Side-scan sonar

Abstract

The present invention provides a side-scan sonar, comprising: a base module, an integrated power module, a control module, a built-in receiver, and a built-in transmitter; a replaceable interface board connected to the base module, the replaceable interface boards including a single-frequency interface board and a dual-frequency interface board, the single-frequency interface boards including a single-frequency combined interface board and a single-frequency split interface board, and the dual-frequency interface boards including a dual-frequency combined interface board, a dual-frequency split interface board, and a low-frequency combined-high-frequency split interface board. By replacing the interface board, adjustment between a split-transmitting and a combined-transmitting and receiving mode, and adaptation between single-frequency and dual-frequency operating modes, are achieved; an external transmitter connected to the base module via the replaceable interface board to achieve high-frequency and low-frequency transmission signal distribution; and a transducer connected to the base module via the interface board. The present invention provides the side-scan sonar with a basic architecture for switching between multiple operating modes, thereby improving the versatility and flexibility of the system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of side-scan sonars, and in particular to a side-scan sonar capable of realizing conversion between separate transmitting and receiving locations and combined transmitting and receiving locations. Background Art

[0002] As a key detection device, side-scan sonar plays an irreplaceable role in numerous ocean-related fields, including ocean exploration, underwater terrain mapping, and underwater target search. With the continuous advancement of marine resource development, marine engineering construction, and marine scientific research, the application scenarios are becoming increasingly complex and diverse, placing unprecedented demands on the performance of side-scan sonar.

[0003] Traditional side-scan sonar circuit structures have significant limitations. They are often only adaptable to transducers with specific frequency bands and transceiver modes, lacking the required flexibility and versatility. For example, when conducting detailed topographic mapping in shallow waters, obtaining high-resolution imagery requires using a high-frequency band and a combined transceiver mode to improve accuracy. However, in deep-sea exploration of large areas, to ensure sufficient detection range, a switch to a low-frequency band and a separate transceiver mode is necessary. However, traditional circuit structures make it difficult to achieve this flexible switching. Changing the operating frequency band or the transceiver's transceiver mode requires redesigning and redesigning the entire circuit.

[0004] This process not only implies high costs, including manpower, material resources, and time, but also significantly prolongs the development cycle. From repeated circuit design verification to component procurement, production, and debugging, each step requires significant resources. In some urgent underwater detection missions, such as wreckage searches after maritime accidents, the limitations of traditional side-scan sonar circuit structures prevent them from adjusting their operating modes to the complex underwater environment. This can lead to delayed acquisition of critical information, hindering the progress of rescue and investigation efforts.

[0005] Existing technologies, such as Chinese invention patent publication number CN113030982A, disclose a dual-frequency, ultra-high-resolution bathymetric side-scan sonar system capable of generating dual-frequency bathymetric side-scan sonar signals to meet the requirements of wide-coverage scanning missions. Publication number CN202904014U also discloses a side-scan sonar sensor system suitable for single- and dual-frequency switching, employing a modular and standardized design that significantly improves system reliability and maintainability. However, these solutions still fail to address the issues of adapting to both co-located and separate transceiver transducers, as well as single- and dual-frequency switching.

[0006] Therefore, developing a side-scan sonar circuit structure that can adapt to various working conditions and is convenient and flexible to switch is still an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a side-scan sonar that has a basic architecture for switching between multiple working modes, which can realize the conversion between separate and combined transmission and reception, and single frequency and dual frequency, thereby improving the versatility and flexibility of the system.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the present invention provides a side-scan sonar that can realize the conversion between separate transmission and reception and combined transmission and reception, including: a basic module, an integrated power module, a control module, a built-in receiver and a built-in transmitter.

[0009] A replaceable interface board is connected to the basic module. The replaceable interface board includes a single-frequency interface board and a dual-frequency interface board. The single-frequency interface board includes a single-frequency combined interface board and a single-frequency separated interface board. The dual-frequency interface board includes a dual-frequency combined interface board, a dual-frequency separated interface board, and a low-frequency combined and high-frequency separated interface board. By replacing the interface board, adjustment of the transceiver separated mode and the transceiver combined mode and adaptation of the single-frequency and dual-frequency working modes can be achieved.

[0010] The external transmitter is connected to the basic module via the replaceable interface board to realize the distribution of high and low frequency transmission signals.

[0011] The transducer is connected to the basic module through the interface board.

[0012] According to a technical solution of the present invention, the built-in transmitter is a dual-channel transmitter.

[0013] The built-in receiver is a four-channel receiver, two of which are used for single-frequency reception. When dual-frequency reception is required, the other two channels are expanded to dual-frequency reception through an external transmitter.

[0014] The external transmitter is a four-channel transmitter.

[0015] According to a technical solution of the present invention, a preamplifier circuit for preprocessing the received input signal is provided between the interface board and the transducer.

[0016] The preamplifier circuit is arranged on the vulcanized junction between the transducer and the probe cable.

[0017] According to a technical solution of the present invention, any of the interface boards includes a receiving signal transmission circuit, a transmitting signal transmission circuit, a transceiver mode matching circuit and an interface circuit.

[0018] In the single-frequency interface board, the receiving signal transmission line is connected to the built-in receiver, the transmitting signal transmission line is connected to the built-in transmitter, and the receiving signal transmission line and the transmitting signal transmission line share a first connector.

[0019] In the dual-band interface board, the receiving signal transmission line is connected to the built-in receiver, the transmitting signal transmission line is connected to the built-in transmitter and the external transmitter, the receiving signal transmission line is configured with a first connector, and the transmitting signal transmission line is configured with a second connector.

[0020] According to a technical solution of the present invention, the interface circuit is designed based on the 9-core connector of J70A.

[0021] According to a technical solution of the present invention, the control module is configured with a built-in IIC interface for accessing a pressure sensor.

[0022] According to a technical solution of the present invention, the control module is configured with an RS232 interface for accessing a magnetometer.

[0023] According to a technical solution of the present invention, the side scan sonar further includes a synchronous interface cascade module, which is used to access a single-beam device and expand to a triple-frequency working mode.

[0024] According to a technical solution of the present invention, the side scan sonar further includes: an attitude indicator for improving imaging accuracy and positioning capability.

[0025] According to a technical solution of the present invention, the side-scan sonar further includes: a powerline interface for reducing the impact of electromagnetic interference, stabilizing data transmission, and extending the transmission distance.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] The side-scan sonar of the present invention can realize the conversion between separate and combined transmission and reception. By adopting a split-board design, a power module, a control system, a receiver and a transmitter are integrated into a basic module. By replacing different interface boards, the conversion between separate and combined transmission and reception and single-frequency and dual-frequency switching can be realized, so that the modules of the entire product are completely consistent. The user does not need to redesign the entire circuit, but only needs to replace the interface board to adapt to different working requirements. Therefore, the versatility and flexibility of the side-scan sonar are greatly improved, and the use cost and development cycle are reduced.

[0028] The present invention adopts the design of combining a basic module with an external transmitter, realizes the flexible application of single frequency and dual frequency, and meets the frequency requirements of different detection scenarios.

[0029] In the present invention, the preamplifier circuit of the transducer is integrated at the vulcanized junction of the transducer and the probe cable, and preprocesses the received signal, which can greatly improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the input signal and enhance the receiving sensitivity of the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0031] Figure 1 Schematically showing the structure of a side-scan sonar capable of realizing the conversion between separate transmission and reception and combined transmission and reception according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] FIG2( a ) and FIG2 ( b ) schematically illustrate a circuit structure diagram of a single-frequency combined interface board according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] FIG3 (a) and FIG3 (b) schematically show the circuit structure of a single-frequency split interface board according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] FIG4 (a) and FIG4 (b) schematically show the circuit structure of a low-frequency combined high-frequency separated interface board according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] FIG5( a ) and FIG5 ( b ) schematically illustrate a circuit structure diagram of a dual-frequency split interface board according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] FIG6 (a), FIG6 (b) and FIG6 (c) schematically show the circuit structure of the dual-frequency combined interface board according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 The figure schematically shows the structure of a side-scan sonar capable of realizing the conversion between separate transmission and reception and combined transmission and reception according to another embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The description of the embodiments in this specification should be combined with the corresponding drawings, which should be considered a complete part of this specification. In the drawings, the shapes and thicknesses of the embodiments may be exaggerated and indicated for simplicity or convenience. Furthermore, the various structural components in the drawings will be described separately. It is worth noting that components not shown in the drawings or not described in words are known to those of ordinary skill in the art.

[0039] The description of the embodiments herein and any references to directions and orientations are for ease of description only and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. The following description of the preferred embodiments may involve combinations of features, which may exist independently or in combination. The present invention is not specifically limited to the preferred embodiments. The scope of the present invention is defined by the claims.

[0040] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The embodiments cannot be described one by one here, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the following embodiments.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides a side-scan sonar capable of realizing the conversion between a separate transmitting and receiving arrangement and a combined transmitting and receiving arrangement, comprising:

[0042] The basic module integrates the power module, control module, built-in receiver and built-in transmitter; the power module provides stable power support for the entire circuit system. Usually, an isolated power supply is used according to the external power environment; the control module is used to control the operation of the transmitting circuit and the receiving circuit and coordinate the operation of each part.

[0043] Among them, the control module can adopt a host computer plus FPGA+ARM architecture, and adapt to different working modes by controlling the parameters of the receiver and transmitter through the host computer.

[0044] The replaceable interface board is connected to the basic module. The replaceable interface boards include single-frequency interface boards and dual-frequency interface boards. The single-frequency interface boards include single-frequency combined interface boards and single-frequency separated interface boards. The dual-frequency interface boards include dual-frequency combined interface boards, dual-frequency separated interface boards and low-frequency combined and high-frequency separated interface boards. A variety of interface boards meet the signal transmission requirements of side-scan sonars under different working modes. By replacing the interface boards, the adjustment of the transceiver separated mode and the transceiver combined mode and the adaptation of the single and dual-frequency working modes can be achieved.

[0045] The external transmitter is connected to the basic module through a replaceable interface board. According to different detection requirements, the control module sends a control signal to the external transmitter. The external transmitter generates a transmission signal of the corresponding frequency according to the instruction and transmits it to the transducer through the interface board to meet the transmission requirements of the side scan sonar in different frequency bands, thereby realizing the distribution of high and low frequency transmission signals.

[0046] The transducer is connected to the basic module through the interface board. As the core component of the side scan sonar, the transducer includes various types based on the transmission and reception mode and frequency.

[0047] By setting up a basic module integrating a power module, a control module, a built-in receiver and a built-in transmitter, and matching it with a replaceable interface board, an external transmitter and a transducer, a complete side-scan sonar system is built, which realizes the collaborative work of different functional modules. Based on the replaceable multiple interface boards, the side-scan sonar has a basic architecture for switching multiple working modes and is compatible with multiple types of transducers, which improves the versatility and flexibility of the system. It can adapt to multiple types of transducers for different usage scenarios. The module has a high degree of integration and can quickly complete the design and assembly of the side-scan sonar, greatly improving the flexibility and efficiency of the side-scan sonar, reducing the cost of use and development cycle, and being able to adapt to the needs of various ocean detection scenarios.

[0048] In some embodiments of the present invention, the built-in transmitter is a dual-channel transmitter, such as a MOS tube driver combined with a full-bridge drive circuit to amplify and output a transmission signal through a transformer.

[0049] The built-in receiver is a four-channel receiver, such as a receiver that implements analog signal processing by a preamplifier circuit, a mixing circuit, a gain control circuit, etc. and implements digital signal processing by an ADC chip. Two of the channels are used for single-frequency reception. When dual-frequency reception is required, the other two channels are expanded to dual-frequency reception through an external transmitter.

[0050] The external transmitter is a four-channel transmitter.

[0051] The basic module integrates a dual-channel transmitter and a four-channel receiver. Two of the four-channel receiver's channels are used for single-frequency reception. When dual-frequency reception is required, the other two channels can be expanded to dual-frequency reception via an external transmitter. In single-frequency reception mode, the two-channel receiver can efficiently process signals from a single frequency. In dual-frequency reception mode, the external transmitter works in conjunction with the other two-channel receiver of the basic module and can process high-frequency and low-frequency reception signals separately. This not only meets the basic needs of single-frequency detection, but also allows for functional expansion when dual-frequency detection is required. This effectively utilizes hardware resources, improves the adaptability and performance of the side-scan sonar in different frequency detection scenarios, and achieves a wider detection frequency range.

[0052] In some embodiments of the present invention, a preamplifier circuit for preprocessing the received input signal is provided between the interface board and the transducer.

[0053] The preamplifier circuit is arranged on the vulcanized junction between the transducer and the probe cable.

[0054] The transducer's preamplifier performs a level of preprocessing (amplification, filtering, and other operations to improve the signal-to-noise ratio) on the received echo signal near the transducer, significantly enhancing the device's receiving sensitivity. The transducer's preamplifier is connected to the device using a fully shielded cable, which effectively reduces external interference and ensures stable transmission of the preprocessed signal to the device.

[0055] In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in Figures 2(a), 2(b) to 6(a), 6(b), and 6(c), any of the interface boards includes a receiving signal transmission circuit, a transmitting signal transmission circuit, a transceiver mode matching circuit, and an interface circuit.

[0056] In the single-frequency interface board, the receiving signal transmission line is connected to the built-in receiver, the transmitting signal transmission line is connected to the built-in transmitter, and the receiving signal transmission line and the transmitting signal transmission line share a first connector P1.

[0057] In the dual-band interface board, the receiving signal transmission line is connected to the built-in receiver, the transmitting signal transmission line is connected to the built-in transmitter and the external transmitter, the receiving signal transmission line is configured with a first connector P1, and the transmitting signal transmission line is configured with a second connector P2.

[0058] Among them, the first connector P1 can adopt a DF9_25S connector; the second connector P2 can adopt a DF9_25P connector.

[0059] In some embodiments of the present invention, the interface circuit is based on the 9-pin connector design of J70A, which can reduce the size of the interface board; the N pole of the transmitting signal and the N pole of the transmitting and receiving combined signal are connected uniformly to save pins, and the power supply of the transducer front amplifier board is added. The maximum number of pins for all interfaces is 9, which can perfectly match the minimum standard pin number of the J70A connector.

[0060] Typically, the interface circuit is double-sided, with a 9-core connector configured on each side. The following examples illustrate the single-frequency mode and dual-frequency mode of the side-scan sonar of the present invention.

[0061] Single-frequency mode: To adapt a single-frequency side-scan transducer, the base module can be paired with either a single-frequency co-located interface board or a single-frequency split-located interface board. For example, when the side-scan sonar is activated, the control module controls the dual-channel transmitter to generate a transmit signal at a specific frequency. This transmit signal is transmitted to the transducer's transmitter via the circuitry on the co-located interface board, such as the signal transmission line formed by the J70A-2F2-009-431-TH connector and associated resistors (such as R7-R14). After receiving the transmit signal, the transducer emits a sound wave toward the target area. When the sound wave reflects off the target and forms an echo signal, the transducer receives it. The echo signal first enters the transducer's preamplifier circuit, where it is pre-processed at the vulcanized junction between the transducer and the probe cable to improve the signal-to-noise ratio. The pre-processed signal is then transmitted through the co-located interface board, via the connector and associated resistors, to the base module's receiver circuit. The two channels in the basic module's receiving circuit begin operating, amplifying and filtering the single-frequency received signal. The processed signal is then transmitted to the control circuit for subsequent data processing and analysis, ultimately generating the detection result. The single-frequency split interface board operates in a similar manner, with the transceiver circuitry and component connections on the interface board adjusted to the specific characteristics of the split-frequency module. This ensures that the receive and transmit signals are transmitted independently on separate lines without interfering with each other.

[0062] The specific use of the single-frequency combined interface board or the single-frequency separated interface board can be flexibly adjusted according to the usage scenario and the model of the existing transducer.

[0063] Dual-frequency mode: When adapting to a dual-frequency side-scan transducer, the base module is paired with a dual-frequency interface board, including a combined dual-frequency interface board, a separate dual-frequency interface board, and a combined low-frequency / high-frequency / separate interface board. Taking the combined low-frequency / high-frequency / separate interface board as an example, the base module's control module starts first, controlling the built-in dual-channel transmitter and the external transmitter. The external transmitter connects to the base module via the interface board, receives transmit control signals from the control module, and generates high- or low-frequency transmit signals accordingly. The built-in receiver processes high-frequency signals on two channels, while the other two channels process low-frequency signals. For low-frequency signals, transmission between the transducer and the base module is accomplished via the combined low-frequency transmit / receive signal line, utilizing resistors (such as R1-R10) and related circuitry on the interface board. The low-frequency transmit signal originates from the base module's built-in transmitter and is transmitted via the interface board to the transducer's low-frequency transmit terminal. The low-frequency echo signal received by the transducer is pre-processed by the transducer's preamplifier circuitry before being transmitted back to the base module's receive circuitry via the interface board. For high-frequency signals, the high-frequency transmit signal generated by the external transmitter is transmitted via a separate high-frequency transmit signal line through the relevant circuits and components (such as resistors) on the interface board to the transducer's high-frequency transmit terminal. The high-frequency echo signal received by the transducer is also pre-processed by the transducer's preamplifier circuitry before being transmitted via the interface board to the base module's receiver for processing. Finally, the control module performs comprehensive analysis and processing of the high- and low-frequency received signals to produce a complete detection result.

[0064] The interface circuit is designed based on the J70A 9-pin connector. The wiring sequence of the 9-pin connector on one side is shown in Table 1 below.

[0065]

[0066] Table 1

[0067] In Table 1, the left side of x indicates the signal type, R indicates the receiving line, T indicates the transmitting line, and RT indicates the combined transmitting and receiving line. The right side of x indicates the relative frequency, H indicates the high frequency of a dual-frequency transducer, L indicates the low frequency of a dual-frequency transducer, and H is used by default for a single-frequency transducer.

[0068] In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in Figure 2 (b), pin 1 of the 9-pin connector of the single-frequency combination interface board is connected to the negative power supply, pin 2 is grounded, pin 3 is connected to receive a low-frequency positive signal, pin 4 is connected to receive a low-frequency negative signal, pin 5 receives a high-frequency negative signal for combination, pin 6 is connected to the positive power supply, pin 7 is left floating, pin 8 is left floating, and pin 9 receives a high-frequency positive signal for combination.

[0069] In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in FIG3 (b), pin 1 of the 9-pin connector of the single-frequency split interface board is connected to the negative power supply, pin 2 is grounded, pin 3 is connected to receive a low-frequency positive signal, pin 4 is connected to receive a low-frequency negative signal, pin 5 is left floating, pin 6 is connected to the positive power supply, pin 7 is connected to receive a high-frequency positive signal, pin 8 is connected to receive a high-frequency negative signal, and pin 9 is connected to transmit a high-frequency positive signal.

[0070] In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in Figure 4 (b), pin 1 of the 9-pin connector of the low-frequency combined high-frequency split interface board is connected to the negative power supply, pin 2 is grounded, pin 3 receives the combined low-frequency positive signal, pin 4 receives the combined low-frequency negative signal, pin 5 is connected to the transmitted high-frequency negative signal, pin 6 is connected to the positive power supply, pin 7 is connected to the received high-frequency positive signal, pin 8 is connected to the received high-frequency negative signal, and pin 9 is connected to the transmitted high-frequency positive signal.

[0071] In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in FIG5( b ), pin 1 of the 9-pin connector of the dual-frequency split interface board is connected to a negative power supply, pin 2 is grounded, pin 3 is connected to receive a low-frequency positive signal, pin 4 is connected to receive a low-frequency negative signal, pin 5 is connected to transmit a low-frequency positive signal, pin 6 is connected to a positive power supply, pin 7 is connected to receive a high-frequency positive signal, pin 8 is connected to receive a high-frequency negative signal, and pin 9 is connected to transmit a high-frequency positive signal.

[0072] In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in FIG6 (c), pin 1 of the 9-core connector of the dual-frequency combination interface board is left floating, pin 2 is grounded, pin 3 receives a low-frequency positive signal for the combination, pin 4 receives a low-frequency negative signal for the combination, pin 5 is left floating, pin 6 is left floating, pin 7 receives a high-frequency positive signal for the combination, pin 8 receives a high-frequency negative signal for the combination, and pin 9 is left floating.

[0073] In addition, positions 10 and 11 of the J70A-2F2-009-431-TH connector indicate the connector mounting holes.

[0074] like Figure 7 As shown, the side-scan sonar of the present invention uses FPGA as the core of the control module, which is connected to 10-36VDC through the gas power supply system. The power supply system provides power support for the entire side-scan sonar and is connected to the FPGA through a digital power supply to ensure the normal and stable operation of all system components. It is the basis for the system operation.

[0075] Attitude or synchronization input is an input interface reserved for external navigation attitude and other information, mainly used to support the access of external attitude instrument information.

[0076] The temperature and humidity sensor is a temperature and humidity sensor built into the device's internal circuit board. The voltage and current monitoring chip is built into the device and is used to monitor the device's operating status (including temperature, humidity, voltage and current) in real time and support device self-test and other functions.

[0077] The external expansion interface is the FPGA-controlled external 4-channel transmission control interface and the external transmitter temperature and voltage and current monitoring information interface.

[0078] As the core control unit, the FPGA coordinates and manages the entire system, ensuring the orderly coordination of all system components and enabling various side-scan sonar functions, such as data processing, frequency expansion, and device cascading. It receives data input from a 100M network card, TTL interface, RS485, RS232, and other sources, and controls the internal receiver, internal transmitter, and external transmitters after processing. It also manages sensor data access, such as the pressure sensor through the IIC interface and the attitude indicator data processing. It also enables multi-module cascading through synchronous input and output interfaces, connecting to single-beam equipment for triple-frequency operation.

[0079] Specifically, the built-in IIC interface provides an access channel for the pressure sensor to collect pressure data, so that the present invention can be upgraded to a towed side-scan sonar, increasing the application scenarios and functions of the device.

[0080] Built-in powerline interface enables data transmission and uses power lines to transmit data, thereby reducing the impact of electromagnetic interference, achieving stable data transmission, expanding transmission distance, and ensuring reliable data transmission.

[0081] The built-in RS232 interface provides an access channel for the magnetometer and receives magnetometer data to expand underwater geophysical exploration applications, add side-scan sonar functions, and detect underwater magnetic objects.

[0082] Through the synchronous input and output interface, single-beam equipment can be connected to achieve triple-frequency operation, further improving detection accuracy, range and function.

[0083] The side-scan sonar also supports attitude meter access, receives attitude meter data, obtains device attitude information, improves imaging accuracy, positioning capability, environmental adaptability and data comprehensive application capabilities, and makes detection results more accurate and reliable.

[0084] The above describes the implementation methods of the present application by means of specific specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present application from the contents disclosed in this specification. Although the description of the present application will be introduced in conjunction with some embodiments, this does not mean that the features of this application are limited to the implementation methods. On the contrary, the purpose of introducing the application in conjunction with the implementation methods is to cover other options or modifications that may be extended based on the claims of the present application. The present application can also be implemented without using these details. In addition, in order to avoid confusion or blurring the focus of the present application, some specific details are omitted in the description. It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other unless there is a conflict.

[0085] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "outside", "inside", "circumferential", "radial", "axial", etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on this application.

[0086] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "dispose," "install," "connect," and "fit" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0087] Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of this application fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application is intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A side-scan sonar, characterized in that: include: Basic module, integrating power module, control module, built-in receiver and built-in transmitter; The built-in transmitter is a dual-channel transmitter; The built-in receiver is a four-channel receiver, two of which are used for single-frequency reception. When dual-frequency reception is required, the other two channels are expanded to dual-frequency reception through an external transmitter; A replaceable interface board connected to the basic module, wherein the replaceable interface board includes a single-frequency interface board and a dual-frequency interface board. The single-frequency interface board includes a single-frequency combined interface board and a single-frequency split interface board. The dual-frequency interface board includes a dual-frequency combined interface board, a dual-frequency split interface board, and a low-frequency combined high-frequency split interface board. By replacing the interface board, adjustment between the transmit-receive split mode and the transmit-receive combined mode and adaptation between the single-frequency and dual-frequency operating modes can be achieved. An external transmitter is connected to the basic module via the replaceable interface board to realize the distribution of high and low frequency transmission signals; The transducer is connected to the basic module through the interface board.

2. The side-scan sonar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The external transmitter is a four-channel transmitter.

3. The side-scan sonar according to claim 1, characterized in that: A preamplifier circuit for preprocessing the received input signal is provided between the interface board and the transducer; The preamplifier circuit is arranged on the vulcanized junction between the transducer and the probe cable.

4. The side-scan sonar according to claim 1, characterized in that: Any of the interface boards includes a receiving signal transmission circuit, a transmitting signal transmission circuit, a transceiver mode matching circuit and an interface circuit; In the single-frequency interface board, the receiving signal transmission line is connected to the built-in receiver, the transmitting signal transmission line is connected to the built-in transmitter, and the receiving signal transmission line and the transmitting signal transmission line share a first connector (P1); In the dual-frequency interface board, the receiving signal transmission line is connected to the built-in receiver, the transmitting signal transmission line is connected to the built-in transmitter and the external transmitter, the receiving signal transmission line is configured with a first connector (P1), and the transmitting signal transmission line is configured with a second connector (P2).

5. The side-scan sonar according to claim 4, characterized in that: The interface circuit is designed based on the 9-core connector of J70A.

6. The side-scan sonar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control module is equipped with a built-in IIC interface for accessing a pressure sensor.

7. The side-scan sonar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control module is equipped with an RS232 interface for accessing the magnetometer.

8. The side-scan sonar according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a synchronous interface cascade module, which is used to access a single-beam device and expand to a triple-band working mode.

9. The side-scan sonar according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: Attitude indicator, used to improve imaging accuracy and positioning capabilities.

10. The side scan sonar according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: The powerline interface is used to reduce the impact of electromagnetic interference, stabilize data transmission, and extend the transmission distance.

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