A local anaesthetic interventional procedure pre-diet planning system

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of local anesthesia intervention preoperative diet planning system, belong to preoperative diet management technical field.The system includes: fluorescence measuring unit is configured to be used to determine the gastric emptying trend line of patient using fluorescence indication method in preoperative planning stage;Diet planning unit is configured to generate the feeding time and feeding category planning of patient according to the gastric emptying trend line of patient and predetermined operation time;Blood glucose detection unit is configured to monitor the blood glucose of patient in real time.Optimally, diet planning unit is further configured to individualize revision the gastric emptying rate of patient according to the real-time monitoring value of blood glucose of patient, and adjust the feeding time and feeding category planning of patient according to the gastric emptying rate after revision.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of preoperative diet management, and particularly relates to a preoperative diet planning system for local anesthesia intervention. BACKGROUND

[0002] In modern medicine, preoperative diet management is crucial for ensuring surgical safety and patient comfort. Traditionally, preoperative fasting and fluid restriction times usually follow fixed guidelines, such as fasting from solid food for 6 hours and clear fluid for 2 hours before surgery. However, this one-size-fits-all approach fails to fully consider individual differences, which can lead to unnecessary discomfort or increased surgical risk.

[0003] CN117854679A discloses an intervention preoperative diet behavior management system and a management method thereof, which includes a biomarker information acquisition device for obtaining biomarker information of a patient at at least one set preoperative node related to an intervention surgery; a scheme formulation module for generating a preoperative recommended diet scheme suitable for performing the intervention surgery based on personal statistical information, historical condition information of the patient, and / or biomarker information of the patient at the reference value of the set preoperative node; and a scheme change module for selectively updating the preoperative recommended diet scheme based on change information of the biomarker information.

[0004] In recent years, with the in-depth study of gastric emptying rate (GER) and its influencing factors, personalized preoperative diet management has gradually become an important means to improve surgical safety and patient experience. Gastric emptying rate refers to the speed at which food moves from the stomach to the small intestine, which is influenced by various factors, including patient's age, gender, body mass index (BMI), metabolic status, blood glucose level, and specific disease status. Currently, there are a series of limitations in the methods used to measure gastric emptying rate in clinical practice. For example, gastric scintigraphy, although the clinical gold standard, involves radiation exposure, lacks standardization and is expensive, requiring nuclear medicine facilities. Stable isotope breath test, although simple and minimally invasive, requires special equipment and laboratory analysis, and may not be accurate or feasible in some patients. Acetaminophen absorption test, although economical and simple, requires multiple blood samples and has a time delay in laboratory analysis. These limitations indicate the need for a rapid, non-invasive alternative testing method to promote the widespread use of gastric emptying rate in clinical practice.

[0005] Studies have shown that (Lett A M, Lim A, Skinner C, et al. Rapid, non-invasive measurement of gastric emptying rate using transcutaneous fluorescence spectroscopy[J]. Biomedical Optics Express, 2021, 12(7.)): By orally taking fluorescent markers and using transcutaneous fluorescence detection devices, the gastric emptying process can be monitored in real time. However, this technology still faces some challenges in application. First of all, how to effectively combine the gastric emptying rate with preoperative diet management to develop a scientific and reasonable individualized diet plan is still a problem to be solved. Secondly, most existing gastric emptying measurement methods rely on laboratory analysis and cannot achieve real-time dynamic adjustment. In addition, the change of preoperative blood glucose level will also affect the gastric emptying rate, and thus affect the accuracy of diet planning. Therefore, it is of great clinical significance to develop a system that can monitor the gastric emptying rate in real time and dynamically adjust it according to the specific circumstances of the patient.

[0006] In addition, on the one hand, there are differences in the understanding of those skilled in the art; on the other hand, due to the limited space, the applicant did not detail all the details and contents when making the invention, but this does not mean that the invention does not have these prior art characteristics, on the contrary, the invention already has all the characteristics of the prior art, and the applicant reserves the right to add relevant prior art in the background art. SUMMARY

[0007] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides a local anesthesia interventional preoperative diet planning system to solve at least part of the above technical problems.

[0008] The task of the present application is first to provide a personalized determination device and method of gastric emptying rate, so as to continuously determine the gastric emptying trend line and / or gastric emptying rate of the corresponding patient at least according to the fluorescence index during the preoperative planning stage, and then to predict the patient's eating time before operation according to the gastric emptying trend line and / or gastric emptying rate of the corresponding patient and the food type, so as to individualize the perioperative precision nursing, and promote the postoperative rehabilitation of the patient.

[0009] Another task of the present application is to provide a prediction device and method of gastric emptying rate, which sets the fasting time of the corresponding patient before and after operation according to the difference between the gastric emptying trend line of the current patient under the standardized diet package determined during his hospitalization and the corresponding standard trend line, so as to individualize the perioperative precision nursing, and promote the postoperative rehabilitation of the patient.

[0010] It is another task of the present application to provide a perioperative planning system based on gastric emptying rate, which is personalized to correct its gastric emptying rate according to the current patient's blood glucose and BMI index during hospitalization, in order to determine the fasting time before and after surgery and the corresponding personalized diet package.

[0011] The present application discloses a local anesthesia intervention preoperative diet planning system, which comprises: a fluorescence measurement unit configured to determine the patient's gastric emptying trend line using fluorescence indication method in the preoperative planning stage; a diet planning unit configured to generate the patient's eating time and eating category plan according to the patient's gastric emptying trend line and the scheduled operation time; a blood glucose detection unit configured to monitor the patient's blood glucose in real time. The diet planning unit is further configured to personalize the patient's gastric emptying rate according to the real-time monitoring value of the patient's blood glucose, and adjust the patient's eating time and eating category plan according to the corrected gastric emptying rate.

[0012] The present application also discloses a local anesthesia intervention preoperative diet planning system, which comprises:

[0013] A fluorescence detection module is configured with a transcutaneous fluorescence measurement device and a data processing unit, the transcutaneous fluorescence measurement device acquires skin surface fluorescence signals by coupling a dual-wavelength laser light source through a bifurcated optical fiber probe, and the data processing unit generates a gastric emptying trend line using a multi-parameter regression model;

[0014] A dynamic blood glucose monitoring module continuously acquires patient blood glucose data and establishes a blood glucose change curve through a wearable sensor;

[0015] A diet planning unit as a decision control center is configured to perform the following operations:

[0016] (a) receiving the gastric emptying trend line output by the fluorescence detection module and the operation scheduling time parameter;

[0017] (b) generating a first diet plan containing an eating time window and food types according to the initial gastric emptying trend line;

[0018] (c) real-time integration of blood glucose change rate and blood glucose deviation parameters transmitted by the dynamic blood glucose monitoring module;

[0019] (d) mapping the blood glucose parameters to a gastric emptying rate correction factor through a nonlinear compensation algorithm, the correction factor including a blood glucose change rate weight α, a current blood glucose and target blood glucose deviation weight β, and a remaining time coefficient γ;

[0020] (e) reconstructing the dynamic gastric emptying curve based on the corrected gastric emptying rate, and generating a second diet plan containing allowed food categories, intake amount and cutoff time.

[0021] This invention uses a fluorescence indicator method to determine the patient's gastric emptying trend line. This system provides precise gastric emptying rate data, thus offering a scientific basis for preoperative dietary planning. The fluorescence measurement unit not only monitors the gastric emptying process in real time but also generates detailed gastric emptying curves, helping medical staff understand the patient's specific gastric emptying status. Based on this data, the dietary planning unit can develop personalized meal times and food types to ensure the stomach is fully emptied before surgery, reducing the risk of vomiting and aspiration during anesthesia. Furthermore, the blood glucose monitoring unit monitors the patient's blood glucose levels in real time and adjusts the gastric emptying rate based on blood glucose changes, further optimizing the dietary plan.

[0022] According to a preferred embodiment, the preoperative dietary planning system for local anesthesia intervention also includes an interactive unit, which allows medical staff to input detailed patient information during the preoperative planning stage. This detailed patient information includes age, gender, weight, height, medical history, and medication use.

[0023] This invention introduces an interactive unit that allows healthcare professionals to input detailed patient-related information during the preoperative planning phase. This information is crucial for accurately predicting a patient's metabolic rate and gastric emptying speed. For example, elderly individuals and children may require different dietary preparation plans due to their physiological characteristics; while patients with chronic diseases may require stricter dietary control. By integrating this detailed information into the system, the dietary planning unit can generate more personalized and precise dietary recommendations, ensuring that each patient receives the most suitable preoperative preparation plan.

[0024] According to a preferred embodiment, the interaction unit can send the acquired patient-related detailed information to the fluorescence measurement unit, so that the fluorescence measurement unit can analyze the information to generate a fluorescence detection plan adapted to the current patient and formulate a detailed dosing guide accordingly. The dosing guide includes recommended fluorescent markers and their concentrations, as well as the specified time for taking the markers.

[0025] The process by which the fluorescence measurement unit generates a fluorescence detection protocol tailored to the current patient relies not only on the system's built-in algorithm model but also on individual patient differences, such as age, gender, weight, height, medical history, and medication use, ensuring that the generated protocol best meets each patient's specific needs. Specifically, the fluorescence measurement unit develops detailed dosing guidelines based on this information, including recommended fluorescent markers and their concentrations, as well as the specified timing of marker administration. In this way, the system can better understand and manage the patient's gastric emptying rate, providing a solid foundation for preoperative dietary planning.

[0026] According to a preferred embodiment, the fluorescence measurement unit is equipped with a wearable finger fluorescence detection device, which includes two laser sources for exciting fluorescence. These two laser sources are coupled through a bifurcated fiber optic probe to detect fluorescence signals on the patient's skin surface. The fluorescence signals are collected by the detection channel of the fiber optic probe and transmitted to a spectrometer for detection through a multimode fiber to collect fluorescence data.

[0027] The finger fluorescence detection device is equipped with two laser sources for excitation of fluorescence, coupled via a bifurcated fiber optic probe, enabling efficient detection of fluorescence signals on the patient's skin surface. This design not only improves the efficiency of fluorescence signal capture but also reduces background noise interference, ensuring data accuracy and reliability. The fluorescence signal is collected by the detection channel of the fiber optic probe and transmitted to a spectrometer via a multimode fiber for detection, thus collecting fluorescence data. This high-precision data acquisition method provides a solid foundation for subsequent multi-parameter regression analysis. Through this method, the system can generate accurate gastric emptying trend lines, helping medical staff better understand the patient's gastric emptying process, thereby developing more scientific and reasonable preoperative dietary plans and improving the safety and success rate of surgery.

[0028] According to a preferred embodiment, the fluorescence data collected by the finger fluorescence detection device can be uploaded to the processor of the fluorescence measurement unit to calculate the trend of fluorescence intensity change over time and generate a gastric emptying trend line characterizing the gastric emptying rate.

[0029] This method not only considers the time-series changes in fluorescence intensity but also incorporates other physiological parameters, making the predictions more accurate and personalized. In this way, the system can better simulate the patient's gastric emptying process, identify potential risk factors, and propose corresponding dietary adjustments.

[0030] According to a preferred embodiment, after the gastric emptying trend line of the patient generated by the fluorescence measurement unit is sent to the diet planning unit, the diet planning unit can predict the optimal eating time and food type based on the patient's gastric emptying rate, thereby generating a personalized initial diet plan. The diet planning unit can take into account the patient's relevant detailed information when generating the personalized initial diet plan.

[0031] The diet planning unit can include built-in dietary recommendations based on clinical guidelines and professional knowledge. This allows the unit to generate a personalized initial diet plan by looking up the patient's gastric emptying rate. For example, for patients with slow gastric emptying, the system may recommend stopping solid foods earlier, allowing a moderate amount of clear fluid to be consumed preoperatively, and requiring a longer period of time before stopping eating.

[0032] According to a preferred embodiment, the blood glucose detection unit is configured as a continuous blood glucose monitoring device that can be worn on the patient's upper arm to achieve accurate monitoring of the patient's blood glucose level. The blood glucose detection unit can send the patient's real-time blood glucose data to the diet planning unit and issue an alarm when the blood glucose value is lower or higher than a preset safety range to alert medical staff and patients to potential risks.

[0033] When blood glucose levels fall below or exceed a preset safe range, the system immediately issues an alert, alerting medical staff and patients to potential risks and suggesting appropriate dietary adjustments. For example, if a patient's blood glucose is low four hours before surgery, the system will recommend consuming a sugary beverage to quickly raise blood glucose levels. This dynamic adjustment mechanism not only effectively addresses blood glucose fluctuations but also flexibly adjusts dietary plans based on the patient's real-time physiological state, ensuring optimal preoperative preparation for each patient.

[0034] According to a preferred embodiment, the diet planning unit that receives real-time blood glucose data from a patient can use the rate of change in blood glucose to correct the original gastric emptying rate and suggest corresponding dietary adjustments based on the corrected gastric emptying rate.

[0035] For example, when blood sugar drops rapidly, the system automatically slows down the rate of gastric emptying to reduce further digestion and absorption of food and avoid the risk of hypoglycemia; conversely, if blood sugar rises rapidly, it may increase the rate of gastric emptying to help process the extra sugar more quickly.

[0036] According to a preferred embodiment, the diet planning unit can refine and modify the original gastric emptying rate based on the combined effects of three factors: the rate of change of blood glucose, the difference between the current blood glucose and the target blood glucose, and the remaining time effect. The diet planning unit can generate a modified gastric emptying trend line based on the modified gastric emptying rate, thereby adjusting the patient's eating time and food type planning.

[0037] In this way, the system can not only more precisely adjust the gastric emptying rate, but also generate a corrected gastric emptying trend line, thereby adjusting the patient's eating time and food type planning. For example, as surgery approaches, the system automatically slows down the gastric emptying rate to ensure that the stomach is fully emptied before surgery begins, reducing the risk of vomiting and aspiration during anesthesia.

[0038] According to a preferred embodiment, the diet planning unit can send the gastric emptying trend lines before and after correction, as well as the diet plan, to the interactive unit for visualization to patients and / or healthcare personnel through the user interface of the interactive unit.

[0039] This visualization not only makes complex data intuitive and easy to understand, but also facilitates joint discussions and adjustments of dietary plans between medical staff and patients. For example, patients can clearly see their eating recommendations at different times through the interface, which helps improve compliance; while medical staff can update dietary guidance in a timely manner based on the latest patient information, ensuring that each patient receives the optimal preoperative preparation plan. Attached Figure Description

[0040] Figure 1 This is a hardware connection diagram of the preoperative diet planning system for local anesthesia interventional procedures provided by the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the working logic of the diet planning unit provided by the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the gastric emptying trend line provided by the present invention.

[0043] List of reference numerals

[0044] 100: Fluorescence measurement unit; 110: Finger fluorescence detection device; 111: Laser source; 120: Processor; 200: Diet planning unit; 300: Blood glucose detection unit; 310: Continuous blood glucose monitoring device; 400: Interaction unit. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The following is a detailed explanation with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention discloses a preoperative dietary planning system for local anesthesia interventional procedures, comprising: a fluorescence measurement unit 100 configured to determine the patient's gastric emptying trend line using fluorescence indication during the preoperative planning stage; a dietary planning unit 200 configured to generate a patient's eating time and food type plan based on the patient's gastric emptying trend line and the predetermined surgical time; and a blood glucose detection unit 300 configured to monitor the patient's blood glucose in real time. Preferably, the dietary planning unit 200 is further configured to personalize and correct the patient's gastric emptying rate based on the real-time monitoring value of the patient's blood glucose, and adjust the patient's eating time and food type plan based on the corrected gastric emptying rate.

[0047] Preferably, the preoperative dietary planning system for local anesthesia interventional procedures of the present invention may further include an interactive unit 400, allowing medical personnel to input detailed patient-related information through the interactive unit 400 during the preoperative planning stage. This detailed patient-related information may include age, gender, weight, height, past medical history, medication use, etc. This data is not only used to calculate indicators such as BMI (Body Mass Index), but is also crucial for predicting metabolic rate and gastric emptying rate.

[0048] Preferably, age can be accurate to the year or month (especially important for the elderly or newborns), as gastric emptying rates differ across age groups; gender can be selected as male or female, taking into account the impact of gender on gastric emptying rate and drug metabolism; weight and height are expressed in kilograms and centimeters, respectively, to calculate BMI and assess obesity levels and their impact on gastric emptying rate; past medical history includes, but is not limited to, chronic diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, and gastrointestinal disorders, which can affect gastric emptying rate and overall health; medication use includes the names, dosages, and frequencies of all currently used medications, noting that some medications, such as anticholinergics and opioid analgesics, may delay gastric emptying. Furthermore, detailed patient information may include allergy history, particularly allergic reactions to food, fluorescent markers, or other components, ensuring that the selected fluorescent markers do not trigger adverse reactions.

[0049] Preferably, the interaction unit 400 can send the acquired patient-related detailed information to the fluorescence measurement unit 100, so that the fluorescence measurement unit 100 can generate a fluorescence detection plan adapted to the current patient after analysis. The generated plan fully considers individual patient differences, such as age, gender, weight, height, past medical history, and medication use, ensuring that the generated plan can meet the specific needs of each patient to the greatest extent. Preferably, the fluorescence measurement unit 100 can analyze this information to determine the most suitable fluorescent marker type and concentration for the current patient, and formulate detailed administration guidelines accordingly. These guidelines may include recommended fluorescent markers (e.g., liquids containing specific fluorescent dyes) and specified times for administration. Furthermore, medical staff can directly adopt the fluorescence detection plan automatically generated by the fluorescence measurement unit 100, or make appropriate adjustments based on their own clinical experience and understanding of the patient's specific condition to achieve the best detection results.

[0050] Preferably, the fluorescence measurement unit 100 may be configured with a wearable finger fluorescence detection device 110, the core of which is a portable fiber optic spectrometer including two laser sources 111 (wavelengths of 488 nm and 785 nm, respectively) for exciting fluorescence. These two laser sources 111 can be coupled via a bifurcated fiber optic probe to detect fluorescence signals on the skin surface. At the laser output end, a bandpass filter and a neutral density (ND) filter are used to clean the emission spectrum and limit the optical power within a safe range (maximum 63 μW), ensuring the device is harmless to the human body and meets eye safety standards. The fluorescence signal is collected by the detection channel of the fiber optic probe and transmitted to the spectrometer for detection via a multimode fiber. To further reduce the influence of background noise, a long-pass filter can be installed in the emission filter wheel to exclude any scattered laser photons. During each measurement, the finger fluorescence detection device 110 can automatically determine the integration time to ensure a sufficient signal-to-noise ratio. Typically, the finger fluorescence detection device 110 reaches the desired signal intensity threshold by multiple integrations (500 ms each) and summing the results. In addition, a backscattered laser signal is recorded at each time point (1ms integration time, 50 averages) for subsequent data normalization. Furthermore, for ease of operation, the fiber optic probe can be fixed to a 3D-printed wearable bracket and secured to the patient's index finger with two Velcro straps. This design not only ensures gentle contact between the probe and the skin but also provides a stable measurement environment, avoiding data fluctuations caused by slight movements.

[0051] Preferably, before using the fluorescence measurement unit 100 for fluorescence detection, medical personnel can adjust the wavelength range according to the fluorescent marker used to match the optimal excitation and emission wavelengths. This process ensures that the fluorescence signal can be captured efficiently, thereby improving detection accuracy. For example, when using fluorophore as a marker, selecting a 488nm laser as the excitation source and using a bandpass filter to limit the emission wavelength to the 500~580nm range can effectively avoid background noise interference and obtain a clear fluorescence signal.

[0052] After the patient ingests the fluorescently labeled substance, the fluorescence measurement unit 100 begins continuous fluorescence intensity measurements until the night before surgery to cover the entire gastric emptying process. To ensure data accuracy and reliability, the system is automatically calibrated before each measurement, adjusting the laser power and achieving a sufficient signal-to-noise ratio through multiple integration times. Furthermore, to compensate for fluctuations caused by environmental changes or minor equipment displacements, each measurement also includes recording the backscattered laser signal, which is used for subsequent data normalization processing.

[0053] All collected fluorescence data are automatically uploaded to the processor 120 of the fluorescence measurement unit 100 for data analysis and processing. First, background values ​​are subtracted from the average intensity within each wavelength range, and then the remaining signal is integrated to generate fluorescence intensity values ​​at each time point. These raw data are further normalized by their ratio to the backscattered laser signal to eliminate the influence of laser power fluctuations and other external factors. Next, the trend of fluorescence intensity over time is analyzed to generate a gastric emptying curve or gastric emptying trend line. This model not only considers the time-series changes in fluorescence intensity but also incorporates other physiological parameters such as the patient's real-time blood glucose level and body mass index (BMI), making the prediction results more accurate and personalized.

[0054] To validate the model's effectiveness, the processor 120 can also compare the generated gastric emptying trend line with existing standard trend lines, such as by comparing it with the results of an acetaminophen absorption test, ensuring the reliability and accuracy of the new method. Furthermore, the processor 120 has a dynamic adjustment mechanism, allowing healthcare professionals to update dietary guidance promptly based on the latest patient information, ensuring that each patient receives the optimal preoperative preparation plan.

[0055] Preferably, the processor 120 of the fluorescence measurement unit 100 can be communicatively connected to the interaction unit 400 to achieve information exchange. Further, the processor 120 of the fluorescence measurement unit 100 can also be communicatively connected to the diet planning unit 200 to send the obtained gastric emptying rate and gastric emptying trend line to the diet planning unit 200 for subsequent analysis. The fluorescence measurement unit 100 can also send detailed patient-related information transmitted from the interaction unit 400 to the diet planning unit 200. Detailed patient-related information can also be sent directly from the interaction unit 400 to the diet planning unit 200.

[0056] Preferably, after receiving the gastric emptying curve data, the diet planning unit 200 can further generate a personalized initial diet plan by looking up a table. This diet plan predicts the optimal eating time and food type based on the patient's gastric emptying rate. For example, if the gastric emptying rate is fast, the system will suggest stopping solid food earlier and allow adequate preoperative drinking of clear fluids, such as water or electrolyte drinks, to maintain fluid balance and energy supply; conversely, if the gastric emptying rate is slow, it may be necessary to stop eating more early to ensure that the stomach is fully empty when surgery begins, reducing the risk of vomiting and aspiration during anesthesia.

[0057] Preferably, the diet planning unit 200, serving as the decision-making and control center, can automatically generate a detailed diet plan, covering specific food types, consumption times, and portion size recommendations, ensuring that each step is clear and easy for patients and medical staff to follow. The diet plan considers not only gastric emptying rate but also factors such as the patient's age, gender, body mass index (BMI), medical history, and medication use. For example, for elderly patients or those with specific health problems, the diet planning unit 200 can recommend milder food choices, avoiding high-fat or difficult-to-digest foods. Furthermore, for different types of patients, the diet planning unit 200 can provide personalized dietary recommendations based on the specific characteristics of their gastric emptying trend. For instance, for patients with a faster gastric emptying rate, the diet planning unit 200 can recommend stopping solid food 6 hours before surgery and allowing a moderate amount of clear liquid to be consumed within 2 hours before surgery; while for patients with a slower gastric emptying rate, it may be necessary to stop eating solid food 8 hours or even longer in advance to ensure surgical safety.

[0058] Preferably, to improve patient compliance and comfort, the diet plan may include specific guidelines on eating times and portion sizes. For example, the diet planning unit 200 may recommend ceasing solid food intake 6 hours before surgery and ceasing clear liquid consumption 2 hours before surgery. Simultaneously, to prevent discomfort due to prolonged fasting, the diet planning unit 200 may recommend moderate consumption of sugary drinks (such as juice or sports drinks) within 4 hours before surgery to maintain energy levels. This approach satisfies the patient's nutritional needs while minimizing surgical risks.

[0059] Preferably, during the preoperative preparation phase, a blood glucose monitoring unit 300 can be used to accurately monitor the patient's blood glucose levels, enabling the diet planning unit 200, which is communicatively connected to the blood glucose monitoring unit 300, to dynamically adjust the diet plan based on the patient's real-time blood glucose levels. The blood glucose monitoring unit 300 is configured as a small, continuous glucose monitoring device 310 (such as a Dexcom G6) that can be worn on the patient's upper arm, ensuring proper skin contact with the sensor to provide continuous and accurate blood glucose readings. Preferably, the blood glucose monitoring unit 300 can automatically receive blood glucose data every 5 minutes and store this data in a central database for subsequent analysis and processing. This high-frequency data acquisition not only reflects the patient's blood glucose fluctuations in a timely manner but also provides a solid foundation for personalized dietary adjustments.

[0060] Preferably, when the blood glucose level is below or above a preset safety range, the blood glucose detection unit 300 can immediately issue an alarm to alert medical staff and patients to potential risks. The diet planning unit 200, upon receiving the patient's real-time blood glucose data (blood glucose level), can also suggest corresponding dietary adjustments, such as... Figure 2As shown. For example, assuming a patient's blood glucose is low 4 hours before surgery, the diet planning unit 200 can dynamically adjust the diet plan based on real-time blood glucose data, suggesting appropriate supplementation with sugary drinks (such as juice or sports drinks) to quickly raise blood glucose levels. Simultaneously, the diet planning unit 200 can recalculate the types and quantities of food that can be consumed in the remaining time, ensuring that the patient's energy needs are met while avoiding the burden of gastric emptying caused by overeating. Specifically, the diet planning unit 200 may recommend drinking an appropriate amount of clear liquid 2 hours before surgery and stopping the intake of all solid foods to ensure surgical safety; conversely, if blood glucose is high, the diet planning unit 200 may suggest reducing food intake, especially limiting high-sugar and high-carbohydrate foods, to prevent further increases in blood glucose.

[0061] Preferably, the diet planning unit 200 corrects the original gastric emptying rate k using the rate of change in blood glucose, and calculates the corrected gastric emptying rate k′ using the following formula:

[0062] ,

[0063] Where k′ is the corrected gastric emptying rate, k is the original gastric emptying rate, α is the blood glucose change rate coefficient, which is used to quantify the effect of blood glucose changes on the gastric emptying rate. This coefficient can be determined through experimental or clinical studies, and ΔBG / Δt is the blood glucose change rate, which represents the amount of blood glucose change per unit time.

[0064] This invention significantly reduces the risk of vomiting and aspiration during anesthesia by precisely controlling preoperative diet. Personalized dietary planning not only meets the patient's nutritional needs but also enhances the overall treatment experience.

[0065] Furthermore, to obtain a more accurate gastric emptying rate, this invention introduces more variables to reflect the influence of different factors on the gastric emptying rate, thereby using a multi-parameter regression model to correct the gastric emptying rate. The mathematical expression of the multi-parameter regression model is as follows:

[0066] ,

[0067] Where k′ is the corrected gastric emptying rate, k is the original gastric emptying rate, α is the rate of change coefficient of blood glucose, used to quantify the effect of blood glucose changes on the gastric emptying rate, and this coefficient can be determined through experimental or clinical studies, ΔBG / Δt is the rate of change of blood glucose, representing the amount of change of blood glucose per unit time, β is the coefficient of difference between the current blood glucose and the target blood glucose, used to quantify the effect of the degree to which the current blood glucose level deviates from the target value on the gastric emptying rate, and BG current This refers to the current blood sugar level, BG. targetThe target blood glucose level can be set to an intermediate value within a safe range. γ is the remaining time coefficient, used to quantify how the gastric emptying rate should be adjusted as the time of surgery approaches. T remaining It is the remaining time (in hours) until the surgery begins.

[0068] The refined formula for correcting gastric emptying rate considers factors influencing gastric emptying rate from different perspectives. First, the blood glucose change rate term (α·ΔBG / Δt) reflects the impact of the rate of change in blood glucose level over time on gastric emptying rate. Second, the difference between current and target blood glucose levels (β·(BG / Δt))... current -BG target This considers how the difference between the current blood glucose level and the ideal target blood glucose level affects the gastric emptying rate. Finally, the residual time effect term (γ·1 / T) remaining This model considers the slowing of gastric emptying rate as the surgery time approaches. This is to ensure that the patient's stomach is fully empty before surgery begins, reducing the risk of vomiting and aspiration during anesthesia. By comprehensively considering these three factors—glucose variability, the difference between current and target blood glucose levels, and the remaining time effect—gastric emptying rate can be adjusted more precisely, resulting in a more personalized and scientifically sound dietary plan. This multivariate model not only considers short-term blood glucose fluctuations but also takes into account long-term trends and the urgency of surgery time, providing a more comprehensive and personalized medical service.

[0069] For example, the data collection was based on a clinical study of 125 patients undergoing surgery under local anesthesia, with the sample age ranging from 18 to 75 years (mean 44.6 ± 13.2) and BMI ranging from 18.5 to 34.9 kg / m². 2 (Mean 27.8±3.9), including 18 diabetic patients (fasting blood glucose >126 mg / dL). Fluorescence intensity data were recorded every 2 minutes using a wearable fiber optic spectrometer, and the baseline value of gastric emptying rate was verified simultaneously using the ultrasound antral area method. Dynamic blood glucose data were collected by a continuous glucose meter such as the Abbott dynamic glucose meter or the domestic Dexcom G6 sensor, and transmitted in real time to the central processor via a mobile APP. During data preprocessing, a Butterworth low-pass filter was used to eliminate high-frequency noise, and cases missing more than 10% of time points were removed. The valid data were then completed using cubic spline interpolation and divided into a training set (88 cases) and a validation set (37 cases) in a 7:3 ratio.

[0070] The model coefficients were determined through clinical studies. α = 0.015 ± 0.002, reflecting the short-term impact weight of the rate of blood glucose change; β = 0.008 ± 0.001, characterizing the regulatory strength of the current blood glucose deviation from the target value; and γ = 1.2 ± 0.15, quantifying the inhibitory effect of the time approaching surgery on the emptying rate.

[0071] Coefficient optimization employs grid search combined with five-fold cross-validation, within the parameter space of α∈[0.01,0.03] (step size 0.002), β∈[0.005,0.012] (step size 0.001), and γ∈[0.8,1.6] (step size 0.05), aiming to minimize the composite loss function L=0.6|k′-k ref |+0.4|ΔT 1 / 2 | is the target, where k ref The value is the ultrasound verification value, ΔT. 1 / 2 The time bias is considered as half-empty time. The optimization process uses the L-BFGS algorithm for iterative calculation, introducing an L2 regularization term of λ=0.005 to prevent overfitting. The final parameter combination α=0.015, β=0.008, γ=1.2 achieves the lowest loss value (MAE=0.0021%·min) on the validation set. -1 Typical application examples show that at the original rate k = 0.02%·min -1 Given a blood glucose change rate ΔBG / Δt = -0.05 mg / dL / min, a current blood glucose deviation from the target value of 10 mg / dL, and 3 hours remaining in the surgery, the system calculates a correction rate k′≈0.0191%·min. -1 Dynamically adjusting the diet plan reduced the preoperative aspiration rate to 0.9%.

[0072] Preferably, such as Figure 2 As shown, the diet planning unit 200 can generate a modified gastric emptying trend line based on the modified gastric emptying rate, thereby adjusting the patient's meal timing and food type planning. Preferably, as Figure 3 As shown, the diet planning unit 200 can send the gastric emptying trend line before and after correction, as well as the diet plan, to the interaction unit 400 for visualization to patients and / or healthcare personnel through the user interface of the interaction unit 400.

[0073] It should be noted that the specific embodiments described above are exemplary. Those skilled in the art can devise various solutions inspired by the disclosure of this invention, and these solutions all fall within the scope of this invention and its protection. Those skilled in the art should understand that this specification and its accompanying drawings are illustrative and do not constitute a limitation on the claims. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents. This specification contains multiple inventive concepts; phrases such as "preferred" or "according to a preferred embodiment" indicate that the corresponding paragraph discloses an independent concept. The applicant reserves the right to file divisional applications based on each inventive concept. Throughout the text, the feature introduced by "preferred" is only an optional mode and should not be construed as mandatory. Therefore, the applicant reserves the right to abandon or delete relevant preferred features at any time.

Claims

1. A preoperative dietary planning system for local anesthesia interventional procedures, characterized in that, It includes: The fluorescence measurement unit (100), equipped with a transcutaneous fluorescence measurement device and a data processing unit, is configured to determine the gastric emptying trend line of the patient using the fluorescence indication method during the preoperative planning stage. The transcutaneous fluorescence measurement device acquires the fluorescence signal on the skin surface through a bifurcated fiber probe coupled with a dual-wavelength laser source, and the data processing unit generates the gastric emptying trend line using a multi-parameter regression model. The diet planning unit (200) is configured to generate a plan for the patient's eating time and type of food based on the patient's gastric emptying trend line and the scheduled surgical time; A blood glucose detection unit (300) is configured to monitor a patient's blood glucose in real time, wherein, The diet planning unit (200) is further configured to personalize the patient's gastric emptying rate based on the real-time monitoring value of the patient's blood glucose, map the blood glucose parameters to the gastric emptying rate correction factor through a nonlinear compensation algorithm, and reconstruct the dynamic gastric emptying curve based on the corrected gastric emptying rate, thereby adjusting the patient's eating time and food type planning. The corrected gastric emptying rate is calculated using the following formula: Where k′ is the corrected gastric emptying rate, k is the original gastric emptying rate, α is the blood glucose change rate coefficient, used to quantify the effect of blood glucose changes on the gastric emptying rate, and ΔBG / Δt is the blood glucose change rate, representing the amount of blood glucose change per unit time.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an interactive unit (400) that allows medical staff to input patient-related details through the interactive unit (400) during the preoperative planning phase. These patient-related details include age, gender, weight, height, medical history, and medication use.

3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The interactive unit (400) can send the acquired patient-related detailed information to the fluorescence measurement unit (100), so that the fluorescence measurement unit (100) can generate a fluorescence detection scheme adapted to the current patient after analysis, and formulate a detailed dosing guide accordingly. The dosing guide includes the recommended fluorescent markers and their concentrations, as well as the specified time for taking the markers.

4. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fluorescence measurement unit (100) is equipped with a wearable finger fluorescence detection device (110), which includes two laser sources (111) for exciting fluorescence. These two laser sources (111) are coupled through a bifurcated fiber optic probe to detect fluorescence signals on the patient's skin surface. The fluorescence signals are collected by the detection channel of the fiber optic probe and transmitted to a spectrometer for detection through a multimode fiber to collect fluorescence data.

5. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The fluorescence data collected by the finger fluorescence detection device (110) can be uploaded to the processor (120) of the fluorescence measurement unit (100) to calculate the trend of fluorescence intensity over time and generate a gastric emptying trend line characterizing the gastric emptying rate.

6. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that, After the gastric emptying trend line generated by the fluorescence measurement unit (100) is sent to the diet planning unit (200), the diet planning unit (200) can predict the optimal eating time and food type based on the patient's gastric emptying rate, thereby generating a personalized initial diet plan. The diet planning unit (200) can take into account the patient's relevant information when generating the personalized initial diet plan.

7. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The blood glucose detection unit (300) is configured as a continuous blood glucose monitoring device (310) that can be worn on the patient's upper arm to achieve accurate monitoring of the patient's blood glucose level. The blood glucose detection unit (300) can send the patient's real-time blood glucose data to the diet planning unit (200) and issue an alarm when the blood glucose value is lower or higher than a preset safety range to alert medical staff and patients to potential risks.

8. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The diet planning unit (200) that receives the patient’s real-time blood glucose data can use the rate of change in blood glucose to correct the original gastric emptying rate and suggest corresponding dietary adjustments based on the corrected gastric emptying rate.

9. The system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The diet planning unit (200) can refine and modify the original gastric emptying rate based on the combined effects of three factors: the rate of change of blood glucose, the difference between the current blood glucose and the target blood glucose, and the remaining time effect. The diet planning unit (200) can generate a modified gastric emptying trend line based on the modified gastric emptying rate, thereby adjusting the patient's eating time and food type planning.

10. The system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The diet planning unit (200) can send the gastric emptying trend line before and after the correction and the diet plan to the interaction unit (400) for visualization to patients and / or healthcare personnel through the user interface of the interaction unit (400).

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