Device preparation method of nano friction generator applying 3D printing

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing, in particular to a device manufacturing method for applying 3D printing to a nanometer friction generator, and the device comprises a mechanical system, an electronic control system and a material system. The 3D printer is characterized in that the material system comprises a small stepping motor, a first nozzle, a second nozzle, a temperature sensor and a heater, the small stepping motor is fixed on the spray head assembly, the first nozzle and the second nozzle are different in aperture, and the temperature sensor and the heater correspond to each other and are used for printing ABS plastic or thermoplastic polyurethane rubber threads and silver or copper nano metal wires respectively; the method has the beneficial effects that the production cost is greatly reduced, the production and manufacturing process is simplified, generator elements can be quickly, efficiently and cheaply produced, the method is particularly suitable for a demand scene of small-batch production, and a new way is developed for production and application of the nano friction generator.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing, and specifically relates to a preparation method of a device for applying 3D printing to a nanogenerator. Background Art

[0002] 3D printing technology (referred to as additive manufacturing, rapid prototyping, etc. in the academic field) is to obtain the constraints, paths, and methods of stacking through discrete analysis of CAD data, and form a three-dimensional solid model through material stacking. Typical processes include: 1. Stereolithography Apparatus (abbreviated as SLA); a method of forming by irradiating a photocurable liquid resin little by little with a laser to cure it; 2. Laminated Object Manufacturing (abbreviated as LOM); using a laser to cut foil materials, and the foil materials are bonded by melting the hot melt adhesive under the pressure and heat transfer of a hot press roller, and stacking layer by layer to manufacture a prototype; 3. Selective Laser Sintering (abbreviated as SLS); using a laser to sinter powder materials point by point, and melting the solid binder coated on the powder materials or the powder materials themselves to achieve material bonding; 4. Fused Deposition Modeling (abbreviated as FDM), using a filamentous thermoplastic forming material, continuously feeding it into a nozzle and heating and melting it in the nozzle, and gradually stacking and forming, etc.

[0003] A nanogenerator (TENG) is a self-driven energy conversion device. Existing manufacturing methods include: 1. Simple processing with hand tools, selecting two materials with different electron binding abilities as friction materials, usually using polymers and metal oxides, etc.; 2. Using microfabrication technologies such as photolithography and etching to fabricate positive and negative electrodes on two friction materials respectively; 3. Alternately stacking two friction materials, and covering conductive materials on their upper and lower surfaces respectively to form a structure similar to a "sandwich"; 4. Connecting the electrodes of the TENG to an output circuit to transmit the generated electrical energy to external devices; 5. Encapsulating the TENG and its output circuit, etc.

[0004] However, due to the diverse modes and small structures of nanogenerators, there are many drawbacks in existing manufacturing methods. On the one hand, traditional manufacturing methods are costly but have low precision, severely restricting their development and application; on the other hand, for the fabrication of nanogenerators using the vertical contact-separation mode to collect reciprocating mechanical energy to generate electrical energy, existing 3D printing technologies and nanogenerator fabrication methods generally have problems of complex structural devices and large volumes. These problems are particularly prominent in scenarios where rapid prototyping or small-batch production is required. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the existing technology to meet the actual production needs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a device for applying 3D printing to a nanogenerator, comprising a mechanical system, an electronic control system and a material system; the mechanical system consists of a square base, support columns, a workbench, a nozzle assembly, and X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis moving mechanisms; the electronic control system includes a CPU processor module, and the CPU processor module is responsible for receiving instructions transmitted from a computer and controlling the operation of the mechanical system and the material system, characterized in that: the material system includes a small stepping motor fixed on the nozzle assembly, two nozzles with different apertures, namely a first nozzle and a second nozzle, and corresponding temperature sensors and heaters, which are used for printing two kinds of filaments, namely ABS plastic or thermoplastic polyurethane rubber filaments and silver or copper nanometal filaments respectively.

[0006] The nozzle assembly is installed on a nozzle guide rod, and the nozzle guide rod is installed on a Y-axis guide rod. The nozzle assembly is controlled by a servo motor module of the electronic control system and can move in the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions. The nozzle pitch of the nozzle assembly is 5 - 15 mm.

[0007] The small stepping motor is used to drive the wire material to slide down into the heater. The first nozzle and the corresponding temperature sensor and heater are used to melt the ABS plastic or thermoplastic polyurethane rubber filament. The second nozzle and the corresponding temperature sensor and heater are used to melt the silver or copper nanometal filament. The silver or copper nanowire material is a composite filament with plastic-based metal particles uniformly injected therein, and the radial dimension of the silver or copper nanowire is 30 - 60 nm.

[0008] The heater is connected to a sensor extrusion head detection module to adjust the heating temperature and feedback the real-time temperature information of the extrusion head; the small stepping motor control module drives and controls the extruded material; the servo motor drive control module drives the nozzle assembly to move in the XYZ three-dimensional space.

[0009] The X-axis moving mechanism includes a guide rod and a servo motor installed at the end of the guide rod and fixed on the support column, and realizes the forward and backward movement in the Y-axis direction in combination with accessories such as a lead screw and a slider; the Y-axis moving mechanism includes a guide rod and a servo motor installed at the end of the guide rod and fixed on the support column, and realizes the left and right movement in the X-axis direction in combination with accessories such as a lead screw and a slider; the Z-axis moving mechanism includes a guide rod and a servo motor installed at the end of the guide rod and fixed on the square base, and realizes the up and down movement of driving the workbench in the Z-axis direction in combination with accessories such as a lead screw and a slider; the workbench is used to support the objects of the 3D printer.

[0010] The material system also includes a wire feeding tray, which is connected to ABS plastic or thermoplastic polyurethane rubber wire, silver or copper nanowire; the electronic control system also includes a CPU processor module, a power module, a system protection module, an A / D module, a sensor extruder head detection module, a small stepper motor control module and a servo motor drive control module; the power module provides the required power for the 3D printer; the system protection module protects the circuit, cuts off the connection between the power module and the processor module, and ensures the power stability of the entire control system; the A / D module converts analog signals into digital signals; the servo motor drive control module enables the nozzle assembly to move in the XYZ three-dimensional space.

[0011] A preparation method for a nano friction generator using 3D printing, comprising a first generator element and a second generator element; the first generator element uses a polymer with hydrogen bonding, such as a polytetraethylene film layer, combined with a conductive layer, a copper film layer and an insulating substrate layer, and a paperboard laminate to form a square or rectangular unfolded plane, and the two sides are folded inward and bonded to the outside of a cylindrical friction body; the second generator element uses a polymer with a carbonyl group or a carbonate group, such as PVC, combined with a conductive layer, such as a copper film layer and an insulating substrate layer, and a paperboard laminate to form a square or rectangular unfolded plane, and the two sides are folded inward and bonded to the outside of a cylindrical friction body; the first generator element and the second generator element are bonded to a cylindrical rotating rod and rotate back and forth, and friction is generated during rotation to move electrons to generate static electricity, which accumulates to form charges, and positive and negative charges are formed during separation to generate a potential difference, and the charges are collected by the conductive layer to generate electrical energy, characterized in that the prepared generator element circuit conductivity reaches 3.98S / cm, the Young's modulus reaches 12.1MPa, and the elongation at break reaches 7.09%.

[0012] A method for preparing a nano friction generator using 3D printing comprises the following steps:

[0013] S1 selects a nano friction generator element with vertical contact-separation mode, designs and models it using Auto CAD design software, and uses simulation software such as COMSOL to perform motion simulation, force analysis test, and electric potential field distribution simulation test on the model;

[0014] S2 imports the model into the slicing software for slicing and layering, selects the simulation processing method according to the difficulty of model processing, and generates Gcode code;

[0015] S3 imports the generated gcode code into the 3D printer for layer-by-layer printing, with a single layer thickness of 0.05-0.3mm and a nozzle temperature of 180-280℃. If there is a problem in the processing process, return to the first step to re-design and simulate and improve the code;

[0016] S4 loads polytetrafluoroethylene or PVC wire materials and silver or copper nanowire materials into the wire feeding tray of the 3D printer, adjusts the appropriate head temperature, and prints them onto the paper template pre-placed on the surrounding fixture according to the circuit pattern assisted by computer software design.

[0017] The present invention has significant beneficial effects: it abandons the traditional factory production line, and only one desktop-structured 3D printing fused deposition modeling machine is needed to complete the production. This method greatly reduces the production cost, simplifies the production process, and can produce generator components quickly, efficiently and inexpensively, especially suitable for the demand scenarios of small batch production, opening up a new way for the production and application of nano-friction generators. Description of the Drawings

[0018] In the figure: mechanical system 1, electronic control system 2, material system 3, square base 10, support column 20, workbench 30, nozzle assembly 31, wire feeding tray 32, ABS plastic or thermoplastic polyurethane rubber wire material 313, silver or copper nanometal wire material 314, X-axis moving mechanism, Y-axis moving mechanism, Z-axis moving mechanism, guide rod X1, nozzle guide rod X2, servo motor X11, guide rod Y1, servo motor Y11, guide rod Z1, servo motor Z11, small stepping motor 301, first nozzle 311, temperature sensor heater 312a, second nozzle 311a, temperature sensor heater 312b, wire feeding tray 32, CPU processor module 20, power module 21, protection module 22, A / D module 23, sensor extrusion head detection module 24, small stepping motor control 25, servo motor drive control 26, touch panel 201, return control module 202, display module 203, heating module 204, USB module 205, surrounding fixture 40, paper template 41, first generator component 401, polytetrafluoroethylene film layer 4011, copper film layer 4012, insulating base layer cardboard 4013, second generator component 402, PVC 4021.

[0019] Figure 1: is a three-dimensional view of a device applying a 3D printer according to the present invention, clearly showing the overall structure of the mechanical system, including the layout of the square base, support column, workbench, nozzle assembly and each axis moving mechanism.

[0020] Figure 2: is a schematic diagram of the printing nozzle feeding of a device applying a 3D printer according to the present invention, presenting in detail the structure of the nozzle assembly in the material system, including the connection relationship of the small stepping motor, nozzle, temperature sensor, heater and wire feeding tray.

[0021] Figure 3: A control system diagram of an application of a 3D printer according to the present invention, clearly showing the connection relationships between the various modules in the electronic control system, such as the connection methods between the CPU processor module and the power supply module, the system protection module, the A / D module, etc.

[0022] Figure 4: A cross-sectional view of a finished product of a nanogenerator using 3D printing according to the present invention, intuitively presenting the internal structure of the nanogenerator, including the laminated structure of the first generator element and the second generator element and their connection methods with the cylindrical rotating rod. Detailed implementation manners

[0023] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0024] As Figure 1 、 2 A three-dimensional diagram of a device applying a 3D printer according to the present invention, a device applying 3D printing to a nanogenerator, including a mechanical system 1, an electronic control system 2 and a material system 3; the mechanical system 1 is composed of a square base 10, support columns 20, a workbench 30, a nozzle assembly 31, and an X-axis moving mechanism, a Y-axis moving mechanism, and a Z-axis moving mechanism. The electronic control system 2 includes a CPU processor module 20. The CPU processor module is responsible for receiving instructions transmitted from a computer and controlling the operation of the mechanical system and the material system. It is characterized in that: the material system 3 includes a small stepping motor 301 fixed on the nozzle assembly 31, two nozzles with different apertures, a first nozzle 311 and a second nozzle 311a, and corresponding temperature sensors and heaters 312a, 312b for printing two kinds of wire materials, namely ABS plastic or thermoplastic polyurethane rubber wire and silver or copper nano metal wire respectively;

[0025] The nozzle assembly 31 is installed on the nozzle guide rod X2, the nozzle guide rod is installed on the Y-axis guide rod Y1, and the nozzle assembly 31 is controlled by the servo motor module 205 of the electronic control system 2 to realize movement in the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions. The nozzle spacing of the nozzle assembly 31 is 5 - 15 mm;

[0026] The small stepping motor 301 is used to drive the wire material to slide down into the heater 312. The first nozzle 311 and the corresponding temperature sensor and heater 312 are used to melt the ABS plastic or thermoplastic polyurethane rubber wire material. The second nozzle 311a and the corresponding temperature sensor and heater 312b are used to melt the silver or copper nano-metal wire material. The silver or copper nano-wire material is a composite filament with plastic-based metal particles uniformly injected therein, and the radial size of the silver or copper nano-wire is 30 - 60 nm;

[0027] The heater 312 is connected to the sensor extrusion head detection module 24 to adjust the heating temperature and feedback the real-time temperature information of the extrusion head. The small stepping motor control module 25 drives and controls the extrusion of materials. The servo motor drive control module 26 drives the nozzle assembly 31 to move in the XYZ three-dimensional space;

[0028] The X-axis moving mechanism includes a guide rod X1 and a servo motor X11 installed at the end of the guide rod and fixed to the support column 20, and realizes the forward and backward movement in the Y-axis direction in combination with accessories such as a lead screw and slider. The Y-axis moving mechanism includes a guide rod Y1 and a servo motor Y11 installed at the end of the guide rod and fixed to the support column 20, and realizes the left and right movement in the X-axis direction in combination with accessories such as a lead screw and slider. The Z-axis moving mechanism includes a guide rod Z1 and a servo motor Z11 installed at the end of the guide rod and fixed to the square base 10, and realizes the up and down movement of the workbench 30 along the Z-axis direction in combination with accessories such as a lead screw and slider. The workbench 30 is used to support the objects of the 3D printer.

[0029] As Figure 2 、This is a schematic diagram of the feeding of the printing nozzle of a 3D printer according to the present invention. The material system 3 further includes a wire feeding tray 32; the wire feeding tray 32 is connected to the ABS plastic or thermoplastic polyurethane rubber wire material and the silver or copper nano-wire material.

[0030] As Figure 3 、This is a control system diagram of a 3D printer according to the present invention. The electronic control system 2 further includes a CPU processor module 20, a power supply module 21, a system protection module 22, an A / D module 23, a sensor extrusion head detection module 24, a small stepping motor control module 25, and a servo motor drive control module 26; the power supply module provides the required power for the 3D printer; the system protection module 22 protects the circuit and cuts off the connection between the power supply module and the processor module to ensure the power stability of the entire control system; the A / D module 23 converts the analog signal into a digital signal; the servo motor drive control module 26 makes the nozzle assembly move in the XYZ three-dimensional space.

[0031] As Figure 4. is a cross-sectional view of a finished product of a nano friction generator using 3D printing of the present invention, a method for preparing a nano friction generator using 3D printing, which is composed of a first generator element 401 and a second generator element 402: the first generator element 401 uses a polymer with hydrogen bonding, such as a polytetraethylene film layer 4011, combined with a conductive layer copper film layer 4012 and an insulating substrate layer paperboard 4013 to form a square or rectangular unfolded plane, and the two sides are folded inward and bonded to the cylindrical friction body; the second generator element 402 uses a polymer with carbonyl and carbonate groups, such as PVC4021, combined with a conductive layer such as a copper film layer 4012 and an insulating substrate layer paperboard 4013 The stacked combination forms a square or rectangular unfolded plane, and the two sides are folded inward and bonded to the outside of the cylindrical friction body; the first generator element 401 and the second generator element 402 are bonded to the cylindrical rotating rod 403 and rotate back and forth. Friction is generated during rotation to move electrons and generate static electricity. Static electricity accumulates to form electric charges. When separated, positive and negative charges are formed to generate a potential difference. The charges are collected by the conductive layer to generate electrical energy. The characteristic is that the prepared generator element circuit has a conductivity of 3.98S / cm, a Young's modulus of 12.1MPa, and an elongation at break of 7.09%.

[0032] In summary, a method for preparing a nano friction generator using 3D printing using any of the above devices comprises the following steps:

[0033] S1 selects a nano friction generator element with vertical contact-separation mode, designs and models it using Auto CAD design software, and uses simulation software such as COMSOL to perform motion simulation, force analysis test, and electric potential field distribution simulation test on the model;

[0034] S2 imports the model into the slicing software for slicing and layering, selects the simulation processing method according to the difficulty of model processing, and generates Gcode code;

[0035] S3 imports the generated gcode code into the 3D printer for layer-by-layer printing, with a single layer thickness of 0.05-0.3mm and a nozzle temperature of 180-280℃. If there is a problem in the processing process, return to the first step to re-design and simulate and improve the code;

[0036] S4 loads polytetraethylene or PVC filaments and silver or copper nanofilaments into the filament feeding tray of the 3D printer, adjusts the appropriate head temperature, and prints the circuit pattern designed with the aid of computer software onto a paper template with pre-placed fixtures around it.

[0037] The preparation method of the described nano triboelectric generator using 3D printing is characterized in that: a dual-nozzle collaborative control strategy is adopted in steps S1-S4: the nozzle temperature of ABS / TPU is set at 220-250 °C, the nozzle temperature of silver nanowires is 280 °C, the hot bed temperature is 80 °C, the printing speed is 80 mm / s, and the interlayer overlap rate is 30%.

Claims

1. A device for applying 3D printing to a nano friction generator, comprising a mechanical system (1), an electronic control system (2) and a material system (3); the mechanical system (1) is composed of a square base (10), a support column (20), a workbench (30), a nozzle assembly (31), and an X-axis moving mechanism, a Y-axis moving mechanism, and a Z-axis moving mechanism; the electronic control system (2) comprises a CPU processor module (20), the CPU processor module is responsible for receiving instructions from a computer and controlling the operation of the mechanical system and the material system, and is characterized in that: The material system (3) comprises a small stepper motor (301) fixed on a nozzle assembly (31), two nozzles with different apertures, a first nozzle (311) and a second nozzle (311a), and corresponding temperature sensors and heaters (312a) (312b), for respectively printing two types of filaments, namely ABS plastic or thermoplastic polyurethane rubber filaments and silver or copper nanometal filaments.

2. The device for applying 3D printing to a nano friction generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle assembly (31) is mounted on a nozzle guide rod (X2), and the nozzle guide rod is mounted on a Y-axis guide rod (Y1). The nozzle assembly (31) is controlled by a servo module (205) of an electronic control system (2) to achieve movement along the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions. The nozzle spacing of the nozzle assembly (31) is 5-15 mm.

3. The device for applying 3D printing to a nano friction generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The small stepper motor (301) is used to drive the wire material to slide into the heater (312); the first nozzle (311) and the corresponding temperature sensor and heater (312) are used to melt ABS plastic or thermoplastic polyurethane rubber wire material; the second nozzle (311a) and the corresponding temperature sensor and heater (312b) are used to melt silver or copper nano-metal wire material; the silver or copper nano-metal wire material is a composite filament into which plastic-based metal particles are uniformly injected; the radial size of the silver or copper nanowire is 30-60nm.

4. The device for applying 3D printing to a nano friction generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heater (312) is connected to the sensor extruder head detection module (24) to adjust the heating temperature and provide feedback of real-time temperature information of the extruder head; the small stepper motor control module (25) drives and controls the extrusion material; and the servo motor drive control module (26) drives the nozzle assembly (31) to move in the XYZ three-dimensional space.

5. The device for applying 3D printing to a nano friction generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The X-axis moving mechanism comprises a guide rod (X1) and a servo motor (X11) mounted on the end of the guide rod fixed on the support column (20), and is combined with accessories such as a lead screw slider to achieve forward and backward movement in the Y-axis direction; the Y-axis moving mechanism comprises a guide rod (Y1) and a servo motor (Y11) mounted on the end of the guide rod fixed on the support column (20), and is combined with accessories such as a lead screw slider to achieve left and right movement in the X-axis direction; the Z-axis moving mechanism comprises a guide rod (Z1) and a servo motor (Z11) mounted on the end of the guide rod fixed on the square base (10), and is combined with accessories such as a lead screw slider to drive the workbench (30) to move up and down along the Z-axis direction, and the workbench (30) is used to support objects of the 3D printer.

6. The device for applying 3D printing to a nano friction generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material system (3) further comprises a wire feeding tray (32); the wire feeding tray (32) is connected to ABS plastic or thermoplastic polyurethane rubber wire, silver or copper nanowire; the electronic control system (2) further comprises a CPU processor module (20), a power module (21), a system protection module (22), an A / D module (23), a sensor extruder detection module (24), a small stepper motor control module (25) and a servo motor drive control module (26); the power module provides the required power for the 3D printer; the system protection module (22) protects the circuit, cuts off the connection between the power module and the processor module, and ensures the power stability of the entire control system; the A / D module (23) converts the analog signal into a digital signal; the servo motor drive control module (26) enables the nozzle assembly to move in the XYZ three-dimensional space.

7. A method for preparing a nano friction generator using 3D printing, comprising a first generator element (401) and a second generator element (402): The first generator element (401) is made of a polymer with hydrogen bonds, such as a polytetraethylene film layer (4011), combined with a conductive layer, a copper film layer (4012) and an insulating substrate layer, a paperboard (4013) to form a square or rectangular unfolded plane, with two sides folded inward and bonded to the cylindrical friction body; the second generator element (402) is made of a polymer with carbonyl and carbonate groups, such as PVC (4021), combined with a conductive layer, such as a copper film layer (4012) and an insulating substrate layer, a paperboard (4013) to form a square or rectangular unfolded plane. The first generator element (401) and the second generator element (402) are bonded to the cylindrical rotating rod (403) to rotate and reciprocate. When rotating, friction is generated to move electrons to generate static electricity. Static electricity accumulates to form electric charges. When separated, positive and negative charges are formed to generate a potential difference. Electric energy is generated by collecting the charges through the conductive layer. The prepared generator element circuit has an electrical conductivity of 3.98S / cm, a Young's modulus of 12.1MPa, and an elongation at break of 7.09%.

8. A method for preparing a nano friction generator using 3D printing, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1 selects a nano friction generator element with vertical contact-separation mode, designs and models it using Auto CAD design software, and uses simulation software such as COMSOL to perform motion simulation, force analysis test, and electric potential field distribution simulation test on the model; S2 imports the model into the slicing software for slicing and layering, selects the simulation processing method according to the difficulty of model processing, and generates Gcode code; S3 imports the generated gcode code into the 3D printer for layer-by-layer printing, with a single layer thickness of 0.05-0.3mm and a nozzle temperature of 180-280℃. If there is a problem in the processing process, return to the first step to re-design and simulate and improve the code; S4 loads polytetraethylene or PVC filaments and silver or copper nanofilaments into the filament feeding tray of the 3D printer, adjusts the appropriate head temperature, and prints the circuit pattern designed with the aid of computer software onto a paper template with pre-placed fixtures around it.

9. The method for preparing a nano friction generator using 3D printing according to claim 8, characterized in that: In steps S1-S4, a dual-nozzle collaborative control strategy is adopted: the ABS / TPU nozzle temperature is set to 220-250°C, the silver nanowire nozzle temperature is 280°C, the hot bed temperature is 80°C, the printing speed is 80mm / s, and the interlayer overlap rate is 30%.

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