Electric arc furnace wall structure based on refractory bricks and mixed building method

Abstract

The invention provides an electric arc furnace wall structure based on refractory bricks and a mixed building method, a second brick wall layer which is circularly arranged is laid at the top of a first brick wall layer, and a third brick wall layer which is circular and has a gradually enlarged diameter is laid at the top of the second brick wall layer; a round fourth brick wall layer with the diameter gradually enlarged is laid on the top of the third brick wall layer, a round fifth brick wall layer with the diameter gradually enlarged is laid on the top of the fourth brick wall layer, and a round sixth brick wall layer with the diameter gradually enlarged is laid on the top of the fifth brick wall layer. A plurality of top brick wall layers with the same diameter are laid on the top of the sixth brick wall layer, all the brick wall layers jointly form a furnace wall structure, and the space between the outer wall of the furnace wall structure and the furnace shell is filled with magnesia to form a magnesia filling layer; one third of the whole furnace wall structure adopts refractory magnesia carbon bricks, and two thirds of the whole furnace wall structure adopts refractory magnesia bricks. The peculiar smell can be obviously reduced, and no less than 65 furnaces of molten steel can be averagely formed when the furnace wall is built once.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electric arc furnaces, and particularly to an electric arc furnace wall structure based on refractory bricks and a mixed masonry method. Background Art

[0002] The inner side of the steel shell of the electric arc furnace is lined with refractory bricks to form a steelmaking molten pool. Molten steel undergoes a full oxidation-reduction reaction in the molten pool, and the molten steel in the molten pool will be fully stirred and heated to boiling. The reaction and stirring of the molten steel cause wear and tear on the refractory bricks of the furnace wall. There are mainly two types of refractory bricks, magnesite bricks and magnesia-carbon bricks, with the same size specifications.

[0003] The main component of the refractory magnesite brick is magnesia. Its structure is relatively simple, with high density, high price, no peculiar smell, but it is easy to break, not resistant to high-temperature reactions and scouring of molten steel. The furnace wall made entirely of magnesite bricks can only produce molten steel for an average of 32 heats per lining.

[0004] The refractory magnesia-carbon brick is made of magnesite, graphite carbon and binder, with a lower price. It releases odoriferous substances during chemical reactions at high temperatures, and there is a strong reaction smell within a range of 100 meters around when starting a new furnace. However, it is resistant to high-temperature reactions and scouring of molten steel. The furnace wall made entirely of magnesia-carbon bricks can produce molten steel for an average of 70 heats per lining. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides an electric arc furnace wall structure based on refractory bricks and a mixed masonry method. By mixing and laying refractory magnesite bricks and refractory magnesia-carbon bricks, it can significantly reduce peculiar smell, meet the requirements of national standard detection, greatly reduce the complaint rate, and at the same time increase the number of times the furnace body is used. After mixing, the furnace wall can produce molten steel for an average of no less than 65 heats per lining.

[0006] To achieve the above technical features, the object of the present invention is realized as follows: The electric arc furnace wall structure based on refractory bricks includes a first brick wall layer laid on the bottom layer of the furnace body. The top of the first brick wall layer is provided with a second brick wall layer arranged in a circular shape. The top of the second brick wall layer is provided with a third brick wall layer in a circular shape with a gradually expanding diameter. The top of the third brick wall layer is provided with a fourth brick wall layer in a circular shape with a gradually expanding diameter. The top of the fourth brick wall layer is provided with a fifth brick wall layer in a circular shape with a gradually expanding diameter. The top of the fifth brick wall layer is provided with a sixth brick wall layer in a circular shape with a gradually expanding diameter. The top of the sixth brick wall layer is provided with multiple top brick wall layers with equal diameters. All the brick wall layers together form the furnace wall structure. The outer wall of the furnace wall structure and the furnace shell are filled with magnesite sand to form a magnesite sand filling layer; one-third of the entire furnace wall structure uses refractory magnesia-carbon bricks, and two-thirds uses refractory magnesite bricks.

[0007] Preferably, the first brick layer is made of refractory magnesia-carbon bricks.

[0008] Preferably, the second brick layer is made of refractory magnesia bricks.

[0009] Preferably, the third and fourth brick layers are all made of refractory magnesia-carbon bricks.

[0010] Preferably, the fifth brick wall layer is made of one-quarter refractory magnesia bricks and three-quarters refractory magnesia-carbon bricks, and the refractory magnesia bricks and refractory magnesia-carbon bricks are alternately laid.

[0011] Preferably, the top brick wall layer includes a seventh brick wall layer, an eighth brick wall layer, a ninth brick wall layer, and a tenth brick wall layer that are successively stacked and have the same diameter.

[0012] Preferably, the seventh brick wall layer, the eighth brick wall layer, the ninth brick wall layer, and the tenth brick wall layer are all made of refractory magnesia bricks.

[0013] Preferably, the refractory magnesia-carbon bricks are continuously baked at a temperature of 400°C to 450°C for at least 32 to 35 hours before being laid.

[0014] Preferably, the furnace wall structure is applicable to the furnace wall of an alkaline electric arc furnace.

[0015] On the other hand, the present invention provides a hybrid laying method for an electric arc furnace wall structure based on refractory bricks, comprising the following steps: Step 1, during the production of the furnace wall structure, the first layer is entirely laid with a refractory magnesia-carbon brick base. Before using new refractory magnesia-carbon bricks, they are put into a drying resistance kiln in batches and baked at a certain temperature for a period of time; Step 2, after the first layer is laid, the second layer is then laid, and the second layer is entirely made of refractory magnesia bricks; Step 3, after the second layer is laid, the third and fourth layers are then laid, and the third and fourth layers are all laid with baked refractory magnesia-carbon bricks; Step 4, after the fourth layer is laid, the fifth layer is then laid. The fifth layer of refractory bricks uses one-quarter refractory magnesia bricks and three-quarters baked refractory magnesia-carbon bricks, and the refractory magnesia bricks and refractory magnesia-carbon bricks are alternately laid; Step 5, after the fourth layer is laid, the sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, and tenth layers are then laid, and the sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, and tenth layers are all made of magnesia bricks.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The electric arc furnace wall structure based on refractory bricks of the present invention can significantly increase the number of times the furnace body is used, greatly reduce odors, meet the national standard detection requirements, reduce the complaint rate, lower the high-intensity labor frequency of operators and the procurement cost of refractory bricks, and at the same time improve the molten steel production efficiency. 2. The furnace wall structure fabricated by the present invention seals the air vents of the furnace body after masonry. The part that does not come into contact with molten steel is magnesite brick, which does not produce odor. The magnesite-carbon brick that emits odor comes into contact with molten steel. Through electrode arc separation and reaction with oxygen in the molten steel, the odoriferous gas is further reduced. After being treated by dust removal and odor removal equipment, the odor is significantly reduced. After inspection, it fully meets the national standard requirements, and the complaint rate is also greatly reduced. On average, 65 heats of molten steel can be produced for each furnace wall masonry.

[0017] 3. The average weight of the refractory brick is 15 kg. A total of 15.5 tons of refractory bricks need to be transported for each furnace wall masonry, and it requires continuous work for three working days, with extremely high labor intensity. After extending the service life of the furnace wall, the high-intensity labor frequency of the operators is reduced, and at the same time, the production efficiency of molten steel is improved.

[0018] 4. The furnace wall of the present invention is changed from all magnesite bricks before to one-third magnesite-carbon bricks and two-thirds magnesite bricks now, and the cost of the bricks is greatly reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

[0020] Figure 1 It is the overall structure diagram of the furnace wall structure of the present invention.

[0021] In the figure: the first brick wall layer 1, the second brick wall layer 2, the third brick wall layer 3, the fourth brick wall layer 4, the fifth brick wall layer 5, the sixth brick wall layer 6, the seventh brick wall layer 7, the eighth brick wall layer 8, the ninth brick wall layer 9, the tenth brick wall layer 10, and the magnesia filling layer 11. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0022] The embodiments of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings.

[0023] Embodiment 1: Refer to Figure 1, An electric arc furnace wall structure based on refractory bricks, including a first brick wall layer 1 laid on the bottom layer of the furnace body. On the top of the first brick wall layer 1, a second brick wall layer 2 arranged in a circular shape is laid. On the top of the second brick wall layer 2, a third brick wall layer 3 in a circular shape with a gradually expanding diameter is laid. On the top of the third brick wall layer 3, a fourth brick wall layer 4 in a circular shape with a gradually expanding diameter is laid. On the top of the fourth brick wall layer 4, a fifth brick wall layer 5 in a circular shape with a gradually expanding diameter is laid. On the top of the fifth brick wall layer 5, a sixth brick wall layer 6 in a circular shape with a gradually expanding diameter is laid. On the top of the sixth brick wall layer 6, multiple top brick wall layers with equal diameters are laid. All the brick wall layers together form the furnace wall structure. Between the outer wall of the furnace wall structure and the furnace shell, magnesia sand is filled to form a magnesia sand filling layer 11; one-third of the entire furnace wall structure uses refractory magnesia-carbon bricks, and two-thirds uses refractory magnesia bricks. By adopting the above-mentioned electric arc furnace wall structure based on refractory bricks, the service life of the furnace body can be significantly improved, the peculiar smell can be greatly reduced, the national standard detection requirements can be met, the complaint rate can be reduced, the high-intensity labor frequency of the operators and the procurement cost of refractory bricks can be reduced, and at the same time, the molten steel production efficiency can be improved.

[0024] Further, the first brick layer 1 is made of refractory magnesia-carbon bricks. By using refractory magnesia-carbon bricks at the bottom layer, it can effectively resist the erosion of high-temperature molten steel, thereby prolonging the strength and service life of its furnace wall structure. Moreover, being located at the bottom layer, its reaction odor is not easily volatilized, thereby effectively avoiding the problem of odor volatilization.

[0025] Further, the second brick layer 2 is made of refractory magnesia bricks. By using refractory magnesia bricks, the cost is reduced to a certain extent.

[0026] Further, the third brick layer 3 and the fourth brick layer 4 are all made of refractory magnesia-carbon bricks. By using refractory magnesia-carbon bricks, the effect of resisting the erosion of molten steel is enhanced.

[0027] Further, the fifth brick wall layer 5 is made of one-fourth refractory magnesia bricks and three-fourths refractory magnesia-carbon bricks, and the refractory magnesia bricks and refractory magnesia-carbon bricks are alternately laid. By alternately laying refractory magnesia bricks and refractory magnesia-carbon bricks, while ensuring the performance of the wall, the cost is reduced.

[0028] Further, the top brick wall layer includes a seventh brick wall layer 7, an eighth brick wall layer 8, a ninth brick wall layer 9, and a tenth brick wall layer 10 that are stacked and laid in sequence and have equal diameters. Through the top brick wall layer, the top structure of the furnace body can be formed.

[0029] Further, the seventh brick wall layer 7, the eighth brick wall layer 8, the ninth brick wall layer 9, and the tenth brick wall layer 10 are all made of refractory magnesia bricks. By using refractory magnesia bricks, the cost is effectively reduced.

[0030] Furthermore, before the refractory magnesia-carbon bricks are laid, they are continuously baked at a temperature of 400°C to 450°C for at least 32 to 35 hours.

[0031] Furthermore, before the refractory magnesia-carbon bricks are laid, they are baked at 400°C for 32 hours.

[0032] Furthermore, the furnace wall structure is applicable to the furnace wall of an alkaline electric arc furnace.

[0033] Example 2: On the other hand, the present invention provides a hybrid laying method for an electric arc furnace wall structure based on refractory bricks, comprising the following steps: Step 1, during the production of the furnace wall structure, the first layer is entirely laid with refractory magnesia-carbon bricks as a base. Before use, the new refractory magnesia-carbon bricks are put into a drying resistance kiln in batches and baked at a certain temperature for a period of time; Step 2, after the first layer is laid, the second layer is then laid, and the second layer is entirely laid with refractory bricks; Step 3, after the second layer is laid, the third and fourth layers are then laid, and the third and fourth layers are entirely laid with baked refractory magnesia-carbon bricks; Step 4, after the fourth layer is laid, the fifth layer is then laid. For the fifth layer of refractory bricks, one-quarter refractory bricks and three-quarters baked refractory magnesia-carbon bricks are used for laying, and the refractory bricks and refractory magnesia-carbon bricks are laid alternately; Step 5, after the fourth layer is laid, the sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, and tenth layers are then laid, and the sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, and tenth layers are entirely laid with magnesia bricks.

[0034] The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but it is only one of the embodiments, and the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. For those skilled in the art, any equivalent modifications and substitutions made to the present invention are also within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, equivalent transformations and modifications made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should all be covered within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electric arc furnace wall structure based on refractory bricks, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first brick wall layer (1) laid on the bottom layer of the furnace body, a second brick wall layer (2) arranged in a circular shape is laid on the top of the first brick wall layer (1), a third brick wall layer (3) arranged in a circular shape and with a gradually increasing diameter is laid on the top of the second brick wall layer (2), a fourth brick wall layer (4) arranged in a circular shape and with a gradually increasing diameter is laid on the top of the third brick wall layer (3), a fifth brick wall layer (5) arranged in a circular shape and with a gradually increasing diameter is laid on the top of the fourth brick wall layer (4), a sixth brick wall layer (6) arranged in a circular shape and with a gradually increasing diameter is laid on the top of the fifth brick wall layer (5), and a plurality of top brick wall layers with equal diameters are laid on the top of the sixth brick wall layer (6), all the brick wall layers together constitute a furnace wall structure, and the outer wall of the furnace wall structure and the furnace shell are filled with magnesia to form a magnesia filling layer (11); one third of the entire furnace wall structure is made of refractory magnesia-carbon bricks, and two thirds are made of refractory magnesia bricks.

2. The electric arc furnace wall structure based on refractory bricks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first brick layer (1) is made of refractory magnesia carbon bricks.

3. The electric arc furnace wall structure based on refractory bricks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second brick layer (2) is made of refractory magnesia bricks.

4. The electric arc furnace wall structure based on refractory bricks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third brick layer (3) and the fourth brick layer (4) are all made of refractory magnesia carbon bricks.

5. The electric arc furnace wall structure based on refractory bricks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fifth brick wall layer (5) is made of one quarter refractory magnesia bricks and three quarters refractory magnesia-carbon bricks, and the refractory magnesia bricks and refractory magnesia-carbon bricks are laid alternately.

6. The electric arc furnace wall structure based on refractory bricks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top brick wall layer comprises a seventh brick wall layer (7), an eighth brick wall layer (8), a ninth brick wall layer (9) and a tenth brick wall layer (10) which are stacked in sequence and have equal diameters.

7. The electric arc furnace wall structure based on refractory bricks according to claim 6, characterized in that: The seventh brick wall layer (7), the eighth brick wall layer (8), the ninth brick wall layer (9) and the tenth brick wall layer (10) are all made of refractory magnesia bricks.

8. The electric arc furnace wall structure based on refractory bricks according to claim 6, characterized in that: The refractory magnesia carbon bricks are baked at a temperature of 400° C. to 450° C. for at least 32 to 35 hours before being laid.

9. The electric arc furnace wall structure based on refractory bricks according to claim 6, characterized in that: The furnace wall structure is suitable for the furnace wall of an alkaline electric arc furnace.

10. The hybrid masonry method of the electric arc furnace wall structure based on refractory bricks according to any one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: During the production of the furnace wall structure, the first layer is made entirely of refractory magnesia carbon bricks. Before use, the new refractory magnesia carbon bricks are placed in batches in a drying resistance kiln and baked at a certain temperature for a period of time; Step 2, after the first layer is completed, the second layer is built, and the second layer is built entirely with refractory magnesia bricks; Step 3, after the second layer is completed, the third and fourth layers are built, and the third and fourth layers are all built with baked refractory magnesia carbon bricks; Step 4, after the fourth layer is completed, the fifth layer is laid, and the fifth layer of refractory bricks are laid using one quarter of refractory magnesia bricks and three quarters of baked refractory magnesia carbon bricks, and the refractory magnesia bricks and refractory magnesia carbon bricks are laid alternately; Step 5, after the fourth layer is completed, the sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth and tenth layers are laid, and the sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth and tenth layers are all laid with magnesium bricks.

Images