Solar energy collecting device and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a solar energy collecting device and a control method thereof, and the device comprises a solar panel which is used for converting light energy into electric energy; the holder comprises a horizontal rotating mechanism and a pitching rotating mechanism, the horizontal rotating mechanism drives the solar panel to horizontally rotate within the range of 0-360 degrees, and the pitching rotating mechanism drives the solar panel to be subjected to pitching adjustment within the range of 0-90 degrees; the detachable sleeve shell is matched with the periphery of the solar panel and is fixed on the holder; the sensor module comprises at least three illumination sensors which are distributed in different directions of the detachable sleeve shell and used for collecting illumination intensity data in multiple directions; the current detection module monitors system charging current in real time; and the control module is used for receiving the illumination intensity data of the sensor module and the current data of the current detection module, calculating the maximum energy collection angle and generating a motor control signal. By automatically tracking the movement of the sun, the solar panel can always keep an optimal angle with the solar rays, so that the solar energy is collected to the maximum extent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of solar energy, and particularly relates to a solar energy collection device and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous growth of global energy demand and the increasingly severe environmental problems, the development and utilization of renewable energy have received extensive attention. As a clean and renewable energy source, the development and utilization of solar energy have witnessed rapid development in recent years. Solar energy collection devices, especially solar panels, have been widely used because they can directly convert sunlight into electricity. However, existing solar energy collection devices still have some limitations in design and function, which affect the energy collection efficiency of solar panels and the intelligent level of the system.

[0003] Limitations of Existing Solar Panels

[0004] Fixed-mounted solar panels: Many solar panels are fixed in position after installation and cannot adjust their directions as the sun moves, resulting in the solar panels not facing the sun directly for most of the day, thus reducing the energy collection efficiency.

[0005] Manually adjustable solar panels: Although some systems allow manual adjustment of the angles of solar panels, this method is inefficient and difficult to achieve precise control. In addition, frequent manual intervention increases the maintenance cost and labor intensity.

[0006] Lack of environmental adaptability: Existing systems often lack the ability to adapt to different weather conditions. Under cloudy or changing light conditions, solar panels cannot automatically adjust to adapt to the changes in light intensity, thus affecting the energy collection efficiency.

[0007] Low level of intelligence: Most solar panels lack intelligent control mechanisms and cannot achieve automatic sun tracking or automatically adjust their working states according to environmental changes, which limits the performance and reliability of the system.

[0008] High maintenance cost: Due to the need for regular manual inspections and adjustments, the maintenance cost of existing solar systems is relatively high, which not only increases the economic burden on users but also affects the popularization and application of solar energy technology. Summary of the Invention

[0009] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a solar energy collection device.

[0010] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a solar energy collection device, comprising:

[0011] A solar panel for converting light energy into electrical energy;

[0012] A pan-tilt head, including a horizontal rotation mechanism and a pitching rotation mechanism, wherein the horizontal rotation mechanism drives the solar panel to horizontally rotate within a range of 0° - 360°, and the pitching rotation mechanism drives the solar panel to pitch and adjust within a range of 0° - 90°;

[0013] A detachable housing, adapted to the periphery of the solar panel and fixed to the pan-tilt head;

[0014] A sensor module, including at least three light sensors, distributed in different orientations of the detachable housing, for collecting multi-directional light intensity data;

[0015] A current detection module, for real-time monitoring of the system charging current;

[0016] A control module, receiving the light intensity data of the sensor module and the current data of the current detection module, calculating the maximum energy collection angle, and generating a motor control signal;

[0017] A motor drive module, driving the horizontal rotation mechanism and the pitching rotation mechanism according to the control signal of the control module.

[0018] Preferably, the solar energy collection device further includes a detachable bracket, one end of the detachable bracket is installed at the bottom of the pan-tilt head, and the other end of the detachable bracket is used for hoisting, wall mounting or pile mounting.

[0019] Preferably, the three light sensors in the sensor module are respectively arranged facing directly forward, 45° to the left and 45° to the right, for multi-angle light data comparison.

[0020] Preferably, the pitching rotation mechanism is arranged on the horizontal rotation mechanism, and the detachable housing is installed on the pitching rotation mechanism; the detachable housing and the solar panel are detachably connected by a buckle or a bolt.

[0021] Preferably, the horizontal rotation mechanism is driven by a horizontal stepper motor to achieve 360° dead-angle-free tracking; the pitching rotation mechanism adopts a worm and worm gear structure with a vertical motor to ensure accurate adjustment within 0 - 90°.

[0022] Preferably, the solar energy collection device further includes a control board and a battery arranged in the pan-tilt head. The control board is also provided with a battery charging module, a USB connector, a power conversion module, and the control module, the motor drive module, and the current detection module described above; the corresponding ends of the control module are respectively electrically connected to the corresponding ends of the power conversion module, the sensor module, and the motor drive module;

[0023] The solar panel is electrically connected to the battery sequentially through a current detection module and a battery charging module, and the battery is also electrically connected to a power conversion module; the USB connector is also electrically connected to the current detection module.

[0024] Preferably, the main control module includes an MCU, and the model of the MCU is PY32F040K2BU6TR;

[0025] The power conversion module includes a power conversion circuit, and the power conversion circuit includes a voltage conversion chip MT3405AC and its peripheral circuit. The corresponding terminals of the voltage conversion chip MT3405AC are electrically connected to the corresponding terminals of the MCU;

[0026] The current detection module includes a current detection circuit, and the current detection circuit includes a current detection chip LTC6101 and its peripheral circuit. The corresponding terminals of the current detection chip LTC6101 are electrically connected to the corresponding terminals of the solar panel, the USB connector, and the battery charging module respectively;

[0027] The battery charging module includes a battery charging circuit, and the battery charging circuit includes a battery charging chip TPB4056B2X-ES1R and its peripheral circuit. The corresponding terminals of the TPB4056B2X-ES1R are electrically connected to the corresponding terminals of the current detection chip LTC6101 and the battery.

[0028] Preferably, the sensor module includes a sensor circuit, and the sensor circuit includes a three-light sensor chip XYC-ALS1206ACK1 and its peripheral circuit. The corresponding terminals of the three-light sensor chip XYC-ALS1206ACK1 are electrically connected to the corresponding terminals of the MCU respectively.

[0029] Preferably, the motor drive module includes a motor drive circuit and a drive power supply circuit electrically connected to the corresponding terminals of the motor drive circuit. The motor drive circuit includes a motor drive chip ULN2803 and its peripheral circuit, and the drive power supply circuit includes a drive power supply chip ETA1038 and its peripheral circuit; the corresponding terminals of the drive chip ULN2803 can be electrically connected to the corresponding terminals of the MCU and the drive power supply chip ETA1038 respectively.

[0030] The present invention also provides a control method for a solar energy collection device, including the following steps:

[0031] Step 1: The software performs a self-check during startup and first restores the machine to its default state (horizontal 0° and vertical 45°). The MCU controls the vertical motor at 45° and the horizontal motor rotates from 0° to 360° in a self-rotation. For every 10° of rotation, the values of the three light sensors and the maximum and minimum current values are recorded. Based on the values of Sen1 and Sen2, the maximum values among the two during the rotation process and the maximum current value are calculated. By comparing the motor step size with the comparison value, the horizontal motor is rotated to the position corresponding to the maximum values of Sen1, Sen2, and the maximum current value.

[0032] Step 2: The vertical motor is rotated from 45° to 90°, from 90° to 0°, and from 0° to 45° at an angle of 5°. The values of the three light sensors and the maximum current value are recorded for each rotation. The vertical motor is rotated to the position corresponding to the maximum values of Sen1, Sen2, and the maximum current value.

[0033] Step 3: The MCU statistically calculates the values of Sen1, Sen2, Sen3, and the charging current I every 5 minutes to form an array of values. Every 30 minutes, the recorded values of Sen1, Sen2, Sen3, and the current I are checked for changes in their respective values.

[0034] Step 4: Prioritize the change in the charging current as the judgment criterion. If the charging current I is always less than 100 mA and Sen1, Sen2, and Sen3 are all not greater than 500 lux, it indicates bad weather, and the process returns to Step 3 for continued execution.

[0035] Step 5: If the charging current I is always less than 100 mA and one of the values of Sen1, Sen2, and Sen3 is greater than 500 lux, it indicates average weather. At this time, the motor logic in Step 6 is executed to rotate the solar panel.

[0036] Step 6: If the charging current is always greater than 100 mA, it is judged based on the initially recorded Sen1 and Sen2 and the finally recorded Sen1 and Sen2 values.

[0037] When the finally recorded Sen1 and Sen2 values are greater than the initially recorded Sen1 and Sen2 values:

[0038] Case 1: Sen1 > Sen2, the horizontal motor rotates left to the finally statistically recorded position. If the initially recorded Sen3 value is greater than the starting recorded Sen3 value, the vertical motor rotates upward.

[0039] Case 2: Sen1 > Sen2, the horizontal motor rotates left to the finally statistically recorded position. If the initially recorded Sen3 value is less than the starting recorded Sen3 value, the vertical motor rotates downward.

[0040] Case 3: Sen1 < Sen2, the horizontal motor turns right to the final statistical position. If the initial recorded Sen3 value is greater than the starting recorded Sen3 value, the vertical motor turns upward;

[0041] Case 4: Sen1 < Sen2, the horizontal motor turns right to the final statistical position. If the initial recorded Sen3 value is less than the starting recorded Sen3 value, the vertical motor turns downward;

[0042] If the last recorded Sen1 and Sen2 values are less than the initial recorded Sen1 and Sen2 values:

[0043] Case 1: The initial recorded Sen3 value is greater than the starting recorded Sen3 value, the vertical motor turns upward;

[0044] Case 2: The initial recorded Sen3 value is less than the starting recorded Sen3 value, the vertical motor turns downward;

[0045] Case 3: The difference between the initial recorded Sen3 value and the starting recorded Sen3 value is not significant, no need to turn the motor;

[0046] Step 7: Repeat steps three to six to continuously optimize the angle of the solar panel to maximize the energy collection efficiency.

[0047] Adopting the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0048] The present invention can improve the energy collection efficiency: By automatically tracking the movement of the sun, the solar panel can always maintain the best angle with the sun's rays, thus maximizing the collection of solar energy.

[0049] The pan-tilt of the present invention includes a horizontal rotation mechanism and a pitch rotation mechanism, enabling the solar panel to flexibly adjust the angle to track the sun. It can track the sun's movement horizontally from 0° to 360° and the sun's irradiation angle vertically from 0 to 90°; this design improves the response speed and accuracy of the solar panel to changes in the sun's position, thereby improving the energy collection efficiency.

[0050] The detachable housing of the present invention not only protects the solar panel but also facilitates installation and maintenance. Its adaptability allows the solar panel to be quickly replaced or upgraded as needed, increasing the flexibility and scalability of the system.

[0051] The sensor module of the present invention includes at least three light sensors distributed in different orientations of the housing for collecting multi-directional light intensity data. Different angles are used to achieve light collection in different directions. These data provide real-time environmental information for the control module, enabling the system to automatically adjust the angle of the solar panel according to light changes and optimize energy collection.

[0052] The current detection module of the present invention: It monitors the charging current of the system in real time to ensure that the system operates in a safe and efficient state. By monitoring the current change, the system can adjust the energy harvesting strategy to adapt to different charging requirements and conditions.

[0053] The control module MCU of the present invention: As the brain of the system, the MCU receives sensor data and current data, calculates the optimal energy harvesting angle, and generates motor control signals. Its intelligent processing ability enables the system to automatically adapt to environmental changes and improve the intelligent level of energy harvesting.

[0054] The motor drive module of the present invention: It drives the horizontal rotation mechanism and the pitch rotation mechanism according to the control signals of the MCU to achieve precise adjustment of the solar panel. The precise control ability of the motor drive module ensures that the solar panel can be quickly and accurately adjusted to the optimal position.

[0055] The detachable bracket of the present invention: It supports multiple installation methods (hanging installation, wall mounting or pile mounting), enabling the solar energy harvesting device to adapt to different installation environments and angle requirements. This design improves the versatility of the device and the convenience of installation.

[0056] The design scheme of the present invention is to use a light sensor + current detection method to intelligently identify the light intensity of the environment where the solar panel is located and the charging current required by the device. Through detection and judgment by the MCU, it drives the motor to drive the function of the solar panel to automatically track the sun, and maximally utilizes solar energy to charge the device.

[0057] The control method of the present invention lies in intelligently controlling the angle of the solar panel to adapt to different light conditions, thereby maximizing the solar energy collection efficiency; adopting automatic calibration: when the system starts, automatically restore the solar panel to the default position to ensure adjustment starts from a known state. Adopting multi-sensor data acquisition: Utilize multiple light sensors (Sen1, Sen2, Sen3) to collect light intensity data in different directions to provide a basis for precisely adjusting the solar panel; current monitoring: Monitor the charging current in real time to ensure that the system operates in a safe and efficient state. Having intelligent adjustment: According to the light intensity and current data, intelligently calculate and adjust the horizontal and vertical angles of the solar panel to track the sun and maximize energy collection. Environmental adaptability: By analyzing the light and current data, automatically judge the weather conditions, and accordingly adjust the rotation strategy of the motor to adapt to different environmental conditions. When the light is insufficient or the weather is poor, reduce the motor adjustment frequency to reduce energy consumption and extend the device life. Through continuous monitoring and adjustment, achieve the automatic tracking function of the solar panel to ensure that the solar panel is always in the optimal energy collection position. Description of the Drawings

[0058] Figure 1 Structural Schematic of the Present InventionFigure 1 ;

[0059] Figure 2 Structural schematic of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0060] Figure 3 Exploded view of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 4 Structural schematic diagram of the present invention without using a detachable bracket;

[0062] Figure 5 Control module diagram of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 6 Circuit schematic diagram of the control module of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 7 Circuit schematic diagram of the current detection circuit of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 8 Circuit schematic diagram of the battery charging circuit of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 9 Circuit schematic diagram of the motor drive circuit of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 10 Circuit schematic diagram of the drive power supply circuit of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 11 Circuit schematic diagram of the power conversion circuit of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 12 Circuit schematic diagram of the sensor circuit of the present invention;

[0070] Figure 13 Circuit schematic diagram of the USB connector of the present invention;

[0071] Figure 14 Flowchart of the control method of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0072] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0073] Referring to Figures 1 to 14 , the present invention provides a solar energy collection device, including:

[0074] A solar panel 1 for converting light energy into electrical energy;

[0075] The pan-tilt 2 includes a horizontal rotation mechanism 21 and a pitch rotation mechanism 22. The horizontal rotation mechanism 21 drives the solar panel 1 to horizontally rotate within the range of 0° - 360°, and the pitch rotation mechanism 22 drives the solar panel 1 to perform pitch adjustment within the range of 0° - 90°.

[0076] The pan-tilt 2 includes a horizontal rotation mechanism 21 and a pitch rotation mechanism 22, which can precisely adjust the solar panel 1 within the ranges of horizontal 0 - 360° and pitch 0 - 90° to track the position of the sun and ensure that the solar panel is always aligned with the sun.

[0077] The detachable housing 3 is adapted to the periphery of the solar panel 1 and fixed on the pan-tilt 2;

[0078] The sensor module 4 includes at least three light sensors, which are distributed in different orientations of the detachable housing 3 and used to collect multi-directional light intensity data;

[0079] The current detection module monitors the charging current of the system in real time;

[0080] The control module receives the light intensity data of the sensor module 4 and the current data of the current detection module 5, calculates the maximum energy collection angle, and generates a motor control signal;

[0081] The motor drive module drives the horizontal rotation mechanism 21 and the pitch rotation mechanism 22 according to the control signal of the control module.

[0082] The solar energy collection device of the present invention can improve the energy collection efficiency: by automatically adjusting the angle of the solar panel 1 to track the sun, maximizing the collection of solar energy, thereby improving the energy conversion efficiency. The design of the detachable housing 3 and the adjustable pan-tilt 2 enables the device to adapt to different installation environments and angle requirements.

[0083] Furthermore, the solar energy collection device further includes a detachable bracket 8. One end of the detachable bracket 8 is installed at the bottom of the pan-tilt 2, and the other end of the detachable bracket 8 is used for hoisting, wall mounting, or pile mounting.

[0084] The detachable bracket 8 supports multiple installation methods such as hoisting, wall mounting, or pile mounting, enabling the solar energy collection device to adapt to different installation environments and requirements, such as roofs, walls, or the ground. The detachable bracket 8 is fixed to the roof, wall, or ground through locking bolts. The design of the locking bolts ensures that the solar panel 1 can be stably fixed after being adjusted to the optimal angle, preventing displacement due to wind or other external forces and ensuring the continuity and stability of energy collection. The design of the detachable bracket 8 makes it more convenient to maintain and clean the solar panel 1, and it can be disassembled and reinstalled without complex tools.

[0085] Furthermore, the three light sensors in the sensor module 4 are respectively arranged facing directly forward, 45° to the left, and 45° to the right, for multi-angle light data comparison; the sensor module 4 has multi-angle light detection: by arranging light sensors in different directions, the device can collect multi-angle light intensity data from the sun, which helps to more accurately judge the position and movement trend of the sun; improve tracking accuracy: multi-angle light data comparison can help the control module calculate the position of the sun more precisely, so as to direct the motor drive module to adjust the angle of the solar panel to achieve precise tracking of the sun; optimize energy collection: accurate sun tracking can maximize the light-receiving area of the solar panel, thereby optimizing the energy collection efficiency. Enhance environmental adaptability: Under different weather and light conditions, the multi-angle light sensors can provide more comprehensive data, enabling the system to adapt to more environmental changes, such as cloud cover or rapid changes in the position of the sun.

[0086] Furthermore, the pitching rotation mechanism 22 is arranged on the horizontal rotation mechanism 21, and the detachable housing 3 is installed on the pitching rotation mechanism 22; the detachable housing 3 is detachably connected to the solar panel 1 by snap fasteners or bolts, facilitating disassembly and installation; the horizontal rotation mechanism 21 is driven by a horizontal stepper motor to achieve 360° non-dead-angle tracking; the pitching rotation mechanism 22 adopts a worm and worm gear structure with a vertical motor (not shown in the figure) to ensure accurate adjustment of 0° - 90°.

[0087] Refer to Figures 5 to 13 , the solar energy collection device further includes a control board and a battery arranged in the cloud platform. The control board is also provided with a battery charging module, a USB connector 70, a power conversion module, as well as the control module, the motor drive module, and the current detection module; the corresponding ends of the control module are electrically connected to the corresponding ends of the power conversion module, the sensor module 4, and the motor drive module respectively;

[0088] The solar panel 1 is electrically connected to the battery through the current detection module and the battery charging module in sequence, and the battery is also electrically connected to the power conversion module; the USB connector 70 is also electrically connected to the current detection module;

[0089] The sensor circuit uses sensors to collect the light intensity in different areas.

[0090] The main control module includes an MCU, and the model of this MCU is PY32F040K2BU6TR; a microcontroller (MCU) for controlling circuit logic, including sensor signal acquisition and calculation, power supply current acquisition and calculation, and the rotation and control of the stepper motor;

[0091] The power conversion module includes a power conversion circuit 80, which includes a voltage conversion chip MT3405AC and its peripheral circuit. The corresponding terminals of the voltage conversion chip MT3405AC are electrically connected to the corresponding terminals of the MCU. The power conversion circuit 80 converts the battery power into the power required by the system.

[0092] The current detection module includes a current detection circuit 50, which includes a current detection chip LTC6101 and its peripheral circuit. The corresponding terminals of the current detection chip LTC6101 are electrically connected to the corresponding terminals of the solar panel 1, the USB connector, and the battery charging module respectively.

[0093] The battery charging module includes a battery charging circuit 60, which includes a battery charging chip TPB4056B2X-ES1R and its peripheral circuit. The corresponding terminals of the TPB4056B2X-ES1R are electrically connected to the corresponding terminals of the current detection chip LTC6101 and the battery. The battery charging circuit 60 uses solar energy to charge the equipped battery to prevent the battery from running out of power.

[0094] Further, the sensor module 4 includes a sensor circuit 40, which includes a three-light sensor chip XYC-ALS1206ACK1 and its peripheral circuit. The corresponding terminals of the three-light sensor chip XYC-ALS1206ACK1 are electrically connected to the corresponding terminals of the MCU respectively.

[0095] Further, the motor drive module includes a motor drive circuit 90 and a drive power supply circuit electrically connected to the corresponding terminals of the motor drive circuit 90. The motor drive circuit 90 includes a motor drive chip ULN2803 and its peripheral circuit. The drive power supply circuit includes a drive power supply chip ETA1038 and its peripheral circuit. The corresponding terminals of the drive chip ULN2803 can be electrically connected to the corresponding terminals of the MCU and the drive power supply chip ETA1038 respectively. The motor drive circuit 90 is used to control the rotation of the solar panel in the front, back, left, and right directions to achieve the function of automatically tracking the sun.

[0096] In the present invention, the power supply of the device is targeted at a solar charging panel, referring to a power supply system within 12V. The power supply is directly connected to the power input interface J1 of this USB connector 70 through the USB interface of the solar panel 1, and through the reverse connection prevention circuit composed of diode D1, the power is output from J1 to J2 to charge the external interface that requires solar energy. The current detection circuit uses U39 (LTC6101) to collect the operating current of the entire system and collect data in real time. To ensure stability and applicability, this device comes with a single 18650 battery, and the solar panel 1 charges the battery. The solar power charges the battery linearly through U1 (TPB4056) and its peripheral resistors and capacitors, and the charging current is adjustable. The entire MCU control is implemented using U2 (PY32F040) to collect and calculate the signals of sensors U5, U6, U7 (XYC-ALS1206AC-K1), collect and calculate the power supply current, and control the rotation of the motor. Combining the structure and software algorithm to most efficiently achieve the energy collection of the solar panel. The entire control system uses a stepper motor driver U8 (ULN2803) and a drive power supply U9 (ETA1038) to drive the motor to rotate.

[0097] The present invention can improve the energy collection efficiency: by automatically tracking the movement of the sun, the solar panel can always maintain the best angle with the sun's rays, thereby maximizing the collection of solar energy.

[0098] The pan-tilt of the present invention includes a horizontal rotation mechanism and a pitch rotation mechanism, enabling the solar panel to flexibly adjust the angle to track the sun. It can track the sun's movement horizontally from 0 to 360° and the sun's irradiation angle vertically from 0 to 90°. This design improves the response speed and accuracy of the solar panel to changes in the sun's position, thereby improving the energy collection efficiency.

[0099] The detachable housing of the present invention not only protects the solar panel but also facilitates installation and maintenance. Its adaptability allows the solar panel to be quickly replaced or upgraded according to needs, increasing the flexibility and scalability of the system.

[0100] The sensor module of the present invention includes at least three light sensors, which are distributed in different orientations of the housing and are used to collect multi-directional light intensity data. Different angles are used to place them to achieve the collection of light from different directions. These data provide real-time environmental information for the control module, enabling the system to automatically adjust the angle of the solar panel according to the light change and optimize the energy collection.

[0101] The current detection module of the present invention: monitors the system charging current in real time to ensure that the system operates in a safe and efficient state. By monitoring the current change, the system can adjust the energy collection strategy to adapt to different charging requirements and conditions.

[0102] The control module MCU of the present invention: As the brain of the system, the MCU receives sensor data and current data, calculates the optimal energy collection angle, and generates motor control signals. Its intelligent processing ability enables the system to automatically adapt to environmental changes and improve the intelligent level of energy collection.

[0103] The motor drive module of the present invention: Drives the horizontal rotation mechanism and the pitch rotation mechanism according to the control signal of the MCU to achieve precise adjustment of the solar panel. The precise control ability of the motor drive module ensures that the solar panel can be quickly and accurately adjusted to the optimal position.

[0104] The detachable bracket of the present invention: Supports multiple installation methods (hoisting, wall mounting or pile mounting), enabling the solar energy collection device to adapt to different installation environments and angle requirements. This design improves the versatility of the device and the convenience of installation.

[0105] The design scheme of the present invention uses the method of light sensor + current detection to intelligently identify the light intensity of the environment where the solar panel is located and the charging current required by the device. Through the detection and judgment of the MCU, the motor is driven to drive the function of the solar panel to automatically track the sun, and the solar energy is maximally utilized to charge the device.

[0106] Refer to Figure 14 , the present invention also provides a control method for a solar energy collection device, including the following steps:

[0107] Step 1: Self-check the software at startup, and first restore the machine to the default state (horizontal 0°, vertical 45°); the MCU controls the vertical motor at 45°, and the horizontal motor rotates from 0° to 360° self-rotation, and records the values of the three light sensors and the maximum and minimum current values every 10° of rotation. And through the values of Sen1 and Sen2, the maximum value of the two values and the maximum current value during the rotation are statistically obtained. Through the motor step size and the comparison value, the horizontal motor is rotated to the position of the maximum values of Sen1 and Sen2 and the maximum current value;

[0108] Step 2: Rotate the vertical motor from 45° to 90°, from 90° to 0°, and from 0° to 45° at an angle of 5°, record the values of the three light sensors and the maximum current value each time, and rotate the vertical motor to the position of the maximum values of Sen1 and Sen2 and the maximum current value; these two steps complete the default position of the solar panel after startup;

[0109] Step 3: The MCU statistically calculates the values of Sen1, Sen2, Sen3 and the charging current I every 5 minutes to form an array value; every 30 minutes, check the changes of the recorded values of Sen1, Sen2, Sen3 and the current I respectively.

[0110] Step 4: Prioritize the change in charging current as the judgment criterion. If the charging current I is always less than 100 mA, and Sen1, Sen2, and Sen3 are all not greater than 500 lux, it indicates bad weather, and go back to Step 3 to continue execution;

[0111] Step 5: If the charging current I is always less than 100 mA and there is a value among Sen1, Sen2, and Sen3 greater than 500 lux, it indicates average weather. At this time, execute the motor logic in Step 6 to rotate the solar panel;

[0112] Step 6: If the charging current is always greater than 100 mA, judge based on the initially recorded Sen1 and Sen2 and the finally recorded Sen1 and Sen2 values;

[0113] If the finally recorded Sen1 and Sen2 values are greater than the initially recorded Sen1 and Sen2 values:

[0114] Case 1: Sen1 > Sen2, the horizontal motor turns left to the final statistical position. If the initially recorded Sen3 value is greater than the starting recorded Sen3 value, the vertical motor turns upward;

[0115] Case 2: Sen1 > Sen2, the horizontal motor turns left to the final statistical position. If the initially recorded Sen3 value is less than the starting recorded Sen3 value, the vertical motor turns downward;

[0116] Case 3: Sen1 < Sen2, the horizontal motor turns right to the final statistical position. If the initially recorded Sen3 value is greater than the starting recorded Sen3 value, the vertical motor turns upward;

[0117] Case 4: Sen1 < Sen2, the horizontal motor turns right to the final statistical position. If the initially recorded Sen3 value is less than the starting recorded Sen3 value, the vertical motor turns downward;

[0118] If the finally recorded Sen1 and Sen2 values are less than the initially recorded Sen1 and Sen2 values:

[0119] Case 1: The initially recorded Sen3 value is greater than the starting recorded Sen3 value, the vertical motor turns upward;

[0120] Case 2: The initially recorded Sen3 value is less than the starting recorded Sen3 value, the vertical motor turns downward;

[0121] Case 3: The initially recorded Sen3 value has little difference from the starting recorded Sen3 value, do not rotate the motor;

[0122] Step 7: Repeat Steps 3 to 6 to continuously optimize the angle of the solar panel and maximize the energy collection efficiency.

[0123] The solution of the control method of the solar energy collection device aims to maximize the solar energy collection efficiency by intelligently controlling the angle of the solar panel to adapt to different lighting conditions; it adopts automatic calibration: when the system starts, it automatically restores the solar panel to the default position to ensure adjustment starting from a known state. It uses multi-sensor data acquisition: multiple light sensors (Sen1, Sen2, Sen3) are used to collect light intensity data in different directions to provide a basis for accurately adjusting the solar panel; current monitoring: the charging current I is monitored in real time to ensure that the system operates in a safe and efficient state. It has intelligent adjustment: according to the light intensity and current data, it intelligently calculates and adjusts the horizontal and vertical angles of the solar panel to track the sun and maximize energy collection. Environmental adaptability: by analyzing the light and current data, it automatically judges the weather conditions and adjusts the rotation strategy of the motor accordingly to adapt to different environmental conditions. When the light is insufficient or the weather is bad, it reduces the motor adjustment frequency to reduce energy consumption and extend the equipment life. Through continuous monitoring and adjustment, it realizes the automatic tracking function of the solar panel to ensure that the solar panel is always in the best energy collection position.

[0124] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformation made under the inventive concept of the present invention by using the content of the specification and drawings of the present invention, or directly / indirectly applied in other related technical fields, is included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solar energy collection device, characterized in that: include: A solar panel (1) for converting light energy into electrical energy; The pan / tilt platform (2) comprises a horizontal rotation mechanism (21) and a pitch rotation mechanism (22), wherein the horizontal rotation mechanism (21) drives the solar panel (1) to rotate horizontally within a range of 0-360 degrees, and the pitch rotation mechanism (22) drives the solar panel (1) to adjust the pitch within a range of 0-90 degrees; A detachable casing (3) adapted to fit around the periphery of the solar panel (1) and fixed on the pan / tilt platform (2); The sensor module (4) comprises at least three light sensors, which are distributed at different positions of the detachable casing (3) and are used to collect light intensity data in multiple directions; Current detection module, real-time monitoring of system charging current; A control module receives light intensity data from the sensor module (4) and current data from the current detection module, calculates a maximum energy collection angle, and generates a motor control signal; The motor driving module drives the horizontal rotation mechanism (21) and the pitch rotation mechanism (22) according to the control signal of the control module.

2. The solar energy collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solar energy collection device also includes a detachable bracket (8), one end of which is mounted on the bottom of the pan / tilt platform (2), and the other end of which is used for hoisting, wall mounting or pile mounting.

3. The solar energy collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three light sensors in the sensor module (4) are arranged respectively facing straight ahead, 45° to the left and 45° to the right, and are used for multi-angle light data comparison.

4. The solar energy collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pitch rotation mechanism (22) is arranged on the horizontal rotation mechanism (21), and the detachable casing (3) is installed on the pitch rotation mechanism (22); the detachable casing (3) is detachably connected to the solar panel (1) via buckles or bolts.

5. The solar energy collection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The horizontal rotation mechanism (21) is driven by a horizontal stepping motor to achieve 360° tracking without blind spots; the pitch rotation mechanism (22) adopts a worm gear structure with a vertical motor.

6. The solar energy collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solar energy collection device also includes a control panel and a battery arranged in the pan / tilt platform. The control panel is also provided with a battery charging module, a USB connector (70), a power conversion module, and the control module, the motor drive module, and the current detection module. The corresponding end of the control module is electrically connected to the corresponding end of the power conversion module, the sensor module (4), and the motor drive module respectively. The solar panel (1) is electrically connected to the battery via the current detection module and the battery charging module in sequence, and the battery is also electrically connected to the power conversion module; the USB connector (70) is also electrically connected to the current detection module.

7. The solar energy collection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The main control module includes an MCU, and the model of the MCU is PY32F040K2BU6TR; The power conversion module comprises a power conversion circuit (80), the power conversion circuit (80) comprises a voltage conversion chip MT3405AC and its peripheral circuits, and a corresponding end of the voltage conversion chip MT3405AC is electrically connected to a corresponding end of the MCU; The current detection module comprises a current detection circuit (50), the current detection circuit (50) comprises a current detection chip LTC6101 and its peripheral circuits, and the corresponding ends of the current detection chip LTC6101 are electrically connected to the solar panel (1), the USB connector (70), and the corresponding ends of the battery charging module respectively; The battery charging module comprises a battery charging circuit (60), which comprises a battery charging chip TPB4056B2X-ES1R and its peripheral circuits. The corresponding end of the TPB4056B2X-ES1R is electrically connected to the current detection chip LTC6101 and the corresponding end of the battery.

8. The solar energy collection device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sensor module (4) comprises a sensor circuit, which comprises a three-light sensor chip XYC-ALS1206ACK1 and its peripheral circuits, and corresponding ends of the three-light sensor chip XYC-ALS1206ACK1 are electrically connected to corresponding ends of the MCU respectively.

9. The solar energy collection device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The motor drive module comprises a motor drive circuit (90) and a drive power supply circuit electrically connected to a corresponding end of the motor drive circuit (90); the motor drive circuit (90) comprises a motor drive chip ULN2803 and its peripheral circuits; the drive power supply circuit comprises a drive power supply chip ETA1038 and its peripheral circuits; and the corresponding end of the drive chip ULN2803 can be electrically connected to a corresponding end of an MCU and a drive power supply chip ETA1038, respectively.

10. A control method for a solar energy collection device, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Start the software self-check and restore the machine to the default state; MCU controls the vertical motor to rotate at 45° and the horizontal motor from 0° to 360°, and records the values ​​of the three light sensors and the current maximum value every time it rotates 10°, and calculates the maximum value and the current maximum value of the two values ​​during the rotation process through the values ​​of Sen1 and Sen2, and rotates the horizontal motor to the maximum value and current maximum position of Sen1 and Sen2 through the motor step length and comparison value; Step 2: Rotate the vertical motor from 45° to 90°, 90° to 0°, and 0° to 45° at an angle of 5°, record the values ​​of the three light sensors and the maximum current each time, and rotate the vertical motor to the maximum values ​​of Sen1 and Sen2 and the maximum current position; Step 3: The MCU counts the values ​​of Sen1, Sen2, Sen3 and charging current I every 5 minutes to form an array value; every 30 minutes, the recorded values ​​of Sen1, Sen2, Sen3 and current I are checked for changes in their respective values; Step 4: First, take the change of charging current as the judgment standard. If the charging current I is always less than 100mA, and Sen1, Sen2, and Sen3 are all less than 500lux, it means that the weather is bad, and return to step 3 to continue; Step 5: If the charging current I is always less than 100mA, and any of the values ​​of Sen1, Sen2, and Sen3 is greater than 500lux, it means the weather is normal. At this time, execute the motor logic of step 6 to rotate the solar panel; Step 6: If the charging current is always greater than 100 mA, judge according to the initially recorded Sen1 and Sen2 and the finally recorded Sen1 and Sen2 values; If the finally recorded Sen1 and Sen2 values are greater than the initially recorded Sen1 and Sen2 values: Case 1: Sen1 > Sen2, the horizontal motor turns left to the final statistical position. If the initially recorded Sen3 value is greater than the starting recorded Sen3 value, the vertical motor turns upward; Case 2: Sen1 > Sen2, the horizontal motor turns left to the final statistical position. If the initially recorded Sen3 value is less than the starting recorded Sen3 value, the vertical motor turns downward; Case 3: Sen1 < Sen2, the horizontal motor turns right to the final statistical position. If the initially recorded Sen3 value is greater than the starting recorded Sen3 value, the vertical motor turns upward; Case 4: Sen1 < Sen2, the horizontal motor turns right to the final statistical position. If the initially recorded Sen3 value is less than the starting recorded Sen3 value, the vertical motor turns downward; If the finally recorded Sen1 and Sen2 values are less than the initially recorded Sen1 and Sen2 values: Case 1: The initially recorded Sen3 value is greater than the starting recorded Sen3 value, the vertical motor turns upward; Case 2: The initially recorded Sen3 value is less than the starting recorded Sen3 value, the vertical motor turns downward; Case 3: The difference between the initially recorded Sen3 value and the starting recorded Sen3 value is not significant, and the motor does not need to be turned; Step 7: Repeat Steps 3 to 6 to continuously optimize the angle of the solar panel and maximize the energy collection efficiency.

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