High-precision automatic rail aligning device and working method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-precision automatic rail aligning device and a working method thereof, and relates to the technical field of rail aligning before steel rail welding in railway maintenance, the high-precision automatic rail aligning device comprises a plurality of sleepers, two steel rails are placed on the sleepers, and the position and space attitude measurement of the two steel rails is achieved through a measuring mechanism. The steel rail position and the space posture are adjusted through the adjusting mechanism; the adjusting mechanism comprises an adjusting frame, a reciprocating moving frame is arranged on the adjusting frame, a Y-shaped frame is fixedly installed on the moving frame, and a mechanical clamp moving up and down is arranged on the Y-shaped frame; the measuring mechanism comprises two measuring bases which are in butt joint, and one measuring base is provided with five displacement sensors in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction. The measuring mechanism measures and calculates the position and posture difference between the two steel rails, measured data are transmitted to the adjusting mechanism, the adjusting mechanism adjusts the positions and the space postures of the steel rails, automatic rail alignment is achieved, and the precision is higher.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of rail alignment, and particularly relates to a high-precision automatic rail aligner and its working method. Background Art

[0002] In railway maintenance, rail welding is an important task. When welding rails, it is necessary to ensure that the end faces of two rails are flush, so it is necessary to align the rail ends before rail welding. Currently, there are mainly two existing rail alignment methods: manual alignment and alignment correction by the device on a large rail welding vehicle. The former is time-consuming and laborious with large errors, and some tools do not meet the technical specifications. The latter has a large equipment volume, which not only occupies space but also limits its operation flexibility in some narrow or complex environments, lacking economy and convenience. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-precision automatic rail aligner and its working method to solve the following technical problems: manual alignment and alignment correction by the device on a large rail welding vehicle. The former is time-consuming and laborious with large errors, and some tools do not meet the technical specifications. The latter has a large equipment volume, which not only occupies space but also limits its operation flexibility in some narrow or complex environments, lacking economy and convenience.

[0004] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0005] A high-precision automatic rail aligner includes a plurality of sleepers. Two rails are placed on the plurality of sleepers. The position and spatial attitude of the rails are measured through a measuring mechanism between the two rails, and the position and spatial attitude of the rails are adjusted through an adjusting mechanism.

[0006] The adjusting mechanism includes an adjusting frame. A moving frame that reciprocates is arranged on the adjusting frame. A Y-shaped frame is fixedly installed on the moving frame, and a mechanical clamp that moves up and down is arranged on the Y-shaped frame.

[0007] The measuring mechanism includes two butt-jointed measuring seats. At least five displacement sensors in the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis axial plane directions are arranged on one of the measuring seats.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention: A first turbine housing is fixedly installed on one side of the adjusting frame. A first servo motor is fixedly installed on one side of the first turbine housing. The first servo motor drives a lead screw to rotate through a turbine and a worm. A first threaded sleeve is sleeved on the lead screw. An insertion joint is fixedly installed at the end of the first threaded sleeve. The insertion joint cooperates with the insertion socket on the moving frame. When the lead screw rotates, it drives the first threaded sleeve to move, thereby driving the moving frame to move horizontally.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention: The moving frame is slidably connected to the sliding rails provided on both sides of the inner wall of the adjustment frame.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: A second turbine housing is provided on the Y-shaped frame. A second servo motor is fixedly installed on one side of the second turbine housing. The second servo motor drives the second lead screw to rotate through a turbine and a worm. A second thread sleeve is threadedly connected to the outside of the second lead screw. A triangular plate is fixedly installed on the outside of the second thread sleeve. Pulleys are provided on both sides of the triangular plate. The pulleys are slidably connected to the sliding columns provided on the inner wall of the moving frame.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention: A rotating disk is rotatably connected inside the triangular plate. Two arc-shaped pin shafts are provided on the rotating disk. The mechanical clamps are connected through the pin shafts in the pin shaft grooves. The upper ends of the mechanical clamps are connected to the triangular plate through guide wheels.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: A bottom surface support part is provided on the inner wall of the mechanical clamp.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: A top block is provided at the center of the bottom of the triangular plate. The top block is located between the two mechanical clamps.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: Three balance bolts are provided at the bottom of the adjustment frame. A spirit level is provided on the adjustment frame.

[0015] As a further solution of the present invention: A plurality of support rollers are installed inside both of the measuring seats. The adjacent surfaces of the two measuring seats are closed, and the separated surfaces are provided with openings for mating with the rail.

[0016] As a further solution of the present invention: A working method of a high-precision automatic rail aligner includes the following steps:

[0017] Step 1: First, insert the two rails into the two measuring seats respectively, then fix the two adjustment mechanisms on the sleeper through the balance bolts, and level them through the spirit level;

[0018] Step 2: Measure the positions of the two rails through the 5 displacement sensors in the X, Y axial, and Z axial plane directions on the measuring mechanism. By measuring the position and spatial attitude differences of the two rails, then start the adjustment mechanism to adjust their positions;

[0019] Step 3: First, rotate the rotating disk to drive the mechanical clamp to hold the rail; then start the first servo motor. The worm and worm gear drive the lead screw to rotate, and then drive the first threaded sleeve to move horizontally, pushing the moving frame and the Y-shaped frame to move horizontally as a whole; and start the second servo motor. The worm and worm gear drive the second lead screw to rotate, and then drive the second threaded sleeve to move up and down, and then drive the triangular plate and the mechanical clamp to move up and down as a whole to adjust the height of the rail until it meets the requirements.

[0020] Advantages of the present invention:

[0021] The present invention measures the position difference between two rails through a measuring mechanism and transmits the measured data to an adjusting mechanism. The adjusting mechanism adjusts the position and spatial attitude of the rails to achieve automatic rail alignment with higher precision.

[0022] Through the setting of sensors, the present invention realizes the measurement of the overall spatial attitude of the rail. The present invention uses 3 sensors on the surface to measure whether they are parallel to ensure axial parallelism, and then 2 side sensors to measure the position difference, and then transmits the signal to the controller. The controller controls the adjusting mechanism to achieve automatic position adjustment. Description of the drawings

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings.

[0024] Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the partial structural schematic diagram of

[0026] Figure 3 is the overall structural schematic diagram of the adjusting mechanism of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 is the top view structural schematic diagram of the adjusting mechanism of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 is the internal structural schematic diagram of the adjusting mechanism of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 is the front view structural schematic diagram of the triangular plate of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 is the front view structural schematic diagram of the rotating disk of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 is the overall structural schematic diagram of the measuring mechanism of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 9 is another overall structural schematic diagram of the measuring mechanism of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the coordinate structure for rail measurement of the present invention.

[0034] In the figure: 1, sleeper; 2, rail; 3, adjustment mechanism; 4, measurement mechanism; 31, adjustment frame; 32, first servo motor; 33, first turbine housing; 34, lead screw; 35, balance bolt; 36, level gauge; 37, controller; 38, second servo motor; 39, second turbine housing; 310, first thread sleeve; 311, plug connector; 312, socket; 313, moving frame; 314, slide rail; 315, connecting rod; 316, Y-shaped frame; 317, mechanical clamp; 318, bottom support part; 319, top block; 320, triangular plate; 321, second thread sleeve; 322, second lead screw; 323, rotating disk; 324, sliding column; 325, pulley; 326, guide wheel; 327, pin shaft groove; 328, knob; 41, first measurement seat; 42, second measurement seat; 43, support roller; 44, X-axis displacement sensor; 45, Y-axis displacement sensor; 46, Z-axis displacement sensor. Specific embodiments

[0035] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] Embodiment 1

[0037] Please refer to Figures 1-9 As shown, the present invention is a high-precision automatic rail aligner, including a plurality of sleepers 1. Two rails 2 are placed on the plurality of sleepers 1. The position and spatial attitude of the rails 2 are measured through the measurement mechanism 4 between the two rails 2, and the position and spatial attitude of the rails 2 are adjusted through the adjustment mechanism 3.

[0038] The adjustment mechanism 3 includes an adjustment frame 31. A reciprocating moving frame 313 is arranged on the adjustment frame 31. A Y-shaped frame 316 is fixedly installed on the moving frame 313. A mechanical clamp 317 that moves up and down is arranged on the Y-shaped frame 316. A controller 37 is installed on the adjustment frame 31 for power supply and motor drive.

[0039] The measuring mechanism 4 includes two butted measuring seats, and five displacement sensors in the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis plane directions are arranged on one of the measuring seats. Three sensors on the plane are used to measure parallelism to ensure axial parallelism, and then two side sensors are used to measure the position difference, and then the signals are transmitted to the controller, which controls the adjustment mechanism to achieve automatic position adjustment.

[0040] The measurement of the track in this solution involves five degrees of freedom in space (excluding rotation). Therefore, five sensors are required for measurement and are arranged in a certain way, specifically as Figure 9 shown.

[0041] One side of the adjustment frame 31 is fixedly installed with a first turbine housing 33. One side of the first turbine housing 33 is fixedly installed with a first servo motor 32. The first servo motor 32 drives the lead screw 34 to rotate through a turbine and a worm. The lead screw 34 passes through the center of the turbine and is fixedly connected to the turbine. A first thread sleeve 310 is sleeved on the lead screw 34. The end of the first thread sleeve 310 is fixedly installed with a plug connector 311. The plug connector 311 cooperates with a socket 312 on the moving frame 313. The plug connector 311 is inserted into the socket 312 and fixed by a rivet. In this solution, the rotation limit of the first thread sleeve 310 is achieved through the cooperation of the plug connector 311 and the socket 312, facilitating its horizontal movement.

[0042] The moving frame 313 is slidably connected to slide rails 314 provided on both sides of the inner wall of the adjustment frame 31 to ensure the stability of its sliding, and the two moving frames 313 are connected by a connecting rod 315 to facilitate synchronous drive.

[0043] Start the first servo motor 32, drive the lead screw 34 to rotate through a turbine and a worm. When the lead screw 34 rotates, it drives the first thread sleeve 310 to move, thereby driving the moving frame 313 to move horizontally, realizing the horizontal movement of the rail.

[0044] A second turbine housing 39 is provided on the Y-shaped frame 316. One side of the second turbine housing 39 is fixedly installed with a second servo motor 38. The second servo motor 38 drives the second lead screw 322 to rotate through a turbine and a worm. The second lead screw 322 passes through the turbine and is fixedly connected to the turbine. The turbine drives the second lead screw 322 to rotate. A second thread sleeve 321 is threadedly connected to the outside of the second lead screw 322. A triangular plate 320 is fixedly installed on the outside of the second thread sleeve 321. Pulley 325 is provided on both sides of the triangular plate 320. The pulley 325 is slidably connected to a sliding column 324 provided on the inner wall of the moving frame 313. Through the arrangement of the pulley 325 and the sliding column 324, the rotation of the second thread sleeve 321 is limited to realize its lifting movement.

[0045] A rotating disk 323 is rotatably connected inside the triangular plate 320. A knob 328 is fixedly installed at the center of the rotating disk 323. By driving the knob 328 to rotate with a wrench, the rotating disk 323 is driven to rotate. Two arc-shaped pin shafts grooves 327 are formed on the rotating disk 323. The pin shafts grooves 327 are connected to the mechanical clamp 317 through pin shafts. The upper end of the mechanical clamp 317 is connected to the triangular plate 320 through a guide wheel 326. By driving the knob 328 to rotate with a wrench, the rotating disk 323 is driven to rotate. Under the cooperation of the pin shafts grooves 327 and the pin shafts, the mechanical clamp 317 is driven to rotate, and then the rail is clamped.

[0046] A bottom surface supporting part 318 is arranged on the inner wall of the mechanical clamp 317. A top block 319 is arranged at the center of the bottom of the triangular plate 320. The top block 319 is located between the two mechanical clamps 317. Through the arrangement of the supporting part 318 and the top block 319, the rail is clamped more tightly.

[0047] Three balance bolts 35 are arranged at the bottom of the adjusting frame 31. A spirit level 36 is arranged on the adjusting frame 31. Through the arrangement of the three balance bolts 35, it is convenient to horizontally place the adjusting frame 31 on the sleeper 1.

[0048] The measuring mechanism 4 includes a first measuring seat 41 and a second measuring seat 42. A plurality of supporting rollers 43 are installed inside both the first measuring seat 41 and the second measuring seat 42. The adjacent side of the first measuring seat 41 and the second measuring seat 42 is closed, and the separated side is provided with an opening for cooperating with the rail 2; an X-axis displacement sensor 44; a Y-axis displacement sensor 45; and a Z-axis surface displacement sensor 46 are arranged on the first measuring seat 41. Through the arrangement of the measuring mechanism 4, it is used to align the two rails 2. Refer to Figure 10 As shown, the Z-axis is perpendicular to the rail cross-section.

[0049] The measuring mechanism 4 transmits the measured signal to the controller 37, and then the controller 37 starts the servo motor to work to realize the adjustment of the position; the whole process is an automatic adjustment process.

[0050] Embodiment 2

[0051] Please refer to Figures 1-9 As shown, a working method of a high-precision automatic rail aligner includes the following steps:

[0052] Step 1: First, insert the two measuring seats into the end faces of the two rails 2 respectively, fix them from the bottom of the rails 2 with 2 supporting rollers 43 respectively, then fix the two adjusting mechanisms 3 on the sleeper 1 through the balance bolts 35, and level them through the spirit level 36;

[0053] Step 2: Measure the positions and spatial postures of the two steel rails 2 through two displacement sensors on the X and Y axes and three displacement sensors on the Z-axis plane of the measuring mechanism 4. Calculate the differences in the positions and spatial postures of the two steel rails 2 through measurement, and then start the adjustment mechanism 3 to adjust their positions;

[0054] Step 3: First, rotate the rotating disk 323 to drive the mechanical clamp 317 to clamp the steel rail 2; then start the first servo motor 32 to drive the lead screw 34 to rotate through the worm and worm gear, and then drive the first threaded sleeve 310 to move horizontally, pushing the moving frame 313 and the Y-shaped frame 316 to move horizontally as a whole; and start the second servo motor 38 to drive the second lead screw 322 to rotate through the worm and worm gear, and then drive the second threaded sleeve 321 to move up and down, and then drive the overall height of the triangular plate 320 and the mechanical clamp 317 to adjust the height of the steel rail 2 until it meets the requirements.

[0055] The above has described an embodiment of the present invention in detail, but the content described is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention and cannot be considered as limiting the scope of implementation of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made according to the scope of the application of the present invention should still fall within the scope covered by the patent of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-precision automatic rail alignment device, comprising a plurality of sleepers (1), on which two rails (2) are placed, characterized in that: The position and spatial posture of the steel rails (2) are measured between the two steel rails (2) by means of a measuring mechanism (4), and the position and spatial posture of the steel rails (2) are adjusted by means of an adjusting mechanism (3); The adjustment mechanism (3) comprises an adjustment frame (31), a reciprocating movable frame (313) is arranged on the adjustment frame (31), a Y-shaped frame (316) is fixedly mounted on the movable frame (313), and a mechanical clamp (317) that moves up and down is arranged on the Y-shaped frame (316); The measuring mechanism (4) comprises two butted measuring seats, one of which is provided with at least five displacement sensors in the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis plane directions.

2. A high-precision automatic rail alignment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first turbine housing (33) is fixedly mounted on one side of the adjustment frame (31), a first servo motor (32) is fixedly mounted on one side of the first turbine housing (33), the first servo motor (32) drives a lead screw (34) to rotate via a turbine and a worm, a first threaded sleeve (310) is sleeved on the lead screw (34), a plug connector (311) is fixedly mounted on the end of the first threaded sleeve (310), the plug connector (311) cooperates with a plug socket (312) on the movable frame (313), when the lead screw (34) rotates, the first threaded sleeve (310) is driven to move, and the movable frame (313) is driven to move horizontally.

3. A high-precision automatic rail alignment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The movable frame (313) is slidably connected to the slide rails (314) arranged on both sides of the inner wall of the adjustment frame (31).

4. A high-precision automatic rail alignment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second turbine housing (39) is provided on the Y-shaped frame (316), a second servo motor (38) is fixedly mounted on one side of the second turbine housing (39), the second servo motor (38) drives the second screw rod (322) to rotate through the turbine and the worm, the external thread of the second screw rod (322) is connected to a second threaded sleeve (321), a triangular plate (320) is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the second threaded sleeve (321), pulleys (325) are provided on both sides of the triangular plate (320), and the pulleys (325) are slidably connected to sliding columns (324) provided on the inner wall of the moving frame (313).

5. A high-precision automatic rail alignment device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The interior of the triangular plate (320) is rotatably connected to a rotating disk (323), and the rotating disk (323) is provided with two arc-shaped pin slots (327). The pin slots (327) are connected to a mechanical clamp (317) via pins, and the upper end of the mechanical clamp (317) is connected to the triangular plate (320) via a guide wheel (326).

6. A high-precision automatic rail alignment device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A bottom surface supporting portion (318) is provided on the inner wall of the mechanical clamp (317).

7. A high-precision automatic rail alignment device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A top block (319) is arranged at the bottom center of the triangular plate (320), and the top block (319) is located between two mechanical clamps (317).

8. The high-precision automatic rail alignment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Three balancing bolts (35) are arranged at the bottom of the adjustment frame (31), and a level gauge (36) is arranged on the adjustment frame (31).

9. The high-precision automatic rail alignment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of supporting rollers (43) are installed inside the two measuring seats, and the adjacent sides of the two measuring seats are closed, while the separated sides are provided with openings that match the steel rails (2).

10. A working method of a high-precision automatic rail alignment device, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: First, insert two measuring seats into two rails (2) respectively, then fix two adjustment mechanisms (3) on the sleepers (1) through balance bolts (35), and level them using a spirit level (36); Step 2: The positions of the two rails (2) are measured by two displacement sensors in the X and Y directions and three displacement sensors in the rail end surface direction on the measuring mechanism (4); the positions and spatial posture differences of the two rails (2) are measured, and then the adjustment mechanism (3) is started to adjust the positions; Step 3: First, the rotating disk (323) is rotated to drive the mechanical clamp (317) to clamp the rail (2); then, the first servo motor (32) is started to drive the screw rod (34) to rotate through the worm gear, thereby driving the first threaded sleeve (310) to move horizontally, and pushing the moving frame (313) and the Y-shaped frame (316) to move horizontally as a whole; and the second servo motor (38) is started to drive the second screw rod (322) to rotate through the worm gear, thereby driving the second threaded sleeve (321) to move up and down, thereby driving the overall height of the triangle plate (320) and the mechanical clamp (317), and adjusting the height of the rail (2) until it meets the requirements.

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