A vertebral surgical instrument

Abstract

This invention provides a vertebral surgical instrument, comprising: a drilling module including a drilling machine, a transmission mechanism mounted on the drilling machine, and a drill bit assembly connected to the transmission mechanism; the drilling machine drives the transmission mechanism during operation to simultaneously drill two through holes in the spinous process of the vertebra; and a clamping forceps including two hinged handles and two sets of clamping components mounted on the two handles, the two sets of clamping components passing through the corresponding through holes to clamp and fix the spinous process of the vertebra, thereby limiting the clamping forceps to the spinous process. The vertebral surgical instrument provided by this invention allows for single-handed operation and improves the safety, precision, and efficiency of surgery, reduces surgical risks and complications, and enhances surgical efficiency and effectiveness.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, and in particular to a vertebral surgical instrument. Background Technology

[0002] In the development of modern medicine, thoracic spinal stenosis has gradually become one of the diseases that have received much attention. Thoracic spinal stenosis is a disease caused by various lesions within the thoracic spinal canal, leading to a reduction in the effective volume of the spinal canal, which in turn compresses the spinal cord or nerve roots, causing a series of clinical symptoms. Its causes are diverse, including thoracic intervertebral disc herniation, thickening and calcification of the ligamentum flavum, ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament, and osteophyte formation on the posterior margin of the thoracic vertebral body.

[0003] With the increasing aging of the population and changes in lifestyle, the incidence of thoracic spinal stenosis is on the rise. Patients often experience lower limb weakness, numbness, unsteady gait, and bowel and bladder dysfunction, severely impacting their quality of life. For patients with severe symptoms who do not respond to conservative treatment, thoracic posterior wall resection and spinal canal decompression become an important treatment option.

[0004] Thoracic posterior wall resection for spinal canal decompression is a complex and delicate surgical procedure aimed at removing diseased tissue compressing the spinal cord, expanding the spinal canal volume, and restoring normal spinal cord function. Precise and safe lamina traction is crucial during the procedure. However, current lamina traction tools face numerous challenges in practical application.

[0005] In traditional surgical procedures, towel clamps are often used for manipulation with one hand. However, these towel clamps have significant drawbacks. Due to their design limitations, they cannot provide sufficient grip stability when operated with one hand. During surgery, surgeons need to perform delicate operations within a limited and complex surgical area, and factors such as slippage of the spinous process of the vertebral laminae, fatigue, or external interference can easily cause the towel clamps to slip out of their hands.

[0006] Furthermore, the structure and function of towel clamps are not well adapted to the diverse needs of surgery. When lifting the lamina, they cannot provide a uniform and stable force distribution, thus affecting the stability and accuracy of the procedure. Unstable manipulation can lead to unnecessary damage to surrounding tissues, increasing surgical risks and the likelihood of complications. For patients, this can mean longer recovery times, more pain, and potential health risks.

[0007] At the same time, due to the shortage of towel clamps, doctors need to spend more effort and time controlling the tools during surgery, which not only increases the difficulty of the operation but may also affect the efficiency and effectiveness of the surgery. Summary of the Invention

[0008] This invention provides a spinal surgery instrument that can be operated with one hand and can improve the safety, precision and efficiency of surgery, reduce surgical risks and complications, and improve surgical efficiency and effectiveness.

[0009] To address the aforementioned technical problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a vertebral surgical instrument, characterized in that it comprises:

[0010] The drilling module includes a drilling machine, a transmission mechanism mounted on the drilling machine, and a drill bit assembly connected to the transmission mechanism. When the drilling machine is running, it drives the transmission mechanism to drive the drill bit assembly to simultaneously open two through holes on the spinous process of the vertebra.

[0011] The operating clamp includes two hinged clamp handles and two sets of clamping components on the two clamp handles. The two sets of clamping components pass through corresponding through holes and clamp and fix the spinous process on the vertebra through the through holes, so that the operating clamp can be limited on the spinous process.

[0012] In some embodiments, the transmission mechanism includes an input shaft connected to the drilling machine and a transmission wheel assembly connected to the input shaft, and the drill bit assembly is connected to the transmission wheel assembly.

[0013] In some embodiments, the transmission wheel assembly includes a first gear connected to the input shaft and a second gear meshing with the first gear, and the drill bit assembly includes a first drill bit and a second drill bit, wherein the first drill bit is connected to the first gear and the second drill bit is connected to the second gear.

[0014] In some embodiments, the transmission wheel assembly further includes a third gear that meshes with the first gear and the second gear, wherein the second gear meshes with the first gear through the third gear.

[0015] In some embodiments, the drilling module further includes a housing, the transmission mechanism is located inside the housing and its output end extends out of the housing, one end of the input shaft is located inside the housing and the other end is located outside the housing.

[0016] In some embodiments, the housing includes a housing with one open end and a cover plate removably disposed on the open end of the housing. The transmission wheel assembly in the transmission mechanism is rotatably disposed inside the housing. One end of the input shaft passes through the cover plate and extends into the housing, and is connected to the transmission wheel assembly. The output end of the transmission wheel assembly extends out of the housing and is connected to the drill bit assembly.

[0017] In some embodiments, the drill bit assembly has a drill bit and a locking cap, the drill bit being detachably connected to the output end of the drive wheel assembly via the locking cap.

[0018] In some embodiments, the drill bit is threadedly connected to the output end of the transmission wheel assembly via the locking cap, and an anti-slip structure is also provided between the locking cap and the output end to lock the locking cap and the output end to prevent them from slipping off.

[0019] In some embodiments, the two clamp handles are cross-hinged, the first ends of the two clamp handles facing the same direction are fitted with the clamping assembly, and the second ends of the two clamp handles are fitted with the limiting assembly.

[0020] In some embodiments, the first ends of the two clamp handles are arc-shaped, and the clamping assembly includes two sets of concave-convex mating structures respectively disposed on the first ends of the two clamp handles. When the first ends of the two clamp handles rotate closer, the concave-convex mating structures can engage through corresponding through holes and plug into each other.

[0021] The limiting component includes a first locking member and a second locking member respectively disposed at the second ends of the two clamp handles. The first locking member and the second locking member are respectively provided with a plurality of locking teeth. The two locking teeth at corresponding positions on the two second ends can cooperate to lock together, thereby fixing the relative position of the two clamp handles.

[0022] Based on the disclosure of the above embodiments, it is understood that the beneficial effects of the embodiments of this application include: by setting a drilling module capable of simultaneously opening two through holes and an operating forceps capable of simultaneously passing through two through holes to clamp the spinous process of the vertebra, it is possible to ensure that when medical personnel use vertebral surgical instruments with one hand to perform surgical operations, the instruments can firmly clamp the lamina, making it less likely to slip out of the hand, providing a stable and reliable lifting action for the operation, allowing medical personnel to more accurately control the lifting force and angle to adapt to different patients' thoracic spine structures and lesions, achieving precise spinal canal decompression, simplifying operation steps, reducing the risk of accidental damage to surrounding nerves, blood vessels and tissues caused by instrument instability or inaccurate operation, improving surgical safety, reducing time wasted due to inconvenient instrument operation, speeding up the surgical process, and shortening the patient's operation time and anesthesia exposure risk. At the same time, the overall structure of the surgical instruments in this embodiment is small and flexible, which is convenient for operation in the limited space of minimally invasive surgery, promoting the development of thoracic posterior wall resection spinal canal decompression surgery towards minimally invasive surgery. In addition, by using materials and structures that are easy to clean, disinfect and maintain, it can also help ensure the hygiene and service life of the instruments, and reduce medical costs.

[0023] Furthermore, the overall structure of the forceps in this embodiment is ergonomic, effectively reducing hand fatigue for surgeons and enabling them to maintain a good operating condition during prolonged surgeries. Moreover, the forceps are suitable for different patients with varying thoracic spine structures and complex lesions, increasing the applicability of the surgery. During surgery, medical personnel can pre-drill holes in the spinous process and then use the forceps to firmly clamp and fix the spinous process, thereby effectively assisting them in completing the surgical procedure more quickly.

[0024] Other features and advantages of this application will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the application. The objectives and other advantages of this application may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the written description, claims, and drawings.

[0025] The technical solution of this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the vertebral surgical instrument in the application embodiment.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the vertebral surgical instrument in the application embodiment.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another part of the vertebral surgical instrument in the application embodiment.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the application of the vertebral surgical instrument in the embodiments of the application.

[0031] Figure label:

[0032] 1-Transmission mechanism; 2-Operating clamp; 3-Input shaft; 4-First gear; 5-Second gear; 6-First drill bit; 7-Second drill bit; 8-Third gear; 9-House; 10-Cover plate; 11-Lock cap; 12-Output end; 13-Concave-convex mating structure; 14-First locking element; 15-Second locking element. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but these are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0034] It should be understood that various modifications can be made to the embodiments disclosed herein. Therefore, the following description should not be considered as limiting, but merely as an example of embodiments. Other modifications within the scope of this disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

[0035] The accompanying drawings, which are included in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the general description of the disclosure given above and the detailed description of the embodiments given below, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.

[0036] These and other features of the invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred forms of embodiments given as non-limiting examples, with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] It should also be understood that although the invention has been described with reference to some specific examples, those skilled in the art can certainly implement many other equivalent forms of the invention, which have the features described in the claims and are therefore all within the scope of protection defined herein.

[0038] The above and other aspects, features and advantages of this disclosure will become more apparent when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and in view of the following detailed description.

[0039] Specific embodiments of the present disclosure are described thereafter with reference to the accompanying drawings; however, it should be understood that the disclosed embodiments are merely examples of the present disclosure and can be implemented in various ways. Well-known and / or repeated functions and structures are not described in detail to avoid unnecessary or redundant details that could obscure the present disclosure. Therefore, the specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are not intended to be limiting, but merely to serve as the basis and representative basis for the claims to teach those skilled in the art to use the present disclosure in a variety of substantially any suitable detailed structures.

[0040] This specification may use the phrases “in one embodiment,” “in another embodiment,” “in yet another embodiment,” or “in still another embodiment,” all of which may refer to one or more of the same or different embodiments according to this disclosure.

[0041] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, this application provides a vertebral surgical instrument, including:

[0043] The drilling module includes a drilling machine, a transmission mechanism 1 mounted on the drilling machine, and a drill bit assembly connected to the transmission mechanism 1. When the drilling machine is running, it drives the transmission mechanism 1 to drive the drill bit assembly to simultaneously open two through holes on the spinous process of the vertebra.

[0044] The operating clamp 2 includes two hinged clamp handles and two sets of clamping components on the two clamp handles. The two sets of clamping components pass through the corresponding through holes and clamp and fix the spinous process on the vertebra through the through holes, so that the operating clamp 2 can be limited on the spinous process.

[0045] The vertebral surgical instrument in this embodiment can be applied to different types of vertebral surgeries, such as thoracic posterior wall resection and spinal canal decompression surgery, as well as surgeries for patients with different thoracic vertebral structures and complex lesions. This embodiment uses thoracic posterior wall resection and spinal canal decompression surgery as an example to illustrate the vertebral surgical instrument. The vertebral surgical instrument in this embodiment includes a drilling module and a manipulator 2. The drilling module is used to simultaneously create two through holes in the spinous process structure of the spine. The specific shape of the through holes is not fixed; they can be round or rectangular. Round holes are drilled using round hole drilling tools, and rectangular holes using rectangular hole drilling tools. Furthermore, the number of holes created is not fixed; it can be two or three, depending on the size of the spinous process. Typically, creating two through holes is sufficient. During surgery, medical personnel can simultaneously create two through holes in the spinous process using a drilling module. These holes allow the operating forceps 2 to firmly and stably clamp and fix the spinous process, enabling the medical personnel to cut and separate it. A peeling blade is then used to peel away the tunica albuginea attached to the spinous process, completing the removal of the entire spinous process. The clamping process can be operated with one hand; that is, a single-handed operation of the square-hole forceps can accurately and firmly clamp and fix the spinous process, making operation convenient and facilitating subsequent cutting and separation of the spinous process.

[0046] Based on the disclosure of the above embodiments, it can be understood that the beneficial effects of the embodiments of this application include: by setting a drilling module that can simultaneously open two through holes and an operating forceps 2 that can simultaneously pass through two through holes to clamp the spinous process of the vertebra, it can be ensured that when medical personnel use vertebral surgical instruments to perform surgical operations with one hand, the instruments can firmly clamp the lamina and are not prone to slipping out of the hand, providing a stable and reliable lifting action for the operation, enabling medical personnel to more accurately control the lifting force and angle to adapt to different patients' thoracic spine structures and lesions, achieve precise spinal canal decompression, simplify operation steps, reduce the risk of accidental damage to surrounding nerves, blood vessels and tissues caused by instrument instability or inaccurate operation, improve the safety of the operation, reduce the time wasted due to inconvenient instrument operation, speed up the surgical process, and shorten the patient's operation time and anesthesia exposure risk. Meanwhile, the surgical instrument in this embodiment has a compact and flexible overall structure, which facilitates operation in the limited space of minimally invasive surgery, promoting the development of thoracic posterior wall resection and spinal canal decompression surgery towards minimally invasive surgery. In addition, by using materials and structures that are easy to clean, disinfect and maintain, it can also help ensure the hygiene and service life of the instrument and reduce medical costs.

[0047] In one embodiment, the transmission mechanism 1 includes an input shaft 3 connected to the drilling machine and a transmission wheel assembly connected to the input shaft 3, and the drill bit assembly is connected to the transmission wheel assembly.

[0048] In this embodiment, the transmission mechanism 1 achieves the effect of one-to-many transmission through the transmission wheel assembly. That is, it transmits kinetic energy to multiple drill bits based on one input shaft 3, so that multiple drill bits can obtain kinetic energy and perform drilling work.

[0049] The transmission wheel assembly has a simple overall structure and is easy to manufacture, which can effectively reduce the complexity of the manufacturing process. It is also flexible in its configuration and can be configured in terms of quantity as needed, thereby adjusting the number of kinetic energy output ends 12, that is, adjusting the number of drill bits that can be driven simultaneously.

[0050] Specifically, in this embodiment, the transmission wheel assembly includes a first gear 4 connected to the input shaft 3 and a second gear 5 meshing with the first gear 4. The first gear 4 and the second gear 5 are arranged side by side. The drill bit assembly includes a first drill bit 6 and a second drill bit 7. The first drill bit 6 is connected to the first gear 4, and the second drill bit 7 is connected to the second gear 5.

[0051] Of course, as the number of holes to be drilled increases, more drill bits can be set, along with a greater number of gears.

[0052] To ensure efficient transfer of kinetic energy, so that the first gear 4 and the second gear 5 can rotate synchronously at the same speed, such as... Figure 2As shown, the transmission wheel assembly in this embodiment further includes a third gear 8 that meshes with the first gear 4 and the second gear 5. The second gear 5 meshes with the first gear 4 through the third gear 8. The first gear 4, the second gear 5, and the third gear 8 can be gear disks or cylindrical gears; the specific type is not unique. In this embodiment, cylindrical gears are preferably used to realize the structure of the transmission wheel assembly.

[0053] Continue to combine Figure 2 As shown, the drilling module also includes a housing, the transmission mechanism 1 is located inside the housing and its output end 12 extends out of the housing, one end of the input shaft 3 is located inside the housing and the other end is located outside the housing.

[0054] In this embodiment, the outer casing includes a shell 9 with one open end and a detachable cover plate 10 covering the open end of the shell 9. In this embodiment, the cross-sectional dimension of the shell 9 is smaller than that of the cover plate 10. Of course, this configuration is not unique, and they can also be the same size. The transmission wheel assembly in the transmission mechanism 1 is rotatably disposed inside the shell 9. One end of the input shaft 3 passes through the cover plate 10 and extends into the shell 9, and is connected to the transmission wheel assembly. The output end 12 of the transmission wheel assembly extends out of the shell 9 and is connected to the drill bit assembly, such as to the corresponding first drill bit 6 or second drill bit 7 in the drill bit assembly.

[0055] The first gear 4, the second gear 5, and the third gear 8 are rotatably mounted at the bottom of the housing 9 via a rotating shaft, and can also be rotatably connected to the top cover plate 10. That is, the two ends of the gear shaft can be rotatably connected to the corresponding housing 9 and cover plate 10 respectively, or the end of the gear shaft facing the bottom of the housing 9 can be rotatably connected to the housing 9, while the top is in a suspended state. The specific configuration is uncertain.

[0056] like Figure 2 As shown, the drill bit assembly in this embodiment has a drill bit and a locking cap 11. The drill bit is detachably connected to the output end 12 of the transmission wheel assembly through the locking cap 11.

[0057] In one embodiment, the drill bit is threadedly connected to the output end 12 of the transmission wheel assembly via the locking cap 11. Specifically, in this embodiment, the drill bit is threadedly connected to the output end 12 of the transmission wheel assembly via the locking cap 11. An external thread can be provided on the output end 12, and a matching internal thread can be provided on the locking cap 11 to achieve the threaded connection. Alternatively, the locking cap 11 and the output end 12 of the transmission wheel assembly can also be connected by a snap-fit ​​connection, such as by providing a snap-fit ​​structure that can be used to lock and fix the connection between the two.

[0058] In a preferred embodiment, the locking cap 11 and the output end 12 are further provided with an anti-slip structure for locking the locking cap 11 and the output end 12 to prevent them from slipping off.

[0059] For example, in this embodiment, the locking cap 11 and the output end 12 of the transmission wheel assembly are connected by a thread. In this embodiment, a limiting groove with a depth greater than the thread groove is provided at the end of the external thread on the output end 12 of the transmission wheel assembly. An elastic protrusion is provided inside the locking cap 11. When the elastic protrusion rotates with the thread between the locking cap 11 and the output end 12 to a position opposite to the limiting groove, the elastic protrusion is no longer compressed by the thread groove and elastically releases, allowing it to extend into the limiting groove for locking and positioning. This prevents the connector from slipping off the output end 12 of the transmission wheel assembly. Different connection structures between the connector and the output end 12 of the transmission wheel assembly will result in different anti-detachment structures, which can be determined according to the actual situation.

[0060] Continue to combine Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the two handles of the operating clamp 2 are cross-hinged, the first ends of the two handles facing the same direction are fitted with the clamping component, and the second ends of the two handles are fitted with the limiting component.

[0061] Specifically, the first ends of the two clamp handles are arc-shaped. When the two first ends rotate closer together as the two clamp handles rotate, the two arc-shaped first ends can overlap each other. The specific structure can be seen in Figure 1. The clamping assembly includes two sets of convex-concave mating structures 13 respectively disposed on the first ends of the two clamp handles. For example, they can be, but are not limited to, a first protrusion and a second protrusion with a long groove. When the first ends of the two clamp handles rotate closer together, the convex-concave mating structures 13 can fit through the corresponding through holes and interlock, that is, the first protrusion can fit into the long groove of the corresponding second protrusion. The two sets of convex-concave mating structures 13 are spaced apart along the length of the clamp handles, specifically corresponding to the positions of the two through holes provided on the ratchet.

[0062] The limiting component includes a first locking member 14 and a second locking member 15 respectively disposed at the second ends of the two clamp handles. The first locking member 14 and the second locking member 15 are respectively provided with a plurality of locking teeth. The two locking teeth at corresponding positions on the two second ends can cooperate to lock together, thereby fixing the relative position of the two clamp handles.

[0063] For example, the first locking member 14 and the second locking member 15 are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the second ends of the two pliers. Both the first locking member 14 and the second locking member 15 are strip-shaped plates. The two strip plates are attached to each other when the two pliers are brought close together, and multiple locking teeth are provided on the two surfaces that are attached to each other. The multiple locking teeth are spaced apart along the length of the strip plate. As the second ends of the two pliers rotate and approach each other to different degrees, the first locking member 14 and the second locking member 15 can be locked and fixed by the locking teeth at different positions.

[0064] Based on the above, this embodiment, by modifying the clamp structure, enhances the convenience of surgical operation, enabling more stable and secure clamping and fixation of the spinous process. Furthermore, precise control reduces accidental damage to surrounding important tissues (such as nerves and blood vessels), lowers the risk of surgical complications, and improves surgical efficiency and safety. Moreover, by clamping and fixing the target bone and precisely lifting it, spinal canal decompression can be achieved more effectively, improving patient symptoms, increasing treatment success rate, reducing postoperative recovery time and costs, and accelerating postoperative recovery.

[0065] The above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the claims. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or equivalent substitutions to the present invention within its spirit and scope of protection, and such modifications or equivalent substitutions should also be considered to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vertebral surgical instrument, characterized in that, The vertebral surgical instruments are used in thoracic posterior wall resection and spinal canal decompression surgery. The vertebral surgical instrument includes a drilling module and operating forceps; The drilling module is used to simultaneously create two through holes in the spinous process structure of the spine; the drilling module and the operating forceps are two independently formed instrument units, which are separated before use. The drilling module includes a drilling machine, a transmission mechanism mounted on the drilling machine, and a drill bit assembly connected to the transmission mechanism. The transmission mechanism includes an input shaft connected to the drilling machine and a transmission wheel assembly connected to the input shaft. The drill bit assembly is connected to the transmission wheel assembly. The transmission wheel assembly includes a first gear connected to the input shaft and a second gear meshing with the first gear. The drill bit assembly includes a first drill bit and a second drill bit. The first drill bit is connected to the first gear, and the second drill bit is connected to the second gear. When the drilling machine is running, it drives the transmission mechanism to simultaneously open two through holes in the spinous process of the vertebra. The transmission wheel assembly also includes a third gear meshing with the first gear and the second gear. The second gear meshes with the first gear through the third gear. The operating clamps hold and fix the spinous process through two through holes opened in the spinal spinous process structure by the drilling module. The operating pliers include two hinged pliers and two sets of clamping assemblies on the two pliers; the clamping assemblies include two sets of concave-convex mating structures respectively disposed on the first ends of the two pliers, the concave-convex mating structures being a first protrusion and a second protrusion with a long groove; when the first ends of the two pliers rotate close together, the concave-convex mating structures can fit through the corresponding through holes and insert into each other, that is, the first protrusion can fit into the long groove of the corresponding second protrusion; The two sets of concave-convex mating structures are spaced apart along the length of the clamp handle, specifically corresponding to the positions of the two through holes provided on the spinous process; so that the two sets of clamping components pass through the corresponding through holes, and then clamp and fix the spinous process on the vertebra through the through holes, so that the operating clamp can be limited on the spinous process; The vertebral surgical instrument, by setting up a drilling module that can simultaneously open two through holes and an operating forceps that can simultaneously pass through two through holes to clamp the spinous process of the vertebra, can ensure that when medical personnel use the vertebral surgical instrument to perform surgical operations with one hand, the instrument can firmly clamp the vertebral lamina and is less likely to slip out of their hands.

2. The vertebral surgical instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drilling module also includes a housing, the transmission mechanism is located inside the housing and its output end extends out of the housing, one end of the input shaft is located inside the housing and the other end is located outside the housing.

3. The vertebral surgical instrument according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer casing includes a shell with one open end and a detachable cover plate covering the open end of the shell. The transmission wheel assembly in the transmission mechanism is rotatably disposed inside the shell. One end of the input shaft passes through the cover plate and extends into the shell, and is connected to the transmission wheel assembly. The output end of the transmission wheel assembly extends out of the shell and is connected to the drill bit assembly.

4. The vertebral surgical instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drill bit assembly includes a drill bit and a locking cap, and the drill bit is detachably connected to the output end of the transmission wheel assembly via the locking cap.

5. The vertebral surgical instrument according to claim 4, characterized in that, The drill bit is threadedly connected to the output end of the transmission wheel assembly via the locking cap. The locking cap and the output end are also fitted with an anti-slip structure to lock the locking cap and the output end to prevent them from slipping off.

6. The vertebral surgical instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two clamp handles are hinged together, and the first ends of the two clamp handles facing the same direction are fitted with the clamping assembly, and the second ends of the two clamp handles are fitted with the limiting assembly.

7. The vertebral surgical instrument according to claim 6, characterized in that, The limiting component includes a first locking member and a second locking member respectively disposed at the second ends of the two clamp handles. The first locking member and the second locking member are respectively provided with a plurality of locking teeth. The two locking teeth at corresponding positions on the two second ends can cooperate to lock together, thereby fixing the relative position of the two clamp handles.

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