Spraying dust removal device for tunnel construction and use method of spraying dust removal device

Abstract

The invention discloses a spraying dust removal device for tunnel construction and a using method thereof.The spraying dust removal device comprises a spraying mechanism and a dust removal mechanism, the spraying mechanism comprises a supporting ring frame, a plurality of inclined supporting groove rods are hinged to the periphery of the supporting ring frame, the direction of mounting grooves of the inclined supporting groove rods is parallel to the direction of hinge shafts of the inclined supporting groove rods, and flow dividing pipes are mounted in the mounting grooves of the inclined supporting groove rods; an outer supporting barrel is fixedly connected to the inner circumference of the supporting ring frame in a sleeving mode, a pushing barrel is movably arranged in the outer supporting barrel in a sleeving mode, and inclined supporting transmission rods are arranged between the end of the pushing barrel and the middles of the inclined supporting groove rods in a hinged mode; a plurality of sealing frames are coaxially arranged in the upper cabin of the dust removal square cylinder, a filter screen plate is rotationally connected in each sealing frame in a sealed mode, and sprayed water mist can be fully and evenly scattered at all three-dimensional point positions in a tunnel, can be fully combined with dust at all the point positions and can also be prevented from being concentrated in a certain area, so that the combination efficiency is not good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction equipment, and specifically to a spray dust removal device for tunnel construction and its usage method. Background Art

[0002] During the construction of tunnel roads, a large amount of dust is generated during drilling, blasting, and mechanical operations. These dusts pose a serious threat to the health of construction workers. Therefore, a spray dust removal device is required during the construction of tunnel roads.

[0003] The application document with the publication number CN116753020A discloses a tunnel construction dust removal device, including: a housing, a sliding groove, and a water tank. The upper surface of the interior of the housing is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the sliding groove, the lower surface of the interior of the housing is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the water tank, the back surface of the sliding groove is fixedly connected to a support plate, the upper surface of the support plate is fixedly connected to a motor, an up-and-down rotation mechanism, which is arranged on the housing and is used to drive the spraying device to move up and down and rotate to spray water mist around, a water spraying mechanism, which is arranged on the housing and is used to pump the liquid in the water tank into the spraying device, a blowing mechanism, which is arranged on the housing and is used to make the range of action of the water mist wider, and also includes a moving and fixing mechanism, which is arranged on the housing and is used to move and fix the device.

[0004] Based on the above patent and the prior art, the following problems are obtained: Problem 1: Due to the lack of components that match the tunnel structure and size, there are dead corners in the tunnel dust removal process, which are prone to omission, affecting the health of construction workers and resulting in poor construction effects; Problem 2: Since the dust removal components need to be frequently replaced, the dust reduction duration is limited, and the concentration of continuously generated dust cannot be effectively reduced in a timely manner, resulting in poor working effects; Problem 3: Since the dust filtering components are often blocked by dust, the working life of the dust filtering components is relatively low, and the replacement frequency is higher than that of other components, resulting in low working efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a spray dust removal device for tunnel construction to improve the overall working efficiency in view of the above existing problems and deficiencies.

[0006] The present invention solves at least one of the following technical problems: (1) There are dead corners in the tunnel dust removal process, which are prone to omission, affecting the health of construction workers and resulting in poor construction effects; (2) The dust reduction duration is limited, and the concentration of continuously generated dust cannot be effectively reduced in a timely manner, resulting in poor working effects; (3) The working life of the dust filtering component is relatively low, and the replacement frequency is higher than that of other components, resulting in lower working efficiency.

[0007] The object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions: A spray dust removal device for tunnel construction, comprising a spray mechanism and a dust removal mechanism. The spray mechanism includes a support ring frame, and a plurality of inclined support groove rods are hinged to the outer periphery of the support ring frame. The installation groove of the inclined support groove rod points in the same direction as its hinge axis. A shunt pipe is installed in the installation groove of the inclined support groove rod. An outer support cylinder is fixedly sleeved on the inner periphery of the support ring frame. A push cylinder is movably sleeved in the outer support cylinder. An inclined support transmission rod is hinged between the end of the push cylinder and the middle of each inclined support groove rod. The dust removal mechanism includes a first trolley and a second trolley. A dust removal square cylinder is installed on the first trolley. The dust removal square cylinder is divided into upper and lower chambers by a partition plate. A plurality of sealing frames are coaxially arranged in the upper chamber of the dust removal square cylinder. A filter screen plate is hermetically rotatably connected in the sealing frame. The inclined support groove rods are evenly distributed at equal angles. The aperture of each filter screen plate gradually decreases from one side to the other side.

[0008] As a further solution of the invention, a lead screw slide is installed on one side of the upper surface of the dust removal square cylinder, and a limit slideway is installed on the other side. A connecting ring frame is installed on the movable end of the lead screw slide. A first installation box is slidably connected to the limit slideway. A second installation box is installed on the first installation box. The outer support cylinder passes through the second installation box and the connecting ring frame and is rotatably connected to both of them. A support sleeve is fixedly penetrated through the middle of the filter screen plate. A support rotating shaft is commonly penetrated through the axes of each support sleeve. A two-way fan blade is arranged on one side of the filter screen plate close to the smallest aperture. A water storage tank is installed on the second trolley. A first diversion cover is installed on one side of the water storage tank close to the dust removal square cylinder. A sealing square cylinder is movably sleeved inside one end of the dust removal square cylinder close to the second trolley. A contact seal is formed between the inner periphery of the dust removal square cylinder and the outer periphery of the sealing square cylinder. A dust filtering storage bag is arranged on one side of the lower chamber of the dust removal square cylinder close to the sealing square cylinder. A third hose is installed at one end of the partition plate close to the second trolley. The third hose is communicated with the dust filtering storage bag.

[0009] As a further solution of the invention, a first motor is installed in the first installation box. A driving sprocket is installed on the driving shaft of the first motor. A driven sprocket is installed on the outer support cylinder. The driving sprocket and the driven sprocket are driven by a transmission chain. A positioning ring frame is installed at one end of the lead screw slide close to the limit slideway. The outer support cylinder passes through the positioning ring frame and is slidably sleeved with it.

[0010] As a further solution of the invention, an inner support cylinder is fixedly sleeved on the inner periphery of the outer support cylinder. The inner support cylinder is slidably sleeved on the outer periphery of the push cylinder. A second motor is installed inside one end of the inner support cylinder close to the second trolley. A transmission screw is installed at the end of the rotating shaft of the second motor. The transmission screw is threadedly penetrated through the axis of the push cylinder.

[0011] As a further aspect of the invention, a plurality of diversion tubes are embedded in the outer support cylinder. The diversion tubes are provided in a plurality and are evenly distributed at equal angles. A diversion ring groove is sleeved on the outer periphery of one end of the outer support cylinder close to the second trolley. The diversion ring groove is hermetically and rotatably connected to the outer support cylinder. A plurality of water inlet slots are formed in the outer support cylinder and are evenly distributed in an annular array. The diversion tubes, the water inlet slots and the shunt tubes correspond to each other one by one. The diversion tubes are communicated with the diversion ring groove through the water inlet slots. The diversion ring groove is communicated with the water storage tank through a first hose. The diversion tubes are communicated with the corresponding shunt tubes through second hoses.

[0012] As a further aspect of the invention, one end of the rotating shaft of the bidirectional fan blade is rotatably connected to the support rotating shaft. A transmission cylinder is installed at the other end of the rotating shaft of the bidirectional fan blade. The rotating shaft of the bidirectional fan blade penetrates through the transmission cylinder and is rotatably connected thereto. A second diversion cover is installed on one side of the top end of the transmission cylinder. A first transmission shaft is arranged in the transmission cylinder. The first transmission shaft and the bidirectional fan blade are in meshing transmission through bevel gears. A third motor is installed on one side of the lower cabin of the dust removal square cylinder away from the dust filtering storage bag. One end of the driving shaft of the third motor and the first transmission shaft are in meshing transmission through bevel gears.

[0013] As a further aspect of the invention, a speed reduction gear box is installed at the other end of the driving shaft of the third motor. A plurality of speed reduction gears that mesh with each other to reduce speed and increase torque are arranged in the speed reduction gear box. A second transmission shaft is installed at the output end of the speed reduction gear box. A partition frame is installed above the dust filtering storage bag in the lower cabin of the dust removal square cylinder. The partition frame is rotatably connected to the second transmission shaft. A battery box is arranged between the partition frame and the speed reduction gear box. Both ends of the support sleeve are supported by corresponding positioning frames installed on the partition plate. The support sleeve is rotatably connected to the positioning frame. A third transmission shaft is installed on one side of the positioning frame close to the filter net plate. The upper end of the third transmission shaft is in meshing transmission with the corresponding support sleeve through bevel gears. The lower end of the third transmission shaft is in meshing transmission with the second transmission shaft through bevel gears. A brush cylinder is fixedly sleeved on the outer periphery of the third transmission shaft.

[0014] As a further aspect of the invention, air guide hole plates are installed through both sides of the lower cabin of the dust removal square cylinder, and the air guide hole plates are located on both sides of the dust filtering storage bag.

[0015] As a further aspect of the invention, one end of the dust removal square cylinder close to the sealing square cylinder is pushed by a telescopic push rod to move the sealing square cylinder. The nozzles on each shunt tube are distributed in an array, and the distance between adjacent nozzles gradually increases from the top end to the tail end of the shunt tube.

[0016] A working method of a spray dust removal device for tunnel construction includes the following steps: Step 1: Move the spray mechanism and the dust removal mechanism to the area in the tunnel waiting for dust removal by means of the first trolley and the second trolley, then move the screw slide to connect the ring frame, so that the outer support tube extends forward, then move the push tube into the outer support tube, and open each diagonal support transmission rod in an umbrella shape, so that each diagonal support slot rod and the shunt pipe are unfolded in an umbrella shape, and the circumference of the end of the shunt pipe is matched with the inner diameter of the tunnel; Step 2: Spray water mist through each shunt pipe, and rotate the outer support cylinder at a uniform speed, so that the water mist is sprayed evenly and fills all points. Then the first trolley and the second trolley move forward synchronously at the same speed, and evenly spread water mist on various cross-sections in the tunnel ahead, so that the dust and water mist in various spaces in the tunnel are fully combined; Step 3: When dust removal is in progress, the bidirectional fan blades rotate clockwise to guide the airflow in the dust removal square cylinder away from the second trolley, so that the external dust mist is guided into the dust removal square cylinder under the guidance of the first air guide cover, and passes through each filter screen in turn, intercepting and enriching the dust according to the diameter, and at the same time rotating the support sleeve to rotate the filter screen, so that all parts of the filter screen are fully utilized; Step 4: After the dust removal is completed, the sealed square cylinder moves toward the first air guide cover to abut against it, forming a contact seal, and then the bidirectional fan blades rotate counterclockwise to guide the airflow in the dust removal square cylinder in the direction close to the second trolley, so that the filtered and enriched dust is blown toward the sealed square cylinder and introduced into the dust filter storage bag through the third hose, and the dust is concentrated and the air is discharged through the dust filter storage bag, so that the filter screen can quickly restore its filtering capacity. When all the dust is enriched and stored in the dust filter storage bag, the sealed square cylinder is retracted into the dust removal square cylinder and covers the pipe mouth of the third hose, thereby quickly restoring the dust removal capacity.

[0017] Beneficial effects of the present invention: (1) The dust removal mechanism pushes itself and the spray mechanism forward, cooperates with the spray mechanism, sucks the dust combined with the water mist, and forms a circulating airflow to continuously enrich the dust inside itself. At the same time, it uses its own structural size to reserve a sufficient time interval for the combination of dust and water mist, and at the same time increases the number of internal filter plates to improve the dust filtering capacity, thereby eliminating the dust in the tunnel and protecting the construction personnel. During spraying, the diagonal support slot rod and the supporting ring frame form an umbrella-shaped structure, and the outer edge size of the diagonal support slot rod is adjusted according to the inner diameter of different tunnels or the spatial size of the construction site. At the same time, the outer support cylinder rotates continuously at a uniform speed, so that the sprayed water mist can be fully and evenly distributed at various three-dimensional points in the tunnel, which can not only fully combine with the dust at each point, but also avoid being concentrated in a certain area to cause poor combination efficiency; (2)When dust removal is carried out, the two-way fan blade rotates clockwise, guiding the air flow in the dust removal square tube along the direction away from the second trolley. The external dust and fog is guided by the first diversion cover into the dust removal square tube and passes through each filter screen plate in turn, so that the dust is fully filtered. After the dust removal is completed, the sealed square tube moves towards the first diversion cover until it abuts, forming a contact seal. Subsequently, the two-way fan blade rotates counterclockwise, guiding the air flow in the dust removal square tube along the direction close to the second trolley. By arranging the pore diameter of the filter screen plate to increase along the air flow direction at this time, the interception of dust is avoided, so that the filtered and enriched dust is blown towards the sealed square tube, introduced into the dust collection bag through the third hose, and the dust is concentrated and the air is discharged through the dust collection bag, so that the filter screen plate can quickly recover its filtering ability. When all the dust is enriched and collected by the dust collection bag, the two-way fan blade resumes clockwise rotation, and at the same time, the sealed square tube retracts into the dust removal square tube and covers the nozzle of the third hose, so as to quickly recover the dust removal ability and be able to carry out dust removal continuously for a long time and at a high frequency, aiming at the special scenario of tunnel construction, ensuring the dust removal effect and protecting the physical safety of construction workers; (3)During operation, one end of the third motor drives the two-way fan blade through the first transmission shaft, so as to adjust the rotation direction of the two-way fan blade. The speed is reduced and the torque is increased through the speed reduction gear box, and each filter screen plate is synchronously rotated through the transmission of the second transmission shaft and the third transmission shaft, so that the utilization rate of each part of the filter screen plate can be kept uniform. The surface dust of the filter screen plate is wiped off by the brush cylinder that rotates synchronously with the third transmission shaft, preventing the dust from blocking the pores of the filter screen plate, so that the filter screen plate can quickly recover its filtering ability, and the replacement times are reduced by using the characteristic that the filter screen plate has a long service life, improving the overall working time on duty, ensuring the absorption amount of the enriched dust, and improving the protection degree for construction workers. Description of the Drawings

[0018] For the convenience of those skilled in the art to understand, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a side view of the overall structure of the present invention when the shunt pipe is closed; Figure 2 It is a side view of the overall structure of the present invention when the shunt pipe is opened; Figure 3 It is a side view of the internal structure of the first installation box of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a side view of the internal structure of the outer support cylinder of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a side view of the partial structure of the shunt pipe of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a side view of the internal structure of the dust removal square tube when the sealed square tube is ventilated in the present invention; Figure 7 It isFigure 6 Cross-sectional view of the A-A section; Figure 8 Side view of the internal structure of the dust removal square tube when the sealing square tube of the present invention is sealed; Figure 9 is Figure 8 Enlarged schematic view of area B in the figure; In the figure: 101, support ring frame; 102, inclined support groove rod; 103, shunt pipe; 104, outer support cylinder; 105, push cylinder; 106, inclined support drive rod; 107, first mounting box; 108, second mounting box; 109, first motor; 110, driving sprocket; 111, driven sprocket; 112, drive chain; 113, lead screw slide; 114, connecting ring frame; 115, positioning ring frame; 116, limiting slideway; 117, inner support cylinder; 118, second motor; 119, drive screw; 120, guide pipe; 121, guide ring groove; 122, first hose; 123, second hose; 124, water storage tank; 125, water inlet notch; 201, first trolley; 202, second trolley; 203, dust removal square tube; 204, partition board; 205, sealing frame; 206, filter screen plate; 207, support sleeve; 208, support rotating shaft; 209, two-way fan blade; 210, drive cylinder; 211, third motor; 212, first transmission shaft; 213, first guide cover; 214, speed reduction gear box; 215, second transmission shaft; 216, positioning frame; 217, third transmission shaft; 218, brush cylinder; 219, battery box; 220, partition frame; 221, air guide hole plate; 222, dust collection storage bag; 223, third hose; 224, sealing square tube; 225, telescopic push rod; 226, second guide cover. Detailed implementation manners

[0020] To further elaborate on the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined invention purpose, the following, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, details the specific implementation manners, structures, features and their effects of the present invention as follows.

[0021] Please refer to Figures 1-9As shown: A spray dust removal device for tunnel construction, comprising a spray mechanism and a dust removal mechanism. The spray mechanism includes a support ring frame 101. A number of inclined support groove rods 102 are hinged to the outer periphery of the support ring frame 101. The installation groove direction of the inclined support groove rod 102 is parallel to the direction of its hinge axis. A shunt pipe 103 is installed in the installation groove of the inclined support groove rod 102. An outer support cylinder 104 is fixedly sleeved on the inner periphery of the support ring frame 101. A push cylinder 105 is movably sleeved in the outer support cylinder 104. An inclined support transmission rod 106 is hinged between the end of the push cylinder 105 and the middle of each inclined support groove rod 102. The dust removal mechanism includes a first trolley 201 and a second trolley 202. A dust removal square cylinder 203 is installed on the first trolley 201. The dust removal square cylinder 203 is divided into upper and lower chambers by a partition plate 204. A number of sealing frames 205 are coaxially arranged in the upper chamber of the dust removal square cylinder 203. A filter screen plate 206 is hermetically rotatably connected in the sealing frame 205. The inclined support groove rods 102 are evenly distributed at equal angles. The aperture of each filter screen plate 206 gradually decreases from one side to the other side; During the operation of this embodiment, the spray mechanism sprays water into the tunnel, so that the dust in the tunnel is fully combined with the water mist, which is convenient for subsequent dust removal. The dust removal mechanism pushes itself and the spray mechanism forward, cooperates with the spray mechanism, sucks the dust combined with the water mist, and forms a circulating air flow to continuously enrich the dust inside itself. At the same time, using its own structural dimensions, a sufficient time interval is reserved for the combination of dust and water mist. At the same time, the number of internal filter screen plates 206 is increased to improve the dust filtering ability, so as to eliminate the dust in the tunnel and protect the construction workers. When spraying, the inclined support groove rod 102 and the support ring frame 101 form an umbrella structure, and the outer edge size of the inclined support groove rod 102 is adjusted according to the inner diameter of different tunnels or the space size of the construction site. At the same time, the outer support cylinder 104 rotates continuously at a constant speed, so that the sprayed water mist can be fully and evenly distributed at each three-dimensional point in the tunnel, which can not only fully combine with the dust at each point, but also avoid concentrating in a certain area resulting in poor combination efficiency. When removing dust, after the combination process of dust and water mist proceeds for a period of time through the length of the dust removal square cylinder 203, the dust removal square cylinder 203 sucks air, so that the dust mist continuously enters the dust removal square cylinder 203 with the air flow, and filters dust with different diameters by using filter screen plates 206 with different apertures to ensure the rapid and full filtration of dust.

[0022] On one side of the upper surface of the dust removal square tube 203, a lead screw slide 113 is installed, and on the other side, a limit slideway 116 is installed. A connecting ring frame 114 is installed on the movable end of the lead screw slide 113. A first mounting box 107 is slidably connected to the limit slideway 116. A second mounting box 108 is installed on the first mounting box 107. The outer support cylinder 104 passes through the second mounting box 108 and the connecting ring frame 114 and is rotatably connected to both. A support sleeve 207 is fixedly penetrated through the middle of the filter screen plate 206. A support rotating shaft 208 is commonly penetrated through the axes of the support sleeves 207. A two-way fan blade 209 is provided on one side of the filter screen plate 206 close to the smallest aperture. A water storage tank 124 is installed on the second trolley 202. A first diversion cover 213 is installed on one side of the water storage tank 124 close to the dust removal square tube 203. A sealing square tube 224 is movably sleeved inside one end of the dust removal square tube 203 close to the second trolley 202, and a contact seal is formed between the inner circumference of the dust removal square tube 203 and the outer circumference of the sealing square tube 224. A dust filtering storage bag 222 is provided on one side of the lower chamber of the dust removal square tube 203 close to the sealing square tube 224. A third hose 223 is installed at one end of the partition plate 204 close to the second trolley 202. The third hose 223 is communicated with the dust filtering storage bag 222. Air guide hole plates 221 are penetrated and installed on both sides of the lower chamber of the dust removal square tube 203. The air guide hole plates 221 are located on both sides of the dust filtering storage bag 222. One end of the dust removal square tube 203 close to the sealing square tube 224 pushes the sealing square tube 224 to move through a telescopic push rod 225. The nozzles on each shunt tube 103 are distributed in an array, and the distance between adjacent nozzles gradually increases from the top end to the tail end of the shunt tube 103; During the operation of this embodiment, the outer support cylinder 104 is extended or retracted through the lead screw slide 113, thereby reducing the size of the overall structure and improving the storage capacity during the maintenance period when no work is required. When the shunt pipe 103 needs to be deployed, the lead screw slide 113 extends the outer support cylinder 104 in the direction away from the second trolley 202 to avoid interference when the shunt pipe 103 is deployed in an umbrella shape. The two-way fan blade 209 of this embodiment rotates clockwise during dust removal, guiding the airflow in the dust removal square cylinder 203 in the direction away from the second trolley 202. The external dust and mist are guided into the dust removal square cylinder 203 under the guidance of the first diversion cover 213 and pass through each filter screen plate 206 in sequence, so that the dust is fully filtered. After the dust removal is completed, the sealing square cylinder 224 moves towards the first diversion cover 213 until they are in contact and form a contact seal. Subsequently, the two-way fan blade 209 rotates counterclockwise, guiding the airflow in the dust removal square cylinder 203 in the direction close to the second trolley 202. By arranging the aperture of the filter screen plate 206 to increase along the airflow direction at this time, the interception of dust is avoided, so that the filtered and enriched dust is blown towards the sealing square cylinder 224 and introduced into the dust collection bag 222 through the third hose 223. The dust collection bag 222 concentrates the dust and discharges the air, so that the filter screen plate 206 quickly recovers its filtering ability. When all the dust is enriched and stored in the dust collection bag 222, the two-way fan blade 209 resumes clockwise rotation, and at the same time, the sealing square cylinder 224 retracts into the dust removal square cylinder 203 and covers the nozzle of the third hose 223, thereby quickly restoring the dust removal ability and being able to continuously perform dust removal for a long time and at a high frequency. For the special scenario of tunnel construction, the dust removal effect is ensured and the physical safety of construction workers is protected.

[0023] A first motor 109 is installed in the first installation box 107. A driving sprocket 110 is installed on the driving shaft of the first motor 109. A driven sprocket 111 is installed on the outer support cylinder 104. The driving sprocket 110 and the driven sprocket 111 are driven by a transmission chain 112. One end of the lead screw slide 113 close to the limit slideway 116 is installed with a positioning ring frame 115. The outer support cylinder 104 passes through the positioning ring frame 115 and is slidably sleeved with it; During the operation of this embodiment, the first motor 109 rotates the driving sprocket 110, which is driven by the driven sprocket 111 and the transmission chain 112 to rotate the outer support cylinder 104, so that each shunt pipe 103 maintaining an umbrella structure rotates at a constant speed. At the same time, the first installation box 107 slides flexibly on the limit slideway 116, cooperates with the drive of the lead screw slide 113, and supports each component. Further support is provided through the positioning ring frame 115 to prevent the outer support cylinder 104 from shaking and deviating, and to maintain stable operation.

[0024] An inner support cylinder 117 is fixedly sleeved on the inner circumference of the outer support cylinder 104. The inner support cylinder 117 is slidably sleeved on the outer circumference of the push cylinder 105. A second motor 118 is installed inside one end of the inner support cylinder 117 close to the second trolley 202. A transmission screw rod 119 is installed at the end of the rotating shaft of the second motor 118. The transmission screw rod 119 is threadedly inserted through the axis of the push cylinder 105. When this embodiment works, the second motor 118 rotates the transmission screw rod 119 to push the push cylinder 105 to move accurately, so as to accurately quantify the deployment angle of the shunt pipe 103 and accurately adapt to various tunnel inner diameters.

[0025] A number of diversion pipes 120 are embedded in the outer support cylinder 104. There are a number of diversion pipes 120 and they are evenly distributed at equal angles. A diversion ring groove 121 is sleeved on the outer circumference of one end of the outer support cylinder 104 close to the second trolley 202. The diversion ring groove 121 is hermetically and rotatably connected to the outer support cylinder 104. A number of water inlet slots 125 are formed on the outer support cylinder 104 and are evenly distributed in an annular array. The diversion pipes 120, the water inlet slots 125 and the shunt pipe 103 correspond to each other one by one. The diversion pipes 120 are connected to the diversion ring groove 121 through the water inlet slots 125. The diversion ring groove 121 is connected to the water storage tank 124 through the first hose 122. The diversion pipes 120 are connected to the corresponding shunt pipes 103 through the second hoses 123. When this embodiment works, the water storage tank 124 supplies water to the diversion ring groove 121 through the first hose 122. The diversion ring groove 121 supplies water to each diversion pipe 120 through the corresponding water inlet slots 125. The sealed and rotatable connection of the diversion ring groove 121 ensures stable water supply even when the outer support cylinder 104 rotates. Then, water is supplied to each corresponding shunt pipe 103 through the second hoses 123.

[0026] One end of the rotating shaft of the two-way fan blade 209 is rotatably connected to the support rotating shaft 208. A transmission cylinder 210 is installed at the other end of the rotating shaft of the two-way fan blade 209. The rotating shaft of the two-way fan blade 209 penetrates through the transmission cylinder 210 and is rotatably connected to it. A second diversion cover 226 is installed on one side of the top of the transmission cylinder 210. A first transmission shaft 212 is arranged inside the transmission cylinder 210. The first transmission shaft 212 and the two-way fan blade 209 are in meshing transmission through bevel gears. A third motor 211 is installed on one side of the lower cabin of the dust removal square cylinder 203 far from the dust filtering storage bag 222. One end of the drive shaft of the third motor 211 and the first transmission shaft 212 are in meshing transmission through bevel gears. On the other end of the drive shaft of the third motor 211, a speed reduction gearbox 214 is installed. Inside the speed reduction gearbox 214, there are several speed reduction gears that mesh with each other to reduce speed and increase torque. At the output end of the speed reduction gearbox 214, a second transmission shaft 215 is installed. Inside the lower compartment of the dust removal square tube 203, above the dust filtering and receiving bag 222, a partition frame 220 is installed. The partition frame 220 is rotationally connected to the second transmission shaft 215. Between the partition frame 220 and the speed reduction gearbox 214, there is a battery box 219. Both ends of the support sleeve 207 are supported by corresponding positioning frames 216 installed on the partition plate 204. The support sleeve 207 is rotationally connected to the positioning frame 216. On the side of the positioning frame 216 close to the filter mesh plate 206, a third transmission shaft 217 is installed. The upper end of the third transmission shaft 217 is in meshing transmission with the corresponding support sleeve 207 through bevel gears. The lower end of the third transmission shaft 217 is in meshing transmission with the second transmission shaft 215 through bevel gears. A brush barrel 218 is fixedly sleeved on the outer circumference of the third transmission shaft 217; During the operation of this embodiment, one end of the third motor 211 drives the two-way fan blade 209 through the first transmission shaft 212, thereby adjusting the rotation direction of the two-way fan blade 209. The speed is reduced and the torque is increased through the speed reduction gearbox 214, and through the transmission of the second transmission shaft 215 and the third transmission shaft 217, each filter mesh plate 206 rotates synchronously, so that the usage rate of each part of the filter mesh plate 206 can be kept uniform. The surface dust of the filter mesh plate 206 is wiped off by the brush barrel 218 that rotates synchronously with the third transmission shaft 217, preventing the dust from blocking the pores of the filter mesh plate 206, and making the dust in the dust removal process disperse into the air flow so as to be enriched by the dust filtering and receiving bag 222.

[0027] A working method of a spray dust removal device for tunnel construction includes the following steps: Step 1: Move the spray mechanism and the dust removal mechanism to the area in the tunnel waiting for dust removal through the first trolley 201 and the second trolley 202. Subsequently, the lead screw slide table 113 moves the connecting ring frame 114, so that the outer support cylinder 104 extends forward. The first mounting box 107 slides flexibly on the limit slideway 116, cooperates with the drive of the lead screw slide table 113, and supports each component. Further support is provided through the positioning ring frame 115 to prevent the outer support cylinder 104 from shaking and deviating. The second motor 118 rotates the transmission screw 119 to push the push cylinder 105 to move accurately. Subsequently, the push cylinder 105 moves into the outer support cylinder 104, and each inclined support transmission rod 106 is opened in an umbrella shape, so that each inclined support groove rod 102 and the shunt pipe 103 are unfolded in an umbrella shape, and the circumference where the end of the shunt pipe 103 is located matches the inner diameter of the tunnel; Step 2: The water storage tank 124 supplies water to the guide ring groove 121 through the first hose 122, and the guide ring groove 121 supplies water to each guide pipe 120 through each corresponding water inlet notch 125, and supplies water to each corresponding shunt pipe 103 through the second hose 123, and sprays water mist through each shunt pipe 103, and the driving sprocket 110 is rotated by the first motor 109, and the transmission is carried out through the driven sprocket 111 and the transmission chain 112, and the outer support cylinder 104 is rotated to make each shunt pipe 103 with an umbrella structure rotate at a uniform speed, and converge at the top of the shunt pipe 103 through the nozzle, so that the same concentration of water mist can be distributed everywhere in the circular cross-section swept by the shunt pipe 103, so that the water mist is sprayed evenly and fills all points, and then the first trolley 201 and the second trolley 202 move forward synchronously and at the same speed, and evenly spread the water mist on each cross-section in the tunnel ahead, so that the dust and the water mist in each space in the tunnel passed through are fully combined; Step 3: During dust removal, one end of the third motor 211 drives the bidirectional fan blades 209 through the first transmission shaft 212, and the bidirectional fan blades 209 rotate clockwise to guide the airflow in the dust removal square cylinder 203 in a direction away from the second trolley 202, so that the external dust mist is guided by the first air guide cover 213 to be guided into the dust removal square cylinder 203, and passes through each filter screen 206 in turn, intercepting and enriching the dust according to the diameter, and at the same time, the speed reduction gear box 214 is used to reduce the speed and increase the torque, and the second transmission shaft 215 and the third transmission shaft 217 are used to synchronously rotate each filter screen 206, so that each part of the filter screen 206 can maintain a uniform utilization rate. Step 4: After the dust removal is completed, the sealing square cylinder 224 is pushed to move by the telescopic push rod 225, and the sealing square cylinder 224 moves to abut against the first air guide cover 213 to form a contact seal, and then one end of the third motor 211 drives the bidirectional fan blade 209 through the first transmission shaft 212, and the bidirectional fan blade 209 rotates counterclockwise to guide the airflow in the dust removal square cylinder 203 in the direction close to the second trolley 202, so that the filtered and enriched dust is blown to the sealing square cylinder 224 and introduced into the sealing square cylinder 224 through the third hose 223. The dust collecting bag 222 collects the dust and exhausts the air through the dust collecting bag 222, and the dust on the surface of the filter screen 206 is wiped off by the brush cylinder 218 which rotates synchronously with the third transmission shaft 217 to prevent the dust from clogging the pores of the filter screen 206, so that the filter screen 206 can quickly restore its filtering capacity. When all the dust is enriched and stored by the dust collecting bag 222, the sealing square cylinder 224 retracts the dust removal square cylinder 203 and covers the pipe mouth of the third hose 223, so as to quickly restore the dust removal capacity.

[0028] During the use of the present invention, the staff push themselves and the spraying mechanism forward through the dust removal mechanism, cooperate with the spraying mechanism, suck the dust combined with water mist, and form a circulating air flow to continuously enrich the dust inside themselves. At the same time, using their own structural dimensions, a sufficient time interval is reserved for the combination of dust and water mist. Meanwhile, the number of internal filter plates 206 is increased to improve the dust filtering ability, so as to eliminate the dust in the tunnel and protect the construction workers. When spraying, the inclined support groove rod 102 and the support ring frame 101 form an umbrella structure, and the outer edge dimension of the inclined support groove rod 102 is adjusted according to the inner diameter of different tunnels or the spatial dimensions of the construction site. Meanwhile, the outer support cylinder 104 rotates at a constant speed continuously, so that the sprayed water mist can be fully and evenly distributed at each three-dimensional point in the tunnel, which can not only fully combine with the dust at each point, but also avoid concentrating in a certain area resulting in poor combination efficiency; During dust removal, the bidirectional fan blade 209 rotates clockwise to guide the air flow in the dust removal square cylinder 203 along the direction away from the second trolley 202. The external dust mist is guided by the first diversion cover 213 and diverted into the dust removal square cylinder 203, and sequentially passes through each filter plate 206, so that the dust is fully filtered. After the dust removal is completed, the sealed square cylinder 224 moves towards the first diversion cover 213 until they are in contact and form a contact seal. Subsequently, the bidirectional fan blade 209 rotates counterclockwise to guide the air flow in the dust removal square cylinder 203 along the direction close to the second trolley 202. By using the arrangement that the aperture of the filter plate 206 increases along the air flow direction at this time, the intercepted dust is avoided, so that the filtered and enriched dust is blown towards the sealed square cylinder 224, and is introduced into the dust filtering storage bag 222 through the third hose 223. The dust is concentrated by the dust filtering storage bag 222 and the air is discharged, so that the filter plate 206 quickly recovers its filtering ability. When all the dust is enriched and stored in the dust filtering storage bag 222, the bidirectional fan blade 209 resumes clockwise rotation, and at the same time, the sealed square cylinder 224 retracts into the dust removal square cylinder 203 and covers the nozzle of the third hose 223, so as to quickly restore the dust removal ability and be able to continuously carry out dust removal for a long time and at a high frequency, aiming at the special scenario of tunnel construction, ensuring the dust removal effect and protecting the physical safety of construction workers; During operation, one end of the third motor 211 drives the bidirectional fan blade 209 through the first transmission shaft 212, thereby adjusting the rotation direction of the bidirectional fan blade 209. The speed is reduced and the torque is increased through the speed reduction gear box 214, and through the transmission of the second transmission shaft 215 and the third transmission shaft 217, each filter screen plate 206 rotates synchronously, so that the usage rate of each part of the filter screen plate 206 can be kept uniform. The dust on the surface of the filter screen plate 206 is wiped off by the brush cylinder 218 that rotates synchronously with the third transmission shaft 217, preventing the dust from clogging the pores of the filter screen plate 206, so that the filter screen plate 206 can quickly recover its filtering ability, and the long service life of the filter screen plate 206 is utilized to reduce the replacement frequency, improve the overall on-duty duration, ensure the absorption amount of the enriched dust, and improve the protection level for construction workers.

[0029] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not impose any form of limitation on the present invention. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some changes or modifications to the above-disclosed technical content to obtain equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, but as long as the technical content of the present invention is not departed from, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spray dust removal device for tunnel construction, comprising a spray mechanism and a dust removal mechanism, characterized in that: The spray mechanism comprises a support ring frame (101), the outer periphery of the support ring frame (101) is hinged with a plurality of oblique support groove rods (102), the installation groove of the oblique support groove rod (102) is directed parallel to the direction of its hinge axis, a diverter pipe (103) is installed in the installation groove of the oblique support groove rod (102), the inner periphery of the support ring frame (101) is fixedly sleeved with an outer support cylinder (104), a push cylinder (105) is movably sleeved in the outer support cylinder (104), and an oblique support transmission is hingedly provided between the end of the push cylinder (105) and the middle part of each oblique support groove rod (102). The dust removal mechanism comprises a first trolley (201) and a second trolley (202). A dust removal square cylinder (203) is installed on the first trolley (201). The dust removal square cylinder (203) is divided into an upper and lower chambers by a partition plate (204). A plurality of sealing frames (205) are coaxially arranged in the upper chamber of the dust removal square cylinder (203). A filter screen plate (206) is connected to the sealing frame (205) in a sealing and rotatable manner. The oblique support groove rods (102) are evenly distributed at equal angles. The aperture of each filter screen plate (206) gradually decreases from one side to the other side.

2. A spray dust removal device for tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: A lead screw slide (113) is installed on one side of the upper surface of the dust removal square cylinder (203), and a limit slide (116) is installed on the other side; a connecting ring frame (114) is installed on the movable end of the lead screw slide (113); a first installation box (107) is slidably connected to the limit slide (116); a second installation box (108) is installed on the first installation box (107); the outer support cylinder (104) passes through the second installation box (108) and the connecting ring frame (114) and is rotatably connected to the two; a support sleeve (207) is fixedly penetrated in the middle of the filter screen plate (206); a support shaft (208) is commonly penetrated at the axis of each support sleeve (207); a side of the filter screen plate (206) close to the smallest aperture is provided There are bidirectional fan blades (209), a water storage tank (124) is installed on the second trolley (202), a first air guide cover (213) is installed on the side of the water storage tank (124) close to the dust removal square cylinder (203), a sealing square cylinder (224) is movably sleeved inside one end of the dust removal square cylinder (203) close to the second trolley (202), and the inner periphery of the dust removal square cylinder (203) and the outer periphery of the sealing square cylinder (224) form a contact seal, a dust filter storage bag (222) is provided on one side of the lower chamber of the dust removal square cylinder (203) close to the sealing square cylinder (224), and a third hose (223) is installed on one end of the partition plate (204) close to the second trolley (202), and the third hose (223) is connected to the dust filter storage bag (222).

3. A spray dust removal device for tunnel construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first motor (109) is installed in the first installation box (107); a driving sprocket (110) is installed on the driving shaft of the first motor (109); a driven sprocket (111) is installed on the outer support tube (104); the driving sprocket (110) and the driven sprocket (111) are driven by a transmission chain (112); a positioning ring frame (115) is installed at one end of the lead screw slide (113) close to the limiting slideway (116); and the outer support tube (104) passes through the positioning ring frame (115) and is slidably sleeved therewith.

4. A spray dust removal device for tunnel construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner circumference of the outer support tube (104) is fixedly sleeved with an inner support tube (117), and the inner support tube (117) is slidably sleeved on the outer circumference of the push tube (105). A second motor (118) is installed in one end of the inner support tube (117) close to the second trolley (202), and a transmission screw (119) is installed at the end of the rotating shaft of the second motor (118). The transmission screw (119) is threadedly penetrated at the axis center of the push tube (105).

5. The spray dust removal device for tunnel construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of flow guide tubes (120) are embedded in the outer support tube (104), and the flow guide tubes (120) are provided in a plurality and are evenly distributed at equal angles. A flow guide annular groove (121) is sleeved on the outer periphery of one end of the outer support tube (104) close to the second trolley (202), and the flow guide annular groove (121) is sealingly rotatably connected to the outer support tube (104). The outer support tube (104) is provided with a plurality of water inlet notches (125) evenly distributed in an annular array, and the flow guide tubes (120), the water inlet notches (125) and the flow diversion tubes (103) correspond one to one. The flow guide tube (120) is connected to the flow guide annular groove (121) through the water inlet notches (125), the flow guide annular groove (121) is connected to the water storage tank (124) through a first hose (122), and the flow guide tube (120) is connected to the corresponding flow diversion tube (103) through a second hose (123).

6. A spray dust removal device for tunnel construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the rotating shaft of the bidirectional fan blade (209) is rotatably connected to the supporting rotating shaft (208), and a transmission cylinder (210) is installed at the other end of the rotating shaft of the bidirectional fan blade (209). The rotating shaft of the bidirectional fan blade (209) passes through the transmission cylinder (210) and is rotatably connected thereto. A second air guide cover (226) is installed on one side of the top end of the transmission cylinder (210). A first transmission shaft (212) is provided in the transmission cylinder (210), and the first transmission shaft (212) and the bidirectional fan blade (209) are meshed and driven by bevel gears. A third motor (211) is installed on a side of the lower chamber of the dust removal square cylinder (203) away from the dust filter storage bag (222), and one end of the drive shaft of the third motor (211) and the first transmission shaft (212) are meshed and driven by bevel gears.

7. A spray dust removal device for tunnel construction according to claim 6, characterized in that: A speed reduction gear box (214) is installed at the other end of the driving shaft of the third motor (211), and a plurality of speed reduction gears that mesh with each other to reduce speed and increase torque are arranged in the speed reduction gear box (214). A second transmission shaft (215) is installed at the output end of the speed reduction gear box (214). A partition frame (220) is installed above the dust filter storage bag (222) in the lower cabin of the dust removal square cylinder (203). The partition frame (220) and the second transmission shaft (215) are rotatably connected. A battery box (219) is arranged between the partition frame (220) and the speed reduction gear box (214). The support sleeve The two ends of the (207) are supported by corresponding positioning frames (216) mounted on the partition plate (204); the support sleeve (207) is rotatably connected to the positioning frame (216); a third transmission shaft (217) is mounted on a side of the positioning frame (216) close to the filter screen plate (206); the upper end of the third transmission shaft (217) is meshed with the corresponding support sleeve (207) through a bevel gear for transmission; the lower end of the third transmission shaft (217) is meshed with the second transmission shaft (215) through a bevel gear for transmission; and a brush cylinder (218) is fixedly sleeved on the outer periphery of the third transmission shaft (217).

8. The spray dust removal device for tunnel construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: Air guide holes (221) are installed on both sides of the lower chamber of the dust removal square cylinder (203), and the air guide holes (221) are located on both sides of the dust filter storage bag (222).

9. The spray dust removal device for tunnel construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The end of the dust removal square cylinder (203) close to the sealing square cylinder (224) pushes the sealing square cylinder (224) to move via a telescopic push rod (225), and the nozzles on the diverter tubes (103) are distributed in an array, and the distance between adjacent nozzles gradually increases from the top end to the tail end of the diverter tube (103).

10. A working method of a spray dust removal device for tunnel construction, applied to a spray dust removal device for tunnel construction as claimed in any one of claims 3 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: The spray mechanism and the dust removal mechanism are moved to an area in the tunnel waiting for dust removal by means of a first trolley (201) and a second trolley (202), and then the lead screw slide (113) moves the connecting ring frame (114) so ​​that the outer support tube (104) extends forward, and then the push tube (105) moves into the outer support tube (104) to open each diagonal support transmission rod (106) in an umbrella shape, so that each diagonal support slot rod (102) and the diverter pipe (103) are unfolded in an umbrella shape, and the circumference of the end of the diverter pipe (103) matches the inner diameter of the tunnel; Step 2: spraying water mist through each shunt pipe (103), and rotating the outer support cylinder (104) at a uniform speed, so that the water mist is sprayed evenly and fills all points, and then the first trolley (201) and the second trolley (202) move forward synchronously and at the same speed, and evenly spread the water mist on various cross-sections in the tunnel ahead, so that the dust and the water mist in various spaces in the tunnel passed by are fully combined; Step 3: When dust removal is in progress, the bidirectional fan blades (209) rotate clockwise to guide the airflow in the dust removal square cylinder (203) in a direction away from the second trolley (202), so that the external dust mist is guided by the first air guide cover (213) into the dust removal square cylinder (203) and passes through each filter screen (206) in sequence, intercepting and enriching the dust according to the diameter, and at the same time rotating the support sleeve (207) to rotate the filter screen (206), so that all parts of the filter screen (206) are fully utilized; Step 4: After the dust removal is completed, the sealing square cylinder (224) moves toward the first air guide cover (213) to abut against it, forming a contact seal, and then the bidirectional fan blade (209) rotates counterclockwise to guide the airflow in the dust removal square cylinder (203) in a direction close to the second trolley (202), so that the filtered and enriched dust is blown toward the sealing square cylinder (224) and introduced into the dust filter storage bag (222) through the third hose (223), and the dust is concentrated and the air is discharged through the dust filter storage bag (222), so that the filter screen (206) can quickly restore its filtering capacity. When all the dust is enriched and stored in the dust filter storage bag (222), the sealing square cylinder (224) is retracted into the dust removal square cylinder (203) and covers the pipe mouth of the third hose (223), thereby quickly restoring the dust removal capacity.

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