Pillow spring disassembling and assembling clamp

Abstract

The utility model relates to a pillow spring assembling and disassembling clamp which comprises an electromagnetic iron core, a coil winding, a pneumatic tool, an ejector pin, a pen-shaped air cylinder, an adjusting gasket, a supporting seat and an installing seat, the electromagnetic iron core is fixedly arranged on the supporting seat, a combination mode of the electromagnetic iron core and the pen-shaped air cylinder is adopted, and the magnetic pole face of the electromagnetic iron core adopts two sections of cambered surfaces and a plane. The two sections of cambered surfaces are used for magnetically attracting bearing springs and damping springs of different sizes respectively, the plane is used for magnetically attracting a wedge or other parts, and the height is set to be the height of the two rings of springs so that the industrial robot can work in the side frame conveniently; the cylinder mounted behind the electromagnet adopts the design of a single-pen cylinder and a round head ejector pin, so that the problem of clamping of multiple cylinders is avoided, the ejector pin round head structure effectively realizes clamping and releasing of an inner spring and an outer spring, the mechanical failure rate is reduced, and automatic disassembly and assembly operation of different types of bogie pillow springs, wedges and other parts is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of pillow spring and wedge disassembly and assembly, specifically to a pillow spring disassembly and assembly clamp. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the disassembly, assembly, and maintenance of components such as brake beams, elastic side bearings, bolster springs, and wedges on railway freight car bogies mainly rely on manual operation. This results in high labor intensity, low work efficiency, high safety hazards, and severe noise and dust pollution. Since freight car bogies mainly come in four common models (K6, K2, K5, and K4, arranged in descending order of maintenance frequency), their structural composition, spatial dimensions, and number of parts differ significantly. This leads to marked differences in manual disassembly and assembly methods, tools used, work procedures, and operation time, especially the disassembly and assembly of bolster springs and wedges, which are particularly complex.

[0003] In recent years, only a few manufacturers have been engaged in the design and development of automated maintenance robots for railway freight car bogies. Only some railway depots have applied industrial robots and machine vision technology to maintenance operations such as the disassembly and assembly of bogie brake beams, load-bearing saddles, bolster springs, and wedges. Through extensive experimental research on the automated disassembly and assembly of bolster springs and wedges, and by collecting and summarizing the problems existing in the structure, size, and number of parts of the fixtures, an improved bolster spring disassembly and assembly fixture structure is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To better meet the needs of field use, this utility model provides an improved bogie bolster spring disassembly and assembly fixture, which solves the problems of high labor intensity and low work efficiency in the existing bogie bolster spring disassembly and assembly operations.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this utility model is: a pillow spring assembly and disassembly fixture, characterized in that: it includes an electromagnet core, a coil winding, a pneumatic tool, a ejector pin, a pen-shaped cylinder, an adjusting washer, a support base, and a mounting base. The electromagnet core is fixedly mounted on the support base. The pneumatic tool is fixedly mounted on the electromagnet core. The pneumatic tool is fixedly mounted with a pen-shaped cylinder. The pen-shaped cylinder is connected to the ejector pin inside the pneumatic tool. The air pressure of the pen-shaped cylinder is adjusted to control the reciprocating motion of the ejector pin, so that the ejector pin passes through the outer pillow spring and then presses against the inner pillow spring. The electromagnet core is provided with a coil winding, which can attract and hold the outer pillow spring. A machine vision camera for collecting the size and position information of the pillow spring and the wedge is fixedly mounted on the mounting base.

[0006] The electromagnet core has a U-shaped structure, including two magnetic pole posts. Coil windings are installed on both magnetic pole posts. The magnetic pole faces of the two magnetic pole posts are arranged symmetrically. Each magnetic pole face includes two arc-shaped sections on the inner side and a flat section on the outer side.

[0007] The electromagnet core has a waist-shaped hole and multiple threaded mounting holes for installing pneumatic fixtures. The ejector pin has a round head and is installed inside the pneumatic fixture. The rear end of the pneumatic fixture is connected to a pen-shaped cylinder. By adjusting the air pressure of the pen-shaped cylinder, the reciprocating motion of the ejector pin is controlled, so that it passes through the outer pillow spring and presses against the inner pillow spring.

[0008] Preferably, the electromagnet core is provided with a threaded mounting hole for connection with the support base.

[0009] Preferably, an adjusting washer is provided between the electromagnet core and the support base.

[0010] Preferably, the mounting base is connected to the joint end of the industrial robot.

[0011] Preferably, the machine vision camera is positioned directly above the support base to avoid obstruction and facilitate information collection.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: The disassembly and assembly fixture adopts a combination of an electromagnet core and a pen-shaped cylinder. The magnetic pole surface of the electromagnet core consists of two arc surfaces and a flat surface. The two arc surfaces are used to magnetically attract load-bearing springs and damping springs of different sizes, respectively, while the flat surface is used to magnetically attract wedges or other components. The height is set to the height of two coils of springs to facilitate the operation of the industrial robot inside the side frame. The coil winding uses enameled flat copper wire, which makes the winding structure more compact. The cylinder installed behind the electromagnet adopts a single pen-shaped cylinder and a round-headed ejector pin design to avoid the problem of multiple cylinders getting stuck. The round-headed ejector pin structure effectively realizes the engagement and release of the inner and outer springs, reducing the mechanical failure rate. It is very convenient for the automatic disassembly and assembly of bogie bolster springs and wedges of different models, as well as other components. The structure is simple and easy to install and maintain. The machine vision camera is installed directly above the disassembly and assembly fixture, making the entire structure installed at the end of the industrial robot more compact. At the same time, it can collect the structural dimensions and position information of the parts at any time during the operation of the industrial robot, which is convenient for positioning and control of the industrial robot. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model; Figure 2 for Figure 1 The main view; Figure 3 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of the electromagnet core; where: 1101-electromagnet core; 1102-coil winding; 1103-pneumatic tooling; 1104-ejector pin; 1105-pen-shaped cylinder; 1106-adjusting washer; 1107-support base; 1108-mounting base; 1200-machine vision camera. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0015] like Figure 1-3 As shown, this utility model discloses a pillow spring assembly / disassembly fixture, comprising an electromagnet core 1101, a coil winding 1102, a pneumatic tooling 1103, a ejector pin 1104, a pen-shaped cylinder 1105, an adjusting washer 1106, a support base 1107, and a mounting base 1108. The electromagnet core 1101 is fixedly mounted on the support base 1107. The pneumatic tooling 1103 is fixedly mounted on the electromagnet core 1101, and the pen-shaped cylinder 1105 is fixedly mounted on the pneumatic tooling 1103. The pen-shaped cylinder 1105 and the pneumatic tooling 1103 are connected. The inner ejector pin 1104 is connected; the air pressure of the pen-shaped cylinder 1105 is adjusted to control the reciprocating motion of the ejector pin 1104, so that the ejector pin 1104 passes through the outer pillow spring and then presses against the inner pillow spring; the electromagnet core 1101 is provided with a coil winding, which can attract the outer pillow spring through the magnetic pole surface; the support base 1107 is fixedly set on the mounting base 1108, and the mounting base 1108 is fixedly equipped with a machine vision camera 1200 for collecting the size and position information of the pillow spring and the wedge, providing reference coordinate information for the disassembly and assembly of the fixture.

[0016] In this embodiment, the electromagnet core 1101 has a U-shaped structure, including two magnetic pole posts. Coil windings 1102 are installed on both magnetic pole posts. The magnetic pole faces of the two magnetic pole posts are symmetrically arranged. Each magnetic pole face includes two arc surfaces on the inner side and a flat surface on the outer side. The inner arc surfaces on the two magnetic pole posts cooperate with each other to magnetically attract load-bearing springs and damping springs of different sizes. The outer flat surfaces on the two magnetic pole posts cooperate with each other to magnetically attract wedges or other components. The height is set to the height of two coils of springs to facilitate the operation of industrial robots inside the side frame.

[0017] In this embodiment, the electromagnet core 1101 has an oblong hole and multiple threaded mounting holes for installing pneumatic fixtures. The ejector pin 1104 has a round head and is installed inside the pneumatic fixture 1103. The rear end of the pneumatic fixture 1103 is connected to a pen-shaped cylinder 1105. By adjusting the air pressure of the pen-shaped cylinder 1105, the reciprocating motion of the ejector pin 1103 is controlled, causing it to pass through the outer spring and press against the inner spring. The use of a single pen-shaped cylinder 1105 and ejector pin 1104 behind the electromagnet core 1101 avoids the problem of multiple cylinders getting stuck. The round head structure of the ejector pin 1104 effectively realizes the engagement and release of the inner and outer springs, reducing the mechanical failure rate.

[0018] In this embodiment, the upper and lower end faces of the electromagnet core 1101 are respectively provided with two threaded mounting holes for connecting the clamp support 1107. An adjusting washer 1106 is provided in each of the threaded mounting holes on the upper and lower end faces of the electromagnet core 1101 to adjust the gap between the electromagnet core 1101 and the clamp support 1107. The rear end of the pneumatic tooling 1103 is provided with a threaded mounting hole for directly connecting the pen-shaped cylinder 1105. By adjusting the air pressure of the pen-shaped cylinder 1105, the reciprocating motion of the ejector pin 1104 is controlled, so that it passes through the waist-shaped hole of the electromagnet core 1101 and presses against the inner pillow spring. The end of the support 1107 is connected to the mounting base 1108 and is connected to the joint end of the industrial robot. The machine vision camera 1200 is set directly above the support 1107 to avoid obstruction and facilitate information collection.

[0019] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles and main structural features of this utility model. This utility model is not limited to the above examples; various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed utility model. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A pillow spring assembly / disassembly clamp, characterized in that... The system includes an electromagnet core (1101), a coil winding (1102), a pneumatic tooling (1103), a ejector pin (1104), a pen-shaped cylinder (1105), a support base (1107), and a mounting base (1108). The electromagnet core (1101) is fixedly mounted on the support base (1107), and the electromagnet core (1101) has a slotted hole and multiple threaded mounting holes for mounting the pneumatic tooling (1103). (1103) The rear end is connected to the pen-shaped cylinder (1105). The reciprocating motion of the pin (1104) is controlled by adjusting the air pressure of the pen-shaped cylinder (1105), so that it passes through the outer pillow spring and presses against the inner pillow spring. The electromagnet core (1101) is provided with a coil winding (1102) for adsorbing the outer pillow spring. The mounting base (1108) is fixedly provided with a machine vision camera (1200) for collecting the size and position information of the pillow spring and the wedge.

2. The pillow spring assembly / disassembly fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electromagnet core (1101) has a U-shaped structure, including two magnetic pole posts, each magnetic pole face is symmetrically arranged, and each magnetic pole face includes two inner arc surfaces and an outer plane.

3. The pillow spring assembly / disassembly fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting base (1108) is connected to the end of the joint of the industrial robot.

4. The pillow spring assembly / disassembly fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coil winding (1102) is made of enameled flat copper wire.

5. The pillow spring assembly / disassembly fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The machine vision camera (1200) is positioned directly above the support base (1107).

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