Method and equipment for intelligently regulating and controlling transdermal absorption rate of medicine

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of medical auxiliary instruments, in particular to an intelligent regulation and control method and equipment for the transdermal absorption rate of a medicine, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, calculating the disease degree score of a patient according to the temperature data of a disease part of the patient and the temperature and humidity data of the environment where the patient is located; s2, the heating temperature is adjusted according to the disease degree score of the patient, and the percutaneous absorption rate of the medicine is dynamically adjusted by adjusting the heating temperature. According to internal data such as physiology and pathology of the patient and external data such as temperature and humidity of the environment, the disease degree of the patient is evaluated and predicted; the medicine percutaneous absorption rate is adjusted according to the disease degree of a patient; and the heating temperature is dynamically adjusted according to the transdermal absorption rate of the medicine. Therefore, the percutaneous absorption rate of the medicine is intelligently and dynamically regulated according to the disease degree change of a patient, namely the medicine dosage is regulated in real time, and the purpose of intelligent administration is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of medical auxiliary devices, and particularly to an intelligent regulation method and device for the percutaneous absorption rate of drugs. Background Art

[0002] Transdermal drug delivery is a drug delivery route that delivers drugs through the skin to achieve local or systemic therapeutic purposes. It can bypass the first-pass effect of the liver, avoid drug destruction in the gastrointestinal tract, and has the advantages of reducing blood drug concentration fluctuations, reducing toxic and side reactions, convenient medication, and good patient compliance. The key to transdermal drug delivery is to break through the barrier function of the skin to achieve effective drug absorption. To promote transdermal drug absorption, transdermal drug delivery systems have been continuously iterated and developed. The first-generation transdermal drug delivery systems rely on the properties of drugs, and only drugs with low molecular weight, lipophilicity, and low dose are suitable as candidate drugs, but the number and medication functions of candidate drugs are limited. The second-generation transdermal drug delivery systems apply penetration enhancement technologies, including physical and chemical methods such as chemical promoters and iontophoresis. These technologies enable some hydrophilic drugs to have the ability to penetrate the skin and thus be developed into transdermal drug delivery preparations; the third-generation transdermal drug delivery systems use physical methods such as microneedles, ultrasound, and microdermabrasion, enabling macromolecular drugs and even vaccines to have skin penetration ability, thus successfully developing new transdermal drug delivery products.

[0003] Gel patches are a commonly used transdermal drug delivery system at present, with various advantages, including but not limited to their stability, controlled release characteristics, and improved patient compliance. Gel patches can be designed with different release rates to meet different treatment needs, including immediate release and controlled release. However, the release rate is difficult to adjust in real time according to the patient's condition. One of the future development directions of gel patches is intelligent gel patches that can respond to changes in the internal and external environment (such as pH value, temperature) to achieve more precise drug release.

[0004] With the development of wearable health devices, there are already close-fitting fabrics for treating type II diabetes using physical therapy that generates microcurrents with pyroelectric materials, intelligent bracelets for treating hypertension using light-to-heat controlled microneedle drug release, flexible electrode patches for controlling microneedle drug release using iontophoresis, etc. These innovative treatment methods improve the management efficiency of chronic diseases through wearable devices and provide patients with a more comfortable and convenient treatment experience.

[0005] Regarding the above related method technologies, although the above transdermal drug delivery method can achieve the drug delivery effect, for chronic diseases that are difficult to cure and have repeated remission and exacerbation of the condition, the required drug dose changes with the condition. To reduce drug side effects, it is urgent to adjust the drug dosage in a timely manner according to the patient's condition. However, achieving dynamic regulation of the drug release rate control remains a challenge. The existing drug delivery devices mentioned in the above existing technologies have limited intelligence, and have disadvantages such as high power consumption and single function. Moreover, due to difficult operation, the device is difficult to be normally used in the patient's daily life, and it is difficult to achieve a comfortable and lasting treatment experience, thus reducing patient compliance. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention provides an intelligent regulation method and device for the percutaneous absorption rate of drugs, which can effectively and accurately control the drug absorption rate of the drug-loaded thermosensitive gel patch, realize intelligent regulation of the percutaneous drug release rate according to the patient's disease severity, and enable patients with chronic and relapsing diseases receiving transdermal drug delivery treatment to obtain better treatment effects.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the following technical solutions are proposed:

[0008] An intelligent regulation method for the percutaneous absorption rate of drugs, comprising the following steps:

[0009] S1. Calculate the patient's disease severity score, which is calculated based on the temperature data of the patient's disease site, the environmental temperature and humidity data;

[0010] S2. Adjust the heating temperature according to the patient's disease severity score, and dynamically adjust the percutaneous drug absorption rate by adjusting the heating temperature.

[0011] The intelligent regulation method and device for the percutaneous absorption rate of drugs disclosed by the present invention realize intelligent dynamic regulation of the percutaneous drug absorption rate, can adjust the drug release rate in real time according to the patient's physiological and pathological data and external data such as environmental temperature and humidity, thereby improving the percutaneous absorption efficiency and efficacy of drugs and meeting the personalized treatment needs.

[0012] Preferably, the temperature data of the patient's disease site is obtained by measuring the local skin temperature of the patient, the environmental temperature data is obtained by measuring the temperature of the environment where the patient is located, and the environmental humidity data is obtained by measuring the humidity of the environment where the patient is located.

[0013] Preferably, the calculation formula for the patient's disease severity score is:

[0014] S = ω1·f(T k ) + ω2·g(T e , H e )

[0015] Among them, S is the disease severity score, f(T k ) is the temperature influence factor of the disease site, g(T e ,H e ) is the environmental temperature and humidity influence factor, and ω1 and ω2 are weighting factors.

[0016] Preferably, the temperature influence factor of the disease site is used to evaluate the degree of inflammation of the patient. The calculation formula of the temperature influence factor of the disease site is:

[0017]

[0018] Among them, f(T k ) is the local temperature influence factor, T k is the temperature of the drug administration site of the patient, T ref is the normal temperature reference value, and ΔT max is the upper temperature limit of the inflammation range.

[0019] Preferably, the formula of the environmental temperature and humidity influence factor is:

[0020]

[0021] Among them, g(T e ,H e ) is the environmental influence factor, T e is the environmental temperature, H e is the environmental humidity, T opt is the reference value of the comfortable environmental temperature, and α and β are weighting factors.

[0022] Preferably, the specific steps of adjusting the heating temperature of the device according to the disease severity score of the patient include: inputting the disease severity score into a machine learning model, performing correlation analysis on the disease severity score and the corresponding heating temperature, so as to determine the optimal heating temperature corresponding to different disease severity scores. The machine learning model outputs the predicted heating temperature, and the PID algorithm is used to adjust the heating temperature according to the predicted heating temperature.

[0023] Preferably, the specific steps of adjusting the heating temperature according to the predicted heating temperature by using the PID algorithm include:

[0024] Taking the predicted heating temperature as the target set value of the PID controller;

[0025] Obtaining the current actual temperature value, comparing it with the target set value, and calculating the deviation value between the current temperature value and the target set value;

[0026] Calculating the control quantity range according to the deviation value and the parameters of the PID;

[0027] The calculated control amount is input into the heating module, and the deviation is reduced and stabilized at the target temperature by adjusting the heating power of the heating module. The target temperature is adjusted in real time according to the disease severity score;

[0028] The device continuously monitors the current actual temperature value and recalculates the control amount based on the new deviation value to adjust the drug transdermal absorption rate in real time.

[0029] On the other hand, an intelligent control device for drug transdermal absorption rate is proposed, which includes a main control system, a patient physiological and pathological detection module, an environmental temperature and humidity detection module, and a heating module;

[0030] The main control system is used to calculate the patient's disease severity score, which is calculated based on the patient's disease site temperature data, ambient temperature and humidity data;

[0031] The patient physiological and pathological detection module includes a temperature sensor, which measures the temperature of the patient's diseased part and feeds back to the main control system to control the heating module to heat and maintain a constant temperature;

[0032] The environmental temperature and humidity detection module includes an environmental temperature and humidity sensor. After measuring the temperature and humidity of the environment through the environmental temperature and humidity sensor, the temperature and humidity are fed back to the main control system to control the drug administration rate.

[0033] Preferably, the main control system further comprises a communication module and a display screen. The communication module is connected to the main control system via Bluetooth for transmitting data. The display screen is used for displaying current system operating parameters.

[0034] Preferably, the heating element is a graphene heating sheet;

[0035] The temperature sensor adopts DS18B20 temperature sensor;

[0036] The drug delivery body has a built-in disposable drug-loaded gel patch. The drug loaded in the drug delivery body can be replaced according to different symptoms, and the drug is replaced after being completely released.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the method of the present invention can evaluate and predict the severity of a patient's illness based on internal data such as the patient's physiological pathology and external data such as the temperature and humidity of the environment in which the patient is located; adjust the transdermal absorption rate of the drug according to the severity of the patient's illness; dynamically adjust the heating temperature according to the transdermal absorption rate of the drug; thereby realizing intelligent and dynamic regulation of the transdermal absorption rate of the drug according to changes in the severity of the patient's illness. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a method for intelligently controlling drug transdermal absorption rate in Example 1;

[0039] Figure 2 It is a framework diagram of an intelligent regulation device for the percutaneous absorption rate of a drug in Example 1;

[0040] Figure 3 It is a circuit diagram of an intelligent regulation device for the percutaneous absorption rate of a drug in Example 1;

[0041] Figure 4 It is a specific flowchart of an intelligent regulation method and device for the percutaneous absorption rate of a drug in Example 1;

[0042] Figure 5 It is an application diagram of an intelligent regulation device for the percutaneous absorption rate of a drug in Example 2;

[0043] Figure 6 It is a working schematic diagram of an intelligent regulation device for the percutaneous absorption rate of a drug in Example 2;

[0044] Figure 7 It is a small program interface connected to an intelligent regulation device for the percutaneous absorption rate of a drug in Example 3;

[0045] Figure 8 It is a working schematic diagram of the program in Example 3 for obtaining the temperature of the heating sheet through the main control module;

[0046] Figure 9 It is a partial program code of the device in Example 3 for reading the temperature from the main control module;

[0047] Figure 10 It is a partial program code of the Bluetooth BLE module in Example 3 for receiving data processing;

[0048] Markings in the figure: 1 - Intelligent transdermal drug delivery device body, 2 - Mobile terminal, 3 - Main control system, 4 - Heating module, 5 - Communication module, 6 - Ambient temperature and humidity module, 7 - Patient physiological and pathological detection module, 8 - Display screen, 9 - Drug-loaded gel patch, 10 - Magic tape. Specific implementation manners

[0049] The present invention will be further described in detail below in combination with test examples and specific implementation manners. However, it should not be understood that the scope of the above-mentioned subject matter of the present invention is limited to the following embodiments. All technologies implemented based on the content of the present invention belong to the scope of the present invention.

[0050] Example 1

[0051] An intelligent regulation method and device for the percutaneous absorption rate of a drug, the flowchart is as Figure 1 shown, and the method includes the following steps:

[0052] S1. Calculate the patient's disease onset severity score, which is calculated based on the temperature data of the patient's disease site, the temperature and humidity data of the environment where the patient is located;

[0053] S2. Adjust the heating temperature according to the patient's disease onset severity score, and dynamically adjust the transdermal drug absorption rate by adjusting the heating temperature.

[0054] As a specific embodiment, collect and analyze the temperature data of the patient's disease site and the temperature and humidity information of the environment where the patient is located, combine the patient's medical history and symptoms, set evaluation rules, and quantify the patient's disease onset severity:

[0055] 1. Influence of temperature data of the disease site

[0056] Temperature is one of the important parameters reflecting the pathophysiological state of the human body. Most diseases will cause changes in the thermodynamic functions of body organs and tissues. Therefore, measuring the changes in human body temperature is an important indicator for the diagnosis and differentiation of the pathophysiological state of the body in clinical practice. The change in skin temperature is closely related to the local blood flow and the changes in internal organs. When certain physiological conditions of the human body change or a certain disease is contracted, it can cause abnormalities in the skin temperature of the corresponding part of the body surface. The abnormal skin temperature in this area can indirectly reflect certain pathological conditions of the body. For example, accurate measurement of joint skin temperature can reflect the degree of joint inflammation.

[0057] Local inflammation will cause an increase in skin temperature, which is a key parameter for evaluating the disease onset severity. A temperature higher than the normal range by 2°C to 5°C is considered a sign of obvious inflammation, and the deviation from the normal temperature value can be used as a reference for the degree of inflammation.

[0058] Score according to the temperature deviation:

[0059]

[0060] Among them, T k is the temperature measured at the local skin of the patient; T ref is the normal temperature reference value; ΔT max = 5°C: the upper limit of the temperature range of the inflammation area. When T k is in the interval [T ref , T ref + ΔT max , the change in the temperature of the disease site is positively correlated with the degree of inflammation.

[0061] 2. Influence of the temperature and humidity of the environment where the patient is located

[0062] More and more studies have shown that factors such as climate cooling and heating, altitude, and air humidity all affect human health to varying degrees, and may lead to the recurrence or exacerbation of diseases in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and other diseases. The physiological functions of the human body are relatively sensitive to temperature changes. A higher environmental temperature can promote blood circulation. The human body will dissipate heat through sweating and other means. At this time, the blood vessels in the skin dilate, and the blood flow increases, which helps the drug to quickly reach the local tissue. The increase in blood flow may accelerate the rate of transdermal drug absorption. On the contrary, when the environmental temperature is too low, the blood vessels in the skin contract, the blood flow decreases, the barrier function of the skin is enhanced, and the rate of transdermal drug absorption will slow down. For example, for local inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, when the environmental temperature is low, the blood circulation in the inflamed area is poor, and the metabolism and clearance rate of inflammatory factors slow down, which may exacerbate the degree of inflammation.

[0063] Environmental humidity mainly affects the hydration of the skin. In a high-humidity environment, the water content of the stratum corneum of the skin will increase, the softness and elasticity of the skin will increase, and drug molecules will be more likely to penetrate the stratum corneum of the skin and enter the dermis, thereby improving the transdermal absorption efficiency of the drug. In a low-humidity environment, the skin is prone to dryness and desquamation, the barrier function of the stratum corneum is enhanced, and the resistance to transdermal drug absorption increases. In addition, humidity also affects the evaporation rate of sweat, which indirectly affects the skin temperature and blood circulation, and further affects the degree of disease.

[0064] As a specific embodiment, define the environmental impact factor g(T e ,H e ):

[0065]

[0066] wherein, T e is the environmental temperature (°C); H e is the environmental humidity (%); T opt is the most suitable environmental temperature; α = 0.4, β = 0.6: weighting factors, the influence of humidity is slightly greater than that of temperature. Environmental temperature and humidity have a significant impact on the degree of disease. The influence of humidity on the patient's symptoms is slightly greater than that of temperature. It is recommended that the weighting factor α be set in the range of 0.5 - 0.7, and the weighting factor β be set in the range of 0.3 - 0.5. If more appropriate weighting factor values for evaluating the degree of disease are found through subsequent data or experimental verification, appropriate adjustments can be made.

[0067] 3. Quantify the degree of disease S

[0068] As a specific embodiment, a scoring formula for directly quantifying the degree of disease based on the temperature data of the patient's disease site, the environmental temperature and humidity data. That is, by integrating the temperature of the disease site and the environmental temperature and humidity impact factor, calculate the disease degree score S:

[0069] S = ω1·f(T k ) + ω2·g(T e , H e )

[0070] Wherein, S is the disease severity score, and the range is [0, 1]; f(T k ) is the temperature influence factor of the disease site; g(T e , H e ) is the environmental temperature and humidity influence factor; ω1 = 0.7, ω2 = 0.3: weight factors. Since the slight change in local skin temperature can sensitively reflect the degree of inflammation, it is usually considered the main factor, and the weight factor ω1 is recommended to be set to 0.6 - 0.8; the influence of environmental factors is more indirect than the temperature of the disease site and the influence strength is relatively small, and the weight factor ω2 is recommended to be assigned a value of 0.2 - 0.4. If more appropriate weight factor values for evaluating the disease severity are found through subsequent data or experimental verification, appropriate adjustments can be made.

[0071] After calculating the total score S, check whether it is greater than 1. If it is greater than 1, limit it to 1, which ensures that the system outputs a reasonable disease severity score and can be used for further intelligent temperature control adjustment:

[0072] S = min(1, ω1·f(T k ) + ω2·g(T e , H e ))

[0073] Adjust the temperature of the heating module (including but not limited to graphene) according to the evaluated disease severity of the patient; dynamically adjust the transdermal drug absorption rate according to the adjusted heating temperature; dynamically adjust the graphene heating temperature according to the evaluated disease severity of the patient.

[0074] As a preferred solution of the present invention, an algorithm function of the heating output temperature of the heating module and the disease severity score is constructed, combined with a machine learning algorithm, considering the influence of environmental temperature and humidity on the patient, and adjusting the heating temperature of the heating module accordingly to achieve intelligent control of the transdermal drug absorption rate.

[0075] As a specific embodiment, collect data on environmental temperature, environmental humidity, and local skin temperature of the human body, calculate the disease severity S, and use the disease severity score S as the input feature vector x of the machine learning model. Use the machine learning model to predict the heating temperature T_heat of the heating module according to the input feature vector x:

[0076] T_heat = f(x; θ)

[0077] Wherein, f is the machine learning model, and θ is the model parameter.

[0078] The machine learning model can adopt a decision tree model, and the decision tree model can be constructed through the following steps:

[0079] (1) Calculate entropy: Calculate the entropy of the dataset D, which measures the uncertainty of the dataset,

[0080]

[0081] where pi is the probability of the i-th class sample in the dataset,

[0082] (2) Calculate information gain: For each feature a, calculate the information gain Gain(D, a), and select the feature with the largest information gain for splitting,

[0083]

[0084] where V is the number of possible values of the feature a, and D v is the data subset when the feature a takes the value v.

[0085] (3) Construct a decision tree: Use the feature with the largest information gain for splitting, and recursively apply the above steps to each subset until the maximum depth is reached.

[0086] (4) Use methods such as cross-validation to verify the model, and adjust the hyperparameters of the model (such as the maximum depth, the minimum number of samples for splitting, etc.) to improve the accuracy and generalization ability of the model.

[0087] (5) Evaluate the performance of the model through the test set to ensure that the model can accurately predict the heating temperature on new data.

[0088] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the intelligent heating temperature adjustment module adopts the PID algorithm. The PID algorithm is a classic control algorithm widely used in industrial control. It uses feedback to detect the deviation signal and controls the controlled quantity through the deviation signal. Its core idea is to achieve effective control of the system through the combination of the proportional, integral, and differential parts. Its purpose is to reduce or eliminate the deviation between the system output and the desired output. According to the output y of the machine learning model, initialize the target setpoint SP = y of the PID controller, where SP is the target setpoint, and use the PID control algorithm to adjust the heating temperature of the heating module. The core formula of the algorithm is as follows:

[0089]

[0090] where: u(t) is the control quantity, that is, the output of the controller at time t; T current is the measured current heating temperature of the heating module; K p is the proportional gain, which determines the influence of the proportional term on the output; K iThe integral time constant, which determines the influence of the integral term on the output; K d is the derivative time constant, which determines the influence of the derivative term on the output.

[0091] In the present invention, the PID algorithm can be used to precisely control the temperature of the heating module to dynamically adjust the transdermal absorption rate of the drug. By adjusting the PID parameters, the temperature of the heating module is precisely controlled, thereby affecting the drug release rate. The following are the specific application steps of the PID algorithm in this invention:

[0092] Data collection: In actual use, the disease severity score is input into the trained decision tree model, and the model will output the corresponding heating temperature. This heating temperature serves as the target set value (SP) of the PID controller. Through the PID algorithm, the actual temperature of the heating module is dynamically adjusted, thereby realizing the intelligent regulation of the transdermal absorption rate of the drug. The current temperature data T current is collected through the built-in temperature sensor and compared with the target set value SP to calculate the deviation SP - T current .

[0093] PID calculation: Based on the deviation SP - T current , combined with the PID parameters K p , K i and K d , the control variable u(t) is calculated. This control variable will determine the heating temperature of the heating module.

[0094] Temperature control: Apply the calculated control variable u(t) to the heating module to adjust its heating power to reduce the deviation and stabilize at the target temperature.

[0095] Dynamic adjustment: According to the patient's body temperature data and environmental temperature and humidity data, etc., the target temperature is dynamically adjusted to adapt to the patient's disease condition changes.

[0096] Feedback loop: The system will continuously monitor the actual temperature and recalculate the control variable based on the new deviation to form a closed-loop control system.

[0097] As the patient's disease condition changes, the disease severity score is updated in real time, and the model will dynamically adjust the heating temperature according to the new score to ensure that the drug release rate always matches the patient's disease condition. By adopting the above technical solution, the intelligent regulation of the transdermal absorption rate of the drug according to the disease condition can be realized. This method can not only improve the transdermal drug delivery treatment effect, but also reduce drug waste and patient discomfort.

[0098] On the other hand, the present invention provides an intelligent regulation device for the transdermal absorption rate of a drug, such as Figure 2As shown in the figure, it includes a main control system, a heating module, a patient physiological and pathological detection module, an environmental temperature and humidity detection module, a communication module, and the body of an intelligent transdermal drug delivery device. The main control system is connected to the body of the intelligent transdermal drug delivery device through a strap; the communication module is located within the main control system; the environmental temperature and humidity monitoring module is located in the area between the body of the intelligent transdermal drug delivery device and the heating module;

[0099] The main control system contains a microprocessor and uses the PID algorithm to achieve intelligent control of the temperature of the heating module, so as to dynamically adjust the transdermal absorption rate of the drug and can be reused;

[0100] The heating module includes a heating sheet and a temperature sensor. It is controlled by the main control system. The heating sheet heats up, and the temperature of the medication site is measured through the temperature sensor, and the main control system is fed back to control the heating sheet to maintain the expected temperature. The outside of the heating module is easy to combine with the drug-loaded gel patch and is easy to conduct heat to the drug-loaded gel patch, which is used to store drugs and deliver them through the skin;

[0101] The patient physiological and pathological detection module: integrates a variety of sensor systems including a temperature sensor, etc. for collecting patient physiological and pathological data;

[0102] The external environmental temperature and humidity detection module is used to detect the temperature and humidity of the external environment where the user is located in real time. The temperature and humidity of the environment where the patient is located are measured through an externally connected temperature and humidity sensor, and the temperature and humidity data of the environment where the user is located are collected and transmitted to the main control system;

[0103] The communication module is used to implement the Internet of Things function, transmit the data of each module to the mobile terminal, and realize the connection with the upper computer.

[0104] As a specific embodiment, as Figure 3 shown, the main control system is controlled by a main control chip. The temperature sensor in the patient physiological and pathological detection module and the temperature and humidity sensor in the environmental temperature and humidity detection module are integrated to detect and evaluate the severity of the patient's condition, so as to promote the transdermal drug absorption rate. The communication module realizes the connection with the upper computer, transmits the data of each module to the mobile terminal, enables the user to conveniently view and manage their own device usage and health data, and aims to achieve a closed loop of treatment, monitoring, and feedback through a precise temperature control system and a multi-dimensional interaction module.

[0105] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the core main control chip of the controller in the main control system is an STM32 chip.

[0106] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the communication module can be connected to the main control chip using a low-power Bluetooth module, a Wi-Fi communication module, a 5G module, etc. within the main control system.

[0107] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the temperature sensor in the heating module can be a DS18B20 temperature sensor.

[0108] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the temperature sensor in the patient physiological and pathological detection module can be a DS18B20 temperature sensor.

[0109] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the environmental temperature and humidity sensor in the environmental temperature and humidity detection module can be a DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor.

[0110] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the local skin body temperature value of the human body and the environmental temperature and humidity data can also be transmitted through the communication module and displayed on the mobile terminal.

[0111] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the drug-loaded gel patch is a disposable design. After the drug is completely released, only the gel patch needs to be replaced without replacing the entire device.

[0112] As Figure 4 shown, the working flow chart of the method is presented. In this embodiment, first, internal data such as the patient's physiological and pathological conditions and external values such as the environmental temperature and humidity are collected according to sensor technology to evaluate the patient's disease severity; secondly, the transdermal drug absorption rate is adjusted according to the evaluated patient's disease severity, that is, the graphene heating temperature is dynamically adjusted through machine learning and PID algorithms; and the communication module is connected to the host computer to transmit the sensor data to the mobile terminal, enabling the patient to conveniently view and manage the usage of the device; finally, the transdermal drug absorption rate is intelligently regulated according to the condition to achieve personalized treatment, which helps the transdermal drug delivery to better achieve the expected effect.

[0113] Example 2

[0114] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with test examples and specific embodiments. However, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of the above-mentioned subject matter of the present invention to the following embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0115] Taking rheumatoid arthritis as an example, a device for intelligently regulating the transdermal drug absorption rate is provided. As Figure 5 shown, it includes a main control system 3 and an intelligent transdermal drug delivery knee brace device body 1, and also includes a drug-loaded gel patch 9, a heating module 4, a communication module 5, an environmental temperature and humidity module 6, a patient physiological and pathological detection module 7, and a display screen 8; the main control system 3 is connected to the intelligent transdermal drug delivery knee brace device body 1 through a strap; the communication module 5, the display screen 8, and the environmental temperature and humidity module 6 are located within the main control system 3; the patient physiological and pathological detection module 7 is located within the area of the intelligent transdermal drug delivery knee brace device body 1.

[0116] Please refer to Figure 6 which shows the working schematic diagram of the present device. In this embodiment, the main control system 3 is built with a microprocessor, and the main control chip used for the controller core is the STM32F10 chip, which is durable and reusable. It incorporates a PID algorithm to achieve intelligent control of the temperature of the graphene heating module, so as to dynamically adjust the transdermal absorption rate of the drug.

[0117] Adopting the above technical solution, the heating module 4 includes a graphene heating sheet, a drug-loaded gel patch 9 and a relay, which is controlled by the main control system 3 to heat. The patient physiological and pathological detection module 7 is built with a temperature sensor. The DS18B20 temperature sensor is used to measure the local skin surface temperature of the patient in real time, collect the patient's body temperature data, and transmit the data to the main control system 3. The drug-loaded gel patch 9 is used to store the drug and deliver it through the skin.

[0118] The environmental temperature and humidity module 6 is used to detect the external environmental temperature and humidity of the user in real time. The DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor is externally connected to measure the environmental temperature and humidity of the patient, collect the environmental temperature and humidity data of the user, and transmit the data to the main control system 3.

[0119] The communication module 5 is used to implement the Internet of Things function, and transmits the data of each module to the mobile terminal 2 through the Bluetooth module.

[0120] Adopting the above technical solution, the main control system 3 is controlled by the main control chip. The temperature sensor in the patient physiological and pathological detection module 7 and the temperature and humidity sensor in the environmental temperature and humidity module 6 are used to comprehensively detect and evaluate the onset degree of the patient's rheumatoid arthritis condition, so as to promote the transdermal drug absorption rate. The communication module 5 realizes the connection with the upper computer and transmits the data of each module to the mobile terminal 2. A display screen 8 is placed on the device surface to display the current skin temperature and the environmental temperature and humidity data of the rheumatoid arthritis patient, enabling the user to conveniently view the current device status. Through the precise temperature control system and multi-dimensional interaction module, it aims to achieve a closed-loop of treatment, monitoring and feedback for rheumatoid arthritis patients.

[0121] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the main control chip of the controller core in the main control system 3 is the STM32 chip.

[0122] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the communication module 5 is connected to the main control chip by using a low-power Bluetooth module within the main control system.

[0123] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the heating material in the heating module 4 is a graphene heating sheet.

[0124] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the temperature sensor in the heating module 4 is the DS18B20 temperature sensor.

[0125] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the temperature sensor in the patient physiological and pathological detection 7 is a DS18B20 temperature sensor.

[0126] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the environmental temperature and humidity sensor in the environmental temperature and humidity module 6 is a DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor.

[0127] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the local skin body temperature value of the human body and the environmental temperature and humidity data can also be transmitted through the communication module 5 and displayed on the mobile terminal 2.

[0128] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the graphene heating sheet in the heating module 4 is connected to a relay, and the relay controls the magnitude of the voltage and current, thereby controlling the working state of the graphene heating sheet.

[0129] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the drug-loaded gel patch 9 built into the device is for single use. After the drug is completely released, only the gel patch needs to be replaced, and the entire device does not need to be replaced.

[0130] Specifically, the communication module is connected to the main control chip using a low-power Bluetooth module within the main control system 3.

[0131] Specifically, the skin temperature and environmental temperature and humidity data will be displayed on the display screen 8. The display screen 8 displays the corresponding data according to the transmission instruction and is located together with the main control system.

[0132] Specifically, the skin temperature and environmental temperature and humidity data can also be transmitted through the communication module 5 and displayed on the mobile terminal 2.

[0133] The graphene heating sheet in the heating module 4 is connected to a relay, and the relay controls the magnitude of the voltage and current, thereby controlling the working state of the graphene heating sheet.

[0134] With the above technical solution, the present invention is based on graphene heating technology, utilizes the electrothermal effect of graphene, and through the patient physiological and pathological detection module 7 and the environmental temperature and humidity module 6, measures the skin temperature data at the diseased joint of a rheumatoid arthritis patient and the environmental temperature and humidity values to evaluate the onset degree of the patient's rheumatoid arthritis, adjusts the transdermal drug absorption rate according to the evaluated onset degree of the patient; dynamically adjusts the graphene heating temperature according to the transdermal drug absorption rate; thereby achieving intelligent dynamic regulation of the transdermal drug absorption rate according to the change in the patient's current stage of onset degree, innovatively combining traditional Chinese medicine treatment with modern intelligent technology, using multi-source sensor monitoring data and graphene heating control technology to intelligently adjust the drug absorption rate of the transdermal drug delivery system; connecting to the upper computer through the communication module 5 to realize real-time transmission and analysis of data, and intelligently providing a more personalized treatment plan. Through precise temperature control, multi-dimensional interaction, intelligent regulation and personalized treatment, the transdermal absorption efficiency and curative effect of the drug are improved, and at the same time, the side effects are reduced. With the above technical solution, the operation can be simplified, the usability and intelligent level of the device can be improved, which helps to achieve better treatment effects for patients with chronic and recurrent diseases through transdermal drug delivery.

[0135] Embodiment 3

[0136] This embodiment is a specific implementation of developing an intelligent program according to a device for intelligently regulating the transdermal drug absorption rate in Embodiment 2.

[0137] Please refer to Figure 7 , in a preferred embodiment of the present application, a small program that can display the knee joint temperature, indoor and outdoor temperatures, and device status in real time is provided; the small program and the main control module are connected through Bluetooth.

[0138] Please refer to Figure 8 , which shows a working schematic diagram of this program obtaining the temperature of the heating sheet through the main control module and displaying it;

[0139] Please refer to Figure 9 , which shows a partial program code of the present invention's device reading the temperature from the DS18B20 temperature sensor and then displaying the temperature information and standard temperature on the LCD display screen;

[0140] Please refer to Figure 10 , which shows a partial program code for the BLE (Bluetooth Low Energy) module to receive and process data.

[0141] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and simplicity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described systems, devices, and units can refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be elaborated herein.

[0142] In several embodiments provided by the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the displayed or discussed coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between each other can be through some interfaces. The indirect coupling or communication connection of the devices or units can be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0143] In addition, in each embodiment of the present application, each functional unit can be integrated in a processing unit, or each unit can exist physically alone, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit. The above integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional unit.

[0144] In the embodiments, only the temperature data of the patient's joint disease site is proposed as the basis for the internal physiological and pathological conditions. In fact, in the treatment requirements, the joint swelling and pain conditions also need to be considered. The swelling condition of the joint site can be detected by a pressure sensor, and the inflammatory factors can be monitored in real time through a rapid detection device. For patients not mentioned in the embodiments, such as diabetic and hypertensive patients, parameters such as blood glucose level, blood pressure level, heart rate and body temperature need to be monitored to intelligently adjust the drug release rate.

[0145] Finally, it should be noted that: the above-described embodiments in detail are only the preferred practices of the invention, and cannot be used to limit the scope of the rights of the invention. Equivalent replacements are made to the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, and the essence of the corresponding technical solutions does not deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of each embodiment of the invention, and they should all be covered by the scope of the claims and the description of the invention.

Claims

1. A method for intelligently controlling drug transdermal absorption rate, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Calculate the patient's disease severity score, which is calculated based on the patient's disease site temperature data, ambient temperature and humidity data; S2. Adjusting the heating temperature according to the patient's disease severity score, and dynamically regulating the drug transdermal absorption rate by adjusting the heating temperature.

2. The method for intelligently controlling drug transdermal absorption rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The patient's diseased part temperature data is obtained by measuring the skin temperature of the patient's diseased part, the environmental temperature data is obtained by measuring the temperature of the patient's environment, and the environmental humidity data is obtained by measuring the humidity of the patient's environment.

3. The method for intelligently controlling drug transdermal absorption rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calculation formula for the patient's morbidity score is: S=ω1·f(T k )+ω2·g(T e ,H e ) Among them, S is the disease severity score, f(T k ) is the temperature influencing factor of the disease site, g(T e ,H e ) is the environmental temperature and humidity influencing factor, ω1 and ω2 are weight factors.

4. The method for intelligently controlling drug transdermal absorption rate according to claim 3, characterized in that: The disease site temperature impact factor is used to evaluate the patient's inflammation degree. The calculation formula of the disease site temperature impact factor is: Among them, f(T k ) is the local temperature influence factor, T k is the temperature of the patient's medication site, T ref is the normal temperature reference value, ΔT max It is the upper temperature limit of the inflammatory range.

5. The method for intelligently controlling drug transdermal absorption rate according to claim 3, characterized in that: The formula of the environmental temperature and humidity influencing factor is: Among them, g(T e ,H e ) is the environmental impact factor, T e is the ambient temperature, H e is the ambient humidity, T opt is the reference value of comfortable ambient temperature, and α and β are weighting factors.

6. The method for intelligently controlling drug transdermal absorption rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of adjusting the heating temperature of the equipment according to the patient's morbidity score include: inputting the morbidity score into a machine learning model, performing correlation analysis on the morbidity score and the corresponding heating temperature to determine the optimal heating temperature corresponding to different morbidity scores, the machine learning model outputting a predicted heating temperature, and using a PID algorithm to adjust the heating temperature according to the predicted heating temperature.

7. The method for intelligently controlling drug transdermal absorption rate according to claim 6, characterized in that: The specific steps of using the PID algorithm to adjust the heating temperature according to the predicted heating temperature include: The predicted heating temperature is used as the target setting value of the PID controller; Obtaining the current actual temperature value, comparing it with the target setting value, and calculating the deviation between the current temperature value and the target setting value; The control amount range is obtained according to the deviation value and the PID parameter calculation; The calculated control amount is input into the heating module, and the deviation is reduced and stabilized at the target temperature by adjusting the heating power of the heating module. The target temperature is adjusted in real time according to the disease severity score; The device continuously monitors the current actual temperature value and recalculates the control amount based on the new deviation value to adjust the drug transdermal absorption rate in real time.

8. An intelligent control device for drug transdermal absorption rate, characterized in that: It includes a main control system, a patient physiological and pathological detection module, an environmental temperature and humidity detection module, and a heating module; The main control system is used to calculate the patient's disease severity score, which is calculated based on the patient's disease site temperature data, ambient temperature and humidity data; The patient physiological and pathological detection module includes a temperature sensor, which measures the temperature of the patient's diseased part and feeds back to the main control system to control the heating module to heat and maintain a constant temperature; The environmental temperature and humidity detection module includes an environmental temperature and humidity sensor. After measuring the temperature and humidity of the environment through the environmental temperature and humidity sensor, the temperature and humidity are fed back to the main control system to control the drug administration rate.

9. The intelligent drug transdermal absorption rate control device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The main control system also includes a communication module and a display screen. The communication module is connected to the main control system via Bluetooth for transmitting data; the display screen is used to display the current system operating parameters.

10. The intelligent drug transdermal absorption rate control device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The heating element adopts a graphene heating sheet; The temperature sensor adopts DS18B20 temperature sensor; The drug delivery body has a built-in disposable drug-loaded gel patch. The drug loaded in the drug delivery body can be replaced according to different symptoms, and the drug is replaced after being completely released.

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