Low-surface-energy alloy material and application

Abstract

The invention relates to a low surface energy alloy material which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40-99.9 parts of Co and 0.01-20 parts of Fe, Ni, Cu, Mn or / and Cr. The content of Cr is 0.5-8 parts by weight; and the content of Mo is 0.5-8 parts by weight. During application, the thickness of the alloy layer is 0.2-500 [mu] m; and the alloy layer material is re-cladded or directly subjected to plasma spraying in a spraying manner. The low-surface-energy alloy material is applied to ocean engineering, shipbuilding, ice and snow sports and cookware.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to low surface energy alloy materials and their applications, the application of non-stick metal cookware without coatings, and in particular to an alloy layer and the application and preparation of a non-stick cookware with nano-microstructure concave holes (especially polygonal concave holes) in rice cookers and electric griddles. Background Art

[0002] Low surface energy materials refer to materials with relatively low surface energy, which usually have characteristics such as non-stick, easy to clean, and self-lubricating. The contact angle of such materials with water is greater than 120°, showing the characteristics of hydrophobicity and oleophobicity. The surface energy of low surface energy materials is relatively low mainly because the adsorption force of their surface molecules or structures on liquids is weak, making it difficult for liquids to spread on their surfaces. Existing low surface energy materials mainly include the following categories: Fluorine-containing low surface energy materials: These materials reduce the surface energy by introducing fluorine atoms into the polymer chain. For example, the surface energy of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is about 20 mN / m. Low surface energy drag reduction coatings: Mainly used for hydrophobic drag reduction and coating drag reduction, achieving drag reduction effects by reducing the shear stress of fluids on the wall surface. Antifouling coatings: Utilize the characteristics of low surface energy materials to prevent fouling substances from adhering to their surfaces, and are applicable to fields such as shipbuilding and ocean engineering.

[0003] Low surface energy materials have a wide range of applications in multiple fields: Ocean engineering: Used for docks, bridges, offshore platforms, etc., to prevent the attachment of marine organisms and reduce frictional resistance. Shipbuilding: Reduce navigation resistance, prevent the attachment of fouling substances, and improve navigation efficiency. Ice and snow sports: Used for ski boards, ice skates, etc., to reduce friction and improve sports performance.

[0004] The preparation processes of existing low surface energy materials usually include components such as fluororesin, epoxy resin, and compound curing agents. These materials have good weather resistance, lubricating properties, and environmental friendliness, and have broad market prospects. With the development of ocean engineering and the shipbuilding industry, the demand for low surface energy materials has been increasing year by year, and they have great market application prospects. However, low surface energy alloy materials have not been publicly reported yet.

[0005] CN201710462896.9 Alumina ceramic pot body and its preparation method, ceramic inlaid metal inner pot and cooking appliance, wherein a microporous structure is formed on the inner surface of the alumina ceramic pot body, and the depth of the microporous structure is less than the thickness of the alumina ceramic pot body. The ceramic inlaid metal inner pot includes a ceramic layer (1) as the inner layer, a metal layer (3) as the outer layer, and a heat conducting layer (2) located between the ceramic layer (1) and the metal layer (3), wherein a microporous structure is formed on the inner surface of the ceramic layer (1), and the depth of the microporous structure is less than the thickness of the alumina ceramic pot body. Generally, it is considered that metal shovels should be avoided during the use of the pot, and metal brushes should be avoided during cleaning.

[0006] The alloy layer is a material harmless to human health, with stable chemical properties and better temperature resistance.

[0007] The applicant has already applied for an electric griddle with the application number CN2023232150967, but the application effect is better when using the alloy layer or adding a nanostructured polygon hole non-stick pan. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In order to solve the above problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a non-stick metal pan without coating, especially a low surface energy alloy material and its application, which has a nanostructured concave hole distribution, is a non-stick pan made of a sprayable alloy prepared at low cost, and its application and preparation on various cookware.

[0009] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: a low surface energy alloy material, mainly composed of metallic cobalt and cobalt-based alloy, the composition of the alloy material, the Co content is 40-99.9 parts by weight, and the Fe, Ni, Cu, Mn or / and Cr content is 0.01-20 parts by weight.

[0010] Furthermore, the Cr content is 0.5-8 parts by weight; the Mo content is 0.5-8 parts by weight.

[0011] The Co content is 85-99.9 parts by weight, the Cr content is 0.1-15 parts by weight; the Mo content is 0.5-5 parts by weight, and the Ni is 0.5-5 parts by weight. The Ti or / and Fe content is 0.5-15 parts by weight.

[0012] Furthermore, the Ti or / and Si content is 0.5-15 parts by weight.

[0013] Furthermore, the Co content is 40-80 parts by weight, the Cr content is 7-20 parts by weight; the Mo content is within 8 parts by weight, the Ni is 1-8 parts by weight; or additionally adding Mn, or / and Ti content is 0.5-15 parts by weight. Or the Mn, Ti or / and Fe content is 0.5-15 parts by weight.

[0014] The application of the low surface energy alloy material in ocean engineering, shipbuilding, ice and snow sports and cookware; the thickness of the alloy layer prepared from the low surface energy alloy material is 0.2μm - 500μm; the surface of the object is covered with an alloy layer material by electroplating, PVD coating, direct plasma spraying or supersonic spraying. The alloy layer powder for plasma spraying or supersonic spraying is sprayed with powder having a particle size of 1-100μm, especially 3-50μm.

[0015] The application of the low surface energy alloy material in cookware, where an alloy layer with a uniform distribution is provided on the surface of the metal cookware in contact with food, and the thickness of the alloy layer is 0.2μm - 200μm. Silicon iron can also be added in an appropriate amount, with a total of 0.4-5 parts by weight.

[0016] The thickness of the alloy layer covered by PVD is 0.2 μm - 20 μm, and the thickness of the alloy layer covered by coating or directly by plasma spraying is 10 μm - 500 μm; especially 15 μm - 200 μm. The effect is better when using spraying and then remelting or directly plasma spraying the alloy layer. The sprayed alloy layer has a nano-micro structure, and powders with a particle size of 1 - 100 μm, especially 3 - 30 μm, can be used for spraying, and it is plasma spraying or supersonic spraying; especially Ar atmosphere protection can be used when plasma spraying on any workpiece surface. Applications of low surface energy alloy materials in ocean engineering, shipbuilding, ice and snow sports, and cookware.

[0017] Applications of low surface energy alloy materials in cookware, etc., including a metal pot body or other workpieces. An alloy layer is evenly distributed on the contact surface with food or non-stick surface of the metal pot body or other workpieces, and it is plasma spraying or supersonic spraying; especially inert atmosphere protection such as Ar gas can be used when plasma spraying on any workpiece surface.

[0018] The sprayed (after spray melting) alloy layer contains nano-pores, and the diameter size of the nano-pores is 100 - 1500 nanometers;

[0019] When applied to cookware: Oval or polygonal concave holes are evenly distributed on the metal pot body. The maximum size inside the oval or polygonal holes is 0.3 - 1.2 mm, and the size of the protrusions between the oval or polygonal holes is 0.1 - 0.6 mm. The alloy layer covers the evenly distributed oval or polygonal concave holes.

[0020] The metal pot body (the contact surface with food) is provided with evenly distributed oval or polygonal concave holes; the oval or polygonal holes are in a parallel array or a staggered array; the surface material of the metal pot body can be stainless steel, iron, or even titanium; composite materials are also acceptable.

[0021] The concave holes are in a parallel array or a staggered array; the size of the hole depth is 0.2 - 0.5 mm.

[0022] The pot is divided into several small areas, and each small area is distributed with one kind of oval or polygonal holes.

[0023] The total area of the said oval or polygonal holes accounts for more than 50% of the entire area.

[0024] The direction of the oval or polygonal holes in the small area is perpendicular to the direction of the adjacent oval or polygonal holes.

[0025] The stainless steel layer pot body can be compounded with an aluminum heat conduction layer. The iron pot body is also acceptable.

[0026] The longitudinal section of the oval or polygonal concave holes is wavy.

[0027] The spacing between the polygon holes is large, and the convex part of the rib has a smaller area than the concave part, which is more convenient to process. The maximum dimension between the highest convex part of adjacent polygon holes and the lowest part of the concave arc of the polygon hole does not exceed 500 microns.

[0028] Advantages: The present invention mainly uses materials of metallic cobalt and cobalt-based alloys, which have a particularly low surface energy. Low-surface-energy materials have a wide range of applications in many fields, especially on the surfaces of cookware, offshore engineering equipment, water sports facilities such as ships, and ice and snow sports equipment. The existing preparation processes of low-surface-energy materials usually include components such as fluororesin, epoxy resin, and compound curing agent. Although these organic materials have good weather resistance, lubricating properties, and environmental friendliness, with the development of offshore engineering and shipbuilding industries, the demand for low-surface-energy materials has been increasing year by year, and there is a great market application prospect. However, the operating temperature of organic materials is not high. Low-surface-energy alloy materials have a higher operating temperature, which can be above 400 °C.

[0029] When applied to cookware, by covering an alloy layer on the surface of metals such as stainless steel through plasma spraying technology, a large number of nano-particle pore arrays and nano-pores can be deposited. The setting of the pores can change the contact area between the dish and the pot body. The pores contain oil and water, reducing the heat directly transferred from the pot body to the dish and preventing the dish from sticking due to excessive temperature. The micro-nano structure of the plasma-sprayed alloy layer is superior to that of the alloy layer covered by PVD. Moreover, it has good biocompatibility and is harmless to the human body.

[0030] The polygon hole array has a better effect than the round hole. The area of the concave hole is larger than that of the round hole. The oil and water in the pot can be restricted in the concave hole and by surface tension, achieving an excellent non-stick effect on the alloy layer and reaching the effect of the existing fluorine-coated non-stick materials. There is no need to apply an anti-stick film layer or the like on the inner surface of the stainless steel metal pot body, which is the original ecology of stainless steel + spraying. Even when stir-frying at high temperature or the pot is dry-fired, the alloy layer does not stick to the pot and does not release any toxic substances or gases, which will not contaminate the cooked food and the kitchen environment, making cooking safer. During the actual use of the cookware with nano-scale pores, it will absorb air and grease, and generate hot air and oil mist during heating, while lifting the food, resulting in better use effects. It has a fluff effect achieved by the nipple structure, reducing the friction between the food and the inner surface of the pot body. Without adding a chemical coating, it achieves a non-stick effect by physical means, making it healthier for consumers to cook food. The present invention is not afraid of metal spatulas during use and can be cleaned with a metal brush during cleaning; the non-stick performance reaches grade 1 non-stick (continuously frying more than 100 eggs without sticking in the absence or presence of a small amount of grease). Especially when using plasma or supersonic spraying, the material has better use effects. These features and advantages of the present invention will be detailedly disclosed in the following specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings. Description of the Drawings

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the dense arrangement distribution of rectangular concave holes in the pot body of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution of hexagonal concave holes in the pot body of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the electron microscope photo of the cookware of the embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0034] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings: The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail, and the examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals represent the same objects throughout.

[0035] Coating metal to prepare a non-stick pan: Spraying an alloy material on the surface of stainless steel or iron by plasma spraying technology Figure 1 - Figure 2 The metal pot body can adopt a heat uniform layer (plus a composite aluminum layer), and the metal pot body is especially stainless steel or iron; This embodiment relates to the application of alloy layer pressing non-stick pans. It is better to have uniformly distributed polygonal holes 1 with the same depth, and the distribution of the polygonal holes can also be denser at the bottom of the pot than at the edge of the pot; There is a protrusion 2 between adjacent polygonal holes.

[0036] Treatment of the metal pot body, such as after a clean surface treatment, PVD requires polishing treatment, sandblasting (coarse sandblasting for surface treatment to increase the roughness of the metal surface) or directly using non-transferred plasma arc as the heat source in the plasma spraying technology after shot peening treatment and cleaning, heating the alloy powder material to a molten or semi-molten state, and atomizing and accelerating it to be sprayed onto the surface of the pretreated workpiece through a high-speed flame flow to form a firm porous structure alloy spraying coating. The alloy powder material of the alloy layer is preferably spherical powder

[0037] Preparation of the alloy material: According to the material weight ratio of each alloy component in the following embodiments, after the alloy components such as Co are melted, they are dispersed into powders under an inert gas protection atmosphere. The preparation of the alloy material usually adopts vacuum induction furnace melting, and even uses vacuum induction smelting plus vacuum consumable furnace or electroslag furnace remelting methods for production. Refer to the smelting of nickel-chromium (Ni-Cr) alloy, that is, nickel-based heat-resistant alloy.

[0038] The Co content is 85 to 99.9 parts by weight, and the contents of Cr, Cu, Ni, Mn, Ti, Si or / and Fe are 0.01 to 15 parts by weight. In the present invention, the surface layer of the pot is composed of cobalt-based metals and impurity components or alloy materials in which Cr, Ni, Cu, Mn, Ti, Si or / and Fe are mixed and combined with cobalt, especially a non-stick pot with a low surface energy cobalt and cobalt alloy material layer formed after plasma spraying on the pot body; pure cobalt is also within the scope of protection required by the present invention, referring to a cobalt content of 99% or higher. The electrolytically produced cobalt will contain Ni, Cu, Mn, Fe, C, and S, and the contents are more commonly around 0.01 - 0.04%. Cr, Ti, and Si have even lower contents.

[0039] Example 1 of alloy composition: The Co content is 40 parts by weight, the Cr content is 20 parts by weight; the Mo content is 5 parts by weight, and the Ni content is 1 part by weight; when plasma spraying on the pot body, an Ar gas and hydrogen atmosphere with a volume ratio of 1:1 can be used for protection. The non-stick performance basically reaches grade 1 non-stick.

[0040] Example 2 of alloy composition: The Co content is 50 parts by weight, the Cr content is 18 parts by weight; the Mo content is 5 parts by weight, and the Ni content is 5 parts by weight; Composition of the alloy layer material: When plasma spraying on the pot body, an Ar gas atmosphere is used for protection.

[0041] Example 3 of alloy composition: The Co content is 58 parts by weight, the Cr content is 18 parts by weight; the Mo content is 5 parts by weight, and the Ni content is 5 parts by weight; Composition of the alloy layer material: When plasma spraying on the pot body, Ar gas is used for protection.

[0042] Example 4 of alloy composition: The Co content is 62 parts by weight, the Cr content is 20 parts by weight; the Mo content is 3 parts by weight, and the Ni content is 1 part by weight; When plasma spraying on the pot body, an Ar gas and hydrogen atmosphere are used for protection.

[0043] Example 5 of alloy composition: The Co content is 69 parts by weight, the Cr content is 20 parts by weight; the Mo content is 2 parts by weight, and the Ni content is 3 parts by weight; When plasma spraying on the pot body, Ar gas is used for protection.

[0044] Example 6 of alloy composition: The Co content is 75 parts by weight, the Cr content is 17 parts by weight; the Mo content is 3 parts by weight, and the Ni content is 3 parts by weight; When plasma spraying on the pot body, carbon dioxide is used for protection.

[0045] Example 7 of alloy composition: The Co content is 80 parts by weight, the Cr content is 14 parts by weight; the Mo content is 2 parts by weight, and the Ni content is 2 parts by weight; When plasma spraying on the pot body, carbon dioxide is used for protection.

[0046] Example 8 of alloy composition: The Co content is 85 parts by weight, the Cr content is 8 parts by weight; the Mo content is 2 parts by weight, and the Ni content is 4 parts by weight; Ar gas and hydrogen gas are used for atmosphere protection during plasma or supersonic spraying on the pot body.

[0047] Example 9 of alloy composition: The Co content is 90 parts by weight, the Cr content is 7 parts by weight; the Mo content is 0.2 parts by weight, and the Ni content is 1 part by weight. Carbon dioxide is used for protection during plasma or supersonic spraying on the pot body.

[0048] Example 10 of alloy composition: The Co content is 95 parts by weight, the Cr content is 3 parts by weight; the Mo content is 0.2 parts by weight, and the Ni content is 1 part by weight. Carbon dioxide is used for protection during plasma supersonic or supersonic spraying on the pot body.

[0049] Example 11 of cobalt (base) and alloy composition: The Co content is 99.9 parts by weight, and the contents of Fe, Ni, Cu, Mn or / and Cr are 0.01 - 0.1 parts by weight, which are the inherent impurities of electrolytic cobalt.

[0050] Based on electrolytic cobalt, by adding a small amount to control the Cr and Mo contents to be both 0.1 - 0.5 parts by weight, the Ni content can be further increased by 0.1 - 0.5 parts by weight; Ar gas and hydrogen gas with a volume ratio of 1:1 are used for atmosphere protection during plasma or supersonic spraying on the pot body. The alloy with the above composition is used for the preparation of non-stick pans and has a 100% non-stick effect, basically reaching the non-stick level of Teflon pans.

[0051] Example 12 of alloy composition: The Co content is 95 parts by weight, the Cr content is 1 part by weight; the Mo content is 3 parts by weight, and the Ni content is 1 part by weight, which constitutes the composition of the alloy layer material. Ar gas is used for atmosphere protection during plasma or supersonic spraying on the pot body. The non-stick effect is 95%. The contents of at least two of Mn, Ni and Fe are 0.5 parts by weight.

[0052] Example 13 of alloy composition: The Co content is 93 parts by weight, and the Ni, Mn, Cr or Fe content is 5 parts by weight each; Composition of the alloy layer material: Ar gas is used for protection during plasma spraying on the pot body. The non-stick effect is 93%.

[0053] Example 14 of alloy composition: The Co content is 90 parts by weight, and the Ni, Mn, Cr or Fe content is 5 parts by weight each; Composition of the alloy layer material: Ar gas is used for protection during plasma spraying on the pot body. The non-stick effect is 90%.

[0054] Example 15 of alloy composition: The Co content is 89 parts by weight, and the contents of Cr, Ni, Mo, Mn, Ti or Fe are 2 parts by weight; Ar gas is used for protection during plasma spraying on the pot body. The non-stick effect is 85%.

[0055] Alloy composition, Example 16: The Co content is 85 parts by weight, and the contents of two to three of Cr, Ni, Mo, Mn, Ti or Fe are 4 parts by weight; carbon dioxide is used for protection during plasma spraying on the pot body. The non-stick effect is 80%.

[0056] Alloy composition, Example 17: The Co content is 98 parts by weight, and the contents of two to three of Cr, Ni, Mn, Ti and Fe are 5 parts by weight; the Cr content is 14 parts by weight; the Mo content is 8 parts by weight, and the Ni content is 2 parts by weight; carbon dioxide is used for protection during plasma spraying on the pot body. The non-stick effect is 95%.

[0057] Alloy composition, Example 18: The Co content is 96 parts by weight, the Cr content is 8 parts by weight; the Fe content is 4 parts by weight; Ar gas and hydrogen atmosphere are used for protection during plasma spraying on the pot body. The non-stick effect is 93%.

[0058] Alloy composition, Example 19: The Co content is 93 parts by weight, the Cr content is 12 parts by weight; the Mo content is 6 parts by weight, and the Ni content is 8 parts by weight. Carbon dioxide is used for protection during plasma spraying on the pot body. The non-stick effect is 93%.

[0059] Alloy composition, Example 20: The Co content is 85 parts by weight, the Cr content is 15 parts by weight; the Mo content is 6 parts by weight, and the Ni content is 1 part by weight; carbon dioxide is used for protection during plasma spraying on the pot body. The non-stick effect is 70%.

[0060] In Alloy composition, Examples 11 - 15: Silicon or titanium is additionally added, each being 0.4 or 1 part by weight; a similar non-stick effect is achieved;

[0061] In Alloy composition, Examples 16 - 20: Silicon and titanium are added, with a total of 0.8 or 2 parts by weight. The effect after addition is better. The total of silicon and iron is 1 part by weight or 2.5 parts by weight (the two are basically the same).

[0062] The plasma spraying technology uses a rigid non-transferred plasma arc as the heat source to heat the alloy powder material to a molten or semi-molten state, and atomizes and accelerates it through a high-speed flame jet and sprays it onto the surface of the pretreated workpiece to form a firm spraying coating. The coating has high thermal conductivity and can accumulate a large number of nano-particles with a dispersed distribution. This composite structure can adjust the coating and enhance the anti-vibration performance and thermal shock resistance of the coating.

[0063] During plasma spraying on the pot body, an atmosphere protection is adopted with gases such as Ar, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen. The plasma spraying technology uses a rigid non-transferred plasma arc as the heat source to heat the alloy powder material to the molten or semi-molten state, and atomizes and accelerates it through a high-speed flame jet and sprays it onto the surface of the pretreated workpiece to form a firm spraying coating. The coating has high thermal conductivity and can accumulate a large number of nano-particles with a dispersed distribution. This composite structure can adjust the coating and enhance the anti-vibration performance and thermal shock resistance of the coating. Powder with a particle size of 1 - 30μm, especially 3 - 30μm, is used for plasma spraying; supersonic spraying and other methods can also be adopted: fuel (gaseous / liquid) is mixed with high-pressure oxygen in the combustion chamber for combustion to generate a supersonic flame jet (with a speed of 300 - 1000m / s), and the powder particles impact the workpiece at a high speed in the molten / semi-molten state, and the flame temperature is 2500 - 3000℃ or higher.

[0064] PVD cobalt-based alloy film deposition (Physical Vapor Deposition) converts solid / liquid materials into gas phase through physical methods (evaporation, sputtering, or ionization) in a vacuum environment and deposits it on the surface of the substrate to form a micron-scale film.

[0065] PVD uses vacuum evaporation coating: heating the target for evaporation deposition; or vacuum sputtering coating, such as magnetron sputtering: ions bombard the target to sputter particles, with high coating density and adhesion; or vacuum ion coating (the mainstream technology is multi-arc ion plating): the target is ionized by arc discharge, with the best bonding force and hardness, mechanical properties: the film layer has high hardness and strong wear resistance (the friction coefficient is as low as 0.2), chemical stability: corrosion resistance is better than traditional electroplating, without heavy metal pollution, and the thickness can be only 0.3 - 1μm; the coating coverage can also be in the form of electroplating.

[0066] PVD uses vacuum evaporation coating or vacuum sputtering coating. Alloy targets are prepared according to the following examples. By heating the target to make it evaporate, the vapor condenses into a film on the surface of the substrate, including methods such as electron beam evaporation, resistance evaporation, arc evaporation, laser evaporation, etc., or by using high-energy particles to bombard the target to sputter the target atoms and deposit them on the surface of the workpiece, using DC sputtering, RF sputtering, magnetron sputtering, etc.; the film layer thickness of the PVD coating technology: the thickness of most PVD coatings is controlled between 0.1 and 15 microns, and it can also be between 15 - 20 microns. The more common industrial standard range is 0.3 - 5 microns.

[0067] Although the PVD coating can be as thin as 0.2 - 2 microns, and some decorative coatings can be as thin as 0.3 - 1 micron, the anti-sticking function will be a bit worse.

[0068] The non-stick alloy layer with nano-microstructured polygonal holes includes a metal pot body, and evenly distributed polygonal holes are provided on the surface of the metal pot body that contacts food; it includes an outer stainless steel layer, and the surface of the stainless steel layer is provided with polygonal holes in a parallel array or a radiation-type (radiation) array. In particular, the pot is divided into several small areas, and the polygonal holes in each small area are in a parallel line array. The area of each small area can be 20-100 square centimeters; if not divided into small areas, it can also be a concentric circle structure of polygonal holes, and a radiation-type (radiation) polygonal hole is also possible.

[0069] The longitudinal section of the polygonal hole is wavy; the maximum size inside the elliptical or polygonal hole can be 0.3-1.2 mm, the size of the spacing between the polygonal holes (the width of the ribs between the polygonal holes) is 0.1-0.6 mm, and 0.3-0.5 mm is better; the depth of the polygonal hole is 0.2-0.5 mm, especially 0.3-0.4 mm.

[0070] The spacing between the polygonal holes is large, and the convex part of the rib is smaller in area than the concave part, which is also more convenient for processing.

[0071] In a further solution, the rib width of the polygonal hole can be 300, 400, or 500 microns. The polygonal hole is prepared by pressing with a die made of cemented carbide through a pressure device, and a hardened layer structure is obtained for both the polygonal hole and the pot body; a die with evenly distributed convex ribs made of cemented carbide is used, and when pressed on the pot body plate, it becomes an even distribution of polygonal holes on the pot body.

[0072] The total area of the polygonal holes accounts for a relatively large proportion of the entire area, generally greater than 50%. This can ensure both the physical non-stick performance of the entire non-stick pot and the service life of the pot.

[0073] 304 stainless steel is used for the surface of the pot body that contacts food, and steel-aluminum composite or steel-aluminum-steel composite (referred to as three-layer steel, of course, the purpose is to reduce weight and make the temperature conduction more uniform). 316 stainless steel is better, and an iron pot can also be used.

[0074] Furthermore, the upper convex arc of the wave shape (the convex rib between adjacent polygonal holes, that is, the polygonal frame) is narrower than the lower concave arc (the polygonal hole itself); that is, the area of the polygonal frame is smaller than the area of the polygonal concave hole.

[0075] One of the cores of this application is that the area (the convex part) for holding food accounts for only 30 - 50% of the total pot body (the bottom of the pot); especially 30 - 45%; it has excellent non-stick performance. After the pot is ion-sprayed, the surface can be further processed by sanding (grinding), polishing, etc. to reduce the roughness of the inner surface of the pot and the friction between the food and the inner surface of the pot, making the turning of the spatula smoother when stir-frying dishes, and the non-stick effect basically reaches the level of the application of the new PTFE Teflon coating. Especially, the manufacturing cost is low, which is only half of that of other functional non-stick pans.

[0076] For the plasma and supersonic spraying of the present invention, it must be finished on the sanded (ground) and polished surface of the alloy layer.

[0077] The pot body plate is in the shape of a concave pot, and the concave pot shape is formed by pressing a flat plate with a hydraulic press equipment. A pot handle will be connected to the pot body. The back of the stainless steel is compounded with an aluminum layer. When using a composite material pot body, the thickness of the stainless steel is about 0.5 - 1 mm, and the aluminum layer is about 1.5 mm; the method of pressing or explosive compounding of stainless steel or titanium material with an aluminum plate can be adopted.

[0078] Preparation of polygon holes: An alloy mold with uniform polygon hole protrusions is used, and polygon holes are formed on the stainless steel pot surface by pressing with the mold and the press. The polygon hole mold can also be prepared by electrochemical methods, etc.

[0079] Polygon hole arrays such as triangular, rectangular, square, pentagonal, hexagonal, octagonal holes and nano-holes can be prepared by plate-making corrosion methods or mold engraving methods. For nano-holes, especially by pressing abrasives (dry materials or slurries), the size of the abrasives is 30 - 300 nm (500 nm is also acceptable), and the nitriding of the pot surface is better.

[0080] This application can be used not only for various cooking pots, but also for electric griddles and rice cookers.

[0081] Application of the electric griddle: An electric griddle with a non-stick layer of alloy layer nano-micro structure polygon holes, including upper and lower heating plate pot body surfaces and heating components. The heating components are arranged inside the upper or / and lower heating plate pot body surfaces. The upper and lower heating plates are respectively installed on the upper cover and the base; the structure of the pot body surface is that the lower surface of the upper heating plate and the upper surface of the lower heating plate have uniformly distributed protrusions. The upper and lower heating plate surfaces use stainless steel or a composite metal material with aluminum as the surfaces of the upper and lower heating plates. The part of the pot surface in contact with the food is the non-stick pan (layer) of the alloy layer nano-micro structure polygon holes.

[0082] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low surface energy alloy material, characterized in that: The alloy material composition comprises: a Co content of 40 to 99.9 parts by weight; and a Fe, Ni, Cu, Mn and / or Cr content of 0.01 to 20 parts by weight.

2. The low surface energy alloy material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Cr content is 0.5 to 8 parts by weight; the Mo content is 0.5 to 8 parts by weight.

3. The low surface energy alloy material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Co content is 85 to 99.9 parts by weight, the Cr content is 0.1 to 15 parts by weight, the Mo content is 0.5 to 5 parts by weight, and the Ni content is 0.5 to 5 parts by weight.

4. The low surface energy alloy material according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The content of Ti and / or Si added is 0.5 to 15 parts by weight.

5. The low surface energy alloy material according to claim 2, characterized in that: The Co content is 40 to 80 parts by weight, the Cr content is 7 to 20 parts by weight, the Mo content is within 8 parts by weight, the Ni content is 1 to 8 parts by weight, or the Mn and Ti content is 0.5 to 15 parts by weight.

6. The use of the low surface energy alloy material according to claim 1, 2 or 4, characterized in that: Application of low surface energy alloy materials in marine engineering, shipbuilding, ice and snow sports and cookware; the thickness of the alloy layer is 0.2μm-500μm; The surface of the object is coated with an alloy layer by electroplating, PVD, direct plasma spraying or supersonic spraying.

7. The use of the low surface energy alloy material according to claim 6, characterized in that: Plasma spraying or supersonic spraying of alloy layer powder is adopted, and powder with a particle size of 1-100 μm, especially 3-50 μm, is adopted for spraying.

8. The use of the low surface energy alloy material according to claim 6, characterized in that: The low surface energy alloy material is used in the cookware. An evenly distributed alloy layer is provided on the metal pot body which contacts the food. The thickness of the alloy layer is 0.2μm-200μm.

9. The use of the low surface energy alloy material according to claim 6 or 8, characterized in that: The thickness of the alloy layer on the pot body is 0.2μm-20μm when PVD is used for covering, and the thickness of the alloy layer on the pot body is 10μm-500μm when coating or direct plasma spraying is used, especially 15μm-200μm.

10. The use of the low surface energy alloy material according to claim 8, characterized in that: PVD is vacuum evaporation coating: heating the target material for evaporation deposition; vacuum sputtering coating, ion bombardment of the target material to sputter particles or vacuum ion coating.

11. The alloy layer nano-microstructure concave hole non-stick pan according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The metal pot body is provided with uniformly distributed elliptical or polygonal concave holes, the maximum size of the elliptical or polygonal holes is 0.3-1.2 mm, the size of the protrusions between the elliptical or polygonal holes is 0.1-0.6 mm, and the uniformly distributed elliptical or polygonal concave holes are covered with an alloy layer; the elliptical or polygonal concave holes are in a parallel array or a staggered array; the hole depth is 0.2-0.5 mm.

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