, the bolster cover plate 6 is placed above the self - carrying pad 3131 of the bolster 31, and the welds of the bolster cover plate 6 with the bolster 31 and the underframe side beam 1 are welded. Since a section of the self - carrying pad 3131 is retained, the problem that the bolster cover plate 6 cannot be accurately positioned after being placed in the material removal notch 311b can be avoided.

[0062] The welding assembly of the coupler mounting mechanism is as Figures 9 - 14 shown. The coupler mounting mechanism 3 - A is welded by a coupler mounting seat 33, an upper cover plate 35 of the draft gear, and a lower cover plate 36 of the draft gear. Both the lower cover plate 36 of the draft gear and the upper cover plate 35 of the draft gear are of H - shaped structures. A cover plate notch 36a is processed in the middle of the lower cover plate 36 of the draft gear, and a similar structure is also processed on the upper cover plate 35 of the draft gear.

[0063] The coupler mounting seat 33 is formed by welding two coupler mounting seat profiles. As Figure 10 shown, the coupler mounting seat profile is provided with a coupler contact surface 33a and a profile docking joint 33b, and the inner surfaces of the coupler contact surface 33a and the profile docking joint 33b are arranged flush. The thickness of the rib plate at the coupler contact surface 33a is relatively large to provide sufficient support strength. The thickness of the profile plate at the profile docking joint 33b is less than that at the coupler contact surface 33a by △h to reduce the welding amount in the non - high - stress area, which is beneficial to controlling welding deformation.

[0064] After the coupler mounting seat 33 is processed and formed, as Figure 11 shown, at the front end of the coupler mounting seat 33, there are two webs 332. The two webs 332 are connected by a connecting thin plate 333. At the front of both sides of the coupler mounting seat 33, there are buffer beam connecting arms 334, and at the rear, there are draft gear connecting arms 335 with a triangular cavity structure. The inner surfaces of the webs 332 and the connecting thin plate 333 are arranged flush. The outer surface of the web 332 protrudes outward by △h compared with the outer surface of the connecting thin plate 333. The advantage of such a design is that it not only provides sufficient strength for the web 332 in contact with the coupler but also reduces the welding filler wire amount in the non - main load - bearing area in the middle, significantly reducing the welding deformation amount. At the upper and lower ends of the coupler mounting seat 33, bosses 331 are processed, and grooves 332a and overlapping surfaces 332b are processed on the outer surfaces of the upper and lower ends of the web 332 outside the bosses 331.

[0065] AsFigure 12 - Figure 14 As shown, the connection between the coupler mounting seat 33 and the lower cover plate 36 of the traction beam is connected by penetration welding, that is, the boss 331 of the coupler mounting seat 33 is embedded in the cover plate notch 36a in the middle of the lower cover plate 36 of the traction beam. At the end of the connecting thin plate 333, the outer and inner welds of the coupler mounting seat 33 and the lower cover plate 36 of the traction beam are both welded through on both sides. At the end of the web 332, the outer welds of the coupler mounting seat 33 and the lower cover plate 36 of the traction beam are welded through on both sides, and the inner welds of the coupler mounting seat 33 and the lower cover plate 36 of the traction beam are welded through on both sides with a pad 38. Among them, the outer weld joint: the groove 332a and the overlap surface 332b of the web 332 constitute a structure similar to a pad. The setting of the groove 332a is conducive to the weld penetration and ensures the back forming quality of the weld. In addition, an additional advantage is that the entire circle of the weld section and depth on the outside of the coupler mounting seat 33 and the traction beam lower cover plate 36 are consistent, avoiding frequent switching operations and adjustments of welding parameters during the welding process due to inconsistent weld types, and the quality of the weld is more stable and the welding efficiency is higher.

[0066] The connection method between the coupler mounting seat 33 and the traction beam upper cover plate 35 is similar to the connection method between the coupler mounting seat 33 and the traction beam lower cover plate 36 .

[0067] Welding of traction pillow structure Figure 15 As shown in the figure, the coupler mounting mechanism 3-A, the bolster 31 and the traction beam 32 are first welded together. Then the coupler mounting surface 3a, the bogie mounting surface 3b and the wire passing hole 32a are integrally machined. In this state, since there is no shielding of the buffer beam 37, the milling cutter equipment has enough space to process the coupler mounting surface 3a, and the bogie mounting surface 3b and the wire passing hole 32a are drilled and milled at the same processing station.

[0068] Welding of the traction pillow structure Figure 16 As shown. After the assembly welding of the traction and pillow structure is completed, the connecting pipe 2 34 is welded to the traction beam 32, and the buffer beam 37 is welded to the coupler installation mechanism 3-A. The connecting pipe 2 34 is embedded in the traction beams 32 on the left and right sides for welding. When the coupler installation mechanism 3-A is subjected to huge longitudinal tensile or compressive loads, the connecting pipe 2 34 can provide support or tensioning force, which is conducive to maintaining the distance between the traction beams 32 on both sides unchanged, so that the traction beams 32 are evenly stressed, avoiding structural instability, resulting in excessive load on one side, causing permanent deformation of the structure or even cracking and failure. The buffer beam 37 is butt-welded to the buffer beam connecting arm 334, the traction beam upper cover plate 35, and the traction beam lower cover plate 36 of the coupler installation mechanism 3-A, respectively, to finally form the overall traction and pillow buffer structure.

[0069] The following takes the case where the bolster cover plate 6 is located on the upper surface of the bolster buffer structure 3 as an example to illustrate the underframe assembly welding process:

[0070] As Figure 17 shown, first, the underframe is installed in reverse, that is, the lower surface of the side beam 1 of the underframe faces upward for fixation. The two side beams 1 of the underframe are respectively placed in parallel on both sides, and the two end beams 7 and the two drawbar and buffer structures 3 are respectively placed at both ends and located between the two side beams 1, and are welded together.

[0071] Then, the underframe is turned over 180° and installed correctly, as Figure 18 shown, that is, the upper surface of the side beam 1 of the underframe faces upward for fixation. The long floor 2 is placed between the two drawbar and buffer structures 3, and the short end wall floor 4 or the short driver's cab floor 5 is respectively placed between the drawbar and buffer structure 3 and the end beam 7, and welding is completed around.

[0072] Finally, using the space provided by the material removal notch 311b on the upper surface of the bolster 31, the weld seam between the inner side of the bolster 31 and the side beam 1 of the underframe is completed. Then, the bolster cover plate 6 is covered and welded to the bolster 31 and the side beam 1 of the underframe to weld the underframe into an integral structure.

[0073] It should be noted that: the main structure of the above-mentioned bolster 31 is formed by welding a middle beam 311 and two side beams 313. With the development of aluminum alloy extrusion technology, the main structure of the bolster 31 can also be integrally extruded at one time, and the integral bolster structure is as Figure 19 shown. In this way, the connection weld seam between the middle beam 311 and the two side beams 313 is cancelled, and the welding deformation can be further reduced.

[0074] The processing of the integral bolster 31 is as Figure 20 , Figure 21 and Figure 22 shown: In order to solve the welding space problem between the inner side of the bolster 31 and the side beam 1 of the underframe, a material removal notch 311b and a material removal notch 313b are processed at both ends of the bolster 31, and a backing plate 3131 is processed on the lower surface of the middle part on both sides of the material removal notch 311b. When welding with the bolster cover plate 6 subsequently, the backing plate 3131 can support the bolster cover plate 6, maintain the precise positioning of the bolster cover plate 6, and prevent the bolster cover plate 6 from sagging, which is beneficial to maintaining the flatness of the bolster 31 and greatly reducing welding adjustment and repair.

[0075] The above is only the specific implementation of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can make many possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention by using the above-disclosed technical content without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, or modify it into an equivalent embodiment with equivalent changes. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A chassis traction and bolster buffer structure, comprising a traction beam (32), a bolster beam (31), a buffer beam (37) and a coupler mounting seat (33), wherein two traction beams (32) are arranged in parallel, one end of the two traction beams is connected to the bolster beam, and the other end is connected to the coupler mounting seat, the front end of the coupler mounting seat (33) is connected to the buffer beam, the bolster beam (31) is arranged perpendicular to the traction beam (32), and the coupler mounting seat (33) is arranged parallel to the bolster beam, characterized in that: The two ends of the bolster (31) are respectively processed with a first material removal notch (311b) and a second material removal notch (313b); the second material removal notch (313b) is arranged on the outside to ensure the welding space between the internal cavity of the bolster (31) and the weld of the adjacent parts, and a pad (3131) is arranged in the middle of both sides of the first material removal notch (311b); the bolster is provided with a bolster cover plate (6) matching the first material removal notch (311b) and the second material removal notch (313b); after the base frame is assembled, the bolster cover plate is placed in the first material removal notch (311b) and the second material removal notch (313b) and is located on the pad, and the upper surface of the bolster cover plate is flush with the upper surface of the bolster.

2. The underframe traction and buffer structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coupler mounting seat (33) is formed by welding two coupler mounting seat profiles in parallel, the coupler mounting seat profile is provided with a coupler fitting surface (33a) and a profile butt joint (33b), and the profile plate thickness at the profile butt joint (33b) is less than the profile plate thickness at the coupler fitting surface (33a) by Δh.

3. The underframe traction and buffer structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front end of the coupler mounting seat (33) is provided with two webs (332) for connecting the coupler, the two webs (332) are connected by a connecting thin plate (333), the webs protrude forward from the connecting thin plate Δh, and buffer beam connecting arms (334) are provided in front of both sides of the coupler mounting seat (33), and a traction beam connecting arm (335) with a triangular cavity structure is provided at the rear.

4. The underframe traction and buffer structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper and lower ends of the coupler mounting seat (33) are respectively processed with bosses (331), and the upper and lower ends of the web (332) outside the boss are respectively processed with grooves (332a) and overlap surfaces (332b). The traction beam and the coupler mounting seat are covered with a traction beam upper cover plate (35) on the top and a traction beam lower cover plate (36) on the bottom. The traction beam upper cover plate and the traction beam lower cover plate are respectively processed with cover plate notches, the boss is embedded in the cover plate cylinder port, and the coupler mounting seat is respectively welded to the traction beam upper cover plate and the traction beam lower cover plate.

5. The underframe traction and buffer structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two traction beams (32) adopt a single vertical plate structure, and the two traction beams (32) are connected via a plurality of connecting pipes (34). The two traction beams are provided with wire holes (32a), and the two ends of the connecting pipes (34) are respectively connected to the wire holes (32a) on the two traction beams.

6. The underframe traction and buffer structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The wire passing holes (32a) on the two traction beams (32) are arranged opposite to each other, and the two ends of the connecting pipe (2) are respectively welded and connected to the wire passing holes (32a) on the two traction beams (32) opposite to each other.

7. The underframe traction and buffer structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bolster (31) comprises a middle beam (311), a connecting pipe (312) and a side beam (313), the side beams (313) being arranged on both sides of the middle beam (311), and a plurality of connecting pipes (312) running across the side beams (313) and the middle beam (311), and being welded to the middle beam (311) and the side beams (313) as a whole.

8. The underframe traction and buffer structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bolster is an integrated bolster structure that is extruded as a whole at one time.

9. A chassis, comprising chassis side beams (1), a traction and buffer structure (3) and an end beam (7), wherein the chassis side beams (1) are located at both sides of the chassis (100), the end beams (7) are located at both ends of the chassis (100), and two traction and buffer structures (3) are located between the two chassis side beams (1) and connected to the end beams (7); characterized in that: The traction and relief structure (3) is the chassis traction and relief structure described in any one of claims 1 to 7, a long floor (2) is laid between two traction and relief structures (3), both sides of the long floor are connected to the chassis side beams (1), an end wall short floor (4) is laid on one traction and relief structure (3), and a driver's cab short floor (5) is laid on the other traction and relief structure (3).

10. A method for manufacturing the chassis according to claim 9, characterized in that include: 1) A joint with a supporting pad structure is machined at the end of the coupler mounting seat connected to the traction beam upper cover plate and the traction beam lower cover plate; 2) A notch with a support structure is machined at the end of the bolster; 3) welding the coupler mounting seat (33), the traction beam upper cover plate (35), and the traction beam lower cover plate (36) together to form a coupler mounting mechanism; 4) Welding the coupler mounting mechanism, two traction beams and the bolster beam into an integrated traction and bolster structure; 5) After the connecting pipe 2 is welded to the two traction beams, enter the overall machining station, process the coupler mounting surface on the belly of the coupler mounting seat, process the bogie mounting surface on the lower surface of the bolster, and process the wire hole 3 at the connection of the connecting pipe 2 of the traction beam; 6) Welding the two buffer beams to the traction and pillow structure to form an integrated traction and pillow buffer structure; 7) The traction and bolster structure is welded to the frame side beam, the long floor (2), the end wall short floor (4) and the driver's cab short floor (5) are respectively welded to the traction and bolster structure and the frame side beam, the inner side of the bolster (31) is welded to the frame side beam (1), and the bolster cover plate (6) is welded to the bolster (31) and the frame side beam (1), thus completing the frame assembly welding.

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