Steering Column Performance Test Bench and Its Testing Method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a steering column performance test bench and its test method, which relates to the technical field of steering column performance testing. The steering column performance test bench includes a detection table, a servo motor, and a driving assembly for driving the upper surface of the detection table to rotate; a mounting frame, and a first hydraulic rod is hinged on the mounting frame. The other end of the first hydraulic rod and the lower position on the outer side of the mounting frame are hinged to the same connecting plate. Two clamping members are arranged up and down on the outer side of the connecting plate. The upper and lower two clamping members on the same side are used in cooperation to clamp the steering column; a moving assembly for driving the mounting frame, the first hydraulic rod above it, the clamping members, and the steering column to move horizontally back and forth. The present invention can sequentially perform multiple performance tests on the same steering column, has a high degree of automation, shortens the overall test time, and improves the test efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of steering column performance testing, and particularly to a steering column performance testing test bench and a testing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The steering column is an important part of the vehicle steering system and is a component connecting the steering wheel and the steering mechanism. It mainly consists of a steering shaft, a steering column sleeve, a universal joint, etc., and plays roles such as transmitting the steering torque, supporting the steering wheel, and absorbing energy during a vehicle collision.

[0003] As the core transmission component of the vehicle steering system, the technological evolution of the steering column is closely related to the development of the automotive industry. In the early days, the mechanical steering column adopted a simple two-section sleeve and universal joint structure, which could only achieve the basic function of steering force transmission. With the popularization of the electric power steering technology, integrating the motor module inside the column has become a standard configuration, with intelligent functions such as power steering and damping adjustment. In recent years, the rise of the steer-by-wire system has put forward higher requirements for the column, which needs to support electronic signal transmission and redundant safety design. The future development trend focuses on lightweight, high compatibility, and extreme environment adaptability.

[0004] The performance testing of the steering column is the core link to ensure the safety and reliability of the vehicle steering system. Its necessity stems from multiple requirements for driving safety, regulatory compliance, and technological iteration: it is necessary to verify its anti-torsion stiffness, fatigue life, and collision energy absorption ability under complex road conditions, and at the same time, cope with the challenges brought by new technologies such as steer-by-wire.

[0005] Currently, the main testing items for the steering column performance testing are as follows:

[0006] Durability testing, using an electric vibration table and a multi-axis linkage system to simulate road conditions vibration and cyclic loads, and conducting hundreds of thousands of fatigue tests to evaluate failure modes such as thread wear and connection loosening.

[0007] Corrosion and environmental resistance testing, through a salt spray test chamber, a temperature control box, and an ultraviolet aging box, to evaluate the material corrosion, coating peeling, and functional stability of the steering column in environments such as the ocean, extreme temperature, and sunlight.

[0008] Connection reliability testing, using an axial tensile testing machine to verify the tensile strength of the spline / bolt, and checking the tightening torque with a torque wrench to ensure the connection firmness of the steering column with the steering wheel and the steering gear, and prevent loosening or breakage caused by vibration or impact.

[0009] Noise and vibration testing, with the help of an acoustic analyzer and a laser vibrometer, to detect the noise spectrum and surface vibration during the steering operation, locate the noise sources such as bearing wear and spline clearance, and optimize the NVH performance.

[0010] Currently, various tests are carried out on the steering column by multiple different test institutions. During the testing process, it is necessary to manually transfer the steering column from one test institution to the next, resulting in a low degree of automation. In addition, the existing test system cannot obtain the comprehensive performance of the steering column. Therefore, a performance test bench for the steering column and its test method are proposed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0011] In view of the above deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a performance test bench and test method for a steering column that can sequentially perform multiple performance tests on the same steering column, with a high degree of automation, shortening the overall test time, and improving the test efficiency.

[0012] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a performance test bench for a steering column, including a detection table, which is a rotatable support frame with a circular upper surface; a servo motor, which is installed on the outer bottom surface of the inner side of the detection table by screws; a driving component, which is located in the middle part of the detection table and is connected to the servo motor for driving the upper surface of the detection table to rotate; a mounting frame, which is symmetrically arranged above the detection table, and a first hydraulic rod is hinged on the mounting frame. The other end of the first hydraulic rod and the lower position of the outer side of the mounting frame are hinged to the same connecting plate. Two clamping members are arranged up and down on the outer side of the connecting plate, and the upper and lower two clamping members on the same side are used in cooperation to clamp the steering column; a moving component, which is located on the upper surface of the detection table and is arranged at the bottom of the mounting frame for driving the mounting frame, the first hydraulic rod, the clamping members and the steering column above it to perform horizontal reciprocating movement; along the circumferential direction of the outside of the detection table, a durability test bench for the steering column, a noise and vibration test device, an environmental resistance test device and a corrosion test device are sequentially placed.

[0013] Further, the detection table includes a tabletop, a rotating column and a base, which are arranged from top to bottom in sequence. The lower end of the rotating column is rotatably connected to the base, and the servo motor is installed on the base; the mounting frame includes a cross plate and a frame body part, and the frame body part is installed on the upper end of the cross plate by screws, and the cross plate is installed on the moving component.

[0014] Further, the driving component includes a first gear and a toothed ring meshed with it. The first gear is installed on the output end of the servo motor, and the toothed ring is sleeved outside the rotating column and is fixedly connected to the rotating column.

[0015] Further, the moving component includes two linear motors, which are installed between the tabletop and the cross plate and can drive the cross plate and the structures on it to perform horizontal reciprocating movement.

[0016] Furthermore, the driving assembly includes a rotating mechanism and a vertical movement mechanism. The rotating mechanism is connected to the servo motor, and the vertical movement mechanism is connected to the rotating mechanism. The vertical movement mechanism is arranged on one side of the moving assembly and is clamped and connected thereto. The vertical movement mechanism enables the moving assembly to operate by rotating the required angle through the rotating mechanism and the servo motor, causing the mounting bracket and the structures thereon to move horizontally in a reciprocating manner. The rotating mechanism includes two meshing fifth gears, and first transmission members are respectively installed on the two fifth gears. One fifth gear is installed at the output end of the servo motor, and the first transmission member on this fifth gear is installed at its upper end. Two coaxially arranged fourth gears are installed at the lower end of this first transmission member. The two fourth gears are rotatably connected to each other and are installed on the base through a frame. The two fourth gears are irregular gears, and the sides with teeth of the two fourth gears are arranged in a staggered manner. The first transmission member on the other fifth gear is installed at its lower end, and the other end of this first transmission member is installed at the lower end of the lower fourth gear. A sixth gear is coaxially installed between this fifth gear and the first transmission member below it. The sixth gear is an irregular gear, and a seventh gear is intermittently meshed with the side of the sixth gear away from the servo motor. A second transmission member is installed at the upper end of the seventh gear, and the other end of the second transmission member is fixedly sleeved outside the rotating column. The vertical movement mechanism includes a clamping block, a lead screw, a guide rod, and a fixed frame. The clamping block is sleeved outside the lead screw and the guide rod and is threadedly connected to the lead screw. The lead screw and the guide rod are installed at the inner top of the fixed frame. The fixed frame is in an inverted L shape and is fixed on the base. Two third gears are coaxially arranged at the lower end of the lead screw. The clamping block includes a clamping portion and a moving portion. The clamping portion is fixed on the side of the moving portion close to the rotating column and is formed by two upper and lower clamping plates, which are clamped on the moving assembly. The moving portion is sleeved outside the lead screw and the guide rod. The upper third gear is intermittently meshed with the upper fourth gear, and the lower third gear is intermittently meshed with the lower fourth gear, for driving the lead screw to rotate forward and backward, realizing the vertical movement of the clamping block.

[0017] Furthermore, the moving assembly includes a mounting ring, push rods, fixing plates, limiting rods, and mounting blocks. The mounting ring is sleeved outside the rotating column. The push rods are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the mounting ring, and the lower ends of the push rods are rotatably connected to the outer side surface of the mounting ring. The mounting blocks are symmetrically fixed at the bottoms of the two cross plates. The upper end of the push rod on the same side is rotatably installed at the bottom of the middle part of the mounting block on this side and penetrates through the tabletop. The fixing plates are symmetrically arranged on the tabletop and are fixed at the upper edge of the tabletop. The limiting rods are horizontally symmetrically arranged between the two fixing plates, and the pointing direction is the same as the sliding direction of the mounting blocks. The limiting rods penetrate through the mounting blocks at the bottoms of the two cross plates, realizing the sliding guidance of the mounting blocks. One side of the mounting ring is clamped with the clamping portion in the clamping block. The mounting ring drives its up and down movement through the clamping block, so that the push rods on both sides push the mounting blocks, the cross plates, and pull down the mounting blocks and the cross plates, realizing the horizontal reciprocating movement of the cross plates and the structures thereon.

[0018] Further, the clamping member includes two symmetrically arranged toothed plates and two symmetrically arranged mounting plates. The mounting plates on the same side are arranged below the toothed plates. The toothed plate includes a toothing portion and a connecting portion. The connecting portion is arranged at the outer part of the bottom of the toothing portion, and the connecting portion extends into the mounting plate and is slidably connected thereto. Both the toothed plate and the mounting plate are semi-circular rings. The toothing portion of the toothed plate on one side is meshed with a second gear. The second gear is rotatably connected with a connecting block. The mounting plate below the toothed plate on this side is fixedly arranged at the inner bottom of the connecting block. A rotating block is installed at the upper end of the second gear. The rotating block is arranged above the connecting block. One end of the mounting plate on the other side is rotatably installed in the connecting block, forming a clip shape that can be opened and closed on one side with the mounting plate fixedly arranged in the connecting block. A second hydraulic rod is hingedly installed between the outer side of the rotatable mounting plate and the side wall of the connecting block. The connecting block is fixedly arranged on the connecting plate. Two elastic limit members are fixedly arranged on the connecting block for limiting the rotating block. A hemispherical groove adapted to the elastic limit member is opened at the bottom of the rotating block. Clamping blocks are linearly arranged along the semi-circumference on the inner side of the mounting plate. A sliding block is fixedly arranged on the side of the clamping block close to the mounting plate. A convex block is fixedly arranged at the part of the upper end of the sliding block away from the clamping block. An arc-shaped chute adapted to the convex block is opened on the toothed plate on the same side. A semi-circular ring-shaped limit block is installed at the inner bottom of the mounting plate by screws. A plurality of grooves adapted to the sliding blocks are opened on the limit block. A stop block is arranged in the groove. The sliding block covers the outside of the corresponding stop block, and a connecting spring is fixedly arranged between the inner side wall of the end of the sliding block away from the stop block and the stop block.

[0019] The test method of the steering column performance test bench includes the following steps: obtaining the test parameter set stored in the data repository, and based on the test parameter set, obtaining the test results of each test; based on the test results of each test, obtaining the test performance qualification rate of each test; based on the test performance qualification rate of each test, obtaining the comprehensive performance of the steering column.

[0020] Further, obtaining the test performance qualification rate of each test specifically includes the following steps: the test parameter set includes noise and vibration test parameters, durability test parameters, environmental resistance test parameters, and corrosion test parameters; the noise and vibration test parameters include various part parameters, and the part parameters include noise spectrum, vibration amplitude, and vibration frequency. Based on each part parameter, the noise and vibration test values of each part are analyzed; the calculation formula of the noise and vibration test value is:

[0021] ;

[0022] In the formula: is the noise and vibration test value at the vibration frequency , is the actual pressure value of the noise at the vibration frequency , is the vibration amplitude at the vibration frequency ; is the intensity of the noise, p is the actual pressure value of the noise, is the reference sound pressure, is the initial vibration amplitude, A is the vibration amplitude, F is the external force, k is the system stiffness, is the frequency response function, is at the vibration frequency the displacement response value, is at the vibration frequency the external force at, m is the mass of the steering concern, c is the damping coefficient, is the vibration frequency, j is the imaginary unit; Based on the noise and vibration test values of each part, determine whether there is abnormal noise in each part: Compare the noise and vibration test values of each part with the noise and vibration test thresholds of the corresponding parts in turn. If the noise and vibration test values are greater than the noise and vibration test thresholds, there is no abnormal noise; If the noise and vibration test values are not greater than the noise and vibration test thresholds, there is abnormal noise, and the position is recorded; Based on the number of abnormal noise positions, analyze and obtain the passing rate of the test performance of the noise and vibration test; The durability test parameters include stress amplitude, number of cycles, material constant, material fatigue index. Based on the durability test parameters, obtain the cumulative damage value and analyze and obtain the predicted total life; The calculation formula for the predicted total life is:

[0023] ;

[0024] In the formula: is the predicted total life, is the remaining life, is the material at the number of cycles that can be endured, is the i-th stress amplitude, C is the material constant, cp is the material fatigue index, D is the cumulative damage value, is the material at the actual number of cycles, is the material at the force, is the cross-sectional area, i is the stress amplitude number, n is the total number of stress amplitudes; Compare the predicted total life with the predicted life threshold. If the predicted total life is greater than the predicted life threshold, the passing rate of the test performance of the durability test is 100%; If the predicted total life is not greater than the predicted life threshold, analyze and obtain the passing rate of the test performance of the durability test; The environmental resistance test parameters include temperature range value, humidity range value, material expansion coefficient, material moisture absorption rate, and analyze and obtain the comprehensive expansion value; The calculation formula for the comprehensive expansion value is:

[0025] ;

[0026] In the formula: is the change value of the material length under temperature change, is the coefficient of thermal expansion of the material, is the initial length of the material, is the temperature change value, is the change value of the material length under humidity change, is the hygroscopic expansion coefficient of the material, is the humidity change value, is the comprehensive expansion value; the absolute value of the expansion value difference is obtained by successively subtracting the comprehensive expansion value from each reference expansion value stored in the data repository. The qualified rate of the test performance of the environmental resistance test corresponding to the reference expansion value corresponding to the smallest absolute value of the expansion value difference is the qualified rate of the test performance of the environmental resistance test of the comprehensive expansion value; the corrosion test parameters include the corrosion duration, corrosion area, and weight loss, and the corrosion rate is analyzed; the calculation formula of the corrosion rate is:

[0027] ;

[0028] In the formula: R is the corrosion rate, W is the weight loss value, is the corrosion area, and t is the corrosion duration; the absolute value of the corrosion rate difference is obtained by successively subtracting the corrosion rate from each reference corrosion rate stored in the data repository. The qualified rate of the test performance of the corrosion test corresponding to the reference corrosion rate corresponding to the smallest absolute value of the corrosion rate difference is the qualified rate of the test performance of the corrosion test of the corrosion rate.

[0029] Furthermore, the qualified rates of the test performance of the noise and vibration test, durability test, environmental resistance test, and corrosion test are recorded as test performance data; the test performance data is compared with the test performance reference data of each reference steering column stored in the data repository. The absolute value of the comprehensive test performance difference is obtained by subtracting the corresponding reference parameters in each group of test performance reference data from the parameters in the test performance data. The comprehensive performance of the steering column corresponding to the test performance reference data corresponding to the smallest absolute value of the comprehensive test performance difference is the comprehensive performance of the steering column of the current test performance data.

[0030] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] (1) The steering column performance test bench, through the cooperation of the detection bench, servo motor, drive assembly, mounting frame, connecting plate, first hydraulic rod, clamping member, and moving assembly, is used to successively transport the same steering column for multiple performance tests, realizing the automatic transportation of multiple detection stations of the steering column, with a high degree of automation, shortening the overall test time, and improving the test efficiency.

[0032] (2) The steering column performance test bench can adjust the tilt angle of the clamped steering column according to test requirements by using the first hydraulic rod, connecting plate, mounting frame and clamping member, which is easy to use and highly flexible.

[0033] (3) The steering column performance test bench is used to clamp the steering column by using the rotating block, the second gear, the gear plate, the mounting plate, the clamping block, the sliding block, the protrusion, the slide groove, the stop block and the connecting spring. It can clamp steering columns of different diameters and has high adaptability.

[0034] (4) The testing method of the steering column performance test bench ensures the high quality of the steering column in design, manufacturing and use through comprehensive performance testing. Problems are discovered through testing during the design and development stages to avoid large-scale failures during mass production or use, reducing maintenance and recall costs. Durability testing and environmental resistance testing ensure the safety of the steering column in long-term use and extreme environments, reducing safety accidents caused by failure. The accumulation and analysis of test data provide data support for the design optimization of the steering column and promote technological progress and product iteration. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the clamping member of the present invention clamping the steering column;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the clamping member of the present invention after it is opened;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the connection between the rotating block and the elastic limiting member of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of the clamping block when not clamped;

[0040] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of the clamping block during clamping according to the present invention;

[0041] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure inside the mounting plate of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 8 This is a schematic structural diagram of Example 2 of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 9 This is a partial structural diagram of Example 2 of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0044] Figure 10 This is a partial structural diagram of Example 2 of the present invention.Figure 2 ;

[0045] Figure 11 Partial structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention Figure 3 ;

[0046] Figure 12 Overall structural layout schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 13 Flow schematic diagram of the test method of the steering column performance test bench of the present invention.

[0048] In the figure, 1, tabletop; 2, rotating column; 3, base; 4, toothed ring; 5, first gear; 6, servo motor; 7, linear motor; 8, mounting bracket; 9, first hydraulic rod; 10, connecting plate; 11, connecting block; 12, rotating block; 13, second gear; 14, toothed plate; 15, mounting plate; 16, second hydraulic rod; 17, clamping block; 18, slider; 19, convex block; 20, chute; 21, stop block; 22, connecting spring; 23, limiting block; 24, mounting block; 25, limiting rod; 26, fixing plate; 27, push rod; 28, mounting ring; 29, clamping block; 30, lead screw; 31, guide rod; 32, fixing frame; 33, third gear; 34, fourth gear; 35, first transmission member; 36, fifth gear; 37, sixth gear; 38, seventh gear; 39, second transmission member; 40, elastic limiting member. Detailed implementation manners

[0049] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0050] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "opening", "upper", "lower", "thickness", "top", "middle", "length", "inner", "periphery", etc. indicating the orientation or position relationship are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the components or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0051] Next, according to Figures 1 - 12 Describe the steering column performance test bench provided by the embodiments of the present invention.

[0052] Embodiment 1, please refer to Figures 1 - 7 And Figure 12, A steering column performance test bench, including a detection bench which is a rotatable support frame with a circular upper surface; a servo motor 6 which is installed on the outer bottom surface of the inner side of the detection bench by screws; a driving component which is located in the middle of the detection bench and is connected to the servo motor 6 for driving the upper surface of the detection bench to rotate; an installation frame 8 which is symmetrically arranged above the detection bench, and a first hydraulic rod 9 is hinged on the installation frame 8. The other end of the first hydraulic rod 9 and the lower position on the outer side of the installation frame 8 are hinged to the same connecting plate 10. Two clamping pieces are arranged up and down on the outer side of the connecting plate 10. The two clamping pieces on the same side cooperate with each other to clamp the steering column; a moving component which is located on the upper surface of the detection bench and is arranged at the bottom of the installation frame 8 for driving the installation frame 8, the first hydraulic rod 9 above it, the clamping pieces and the steering column to move horizontally back and forth. Along the circumferential direction of the outside of the detection bench, a steering column durability test bench, a noise and vibration test device, an environmental resistance test device and a corrosion test device are sequentially placed in a ring. During the rotation of the table surface 1, the clamping pieces clamp the steering column and pass through the steering column durability test bench (for non-destructive testing), the noise and vibration test device, and the environmental resistance test device in sequence. After the above three tests, when reaching the corrosion test device, the steering column can be put into the corrosion test device.

[0053] The steering column durability test bench mostly adopts an electric vibration table and a multi-axis linkage system, collects vibration data and cyclic load spectra according to the actual road conditions, and accurately simulates various complex working conditions. It can conduct hundreds of thousands or even millions of fatigue tests on the steering column, so as to effectively evaluate its failure modes such as thread wear, connection looseness, and material fatigue during long-term use, and judge the fatigue life of the product.

[0054] The noise and vibration test device uses equipment such as an acoustic analyzer and a laser vibrometer. The acoustic analyzer can accurately detect the noise spectrum generated during the steering operation and obtain information such as the frequency and intensity of the noise; the laser vibrometer can non-contact measure parameters such as the vibration amplitude and vibration frequency on the surface of the steering column, and locate the sources of abnormal noises such as bearing wear and excessive spline clearance.

[0055] The environmental resistance test device uses a temperature control box to simulate extreme temperature environments (high temperature, low temperature), and uses an ultraviolet aging box to simulate the sunlight environment. It can accurately control environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity, and light intensity, and comprehensively evaluate the material corrosion, coating peeling, and performance stability of the steering column in different harsh environments.

[0056] The corrosion test device mainly adopts a salt spray corrosion test to conduct a corrosion test on the steering column in a specific salt spray environment. By controlling parameters such as salt spray concentration, spraying time, and test temperature, it simulates the corrosion conditions in actual use.

[0057] Specifically, the detection table includes a tabletop 1, a rotating column 2, and a base 3. The tabletop 1, the rotating column 2, and the base 3 are arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The lower end of the rotating column 2 is rotatably connected to the base 3, and the servo motor 6 is installed on the base 3; the mounting bracket 8 includes a cross plate and a frame part. The frame part is installed on the upper end of the cross plate by screws, and the cross plate is installed on the moving component.

[0058] The driving component includes a first gear 5 and a gear ring 4 meshed with it. The first gear 5 is installed at the output end of the servo motor 6. The gear ring 4 is sleeved outside the rotating column 2 and is fixedly connected to the rotating column 2.

[0059] The moving component includes two linear motors 7. The linear motors 7 are installed between the tabletop 1 and the cross plate by screws and are used to drive the cross plate and the structures thereon to perform horizontal reciprocating movements.

[0060] In this implementation scheme, the servo motor 6 drives the first gear 5 to rotate. The first gear 5 is meshed with the gear ring 4, so that the gear ring 4 drives the rotating column 2, the tabletop 1 installed on the rotating column 2, and various structures installed on the tabletop 1 to rotate. After each 90-degree rotation, the servo motor 6 stops operating. Subsequently, the linear motor 7 operates to drive the mounting bracket 8 and the structures installed thereon to move into the corresponding test device. After reaching the position to be tested, the linear motor 7 stops operating. There are two linear motors 7 on the tabletop 1, which can drive two sets of structures clamping the steering column to perform horizontal movements to test two steering columns and improve the test efficiency.

[0061] Specifically, the clamping member includes two symmetrically arranged toothed plates 14 and two symmetrically arranged mounting plates 15. The mounting plates 15 on the same side are arranged below the toothed plates 14. The toothed plate 14 includes a toothed connection part and a connection part. The connection part is arranged at the outer part of the bottom of the toothed connection part. The connection part extends into the mounting plate 15 and is slidably connected to it. Both the toothed plate 14 and the mounting plate 15 are semicircular rings.

[0062] The toothed connection part of the toothed plate 14 on one side is meshed with a second gear 13. The second gear 13 is rotatably connected to a connection block 11. The mounting plate 15 below the toothed plate 14 on this side is fixedly arranged at the inner bottom of the connection block 11. A rotating block 12 is installed at the upper end of the second gear 13. The rotating block 12 is arranged above the connection block 11. One end of the mounting plate 15 on the other side is rotatably installed in the connection block 11, forming a clip shape that can be opened and closed on one side with the mounting plate 15 fixed in the connection block 11. A second hydraulic rod 16 is hinged and installed between the outer side of the rotatable mounting plate 15 and the side wall of the connection block 11. The connection block 11 is fixedly arranged on the connection plate 10; as Figure 4As shown in the figure, a plurality of elastic limit members 40 are fixedly arranged on the connecting block 11 for limiting the rotating block 12. A hemispherical groove adapted to the elastic limit member 40 is provided at the bottom of the rotating block 12 to limit the rotating block 12 before and after rotation, so as to limit the toothed plate 14 through the second gear 13 and prevent the toothed plate 14 from reversing due to the rebounding force of the connecting spring 22. The elastic limit member 40 includes a sphere and a spring.

[0063] Clamping blocks 17 are linearly arranged along the semi - circumference on the inner side of the mounting plate 15. A sliding block 18 is fixedly arranged on the side of the clamping block 17 close to the mounting plate 15. A convex block 19 is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the sliding block 18 away from the clamping block 17. An arc - shaped sliding groove 20 adapted to the convex block 19 is provided on the toothed plate 14 on the same side.

[0064] A semi - circular - ring - shaped limit block 23 is installed at the bottom of the inner side of the mounting plate 15 by screws. A plurality of grooves adapted to the sliding blocks 18 are provided on the limit block 23. A stop block 21 is arranged in the groove. The sliding block 18 covers the outside of the corresponding stop block 21, and a connecting spring 22 is fixedly arranged between the inner side wall of the end of the sliding block 18 away from the stop block 21 and the stop block 21.

[0065] In this embodiment, when it is necessary to clamp the steering column, the steering column is placed between the two opened mounting plates 15. The second hydraulic rod 16 operates to make one side of the mounting plate 15 and the structures thereon rotate and fit with the other side of the mounting plate 15. Then the second hydraulic rod 16 stops operating. Rotate the rotating block 12 to drive the second gear 13 to rotate, so that the two toothed plates 14 rotate in the two mounting plates 15, the sliding groove 20 moves, squeezes the convex block 19, so that the sliding block 18 pushes the clamping block 17 towards the position where the steering column is located, and the connecting spring 22 is compressed until the clamping block 17 is in close contact with the steering column. Stop rotating to realize the clamping of the steering column. This setting can clamp steering columns with different diameters and different parts thereof, with high applicability. Through the action of the first hydraulic rod 9, the inclination angle of the connecting plate 10 can be changed according to the test requirements, so as to change the inclination angle of the steering column clamped by the clamping member, with high flexibility.

[0066] During use, place a steering column between the upper and lower clamping members on the same side. The second hydraulic rod 16 operates, causing the mounting plate 15 on one side and the structures thereon to rotate. After fitting with the mounting plate 15 on the other side, the second hydraulic rod 16 stops operating. Screw the rotating block 12, and the rotating block 12 separates from an elastic limiting member 40 below it, driving the second gear 13 to rotate, causing the two toothed plates 14 to rotate in the two mounting plates 15. The sliding groove 20 moves, squeezing the convex block 19, causing the slider 18 to push the clamping block 17 towards the position of the steering column. The connecting spring 22 is compressed until the clamping block 17 is in close contact with the steering column. Stop screwing to achieve clamping of the steering column. At this time, the rotating block 12 is engaged with another elastic limiting member 40 below it to limit the rotating block 12, thereby limiting the toothed plate 14 through the second gear 13 to prevent the toothed plate 14 from reversing due to the rebound force of the connecting spring 22.

[0067] The servo motor 6 drives the first gear 5 to rotate. The first gear 5 is meshed and connected with the toothed ring 4, causing the toothed ring 4 to drive the rotating column 2, the table 1 mounted on the rotating column 2, and the various structures mounted on the table 1 to rotate. After each 90-degree rotation, the servo motor 6 stops operating. Subsequently, the linear motor 7 operates, driving the mounting bracket 8 and the structures mounted thereon to move into the corresponding test device. After reaching the position to be tested, the linear motor 7 stops operating, and then the test can be carried out.

[0068] Example 2, please refer to Figures 8 - 11 , specifically, the difference from Example 1 is that the driving assembly includes a rotating mechanism and an up-and-down moving mechanism. The rotating mechanism is connected to the servo motor 6, the up-and-down moving mechanism is connected to the rotating mechanism, the up-and-down moving mechanism is arranged on one side of the moving assembly and is clamped to it. The up-and-down moving mechanism makes the moving assembly operate by rotating the required angle through the rotating mechanism with the servo motor 6, causing the mounting bracket 8 and the structures thereon to move horizontally back and forth.

[0069] The rotating mechanism includes two meshed fifth gears 36. First transmission members 35 are respectively installed on the two fifth gears 36. One fifth gear 36 is installed at the output end of the servo motor 6. The first transmission member 35 on this fifth gear 36 is installed at its upper end, and two coaxially arranged fourth gears 34 are installed at the lower end of this first transmission member 35. The two fourth gears 34 are rotatably connected and are installed on the base 3 through a frame. The two fourth gears 34 are irregular gears, and the sides with teeth of the two fourth gears 34 are arranged in a staggered manner.

[0070] A first transmission member 35 on another fifth gear 36 is installed at its lower end, and the other end of the first transmission member 35 is installed at the lower end of the lower fourth gear 34. A sixth gear 37 is coaxially installed between the fifth gear 36 and the first transmission member 35 below it. The sixth gear 37 is an irregular gear, and a seventh gear 38 is intermittently meshed and connected to the side away from the servo motor 6. A second transmission member 39 is installed at the upper end of the seventh gear 38, and the other end of the second transmission member 39 is fixedly sleeved outside the rotating column 2.

[0071] The up and down moving mechanism includes a clamping block 29, a lead screw 30, a guide rod 31 and a fixing frame 32. The clamping block 29 is sleeved outside the lead screw 30 and the guide rod 31 and is threadedly connected to the lead screw 30. The lead screw 30 and the guide rod 31 are installed at the inner top of the fixing frame 32. The fixing frame 32 is in an inverted L shape and is fixed on the base 3. Two third gears 33 are coaxially arranged at the lower end of the lead screw 30.

[0072] The clamping block 29 includes a clamping part and a moving part. The clamping part is fixed on the side of the moving part close to the rotating column 2 and is formed by two upper and lower clamping plates, which are clamped on the moving component. The moving part is sleeved outside the lead screw 30 and the guide rod 31.

[0073] The upper third gear 33 is intermittently meshed and connected to the upper fourth gear 34, and the lower third gear 33 is intermittently meshed and connected to the lower fourth gear 34, which is used to drive the lead screw 30 to rotate forward and backward to realize the up and down movement of the clamping block 29. The radius of the fourth gear 34 is much larger than that of the third gear 33, and the thread pitch on the lead screw 30 is large, so as to realize the purpose of the lead screw 30 rotating multiple circles and the clamping block 29 moving up and down quickly.

[0074] The moving component includes a mounting ring 28, a push rod 27, a fixing plate 26, a limiting rod 25 and a mounting block 24. The mounting ring 28 is sleeved outside the rotating column 2. The push rods 27 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the mounting ring 28, and the lower ends of the push rods 27 are rotatably connected to the outer side surface of the mounting ring 28.

[0075] The mounting blocks 24 are symmetrically fixed at the bottoms of two cross plates. The upper ends of the push rods 27 on the same side are rotatably installed at the bottom of the middle part of the mounting block 24 on this side and penetrate through the table top 1.

[0076] The fixing plates 26 are symmetrically arranged on the table top 1 and are fixed at the upper edge of the table top 1. The limiting rods 25 are horizontally symmetrically arranged between the two fixing plates 26, and the pointing direction is the same as the sliding direction of the mounting block 24. The limiting rods 25 penetrate through the mounting blocks 24 at the bottoms of the two cross plates to realize the sliding guide of the mounting block 24.

[0077] One side of the mounting ring 28 is clamped with the clamping part in the clamping block 29. The mounting ring 28 drives the clamping block 29 to move up and down, so that the push rods 27 on both sides move upward to push the mounting block 24 and the cross plate, and move downward to pull the mounting block 24 and the cross plate, realizing the horizontal reciprocating movement of the cross plate and the structures thereon.

[0078] In this embodiment, the first transmission member 35 includes two transmission wheels of the same size and a transmission belt; the second transmission member 39 includes two transmission wheels of different sizes and a transmission belt. The larger transmission wheel is fixedly sleeved on the rotating column 2, the smaller transmission wheel is coaxially arranged with the seventh gear 38 and is installed on the base 3; one of the transmission wheels in the first transmission member 35 below the sixth gear 37 and the fifth gear 36 thereon is coaxially arranged and installed on the base 3. The third gear 33 and the fourth gear 34 are also installed on the base 3, and the guide rod 31 is fixedly installed at the inner top of the fixed frame 32.

[0079] The cross section of the mounting ring 28 is L-shaped. A long groove adapted to the push rod 27 is formed on the table surface 1. When the upper mounting ring 28 moves upward, it pushes the push rod 27 upward. The upper end of the push rod 27 inclines outward to push the mounting block 24, thereby pushing the mounting frame 8 to move outward. When the mounting ring 28 moves downward, the push rod 27 pulls downward, pulling the mounting frame 8 to move inward, realizing the horizontal reciprocating movement of the mounting frame 8.

[0080] When it is necessary to control the rotation of the rotating column 2 and the table surface 1 and the structures thereon, and after reaching the corresponding position, to control the horizontal movement of the mounting frame 8 and the structures thereon, the servo motor 6 operates to drive one of the fifth gears 36 at its upper end to rotate, so that the other fifth gear 36 rotates. This fifth gear 36 rotates to drive the fourth gear 34 above through a first transmission member 35 above. The other fifth gear 36 drives the fourth gear 34 below through a first transmission member 35 below to rotate in the opposite direction to the fourth gear 34 above, and at the same time the sixth gear 37 rotates and meshes with the seventh gear 38.

[0081] In the above driving process, taking one of the steering columns located at the position of the steering column durability test bench as an example, the sixth gear 37 is meshed and connected with the seventh gear 38, causing the seventh gear 38 to rotate 90 degrees. Through the second transmission member 39, the rotating column 2, the table 1 and the structures thereon are driven to rotate 90 degrees. The mounting ring 28 slides in the clamping block 29. After rotating 90 degrees, the sixth gear 37 is separated from the seventh gear 38. Both of the two fourth gears 34 rotate 90 degrees in different directions. At this time, the lower fourth gear 34 is about to be meshed and connected with the lower third gear 33, and the upper fourth gear 34 is separated from the upper third gear 33. The servo motor 6 continues to operate, causing the lower fourth gear 34 to be meshed and connected with the lower third gear 33, causing the lead screw 30 to rotate. Under the limiting and guiding of the guide rod 31, the clamping block 29 moves upward, driving the clamped mounting ring 28 to move upward, causing the push rod 27 to push the mounting block 24. Under the limiting and guiding of the limiting rod 25, the mounting block 24 drives the mounting bracket 8 and the structures thereon to move into the steering column durability test bench. After moving to the position to be tested, the servo motor 6 stops operating for testing. At this time, the lower fourth gear 34 is separated from the lower third gear 33, and the upper fourth gear 34 approaches the upper third gear 33.

[0082] After the test is completed, the servo motor 6 continues to operate in the same direction. The upper fourth gear 34 is meshed and connected with the upper third gear 33, causing the lead screw 30 to rotate in the reverse direction. The clamping block 29 drives the mounting ring 28 to move downward, and the push rod 27 pulls the mounting block 24, causing the mounting bracket 8 and the structures thereon to move back to their original positions until the upper fourth gear 34 is separated from the upper third gear 33. At this time, the sixth gear 37 approaches the seventh gear 38. The servo motor 6 continues to operate, and the sixth gear 37 is meshed and connected with the seventh gear 38, driving the rotating column 2, the table 1 and the structures thereon to continue to rotate 90 degrees, causing the steering column that has undergone non-damaging durability testing to move to the next test position. Similarly, the other steering column symmetrically arranged with this steering column also moves to the next test position. By repeating the operation, multiple tests on the same steering column can be completed.

[0083] In use, for the installation part of the steering column, it is the same as in Embodiment 1. After the steering column is installed, the servo motor 6 operates to drive a fifth gear 36 at its upper end to rotate, causing another fifth gear 36 to rotate. This fifth gear 36 drives a fourth gear 34 located above to rotate through a first transmission member 35 above it. The other fifth gear 36 drives the fourth gear 34 located below to rotate in a direction opposite to that of the fourth gear 34 above through the first transmission member 35 located below. At the same time, a sixth gear 37 rotates and meshes with a seventh gear 38, causing the seventh gear 38 to rotate by 90 degrees. Through a second transmission member 39, the rotating column 2, the table 1, and the structures thereon are driven to rotate by 90 degrees. After rotating by 90 degrees, the sixth gear 37 is separated from the seventh gear 38, and the rotating column 2 stops rotating.

[0084] At this time, the fourth gear 34 below is about to mesh with the third gear 33 below, and the fourth gear 34 above is separated from the third gear 33 above. The servo motor 6 continues to operate, causing the fourth gear 34 below to mesh with the third gear 33 below, making the lead screw 30 rotate. Under the limit guidance of the guide rod 31, the clamping block 29 moves upward, driving the clamped mounting ring 28 upward, causing the push rod 27 to push the mounting block 24 to drive the mounting bracket 8 and the structures thereon to move towards the steering column durability test bench. After moving to the position to be tested, the servo motor 6 stops operating for testing. At this time, the fourth gear 34 below is separated from the third gear 33 below, and the fourth gear 34 above approaches the third gear 33 above.

[0085] After the test is completed, the servo motor 6 operates, the fourth gear 34 above meshes with the third gear 33 above, the lead screw 30 rotates in the reverse direction, the clamping block 29 drives the mounting ring 28 to move downward, and the push rod 27 pulls the mounting block 24, causing the mounting bracket 8 and the structures thereon to move back to their original positions until the fourth gear 34 above is separated from the third gear 33 above. At this time, the sixth gear 37 approaches the seventh gear 38. The servo motor 6 continues to operate, the sixth gear 37 meshes with the seventh gear 38, driving the rotating column 2, the table 1, and the structures thereon to continue rotating by 90 degrees, causing the steering column that has undergone non-destructive durability testing to move to the next test position. Repeating the operation can complete the test.

[0086] Embodiment 3, a test method for the steering column performance test bench based on Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, referring to Figure 13 , includes the following steps: obtaining the test parameter set stored in the data repository, and based on the test parameter set, obtaining the test results of each test; based on the test results of each test, obtaining the test performance qualification rate of each test; based on the test performance qualification rate of each test, obtaining the comprehensive performance of the steering column.

[0087] The test parameter set includes noise and vibration test parameters, durability test parameters, environmental resistance test parameters, and corrosion test parameters; the noise and vibration test parameters include parameters for each part, and the part parameters include noise spectrum, vibration amplitude, and vibration frequency. Based on the parameters of each part, the noise and vibration test values of each part are analyzed and obtained.

[0088] The calculation formula for the noise and vibration test value is:

[0089] ;

[0090] In the formula: is the noise and vibration test value at the vibration frequency , is the actual pressure value of the noise at the vibration frequency , is the vibration amplitude at the vibration frequency , is the intensity of the noise, p is the actual pressure value of the noise, is the reference sound pressure, is the initial vibration amplitude, A is the vibration amplitude, F is the external force, k is the system stiffness, is the frequency response function, is the displacement response value at the vibration frequency , is the external force at the vibration frequency , m is the mass of the steering concern, c is the damping coefficient, is the vibration frequency, j is the imaginary unit, and lg represents the logarithm to the base 10.

[0091] Based on the noise and vibration test values of each part, determine whether there is abnormal noise in each part: compare the noise and vibration test values of each part with the noise and vibration test thresholds of the corresponding parts in turn. If the noise and vibration test value is greater than the noise and vibration test threshold, there is no abnormal noise; if the noise and vibration test value is not greater than the noise and vibration test threshold, there is abnormal noise, and then record the position; based on the number of abnormal noise positions, analyze and obtain the pass rate of the test performance of the noise and vibration test.

[0092] The calculation formula for the pass rate of the test performance of the noise and vibration test is:

[0093] ;

[0094] In the formula: is the pass rate of the test performance of the noise and vibration test, is the number of parts with abnormal noise, is the total number of test parts.

[0095] The durability test parameters include stress amplitude, number of cycles, material constant, and material fatigue index. Based on the durability test parameters, the cumulative damage value is obtained, and the predicted total life is analyzed and obtained.

[0096] The calculation formula for the predicted total life is:

[0097] ;

[0098] In the formula: is the predicted total life, is the remaining life, is the number of cycles that the material can withstand at (determined by the S-N curve), is the i-th stress amplitude, C is the material constant, cp is the material fatigue index, D is the cumulative damage value (calculated based on Miner), is the actual number of cycles of the material at , is the acting force of the material at , is the cross-sectional area, i is the stress amplitude number, and n is the total number of stress amplitudes.

[0099] The S-N curve is a curve that describes the fatigue life of a material under cyclic loading, indicating the number of cycles (N) that the material can withstand at different stress amplitudes (S). The S-N curve is usually obtained by conducting fatigue tests on the material. The Miner linear cumulative damage theory is a theory used to evaluate the fatigue life of a material under variable amplitude loading. It is assumed that the damage of the material at different stress levels can be linearly accumulated, and when the cumulative damage reaches 1, the material undergoes fatigue failure.

[0100] The predicted total life is compared with the predicted life threshold. If the predicted total life is greater than the predicted life threshold, the pass rate of the test performance of the durability test is 100%; if the predicted total life is not greater than the predicted life threshold, the pass rate of the test performance of the durability test is analyzed and obtained.

[0101] The calculation formula for the pass rate of the test performance of the durability test is:

[0102] ;

[0103] In the formula: is the pass rate of the test performance of the durability test, is the predicted life threshold, is the predicted total life.

[0104] The environmental resistance test parameters include temperature range value, humidity range value, material expansion coefficient, and material moisture absorption rate, and the comprehensive expansion value is analyzed and obtained.

[0105] The calculation formula for the comprehensive expansion value is:

[0106] ;

[0107] Wherein: is the change value of the material length under temperature change, is the coefficient of thermal expansion of the material, is the initial length of the material, is the temperature change value, is the change value of the material length under humidity change, is the hygroscopic expansion coefficient of the material, is the humidity change value, is the comprehensive expansion value.

[0108] The comprehensive expansion value is successively subtracted from each reference expansion value stored in the data repository to obtain the absolute value of the expansion value difference. The qualified rate of the test performance of the environmental resistance test corresponding to the reference expansion value corresponding to the smallest absolute value of the expansion value difference is the qualified rate of the test performance of the environmental resistance test of the comprehensive expansion value.

[0109] The corrosion test parameters include corrosion duration, corrosion area, and weight loss, and the corrosion rate is obtained through analysis.

[0110] The calculation formula for the corrosion rate is:

[0111] ;

[0112] Wherein: R is the corrosion rate, W is the weight loss value, is the corrosion area, and t is the corrosion duration;

[0113] The corrosion rate is successively subtracted from each reference corrosion rate stored in the data repository to obtain the absolute value of the corrosion rate difference. The qualified rate of the test performance of the corrosion test corresponding to the reference corrosion rate corresponding to the smallest absolute value of the corrosion rate difference is the qualified rate of the test performance of the corrosion test of the corrosion rate.

[0114] The qualified rates of the test performance of the noise and vibration test, the durability test, the environmental resistance test, and the corrosion test are recorded as test performance data; the test performance data is compared with the test performance reference data of each reference steering column stored in the data repository. Each parameter in the test performance data is subtracted from the corresponding reference parameter in each group of test performance reference data to obtain the absolute value of the comprehensive test performance difference. The comprehensive performance of the steering column corresponding to the test performance reference data corresponding to the smallest absolute value of the comprehensive test performance difference is the comprehensive performance of the steering column of the current test performance data.

[0115] Analysis of the noise spectrum and vibration frequency can accurately locate the abnormal sound source, assist in quickly solving the problem of abnormal sound in the steering, reduce noise and vibration, improve the NVH performance of the vehicle, and ensure driving comfort. Fatigue life prediction ensures that the steering column will not pose a safety hazard due to fatigue failure during long-term use. Analysis of the cumulative damage value provides data support for the design optimization of the steering column and extends its service life. Environmental resistance testing ensures the performance stability of the steering column in extreme environments and avoids performance degradation caused by temperature or humidity changes. Analysis of the expansion and moisture absorption performance optimizes the material selection and improves the environmental adaptability of the steering column. Corrosion testing ensures the long-term reliability of the steering column in a corrosive environment and avoids performance degradation or failure caused by corrosion. Analysis of the corrosion rate optimizes the material selection and improves the corrosion resistance of the steering column.

[0116] Integrating the passing rates of various tests provides a comprehensive performance assessment to ensure the reliability of the steering column under various working conditions. Comprehensive performance assessment provides data support for the design optimization of the steering column, promoting product iteration and improvement. Quantitative assessment of the comprehensive performance provides clear performance criteria and avoids errors caused by subjective judgment.

[0117] Comprehensive performance testing ensures the high quality of the steering column in design, manufacturing, and use. Discovering problems through testing in the design and development stage can avoid large-scale failures in mass production or use, reducing maintenance and recall costs. Durability testing and environmental resistance testing ensure the safety of the steering column during long-term use and in extreme environments, reducing safety accidents caused by failures. The accumulation and analysis of test data provide data support for the design optimization of the steering column, promoting technological progress and product iteration.

[0118] The formula in this embodiment can be dimensionless processed during calculation to simplify the calculation.

[0119] In addition to the above test methods, it is also possible to conduct tests using conventional test methods based on the steering column performance test bench of Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, such as static strength testing, connection stiffness testing, locking performance testing, etc.

Claims

1. Steering column performance test bench, characterized in that, Including: A detection table, which is a rotatable support frame with a circular upper surface; A servo motor (6), which is installed on the outer part of the inner bottom surface of the detection table by screws; A driving assembly, which is located in the middle part of the detection table and is connected to the servo motor (6) for driving the upper surface of the detection table to rotate; A mounting frame (8), which is symmetrically arranged above the detection table, and a first hydraulic rod (9) is hinged on the mounting frame (8). The other end of the first hydraulic rod (9) and the lower position on the outer side of the mounting frame (8) are hinged to the same connecting plate (10). Two clamping members are arranged up and down on the outer side of the connecting plate (10), and the upper and lower two clamping members on the same side are used in cooperation; A moving assembly, which is located on the upper surface of the detection table and is arranged at the bottom of the mounting frame (8) for driving the mounting frame (8), the first hydraulic rod (9) above it, the clamping members and the steering column to move horizontally back and forth; A steering column durability test bench, a noise and vibration test device, an environmental resistance test device and a corrosion test device are sequentially placed in a circumferential ring along the outside of the detection table; The clamping member includes two symmetrically arranged toothed plates (14) and two symmetrically arranged mounting plates (15). The mounting plates (15) on the same side are arranged below the toothed plates (14). The toothed plates (14) include a toothed connection part and a connection part. The connection part is arranged at the outer part of the bottom of the toothed connection part, and the connection part extends into the mounting plate (15) and is slidably connected to it. Both the toothed plates (14) and the mounting plates (15) are semicircular rings; The toothed connection part in one of the toothed plates (14) is meshed and connected with a second gear (13). The second gear (13) is rotatably connected with a connection block (11). The mounting plate (15) below the toothed plate (14) on this side is fixed at the inner bottom of the connection block (11). A rotating block (12) is installed at the upper end of the second gear (13). The rotating block (12) is arranged above the connection block (11). One end of the mounting plate (15) on the other side is rotatably installed in the connection block (11), forming a clip shape that can be opened and closed on one side with the mounting plate (15) fixed in the connection block (11). A second hydraulic rod (16) is hinged and installed between the outer side of the rotatable mounting plate (15) and the side wall of the connection block (11). The connection block (11) is fixed on the connecting plate (10); Two elastic limit members (40) are fixed on the connection block (11) for limiting the rotating block (12). A hemispherical groove adapted to the elastic limit member (40) is provided at the bottom of the rotating block (12); Clamping blocks (17) are linearly arranged along the semi - circumference on the inner side of the mounting plate (15). A sliding block (18) is fixed on the side of the clamping block (17) close to the mounting plate (15). A convex block (19) is fixed at the part of the sliding block (18) away from the clamping block (17) at the upper end. An arc - shaped sliding groove (20) adapted to the convex block (19) is provided on the toothed plate (14) on the same side; At the inner bottom of the mounting plate (15), a semi-circular limiting block (23) is installed by screws. A plurality of grooves adapted to the slider (18) are formed in the limiting block (23). A stop block (21) is arranged in the groove. The slider (18) covers the outside of the corresponding stop block (21), and a connecting spring (22) is fixedly arranged between the inner side wall of the end of the slider (18) away from the stop block (21) and the stop block (21).

2. The steering column performance test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection table includes a tabletop (1), a rotating column (2), and a base (3). The tabletop (1), the rotating column (2), and the base (3) are arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The lower end of the rotating column (2) is rotatably connected to the base (3). The servo motor (6) is installed on the base (3). The mounting frame (8) includes a horizontal plate and a frame part. The frame part is installed on the upper end of the horizontal plate by screws. The horizontal plate is installed on the moving component.

3. The steering column performance test bench according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving component includes a first gear (5) and a toothed ring (4) meshed and connected with it. The first gear (5) is installed at the output end of the servo motor (6). The toothed ring (4) is sleeved outside the rotating column (2) and is fixedly connected to the rotating column (2).

4. The steering column performance test bench according to claim 2, characterized in that: The moving component includes two linear motors (7). The linear motors (7) are installed between the tabletop (1) and the horizontal plate and can drive the horizontal plate and the structures thereon to perform horizontal reciprocating movements.

5. The steering column performance test bench according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving component includes a rotating mechanism and a vertical moving mechanism. The rotating mechanism is connected to the servo motor (6). The vertical moving mechanism is connected to the rotating mechanism. The vertical moving mechanism is arranged on one side of the moving component and is clamped and connected with it. The vertical moving mechanism rotates the required angle through the rotating mechanism and the servo motor (6) to make the moving component operate, so that the mounting frame (8) and the structures thereon perform horizontal reciprocating movements. The rotating mechanism includes two meshed fifth gears (36). First transmission parts (35) are respectively installed on the two fifth gears (36). One fifth gear (36) is installed at the output end of the servo motor (6). The first transmission part (35) on this fifth gear (36) is installed at its upper end, and two coaxially arranged fourth gears (34) are installed at the lower end of this first transmission part (35). The two fourth gears (34) are rotationally connected and are installed on the base (3) through a frame. The two fourth gears (34) are irregular gears, and the sides with teeth of the two fourth gears (34) are arranged in a staggered manner. The first transmission part (35) on the other fifth gear (36) is installed at its lower end, and the other end of this first transmission part (35) is installed at the lower end of the lower fourth gear (34). A sixth gear (37) is coaxially installed between this fifth gear (36) and the first transmission part (35) below it. The sixth gear (37) is an irregular gear, and a seventh gear (38) is intermittently meshed on the side away from the servo motor (6). A second transmission part (39) is installed at the upper end of the seventh gear (38), and the other end of the second transmission part (39) is fixedly sleeved outside the rotating column (2). The up-and-down moving mechanism includes a clamping block (29), a lead screw (30), a guide rod (31), and a fixing bracket (32). The clamping block (29) is sleeved outside the lead screw (30) and the guide rod (31), and is threadedly connected to the lead screw (30). The lead screw (30) and the guide rod (31) are installed at the inner top of the fixing bracket (32). The fixing bracket (32) is in an inverted L shape and is fixed on the base (3). Two third gears (33) are coaxially arranged at the lower end of the lead screw (30). The clamping block (29) includes a clamping part and a moving part. The clamping part is fixed on the side of the moving part close to the rotating column (2), and is formed by two upper and lower clamping plates, which are clamped on the moving component. The moving part is sleeved outside the lead screw (30) and the guide rod (31). The upper third gear (33) is intermittently meshed with the upper fourth gear (34), and the lower third gear (33) is intermittently meshed with the lower fourth gear (34), which is used to drive the lead screw (30) to rotate forward and backward, so as to realize the up-and-down movement of the clamping block (29).

6. The steering column performance test bench according to claim 5, characterized in that: The moving component includes a mounting ring (28), a push rod (27), a fixing plate (26), a limiting rod (25), and a mounting block (24). The mounting ring (28) is sleeved outside the rotating column (2). The push rods (27) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the mounting ring (28), and the lower ends of the push rods (27) are rotatably connected to the outer side surface of the mounting ring (28). The mounting blocks (24) are symmetrically fixed at the bottoms of the two cross plates. The upper ends of the push rods (27) on the same side are rotatably installed at the bottom of the middle part of the mounting block (24) on this side and penetrate through the tabletop (1). The fixing plates (26) are symmetrically arranged on the tabletop (1) and are fixed at the upper edge of the tabletop (1). The limiting rods (25) are horizontally symmetrically arranged between the two fixing plates (26), and the pointing direction is the same as the sliding direction of the mounting block (24). The limiting rods (25) penetrate through the mounting blocks (24) at the bottoms of the two cross plates to realize the sliding guidance of the mounting block (24). One side of the mounting ring (28) is clamped with the clamping part in the clamping block (29). The mounting ring (28) drives it to move up and down through the clamping block (29), so that the push rods (27) on both sides push the mounting block (24) and the cross plate upward and pull the mounting block (24) and the cross plate downward.

7. A test method for a steering column performance test bench, applied to the steering column performance test bench according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Obtain the test parameter set stored in the data repository, and based on the test parameter set, obtain the test results of each test; Based on the test results of each test, obtain the test performance qualification rate of each test, which specifically includes the following steps: The test parameter set includes noise and vibration test parameters, durability test parameters, environmental resistance test parameters, and corrosion test parameters; The noise and vibration test parameters include parameters of each part. The part parameters include noise spectrum, vibration amplitude, and vibration frequency. Based on the parameters of each part, the noise and vibration test values of each part are analyzed; The calculation formula for the noise and vibration test value is: ； Where: is the noise and vibration test value at the vibration frequency , is the actual pressure value of the noise at the vibration frequency , is the vibration amplitude at the vibration frequency , is the intensity of the noise, p is the actual pressure value of the noise, is the reference sound pressure, is the initial vibration amplitude, A is the vibration amplitude, F is the external force, k is the system stiffness, is the frequency response function, is the displacement response value at the vibration frequency , is the external force at the vibration frequency , m is the mass of the steering attention, c is the damping coefficient, is the vibration frequency, j is the imaginary unit; Based on the noise and vibration test values of each part, judge whether there is abnormal noise in each part: Compare the noise and vibration test values of each part with the noise and vibration test thresholds of the corresponding parts in sequence. If the noise and vibration test values are greater than the noise and vibration test thresholds, there is no abnormal noise. If the noise and vibration test values are not greater than the noise and vibration test thresholds, there is abnormal noise, and the position is recorded. Based on the number of abnormal noise positions, analyze and obtain the pass rate of the test performance of the noise and vibration test. The durability test parameters include stress amplitude, number of cycles, material constant, and material fatigue index. Based on the durability test parameters, obtain the cumulative damage value and analyze and obtain the predicted total life. The calculation formula for the predicted total life is: ； Wherein: is the predicted total life is the remaining life is the number of cycles that the material can withstand at ; is the i-th stress amplitude, C is the material constant, cp is the material fatigue index, D is the cumulative damage value, is the actual number of cycles of the material at ; is the acting force of the material at ; is the cross-sectional area, i is the stress amplitude number, and n is the total number of stress amplitudes; Compare the predicted total life with the predicted life threshold. If the predicted total life is greater than the predicted life threshold, the pass rate of the test performance of the durability test is 100%. If the predicted total life is not greater than the predicted life threshold, analyze and obtain the pass rate of the test performance of the durability test. The environmental resistance test parameters include temperature range value, humidity range value, material expansion coefficient, and material moisture absorption rate. Analyze and obtain the comprehensive expansion value. The calculation formula for the comprehensive expansion value is: ； Where: is the change value of the material length under temperature change, is the coefficient of thermal expansion of the material, is the initial length of the material, is the temperature change value, is the change value of the material length under humidity change, is the hygroscopic expansion coefficient of the material, is the humidity change value, is the comprehensive expansion value; Subtract the comprehensive expansion value from each reference expansion value stored in the data repository in sequence to obtain the absolute value of the expansion value difference. The pass rate of the test performance of the environmental resistance test corresponding to the reference expansion value corresponding to the smallest absolute value of the expansion value difference is the pass rate of the test performance of the environmental resistance test of the comprehensive expansion value. The corrosion test parameters include corrosion duration, corrosion area, and weight loss. Analyze and obtain the corrosion rate. The calculation formula for the corrosion rate is: ； Where: R is the corrosion rate, W is the weight loss value, is the corrosion area, and t is the corrosion duration; Subtract the corrosion rate from each reference corrosion rate stored in the data repository in sequence to obtain the absolute value of the corrosion rate difference. The pass rate of the test performance of the corrosion test corresponding to the reference corrosion rate corresponding to the smallest absolute value of the corrosion rate difference is the pass rate of the test performance of the corrosion test of the corrosion rate. Based on the pass rates of the test performance of each test, obtain the comprehensive performance of the steering column.

8. The test method of the steering column performance test bench according to claim 7, characterized in that, To obtain the comprehensive performance of the steering column, the following steps are specifically included: Record the pass rates of the test performance of the noise and vibration test, durability test, environmental resistance test, and corrosion test as test performance data. Compare the test performance data with the test performance reference data of each reference steering column stored in the data repository. Subtract the corresponding reference parameters in each group of test performance reference data from the parameters in the test performance data to obtain the absolute value of the comprehensive test performance difference. The comprehensive performance of the steering column corresponding to the test performance reference data corresponding to the smallest absolute value of the comprehensive test performance difference is the comprehensive performance of the steering column of the current test performance data.

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