A reversible solid oxide battery with a superalloy material as a support and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of solid oxide batteries, and particularly to a reversible solid oxide battery with a superalloy material as a support and a preparation method thereof. From bottom to top, it includes a superalloy support, a porous cathode, a thin film electrolyte sheet, and a porous anode. A through hole 1 is provided in the middle of the superalloy support, and through holes 2 are evenly distributed on the periphery of the through hole 1. The superalloy used for the superalloy support is a single crystal superalloy. By adopting the above-mentioned reversible solid oxide battery with a superalloy material as a support and the preparation method thereof, the present invention solves the problems that the support of the existing metal-supported solid oxide battery is prone to oxidation and performance degradation at high temperatures, as well as the problems of limited preparation process, unreasonable battery configuration and gas flow field design, etc., and improves the long-term stability and service life of the battery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of solid oxide batteries, and in particular to a reversible solid oxide battery supported by a superalloy material and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As an energy conversion device integrating the advantages of high efficiency, stability, environmental friendliness, strong adaptability, all-solid state, etc., the reversible solid oxide battery (RSOC) can directly and efficiently convert surplus clean energy (such as photovoltaic, wind power, hydropower, etc.) into chemical energy in the electrolysis mode (Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells, SOEC) and store it in the form of fuel gas (such as CO, H2, etc.) or high-value derivative products (such as methanol, etc.); it can also efficiently convert the chemical energy in the fuel into electrical energy in the fuel cell mode (Solid Oxide Fuel Cells, SOFC).

[0003] Currently, solid oxide batteries are undergoing a development stage from traditional ceramic-supported (electrolyte-supported) and cermet-supported (fuel electrode-supported) to metal-supported. Compared with traditional configurations, metal-supported SOEC can achieve full thin-filmization of the anode, electrolyte, and cathode, greatly reducing the ohmic impedance and alleviating the stress caused by different thermal expansion coefficients between the electrode and the electrolyte, thereby improving the electrochemical performance of the battery. In addition, existing metal-supported solid oxide batteries mainly use stainless steel materials as metal supports, including 430 stainless steel, Crofer 22 stainless steel, etc. This type of stainless steel material has reached the highest limit of its service temperature at the fuel cell operating temperature (700-800°C). Severe environmental factors will cause high-temperature oxidation of the metal support, resulting in a decline in material performance and further affecting the long-term stability and service life of the battery.

[0004] Superalloys are widely used in the fields of aviation, aerospace, energy and power, petrochemical industry, and transportation. The research on introducing superalloys into solid oxide cells is still blank, and there is no relevant technical report. Introducing superalloy materials into the field of solid oxide cells can not only meet the requirements of the metal support for stable service at high temperatures, but also be a new exploration and attempt. However, the traditional preparation methods of metal supports are difficult to meet the diverse requirements for the structure and performance of the supports, which limits the further improvement of battery performance. The traditional tape casting method is mainly applicable to materials with good plasticity and easy formability. For some special metal materials, such as superalloys with complex crystal structures and special physical properties, the tape casting method cannot make them spread evenly and form, and it is difficult to prepare supports with specific structures and functions. In addition, other traditional preparation processes, such as powder metallurgy, also have problems such as difficult sintering and inaccurate control of porosity when facing superalloys. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a reversible solid oxide cell with a superalloy material as the support and its preparation method, to solve the problems of easy oxidation and performance degradation of the support of existing metal-supported solid oxide cells at high temperatures, as well as limited preparation processes, unreasonable battery configuration and gas flow field design, etc., and to improve the long-term stability and service life of the battery.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a reversible solid oxide cell with a superalloy material as the support, which includes a superalloy support, a porous cathode, a thin film electrolyte sheet, and a porous anode from bottom to top. A through hole 1 is opened in the middle of the superalloy support, and through holes 2 are evenly distributed on the periphery of the through hole 1. The superalloy used for the superalloy support is a single crystal superalloy, and by weight percentage, it includes the following components: C 0.05 - 0.1%, Cr 11.5 - 12.5%, Co 8.5 - 9.5%, W 3.5 - 4.5%, Mo 1.5 - 2.5%, Al 3.0 - 4.0%, Ti 3.5 - 4.5%, Ta 4.5 - 5.5%, and the rest is Ni.

[0007] The single crystal superalloy used in the present invention has a highly ordered crystal structure, and the atoms are arranged closely and regularly, which greatly reduces the atomic diffusion rate, significantly improves its oxidation resistance, and has excellent high-temperature strength and thermal fatigue resistance, and can effectively resist the action of thermal stress. The alloying elements inside the superalloy will react with oxygen preferentially at high temperatures to form a dense and strongly adherent oxide protective film on the surface. This protective film can not only prevent oxygen from further diffusing inward, but also has a similar thermal expansion coefficient to the base metal, and can maintain good stability during the thermal cycle, thus avoiding the damage of the support caused by the rupture of the oxide film and providing a stable structural support for the battery.

[0008] Preferably, the material of the porous cathode is doped cerium oxide Fe 0.1 Sm 0.1 Ce 0.8 O 1.9 ; the material of the porous anode is a composite phase of La 0.6 Sr 0.4 Co 0.8 Fe 0.2 O 3-δ and Sm 0.2 Ce 0.8 O 1.9 , where δ is the content of oxygen vacancies.

[0009] Preferably, the material of the porous anode is a composite phase of NiO and (Y2O3) 0.08 Zr 0.92 O2, and the material of the porous cathode is a composite phase of La 0.6 Sr 0.4 Co 0.8 Fe 0.2 O 3-δ and Sm 0.2 Ce 0.8 O 1.9 .

[0010] Preferably, the material of the thin film electrolyte sheet is (Y2O3) 0.08 Zr 0.92 O2.

[0011] The present invention also provides a preparation method of the above-mentioned reversible solid oxide battery with a superalloy material as a support, including the following steps,

[0012] S1. Prepare a thin film electrolyte sheet;

[0013] S2. Prepare a porous cathode and assemble the porous cathode on the surface of the thin film electrolyte sheet;

[0014] S3. Prepare a porous anode and assemble the porous anode on the other surface of the thin film electrolyte sheet to obtain a membrane electrode thin sheet;

[0015] S4. Prepare a superalloy support, process a single crystal superalloy into a wafer, and then open through hole 1 and through hole 2 on the wafer, and polish the inner walls of through hole 1 and through hole 2 to obtain a superalloy support with a smooth surface;

[0016] S5. Prepare a solid oxide battery, fixedly connect the superalloy support to the lower side of the membrane electrode thin sheet to obtain a solid oxide battery.

[0017] Preferably, in S1, the preparation of the thin film electrolyte sheet is to configure the electrolyte sheet material into a casting slurry, prepare a green casting body, then punch or cut the green body to obtain a small sample, and finally sinter the small sample at high temperature to obtain the thin film electrolyte sheet.

[0018] Preferably, in S2, the preparation of the porous cathode is to configure the cathode material into a slurry by the combustion method, assemble the slurry onto the surface of the thin film electrolyte by spraying or screen printing, and finally perform heat treatment to obtain the porous cathode.

[0019] Preferably, in S3, the preparation of the porous anode is to mix the anode material evenly by grinding or ball milling and then configure it into a slurry, assemble the slurry onto the other surface of the thin film electrolyte by spraying or screen printing, and finally perform heat treatment to obtain the porous anode.

[0020] Preferably, in S4, the radius of the wafer is 10.0 - 12.0 mm, the thickness of the wafer is 0.1 - 0.3 mm, the radius of the first through hole is 5 - 6 mm, and the radius of the second through hole is 1.2 - 1.6 mm.

[0021] Preferably, in S5, the fixed connection is one of the metal oxide reduction method, the brazing method, and the conductive adhesive bonding method.

[0022] Advantages of the present invention:

[0023] (1) In the present invention, a single crystal superalloy is introduced as a material into the solid oxide battery to prepare a support, which significantly improves the stability of the battery in a high - temperature environment, effectively avoids the oxidation problem of the support, and prolongs the service life of the battery.

[0024] (2) The preparation method of the solid oxide battery of the present invention, while not destroying the complete crystal structure of the high - temperature alloy support, ensures that the material still retains its mechanical and thermophysical properties, can meet the diverse requirements for the structure and performance of the high - temperature alloy support, and can achieve standardized and large - scale production, providing technical support for the large - scale application of solid oxide batteries.

[0025] (3) By providing the first through hole and the second through hole on the high - temperature alloy support, the present invention forms an "interdigitated" gas flow field in the reversible solid oxide battery, enabling it to have a smooth gas transmission function, strengthening the gas flow and diffusion in this configuration, forcing the reaction gas to pass through the electrode for full reaction, thereby improving the electrochemical performance. At the same time, the relatively gentle flow rate can also ensure the stable operation of the thin film electrolyte and improve the service life.

[0026] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. Description of the Drawings

[0027] Figure 1It is a schematic structural diagram of a reversible solid oxide battery with a superalloy material as the support in the present invention; Figure 1 Figure a in [reference] is a schematic structural diagram of a reversible solid oxide battery, Figure 1 and figure b in [reference] is a schematic diagram of a superalloy support;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the gas flow field of a reversible solid oxide battery with a superalloy material as the support in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 It is the voltage-current curve and impedance spectrum diagram at open circuit voltage of the metal-supported electrolytic cell prepared in Example 3 of the present invention; Figure 3 Figure a in [reference] is the voltage-current curve, Figure 3 and figure b in [reference] is the impedance spectrum diagram at open circuit voltage;

[0030] Figure 4 It is the voltage-current curve and impedance spectrum diagram at open circuit voltage of the metal-supported fuel cell prepared in Example 4 of the present invention; Figure 4 Figure a in [reference] is the voltage-current curve, Figure 4 and figure b in [reference] is the impedance spectrum diagram at open circuit voltage;

[0031] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the stability test of the metal-supported fuel cell prepared in Example 4 of the present invention during constant current discharge at 0.4 A / cm² at 750 °C for 100 h. 2

[0032] Reference numerals:

[0033] 1. Superalloy support; 2. Porous cathode; 3. Thin film electrolyte sheet; 4. Porous anode; 5. First through hole; 6. Second through hole. Detailed implementation manners

[0034] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present invention should have the ordinary meanings understood by those of ordinary skill in the field to which the present invention pertains. The features mentioned above in the present invention or the features mentioned in the specific examples can be combined arbitrarily. These specific embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and not to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0035] A reversible solid oxide battery with a superalloy material as the support body, comprising a superalloy support body, a porous cathode, a thin film electrolyte sheet, and a porous anode from bottom to top. A through hole 1 is provided in the middle of the superalloy support body, and through holes 2 are evenly distributed on the periphery of the through hole 1. The superalloy used for the superalloy support body is a single crystal superalloy, and by weight percentage, it includes the following components: C 0.05 - 0.1%, Cr 11.5 - 12.5%, Co 8.5 - 9.5%, W 3.5 - 4.5%, Mo 1.5 - 2.5, Al 3.0 - 4.0%, Ti 3.5 - 4.5%, Ta 4.5 - 5.5%, and the rest is Ni.

[0036] Preferably, the material of the porous cathode is doped cerium oxide Fe 0.1 Sm 0.1 Ce 0.8 O 1.9 ; the material of the porous anode is a composite phase of La 0.6 Sr 0.4 Co 0.8 Fe 0.2 O 3-δ and Sm 0.2 Ce 0.8 O 1.9 , where δ is the content of oxygen vacancies.

[0037] Preferably, the material of the porous anode is a composite phase of NiO and (Y2O3) 0.08 Zr 0.92 O2, and the material of the porous cathode is a composite phase of La 0.6 Sr 0.4 Co 0.8 Fe 0.2 O 3-δ and Sm 0.2 Ce 0.8 O 1.9 .

[0038] Preferably, the material of the thin film electrolyte sheet is (Y2O3) 0.08 Zr 0.92 O2.

[0039] In some embodiments of the present invention, the single crystal superalloy is the DD413 single crystal superalloy prepared by the Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

[0040] The present invention also provides a preparation method for the above-mentioned reversible solid oxide battery with a superalloy material as the support body, including the following steps,

[0041] S1. Prepare a thin film electrolyte sheet;

[0042] S2. Prepare a porous cathode and assemble the porous cathode onto the surface of the thin film electrolyte sheet;

[0043] S3. Prepare a porous anode, assemble the porous anode onto the other surface of the thin film electrolyte sheet to obtain a membrane electrode thin sheet.

[0044] S4. Prepare a superalloy support. Process a single crystal superalloy into a wafer, then open a first through hole and a second through hole on the wafer, and polish the inner walls of the first through hole and the second through hole to obtain a superalloy support with a smooth surface.

[0045] S5. Prepare a solid oxide battery. Fix and connect the superalloy support to the lower side of the membrane electrode thin sheet to obtain a solid oxide battery.

[0046] Preferably, in S1, when preparing the thin film electrolyte sheet, configure the electrolyte sheet material into a casting slurry, prepare a green casting body, then punch or cut the green body to obtain a small sample, and finally sinter the small sample at a high temperature to obtain the thin film electrolyte sheet.

[0047] Preferably, in S2, when preparing the porous cathode, configure the cathode material into a slurry by the combustion method, assemble the slurry onto the surface of the thin film electrolyte by spraying or screen printing, and finally perform heat treatment to obtain the porous cathode.

[0048] Preferably, in S3, when preparing the porous anode, configure the anode material into a slurry by the combustion method, then mix it evenly by grinding or ball milling, assemble the slurry onto the other surface of the thin film electrolyte by spraying or screen printing, and finally perform heat treatment to obtain the porous anode.

[0049] In some embodiments of the present invention, the thin film electrolyte sheet, the porous cathode, and the porous anode in steps S1 - S3 are prepared by the preparation method of the high-performance ultra-thin positive electrode - electrolyte - negative electrode solid oxide battery and its preparation method in Patent CN202211030216.3.

[0050] In some embodiments of the present invention, in S4, use wire cutting to obtain a sheet blank with a thickness of 0.5 - 0.7 mm from a single crystal superalloy material rod, and then process the thick sheet blank into a wafer using a numerical control machine tool.

[0051] Preferably, in S4, the radius of the wafer is 10.0 - 12.0 mm, the thickness of the wafer is 0.1 - 0.3 mm, the radius of the first through hole is 5 - 6 mm, and the radius of the second through hole is 1.2 - 1.6 mm.

[0052] In some embodiments of the present invention, when opening the first through hole and the second through hole in S4, first use the electric discharge machining technology to burn through at the centers of the preset first through hole and the second through hole on the wafer, and then thread a wire cutting wire through the perforation, and walk the wire from the inside to take out the first through hole and the second through hole.

[0053] Preferably, the fixed connection in S5 is one of the metal oxide reduction method, brazing method, and conductive adhesive bonding method. The present invention does not further limit the metal oxide reduction method, brazing method, and conductive adhesive bonding method, and those well-known to those skilled in the art can be used.

[0054] In some embodiments of the present invention, the metal oxide reduction method is to coat an appropriate amount of metal oxide slurry (such as iron oxide, nickel oxide, etc.) on one side of the membrane electrode thin sheet, attach the superalloy support to one side of the metal oxide slurry, dry it and then place it in a tubular furnace with a reducing atmosphere for heating and reduction, and a solid oxide battery connected by a metal single crystal network can be obtained.

[0055] Example 1

[0056] As Figure 1 - Figure 2 shown, the present invention provides a reversible solid oxide battery with a superalloy material as the support, which is constructed from bottom to top to include a superalloy support 1, a porous cathode 2 (Fe 0.1 Sm 0.1 Ce 0.8 O 1.9 ), a thin film electrolyte sheet 3 ((Y2O3) 0.08 Zr 0.92 O2) and a porous anode 4 (La 0.6 Sr 0.4 Co 0.8 Fe 0.2 O 3-δ and Sm 0.2 Ce 0.8 O 1.9 of the composite phase), and the electrolytic gas mixture is CO and CO2 with a volume ratio of 3:7.

[0057] A through hole 5 is provided in the middle of the superalloy support 1, and through holes 6 are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the through hole 5. The superalloy used for the superalloy support 1 is a single crystal superalloy, and includes the following components by weight percentage: C 0.05%, Cr 11.5%, Co 8.5%, W 3.5%, Mo 1.5%, Al 3.0%, Ti 3.5%, Ta 4.5%, and the rest is Ni.

[0058] Example 2

[0059] The present invention provides a reversible solid oxide battery with a superalloy material as the support, which is constructed from bottom to top to include a superalloy support 1, a porous cathode 2 (Fe 0.1 Sm 0.1 Ce 0.8 O 1.9 ), a thin film electrolyte sheet 3 ((Y2O3) 0.08 Zr0.92 O2) and porous anode 4 (La 0.6 Sr 0.4 Co 0.8 Fe 0.2 O 3-δ and Sm 0.2 Ce 0.8 O 1.9 The composite phase of) is a metal-supported electrolytic cell, and the electrolytic gas mixture is CO and CO2 with a volume ratio of 3:7.

[0060] A through hole 5 is provided in the middle of the superalloy support 1, and through holes 2 6 are evenly distributed on the periphery of the through hole 5. The superalloy used for the superalloy support 1 is a single crystal superalloy, and includes the following components by weight percentage: C 0.1%, Cr 12.5%, Co 9.5%, W 4.5%, Mo 2.5, Al 4.0%, Ti 4.5%, Ta 5.5%, and the rest is Ni.

[0061] Example 3

[0062] The present invention provides a reversible solid oxide battery with a superalloy material as a support, which is constructed from bottom to top including a superalloy support 1, a porous cathode 2 (Fe 0.1 Sm 0.1 Ce 0.8 O 1.9 ), a thin film electrolyte sheet 3 ((Y2O3) 0.08 Zr 0.92 O2) and a porous anode 4 (La 0.6 Sr 0.4 Co 0.8 Fe 0.2 O 3-δ and Sm 0.2 Ce 0.8 O 1.9 The composite phase of) is a metal-supported electrolytic cell, and the electrolytic gas mixture is CO and CO2 with a volume ratio of 3:7.

[0063] A through hole 5 is provided in the middle of the superalloy support 1, and through holes 2 6 are evenly distributed on the periphery of the through hole 5. The superalloy used for the superalloy support 1 is a single crystal superalloy, and includes the following components by weight percentage: C 0.08%, Al 3.6%, Ti 4.1%, Ta 5%, Cr 12%, W 3.8%, Mo 1.9%, Co 9%, and the rest is Ni.

[0064] Such as Figure 2As shown, through-hole 15 is an air inlet hole, through-hole 16 is an exhaust hole, and a porous electrode (porous cathode 2 and porous anode 4) serves as a transmission path between through-hole 15 and through-hole 16, forming an "interdigitated" gas flow field. When testing the battery, it is only necessary to insert the used inlet pipe into the central through-hole 15, which can force the reactants to fully contact the catalyst, improve the utilization rate of raw materials, save costs, and the "interdigitated" gas flow field only requires a very small gas flow rate, and a relatively gentle flow rate can also ensure the stable operation of the thin-film electrolyte and improve the service life of the battery.

[0065] Example 4

[0066] The present invention provides a reversible solid oxide battery with a superalloy material as a support, which is constructed from bottom to top including a superalloy support 1, a porous anode 4 (a composite phase of NiO and (Y2O3) 0.08 Zr 0.92 O2), a thin-film electrolyte sheet 3 ((Y2O3) 0.08 Zr 0.92 O2) and a porous cathode 2 (a composite phase of La 0.6 Sr 0.4 Co 0.8 Fe 0.2 O 3-δ and Sm 0.2 Ce 0.8 O 1.9 ), and uses H2 as fuel.

[0067] A through-hole 15 is provided in the middle of the superalloy support 1, and through-holes 16 are evenly distributed on the periphery of the through-hole 15. The superalloy used for the superalloy support 1 is a single-crystal superalloy, and by weight percentage, it includes the following components: Al 3.6%, Ti 4.1%, Ta 5%, Cr 12%, W 3.8%, Mo 1.9%, Co 9%, and the rest is Ni.

[0068] Example 5

[0069] The present invention provides a method for preparing a reversible solid oxide battery with a superalloy material as a support, including the following steps:

[0070] S1. Prepare the thin-film electrolyte sheet 3. Configure the electrolyte sheet material into a casting slurry, prepare a casting green body, then punch or cut the green body to obtain small samples, and finally sinter the small samples at high temperature to obtain the thin-film electrolyte sheet 3;

[0071] S2. Prepare the porous cathode 2. Configure the cathode material into a slurry, apply the slurry to the surface of the thin-film electrolyte by spraying or screen printing, and finally perform heat treatment to obtain the porous cathode 2;

[0072] S3. Prepare the porous anode 4. Configure the anode material into a slurry by the combustion method, then mix it evenly by grinding or ball milling. Assemble the slurry onto the other surface of the thin film electrolyte by spraying or screen printing, and finally perform heat treatment to obtain the porous anode 4, thus preparing the membrane electrode thin sheet.

[0073] S4. Prepare the superalloy support 1. Use wire cutting to obtain a thick sheet blank from the single crystal superalloy material rod, then process the thick sheet blank into a circular sheet with a radius of 12.0 mm and a thickness of 0.3 mm by a numerical control machine tool. Then, use the electric discharge drilling technology to burn through at the centers of the through hole 5 with a preset radius of 6 mm and the through hole 6 with a radius of 1.6 mm on the circular sheet. Preset the wire cutting wire through the perforation, and take out the through hole 5 and the through hole 6 by routing from the inside, and polish the inner walls of the through hole 5 and the through hole 6 to obtain the superalloy support 1 with a smooth surface.

[0074] S5. Prepare the solid oxide battery. Fix and connect the superalloy support 1 to the lower side of the membrane electrode thin sheet to obtain the solid oxide battery.

[0075] Performance Testing

[0076] Test the voltage-current curve and the impedance spectrum at open circuit voltage of the metal-supported electrolytic cell prepared in Example 3. The results are as Figure 3 shown. At 850 °C, the current density for electrolyzing the mixed gas at a voltage of 1.5 V reaches 2 A / cm 2 , and the ohmic impedance is only 0.2 Ω·cm 2 . It shows that the metal-supported electrolytic cell prepared in Example 3 has good thermal stability and high temperature resistance.

[0077] Test the voltage-current curve and the impedance spectrum at open circuit voltage of the metal-supported fuel cell prepared in Example 4. The results are as Figure 4 shown. The maximum power density at 850 °C is 0.86 W / cm 2 , indicating that the fuel cell supported by the superalloy prepared in Example 4 has good thermal stability and electrochemical stability at high temperatures.

[0078] Test the stability of the metal-supported fuel cell prepared in Example 4 during constant current discharge at 0.4 A / cm 2 for 100 h at 750 °C. The results are as Figure 5 shown. During the process of constant current discharge at 0.4 A / cm 2 at 750 °C, the voltage has a small drop in the initial stage, and then quickly tends to be stable. During the entire 100 h test time, the voltage basically remains at about 0.4 V, with very small fluctuations. It shows that the fuel cell supported by the superalloy prepared in Example 4 has good stability.

[0079] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify or equivalently replace the technical solutions of the present invention, and such modifications or equivalent replacements cannot make the modified technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A reversible solid oxide battery with a superalloy material as a support body, characterized in that: From bottom to top, it includes a superalloy support, a porous cathode, a thin-film electrolyte sheet, and a porous anode. A through-hole 1 is provided in the middle of the superalloy support, and through-holes 2 are evenly distributed on the periphery of the through-hole 1. The superalloy used for the superalloy support is a single-crystal superalloy, and its composition by weight percentage includes the following components: C 0.05 - 0.1%, Cr 11.5 - 12.5%, Co 8.5 - 9.5%, W 3.5 - 4.5%, Mo 1.5 - 2.5%, Al 3.0 - 4.0%, Ti 3.5 - 4.5%, Ta 4.5 - 5.5%, and the rest is Ni.

2. The reversible solid oxide battery with a superalloy material as the support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the porous cathode is doped cerium oxide Fe 0.1 Sm 0.1 Ce 0.8 O 1.9 ; The material of the porous anode is a composite phase of La 0.6 Sr 0.4 Co 0.8 Fe 0.2 O 3-δ and Sm 0.2 Ce 0.8 O 1.9 , where δ is the content of oxygen vacancies.

3. A reversible solid oxide battery with a superalloy material as a support body according to claim 1, characterized in that: The materials of the porous anode are NiO and (Y2O3). 0.08 Zr 0.92 The composite phase of O2, and the materials of the porous cathode are La 0.6 Sr 0.4 Co 0.8 Fe 0.2 O 3-δ and Sm 0.2 Ce 0.8 O 1.9 composite phase.

4. A reversible solid oxide cell with a superalloy material as a support body according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The material of the thin film electrolyte sheet is (Y2O3) 0.08 Zr 0.92 O2 5. A method for preparing a reversible solid oxide battery with a superalloy material as a support according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1. Prepare the thin-film electrolyte sheet; S2. Prepare the porous cathode and assemble the porous cathode onto the surface of the thin-film electrolyte sheet; S3. Prepare the porous anode and assemble the porous anode onto the other surface of the thin-film electrolyte sheet to obtain a membrane electrode thin sheet; S4. Prepare the superalloy support. Process the single-crystal superalloy into a wafer, then drill through-hole 1 and through-holes 2 on the wafer, and polish the inner walls of through-hole 1 and through-holes 2 to obtain a superalloy support with a smooth surface; S5. Prepare the solid oxide battery. Fix and connect the superalloy support to the lower side of the membrane electrode thin sheet to obtain the solid oxide battery.

6. The preparation method of a reversible solid oxide battery with a superalloy material as a support according to claim 5, characterized in that: In S1, the preparation of the thin-film electrolyte sheet is to configure the electrolyte sheet material into a casting slurry, prepare a cast green body, then punch or cut the green body to obtain a small sample, and finally sinter the small sample at a high temperature to obtain the thin-film electrolyte sheet.

7. The preparation method of a reversible solid oxide battery with a superalloy material as a support according to claim 5, characterized in that: In S2, the preparation of the porous cathode is to configure the cathode material into a slurry by the combustion method, apply the slurry onto the surface of the thin-film electrolyte by spraying or screen printing, and finally perform heat treatment to obtain the porous cathode.

8. The preparation method of a reversible solid oxide battery with a superalloy material as a support according to claim 5, characterized in that: In S3, the preparation of the porous anode is to configure the anode material into a slurry by the combustion method, then mix it evenly by grinding or ball milling, apply the slurry onto the other surface of the thin-film electrolyte by spraying or screen printing, and finally perform heat treatment to obtain the porous anode.

9. The preparation method of a reversible solid oxide battery with a superalloy material as a support according to claim 5, characterized in that: In S4, the radius of the wafer is 10.0 - 12.0 mm, the thickness of the wafer is 0.1 - 0.3 mm, the radius of through-hole 1 is 5 - 6 mm, and the radius of through-holes 2 is 1.2 - 1.6 mm.

10. The preparation method of a reversible solid oxide battery with a superalloy material as a support according to claim 5, characterized in that: In S5, the fixed connection is to use one of the metal oxide reduction method, brazing method, and conductive adhesive bonding method.

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