A sperm extraction device for Cuora flavomarginata and an artificial insemination method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a sperm extraction device for Cuora flavomarginata and an artificial insemination method. The sperm extraction device for Cuora flavomarginata comprises a box body, a fixing mechanism, a spraying system, a female turtle tail simulation member and a sperm collection groove; a supporting inclined plate for placing Cuora flavomarginata is arranged inside the box body; the fixing mechanism is configured to fix Cuora flavomarginata; the spraying system is configured to spray the back of Cuora flavomarginata; the position of the female turtle tail simulation member corresponds to the position of the tail of Cuora flavomarginata fixed on the supporting inclined plate; and the sperm collection groove is used for collecting the semen discharged by Cuora flavomarginata. The present invention can realize the artificial sperm extraction of Cuora flavomarginata, making a breakthrough from scratch in the artificial insemination technology of Cuora flavomarginata, giving full play to the reproductive potential of breeding turtles, and fundamentally reducing the problems of uneven distribution of mating resources, difficult mating and infertility existing in Cuora flavomarginata under the artificial breeding environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of Cuora flavomarginata breeding, and particularly relates to a sperm extraction device for Cuora flavomarginata and an artificial insemination method. Background Art

[0002] Cuora flavomarginata is a characteristic native species in China. Due to human capture and habitat destruction, the wild resources of Cuora flavomarginata are increasingly depleted and it has been included in the national second-class protected animals (only wild populations). Cuora flavomarginata is gentle and timid, easy to be stressed, with low aggressiveness towards humans, but has strong vigilance and will quickly shrink into its shell or flee when frightened. Male adult turtles have strong territoriality and may fight for mates during the breeding period (such as biting each other and hitting the carapace).

[0003] In recent years, with the gradual popularization of the ornamental and medicinal values of Cuora flavomarginata, the scale of its artificial breeding industry has gradually expanded, and the artificial breeding technology for Cuora flavomarginata has been relatively mature.

[0004] Currently, the main research direction for Cuora flavomarginata breeding is to improve the hatching rate of Cuora flavomarginata by regulating factors such as diet, breeding environment, and hatching conditions of Cuora flavomarginata, but regulating these factors cannot solve the problems of difficult mating of breeding turtles and low fertilization rate.

[0005] The natural mating method of Cuora flavomarginata is that when male and female turtles are in heat at the same time, the male turtle climbs onto the back of the female turtle, and the genital organ extends from the cloaca and probes into the cloaca of the female turtle to discharge semen, thus completing the entire fertilization process. In the artificial breeding environment, affected by factors such as single diet, small temperature difference, fighting among male turtles for competition, few female turtles in heat and non-cooperation, and waste of mating opportunities due to multiple matings of some female turtles, the results of natural mating are often not ideal. The fertilization rate of female turtles is usually between 50% - 80%, the fertilization rate is relatively low, and even the situation of non-fertilization occurs.

[0006] Mastering the artificial insemination technology of Cuora flavomarginata is a major breakthrough in the development of the Cuora flavomarginata industry. Its significance lies in improving the output by giving full play to the breeding potential of breeding turtles and assisting the development of the Cuora flavomarginata seed industry, but there is no relevant report on the artificial insemination technology of Cuora flavomarginata at present. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a sperm extraction device for Cuora flavomarginata and an artificial insemination method, which can achieve a single sperm extraction success rate of 45%, realizing a breakthrough from scratch in the artificial insemination technology of Cuora flavomarginata, giving full play to the breeding potential of breeding turtles, and fundamentally reducing the problems of uneven distribution of mating resources, difficult mating, and non-fertilization existing in the artificial breeding environment of Cuora flavomarginata.

[0008] A sperm extraction device for Cuora flavomarginata includes:

[0009] Box body; a support inclined plate for placing the yellow-margined box turtle is arranged inside the box body; the support inclined plate includes a high end for placing the tail of the yellow-margined box turtle and a low end for placing the head of the yellow-margined box turtle; the high end is flush with the upper edge of the box body;

[0010] Fixing mechanism; the fixing mechanism is fixedly connected to the box body and is configured to fix the yellow-margined box turtle placed on the support inclined plate;

[0011] Spray system; the spray system includes a nozzle; the nozzle is configured to spray the back of the yellow-margined box turtle fixed on the support inclined plate;

[0012] Female turtle tail simulation part; the female turtle tail simulation part is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the box body on the side for placing the tail of the yellow-margined box turtle; the position of the female turtle tail simulation part corresponds to the position of the tail of the yellow-margined box turtle fixed on the support inclined plate;

[0013] Semen receiving groove; the semen receiving groove is arranged below the female turtle tail simulation part and is used for collecting the semen discharged by the yellow-margined box turtle.

[0014] Preferably, the female turtle tail simulation part includes a cylindrical part and an inclined conical part; one end of the cylindrical part is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the box body, and the other end of the cylindrical part is fixedly connected to the head end of the inclined conical part; the tail end of the inclined conical part is higher than the highest point of the cylindrical part.

[0015] Preferably, it further includes a fluid guide for guiding the semen discharged by the yellow-margined box turtle; the fluid guide is fixedly connected to the lower edge of the cylindrical part.

[0016] Preferably, the fixing mechanism includes 4 fixing parts symmetrically arranged on both sides of the box body; each fixing part includes a fixing seat, a fixing rod, a knob and a fixing plate; the fixing seat is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the box body; the fixing rod includes a first fixing rod piece and a second fixing rod piece which are non-collinear; one end of the first fixing rod piece is hinged to the fixing seat, and the other end of the first fixing rod piece is fixedly connected to the second fixing rod piece; the fixing plate is fixedly arranged at the end head of the second fixing rod piece far from the connection end with the first fixing rod piece; the knob is used to fasten the first fixing rod piece and the fixing seat; an anti-slip pad is fixedly arranged on the surface of the fixing plate.

[0017] Preferably, the surface of the support inclined plate is an anti-slip surface.

[0018] Preferably, the semen receiving groove is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the box body; the semen receiving groove includes a groove body with a semi-conical groove structure.

[0019] According to another aspect of the present application, there is also provided an artificial insemination method for Cuora flavomarginata, which uses the sperm extraction device for Cuora flavomarginata to extract sperm, including:

[0020] Select healthy and mature breeding turtles that have been raised in an artificial environment for more than half a year and are over 8 years old. During the estrus period, use the sperm extraction device for Cuora flavomarginata to extract sperm from male turtles;

[0021] Within half an hour after sperm extraction, use the obtained semen of male turtles to perform artificial insemination on female turtles.

[0022] Preferably, select healthy and mature breeding turtles that have been raised in an artificial environment for more than half a year and are over 8 years old. During the estrus period, use the sperm extraction device for Cuora flavomarginata to extract sperm from male turtles, including:

[0023] Select healthy and mature male turtles that have been raised in an artificial environment for more than half a year and are over 8 years old. Feed them normally to ensure that the male turtles have good physical strength and avoid stress;

[0024] Stop feeding the male turtles three days before sperm extraction, and soak them in water for intestinal cleansing one day before sperm extraction. Place them in a dark place in the sperm extraction environment and let them rest alone;

[0025] During sperm extraction, clean the sperm extraction device for Cuora flavomarginata. After the sperm extraction device for Cuora flavomarginata is dried, place the male turtle to be sperm-extracted on the support inclined plate so that the end of the caudal scute of the male turtle extends 1-2 cm beyond the edge of the support inclined plate, and fix the male turtle using the fixing mechanism;

[0026] The operator leaves the sperm extraction room to allow the Cuora flavomarginata to adapt to the environment of the sperm extraction room and reduce the tension of the male turtle;

[0027] Spray the back of the Cuora flavomarginata fixed on the support inclined plate using a nozzle to stimulate the male turtle to be in heat;

[0028] When the head of the male turtle extends and retracts back and forth, water sprays out of its nostrils or white foam ejects, and the genital organ begins to expand, turn off the spraying system and get ready for sperm extraction;

[0029] When it is observed by the visual monitoring device that the genital organ has expanded to the maximum and then begins to contract and semen flows out, enter the sperm extraction room as soon as possible and collect the semen in the sperm collection tank;

[0030] After the genital organ of the male turtle has completely retracted, remove the male turtle to complete the sperm extraction process.

[0031] Preferably, when spraying the back of the Cuora flavomarginata fixed on the support inclined plate using a nozzle, use pure water that is 3 degrees lower than the room temperature of the sperm extraction room for spraying.

[0032] Preferably, within half an hour after sperm extraction, use the obtained semen of male turtles to perform artificial insemination on female turtles, including:

[0033] Soak the female turtle in water for intestinal cleansing half an hour before sperm collection from the male turtle, dry the body, and disinfect the area around the cloaca with povidone iodine solution;

[0034] Within half an hour of sperm collection, place the female turtle upside down with its ventral carapace facing up, hold its tail, insert a syringe without a needle containing semen into its cloaca about 1 cm, and push the piston of the syringe to inject the semen into the cloaca;

[0035] Remove the syringe, pinch the tail of the female turtle to close the cloaca;

[0036] Keep the female turtle upside down for about five minutes, and use the contraction and expansion of the female turtle's cloaca to make the semen flow into the oviduct to complete artificial insemination.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the present application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0038] 1. The present invention can achieve artificial sperm collection of Cuora flavomarginata, making a breakthrough from scratch in the artificial insemination technology of Cuora flavomarginata, giving full play to the reproductive potential of breeding turtles, and fundamentally reducing the problems of uneven distribution of mating resources, difficult mating, and infertility in the artificial breeding environment of Cuora flavomarginata.

[0039] 2. The sperm collection device for Cuora flavomarginata of the present invention has a female turtle tail simulation part for simulating the tail of the female turtle, so that the male turtle's genital organ can smoothly protrude after hooking the female turtle tail simulation part. Otherwise, even if the male turtle is in heat, it rarely protrudes its genital organ to ejaculate, resulting in sperm collection failure.

[0040] 3. The sperm collection device for Cuora flavomarginata of the present invention adopts a ramp design with a support inclined plate, so that the water will not spill into the sperm collection tank while the turtle is taking a shower and soaking, avoiding the failure of sperm collection caused by the mixing of sprayed water and semen. At the same time, through the setting of the fluid guide body, the success rate of semen collection is improved.

[0041] 4. When using the artificial insemination method of the present invention for artificial insemination, the fertilization rate of female turtles inseminated twice exceeds 95%. Each male turtle can collect sperm more than 30 times a year, and the success rate of single sperm collection is 45%, that is, more than 13 times of successful sperm collection, which can make more than 6 female turtles reach a fertilization rate of more than 95%, greatly improving the production efficiency.

[0042] 5. The artificial insemination method of Cuora flavomarginata of the present invention adopts a remote monitoring and control method during sperm collection, effectively avoiding the problem of low sense of security of male turtles when they are in heat, and improving the success rate of sperm collection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Some specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in an exemplary but not restrictive manner. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar components or parts. Those skilled in the art should understand that these drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. In the drawings:

[0044] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the sperm extraction device for Cuora flavomarginata of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the female turtle tail simulation part of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixing rod of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the overall process of the artificial insemination method for Cuora flavomarginata of the present invention.

[0048] Among them, the above-mentioned drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0049] 1, box body; 2, support inclined plate; 3, fixing member; 4, spraying system; 5, female turtle tail simulation part; 6, sperm receiving groove; 7, fluid guiding body; 8, drainage groove; 31, fixing seat; 32, fixing rod; 33, knob; 34, fixing plate; 41, support frame; 42, rigid water pipe; 43, nozzle; 51, columnar part; 52, inclined cone part; 321, first fixing rod member; 322, second fixing rod member. Detailed implementation manners

[0050] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the technical solutions of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific embodiments of the present application and the corresponding drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0051] Based on the fact that Cuora flavomarginata is gentle, timid, easily stressed, has low aggressiveness towards humans, but has strong vigilance and will quickly shrink into the shell or flee when frightened. Male adult turtles have strong territoriality and may fight for mates during the breeding period (such as biting each other and hitting the carapace). At the same time, the genital organs of male Cuora flavomarginata are located in the cloaca and are usually hidden inside the body. During mating, they protrude out by congestion and erection. Therefore, the difficulty in artificial insemination of Cuora flavomarginata lies in sperm extraction from male turtles.

[0052] This plan sets up a yellow-margined box turtle sperm collection device, uses the yellow-margined box turtle sperm collection device to collect sperm, and relies on the yellow-margined box turtle artificial insemination method to achieve a single sperm collection success rate of 45%, making a breakthrough from scratch in the artificial insemination technology of the yellow-margined box turtle, giving full play to the breeding potential of the breeding turtles, and fundamentally reducing the problems of uneven distribution of mating resources, difficulty in mating, and unfertilization of the yellow-margined box turtle in artificial breeding environments.

[0053] like Figures 1-3 As shown, a semen collection device for yellow-margined box turtles includes: a box body 1, a fixing mechanism, a spray system 4, a female turtle tail simulation part 5 and a semen receiving groove 6.

[0054] The box 1 is provided with a support inclined plate 2 for placing the yellow-margined box turtle. The support inclined plate 2 includes a high end for placing the tail of the yellow-margined box turtle and a low end for placing the head of the yellow-margined box turtle. The high end is flush with the upper edge of the box 1. Preferably, the box 1 is 20 cm long, 15 cm wide, and 5 cm high. It should be noted that the box 1 can be of other sizes as long as it can accommodate the yellow-margined box turtle.

[0055] The fixing mechanism is fixedly connected to the box body 1 and is configured to fix the yellow-margined box turtle placed on the supporting inclined plate 2.

[0056] The spraying system 4 includes a nozzle 43 , which is configured to spray the back of the yellow-margined box turtle fixed on the supporting inclined plate 2 .

[0057] A female turtle tail simulating member 5 is fixed to the outer wall of the housing 1, on the side of the housing where the yellow-margined box turtle's tail is placed. The position of the female turtle tail simulating member 5 corresponds to the position of the yellow-margined box turtle's tail fixed to the support ramp 2. This allows the yellow-margined box turtle, when secured to the support ramp 2 and stimulated, to hook the female turtle's tail simulating member with its tail tip and flip out its genitals. Conversely, repeated experiments have shown that without this female turtle tail simulating member 5, even male turtles in estrus rarely extend their genitals to ejaculate, resulting in sperm extraction failure.

[0058] The semen collecting groove 6 is arranged below the female turtle tail simulation part 5 and is used to collect the semen discharged by the yellow-margined box turtle.

[0059] In this embodiment, the female turtle tail simulation member 5 comprises a columnar portion 51 and an oblique cone portion 52. One end of the columnar portion 51 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the housing 1, and the other end is fixedly connected to the head of the oblique cone portion 52. The tail end of the oblique cone portion 52 is higher than the highest point of the columnar portion 51, so that the oblique cone portion 52 is tilted, making it easier for the male turtle's tail tip to hook onto it. Preferably, the angle between the axis of the oblique cone portion 52 and the axis of the columnar portion 51 is 30 degrees, and the tail end of the oblique cone portion 52 has a smooth transition.

[0060] Further, the length of the female turtle tail simulation part is 3 cm, and the diameter of the cylindrical part 51 is 1 cm.

[0061] As another embodiment of the present invention, a sperm extraction device for Cuora flavomarginata also includes a fluid guide 7 for guiding the semen discharged by the Cuora flavomarginata. The fluid guide 7 is fixedly connected to the lower edge of the cylindrical part 51, and can guide the semen on the female turtle tail simulation part 5, improve the semen collection effect, and reduce the adhesion of semen on the female turtle tail simulation part 5.

[0062] Preferably, the fluid guide 7 is in an inverted cone shape. After the male turtle discharges semen, the semen will gather or fall at the lower end of the fluid guide 7, improving the diversion effect.

[0063] In this embodiment, the fixing mechanism includes 4 fixing parts 3 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the box body 1. The 4 fixing parts 3 fix the turtle shell and cooperate with the support inclined plate 2 to fix the Cuora flavomarginata to be sperm-extracted. The fixing part 3 includes a fixing seat 31, a fixing rod 32, a knob 33 and a fixing plate 34. The fixing seat 31 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the box body 1. The fixing rod 32 includes a first fixing rod 321 and a second fixing rod 322 which are non-collinearly arranged. The non-collinearly arranged first fixing rod 321 and second fixing rod 322 have a certain included angle, so that after being hinged to the box body 1, the fixing rod 32 has a better fixing angle. One end of the first fixing rod 321 is hinged to the fixing seat 31, and the other end of the first fixing rod 321 is fixedly connected to the second fixing rod 322; the fixing plate 34 is fixedly arranged at the end of the second fixing rod 322 away from the connection end with the first fixing rod 321. Among them, the knob 33 is used to fasten the first fixing rod 321 and the fixing seat 31. The surface of the fixing plate 34 is fixedly provided with an anti-slip pad to increase the friction with the surface of the Cuora flavomarginata turtle shell and further prevent the Cuora flavomarginata from escaping during sperm extraction.

[0064] As another embodiment of the present invention, the sperm receiving groove 6 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the box body 1; the sperm receiving groove 6 includes a groove body with a semi-cone groove structure. Since the amount of semen discharged by the Cuora flavomarginata each time is small, the groove body with a semi-cone groove structure can make the semen discharged by the Cuora flavomarginata gather inside the sperm receiving groove 6, facilitating semen collection.

[0065] As another embodiment of the present invention, the spraying system 4 includes a support frame 41, a rigid water pipe 42, a nozzle 43, as well as a water pump and a water tank. The nozzle 43 is fixed below the rigid water pipe 42, and the spray outlet of the nozzle 43 is arranged obliquely downward, so that the nozzle 43 can spray water in a certain inclination angle towards the head direction of the Cuora flavomarginata, and the sprayed water falls on the turtle shell. While spraying and stimulating the Cuora flavomarginata, it avoids spraying into the sperm receiving groove 6.

[0066] In addition, the nozzle 43 is connected to the water tank through the hard water pipe 42 and other pipes connected to the hard water pipe 42. A water pump is provided on the pipe between the nozzle 43 and the water tank to provide power for pumping water.

[0067] Preferably, the support frame 41 has a cavity inside, and the water pump and the water tank are in the cavity. This structure can effectively reduce the space occupied by the spray system 4 and improve the integration.

[0068] In this embodiment, the nozzle 43 is directed toward the front half of the body of the yellow-margined box turtle, and the spraying speed is controlled at 1.5 L / h. The spraying system can be remotely controlled by the control system.

[0069] As another embodiment of the present invention, the surface of the support ramp 2 is a non-slip surface. When the surface of the support ramp 2 is a non-slip surface, the friction between the turtle's bottom plate and the surface of the support ramp 2 can be increased, and a fulcrum for the turtle's front paws can be provided, thereby increasing the male turtle's sense of security.

[0070] As another embodiment of the present invention, a drainage groove 8 is opened on the side wall of the box body 1 connected to the lower end of the supporting inclined plate 2. The drainage groove 8 is arranged above the lower end of the supporting inclined plate 2 and passes through the side wall of the box body 1, so that the accumulated water in the box body 1 can be discharged in time to prevent the yellow-margined box turtle from drowning.

[0071] Based on the same inventive concept, Figure 4 As shown, the present invention also provides a method for artificial insemination of a yellow-margined box turtle, which uses a yellow-margined box turtle sperm collection device to collect sperm, comprising the following steps:

[0072] S1. Select healthy and mature breeding turtles that have been raised in an artificial environment for more than half a year and are over 8 years old. Use the yellow-margined box turtle sperm collection device to collect sperm from male turtles during the estrus period.

[0073] Specifically, select healthy and mature male turtles that have been raised in an artificial environment for more than half a year and are over 8 years old. Feed them normally to ensure that the male turtles are in good physical condition and avoid stress.

[0074] When selecting breeding turtles, the weight of male turtles should not be less than 0.35kg (the size range of mature male turtles is 14-19cm long, 8-14cm wide, and 5-10cm high), and the weight of female turtles should not be less than 0.5kg. The selected breeding turtles should be raised in an artificial environment for more than half a year and fed normally with turtle food, vegetables, insects, etc. to ensure that the breeding turtles are in good physical condition and avoid stress.

[0075] In addition, it is recommended to collect sperm from male turtles during the estrus period from March to April and from August to October each year to increase the success rate of sperm collection.

[0076] Stop feeding the male turtle three days before sperm collection, soak it in water to clean its intestines one day before sperm collection, and place it in a dark place in the sperm collection environment to rest alone.

[0077] When collecting semen, clean the semen collection device for Cuora flavomarginata. After the device is dry, place the male turtle to be collected semen on the support inclined plate, with the end of the caudal scute extending 1-2 cm beyond the edge of the support inclined plate, and fix the male turtle using the fixing mechanism.

[0078] The operator leaves the semen collection room to allow Cuora flavomarginata to adapt to the environment of the semen collection room and reduce the tension of the male turtle.

[0079] Spray the back of the Cuora flavomarginata fixed on the support inclined plate using a nozzle to stimulate the male turtle to come into heat. Among them, when spraying the back of the Cuora flavomarginata, use pure water that is 3 degrees lower than the room temperature of the semen collection room for spraying.

[0080] When the head of the male turtle extends and retracts forward and backward, water sprays from the nostrils or white foam ejects, and the genitalia begin to swell, turn off the spraying system and get ready for semen collection.

[0081] As soon as it is observed by the visual monitoring device that the genitalia have swollen to the maximum and then begin to contract and semen flows out, enter the semen collection room as soon as possible and collect the semen in the semen collection trough.

[0082] After the genitalia of the male turtle have completely retracted, remove the male turtle to complete the semen collection process.

[0083] It should be noted that when collecting semen, a camera needs to be placed near the semen collection device for Cuora flavomarginata to observe the reaction of Cuora flavomarginata and then take corresponding operation measures.

[0084] When there is no reaction after spraying for more than 20 minutes, at this time, remove the male turtle and replace it with another male turtle for semen collection. The failed male turtle is returned to the isolation environment and can be tried again in the evening until successful.

[0085] In addition, the semen volume discharged by the male turtle each time is between 0.2-0.5 ml, and semen collection should not be too frequent. It is recommended not to exceed 6 times per month.

[0086] S2. Within half an hour after semen collection, use the obtained semen of the male turtle to perform artificial insemination on the female turtle.

[0087] Specifically, it includes the following process:

[0088] Soak the female turtle in water for intestinal cleansing half an hour before the male turtle's semen collection, dry the body, and disinfect the surrounding area of the cloaca using povidone iodine solution.

[0089] Within half an hour after semen collection, place the female turtle upside down with the ventral carapace facing up, hold the tail, insert a syringe without a needle containing semen into its cloaca about 1 cm, and push the piston of the syringe to inject the semen into the cloaca.

[0090] Remove the syringe, pinch the tail of the female turtle to close the cloaca.

[0091] Keep the female turtle upside down for about five minutes. Utilize the contraction and expansion of the female turtle's cloaca to make the semen flow into the fallopian tubes, thus completing artificial insemination.

[0092] It should be noted that the artificial insemination process is carried out in an indoor environment that is quiet, has moderate light, and a temperature between 18 - 25 degrees Celsius. Embodiment

[0093] During the mating season (March - April, August - October), select an appropriate amount of male turtles with an average weight of 0.5 kg, an average age of 15 years, normal body shape, and no injuries on the body surface. Stop feeding them three days in advance and isolate them for separate breeding in the sperm collection room. At the same time, prepare an appropriate amount of stable - producing female turtles with an average weight of 0.75 kg, an average age of 15 years, normal body shape, and no injuries on the body surface (the maximum number is 6 times that of the male turtles), and breed them normally in an artificial environment.

[0094] Soak the male turtle in water for half an hour the day before sperm collection. The water temperature is at room temperature to help the male turtle excrete and clean its intestines. On the day of sperm collection, choose a relatively cool early morning to carry out artificial insemination, ensuring that the room temperature is within the range of 18 - 25 degrees Celsius. Too low or too high a temperature will affect the male turtle's estrus probability. Half an hour before sperm collection, transfer the same number of female turtles as the male turtles to the sperm collection room, soak them in water for half an hour to excrete and clean their intestines, and dry their bodies. Disinfect the area around the cloaca with povidone - iodine solution. At this time, start collecting sperm from the male turtle. Use a thermometer to measure the specific room temperature, and add pure water that is 3 degrees lower than the room temperature to the water tank. Place the male turtle on the supporting inclined plate, and the end of the caudal scute should extend 1 - 2 cm beyond the edge of the supporting inclined plate. Make the fixing plates on the 4 fixing rods closely adhere to the carapace of the turtle. After fixing, tighten the knob. At this time, people leave the sperm collection room to let the turtle adapt to the environment and reduce the male turtle's nervousness. After 5 minutes, turn on the spray system to stimulate the male turtle to be in heat. At this time, observe in front of the camera. After 2 - 10 minutes, the male turtle may hook the tail simulation of the female turtle with the tip of its tail and turn out its genital organ. At the same time, it can be observed that the male turtle's head stretches back and forth, and its nostrils may spray water or white foam may come out, and the genital organ begins to expand. At this time, turn off the spray system and get ready for sperm collection. When the camera observes that the genital organ expands to the maximum and then begins to contract and semen flows out, enter the room as soon as possible. After the semen flows out, it may flow to the lowest point of the drainage body or fall to the lowest point of the sperm collection tank. Use a syringe to collect the semen and immediately inseminate the female turtle. Place the female turtle upside down, with the ventral carapace facing up, hold the tail, insert a syringe without a needle about 1 cm into the cloaca, push the piston to inject the semen into the cloaca, take out the syringe, pinch the female turtle's tail to close the cloaca, and keep it upside down for about five minutes. At this time, the cloaca will contract and expand, and the semen will flow into the fallopian tubes, and the artificial insemination is completed.

[0095] For ease of description, spatial relative terms, such as "above", "over", "on the upper surface", "upper", etc., may be used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of one device or feature to other devices or features as shown in the figures. It should be understood that the spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is inverted, a device described as "above" or "over" other devices or structures will then be positioned "below" or "under" the other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both the orientations of "above" and "below". The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations), and the corresponding interpretations of the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be made accordingly.

[0096] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms are also intended to include the plural forms. In addition, it should also be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0097] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the description, claims and drawings of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order different from those illustrated or described herein.

[0098] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sperm extraction device for Cuora flavomarginata, characterized in that, Comprising: A box body (1); a supporting inclined plate (2) for placing the yellow-margined box turtle is arranged inside the box body (1); the supporting inclined plate (2) includes a high end for placing the tail of the yellow-margined box turtle and a low end for placing the head of the yellow-margined box turtle; the high end is flush with the upper edge of the box body (1); A fixing mechanism; the fixing mechanism is fixedly connected with the box body (1) and is configured to fix the yellow-margined box turtle placed on the supporting inclined plate (2); A spraying system (4); the spraying system (4) includes a nozzle (43); the nozzle (43) is configured to spray the back of the yellow-margined box turtle fixed on the supporting inclined plate (2); A female turtle tail simulation part (5); the female turtle tail simulation part (5) is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the box body (1) on one side for placing the tail of the yellow-margined box turtle; the position of the female turtle tail simulation part (5) corresponds to the position of the tail of the yellow-margined box turtle fixed on the supporting inclined plate (2); A sperm receiving groove (6); the sperm receiving groove (6) is arranged below the female turtle tail simulation part (5) and is used for collecting the semen discharged by the yellow-margined box turtle; The fixing mechanism includes 4 fixing parts (3) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the box body (1); the fixing part (3) includes a fixing seat (31), a fixing rod (32), a knob (33) and a fixing plate (34); the fixing seat (31) is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the box body (1); the fixing rod (32) includes a first fixing rod piece (321) and a second fixing rod piece (322) arranged non-collinearly; one end of the first fixing rod piece (321) is hinged with the fixing seat (31), and the other end of the first fixing rod piece (321) is fixedly connected with the second fixing rod piece (322); the fixing plate (34) is fixedly arranged at the end head of the second fixing rod piece (322) far from the connection end with the first fixing rod piece (321); the knob (33) is used to fasten the first fixing rod piece (321) and the fixing seat (31); an anti-slip pad is fixedly arranged on the surface of the fixing plate (34).

2. The yellow-margined box turtle sperm extraction device according to claim 1, characterized in that The female turtle tail simulation part (5) includes a cylindrical part (51) and an inclined cone part (52); one end of the cylindrical part (51) is fixedly connected with the outer side wall of the box body (1), and the other end of the cylindrical part (51) is fixedly connected with the head end of the inclined cone part (52); the tail end of the inclined cone part (52) is higher than the highest point of the cylindrical part (51).

3. The sperm extraction device for Cuora flavomarginata as described in claim 2, characterized in that, It further includes a fluid guiding body (7) for guiding the semen discharged by the yellow-margined box turtle; the fluid guiding body (7) is fixedly connected with the lower edge of the cylindrical part (51).

4. The sperm extraction device for Cuora flavomarginata as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the supporting inclined plate (2) is an anti-slip surface.

5. The sperm extraction device for Cuora flavomarginata as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The sperm receiving groove (6) is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the box body (1); the sperm receiving groove (6) includes a groove body with a semi-cone groove structure.

6. An artificial insemination method for Cuora flavomarginata, characterized in that, Using the sperm extraction device for yellow-margined box turtles according to any one of claims 1-5 for sperm extraction, including: Selecting healthy and mature breeding turtles that have been raised in an artificial environment for more than half a year and are over 8 years old, and using the sperm extraction device for yellow-margined box turtles to extract sperm from male turtles during the estrus period; Within half an hour after sperm collection, artificial insemination is performed on female turtles using the obtained semen of male turtles.

7. The artificial insemination method of Cuora flavomarginata as described in claim 6, characterized in that Select healthy and mature breeding turtles that have been acclimated in an artificial environment for more than half a year and are over 8 years old. During the estrus period, use the sperm collection device for Cuora flavomarginata to collect sperm from male turtles, including: Select healthy and mature male turtles that have been acclimated in an artificial environment for more than half a year and are over 8 years old. Feed them normally to ensure that the male turtles have good physical strength and avoid stress. Stop feeding the male turtles three days before sperm collection, soak them in water for intestinal cleansing one day before sperm collection, and place them alone in a dark place in the sperm collection environment for rest. During sperm collection, clean the sperm collection device for Cuora flavomarginata. After the device is dry, place the male turtle to be collected on the support inclined plate so that the end of the caudal scute of the male turtle extends 1 - 2 cm beyond the edge of the support inclined plate, and fix the male turtle using the fixing mechanism. The operator leaves the sperm collection room to allow Cuora flavomarginata to adapt to the environment of the sperm collection room and reduce the tension of the male turtle. Use a nozzle to spray the back of the Cuora flavomarginata fixed on the support inclined plate to stimulate the male turtle into estrus. When the head of the male turtle stretches forward and backward, water sprays from the nostrils or white foam sprays out, and the genital organ begins to swell, turn off the spraying system and get ready for sperm collection. As soon as it is observed by the visual monitoring device that the genital organ has swollen to the maximum and then begins to contract accompanied by the outflow of semen, quickly enter the sperm collection room and collect the semen in the semen collection trough. After the genital organ of the male turtle has completely retracted, remove the male turtle to complete the sperm collection process.

8. The artificial insemination method of Cuora flavomarginata as described in claim 7, characterized in that, When using a nozzle to spray the back of the Cuora flavomarginata fixed on the support inclined plate, use pure water that is 3 degrees lower than the room temperature of the sperm collection room for spraying.

9. The artificial insemination method of Cuora flavomarginata as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Within half an hour after sperm collection, artificial insemination is performed on female turtles using the obtained semen of male turtles, including: Soak the female turtle in water for intestinal cleansing half an hour before sperm collection from the male turtle, dry the body, and disinfect the area around the cloaca using povidone iodine solution. Within half an hour after sperm collection, place the female turtle upside down with its ventral carapace facing up, hold the tail, insert a syringe without a needle containing semen into the cloaca about 1 cm, and push the piston of the syringe to inject the semen into the cloaca. Remove the syringe, pinch the tail of the female turtle to close the cloaca. Keep the female turtle upside down for about five minutes, and use the contraction and expansion of the cloaca of the female turtle to make the semen flow into the oviduct to complete artificial insemination.

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