Modularized assembly type steel structure stair and mounting method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a modular assembly type steel structure stair and a mounting method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of stair structures. The modular assembly type steel structure stair comprises stair units and connecting units, and the adjacent stair units are connected through the connecting units; each stair unit comprises two supporting frames which are arranged in parallel, mounting seats which are arranged in an array mode in the length direction of the supporting frames are arranged on the supporting frames, pedals are arranged between the mounting seats, and buffer structures for supporting the pedals are arranged between the mounting seats; the supporting frame is connected with the connecting unit in a locking mode through the locking mechanism. By the adoption of the modular assembly type steel structure stair and the mounting method thereof, the problems that an existing steel structure stair is low in mounting efficiency and unstable in mounting can be solved; the buffering device has the advantages of simple structure and good buffering effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of staircase structures, and in particular to a modular prefabricated steel structure staircase and an installation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The prefabricated steel structure staircase is a modern building component, which changes the traditional way of fabricating staircases at the construction site into the form of factory prefabrication and on-site assembly. This method not only improves the construction efficiency, but also ensures the product quality, and reduces the environmental pollution caused by on-site operations. The prefabricated steel structure staircase mainly consists of a flight of stairs, a landing slab, handrails and balusters, and a support structure. The flight of stairs is the main load-bearing structure, generally fabricated by welding steel beams or steel plates. The landing slab is used to connect two flights of stairs for rest or transfer. The support structure provides support for the flight of stairs and the landing slab. In the prefabricated steel structure staircase, the flight of stairs and the landing slab are two relatively important parts. The installation method of the flight of stairs and the landing slab determines the installation efficiency and structural stability of the entire prefabricated steel structure staircase.

[0003] In the prefabricated steel structure staircase, the flight of stairs is mainly assembled by welding or bolt connection. Both welding and bolt connection are rigid connections, and the buffering effect is relatively poor. In the face of large vibrations, due to the rigid connection between components, it is easy to cause fractures at the connection points, affecting the service life and safety of the staircase.

[0004] The existing patent CN202010865495.X discloses a seismic isolation prefabricated building staircase, including an assembly beam, a corner plate, a staircase inclined frame, and a staircase plate fixedly connected to the staircase inclined frame. Buffer layers are provided in both the staircase plate and the corner plate; the buffer layer includes air cushions provided in the central parts of the staircase plate and the corner plate, and a support structure is provided on the periphery of the air cushions. The support structure is set as a honeycomb support layer, and a support skeleton is provided in the honeycomb support layer. By providing the buffer layer, the vibrations generated when users pass through the staircase can be absorbed, thereby reducing the occurrence of shaking of the prefabricated staircase due to use-generated vibrations. The above patent absorbs vibrations by providing honeycomb plates and air cushions. The air cushions and honeycomb plates require a certain accommodation space, increasing the volume of the staircase plate; moreover, the honeycomb plates are prone to permanent deformation, affecting the vibration absorption effect. And springs are provided on the staircase plate for buffering, with a complex structure. In the above patent, the staircase plate and the corner plate are connected by limit blocks and limit grooves, and the connection stability between the staircase plate and the corner plate is poor. The buffer pads and honeycomb plates need to be installed on-site, affecting the construction efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a modular prefabricated steel structure staircase and an installation method thereof, to solve the problems of low installation efficiency and unstable installation of existing steel structure staircases; and it has the advantages of simple structure and good buffering effect.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a modular prefabricated steel structure staircase, which includes staircase units and connection units, and adjacent staircase units are connected through the connection units; the staircase units include two support frames arranged in parallel, mounting seats are arranged on the support frames in an array along the length direction of the support frames, pedals are arranged between the mounting seats, and a buffer structure for supporting the pedals is arranged between the mounting seats; the support frames are locked and connected to the connection units through locking mechanisms.

[0007] Preferably, the mounting seat is of a triangular structure, the bottom of the mounting seat is fixedly connected to the support frame, a mounting groove for placing the pedal is arranged on the inner surface of the top end of the mounting seat, an avoidance groove for accommodating the side plate of the pedal is arranged on one side of the mounting seat, a limiting groove is arranged on the side wall of the mounting groove, limiting blocks are arranged at both ends of the pedal, and the limiting blocks are located in the limiting groove and are slidably connected to the limiting groove.

[0008] Preferably, the buffer structure includes a first buffer assembly, a second buffer assembly and a third buffer assembly, the first buffer assembly is arranged between two mounting seats; the second buffer assembly is arranged at both ends of the first buffer assembly, and the second buffer assembly is located between the pedal and the mounting seat; the third buffer assembly is arranged on one side of the first buffer assembly, and the third buffer assembly is located between the pedal and the support frame.

[0009] Preferably, the first buffer assembly includes a guide rod, both ends of the guide rod are respectively fixed on two mounting seats, and two buffer structures are symmetrically arranged on the guide rod; the buffer structure includes a sliding sleeve, the sliding sleeve is located outside the guide rod and is slidably connected to the guide rod, a second spring is arranged between the sliding sleeve and the mounting seat close to it, the second spring is sleeved outside the guide rod, an ear plate is arranged on the sliding sleeve, and the ear plate is connected to the lower surface of the top plate of the pedal through a connecting rod, and both ends of the connecting rod are hinged to the ear plate and the top plate respectively.

[0010] Preferably, the second buffer assembly includes a fixed sleeve, the fixed sleeve is fixedly arranged on the mounting groove, the fixed sleeve is located on both sides of the limiting groove, a sliding rod is fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the top plate of the pedal, the bottom end of the sliding rod is inserted into the fixed sleeve and is slidably connected to the fixed sleeve, and a third spring is arranged between the fixed sleeve and the pedal, the third spring is sleeved outside the sliding rod; the third buffer assembly includes a fixing plate, both ends of the fixing plate are respectively fixed on two support frames, and a plurality of first springs are fixedly arranged between the fixing plate and the bottom end of the side plate of the pedal, and both ends of the first spring are fixedly connected to the pedal and the fixing plate respectively.

[0011] Preferably, the connection unit includes a first support rod and a second support rod arranged in parallel, a cross beam is arranged between the first support rod and the second support rod, the cross beam is perpendicular to the first support rod and the second support rod and is fixedly connected, and a support plate is arranged above the cross beam; the locking mechanism is located between the first support rod and the support frame.

[0012] Preferably, the locking mechanism includes a first fixed seat and a second fixed seat arranged on the upper surface of the first support rod. The top end of the support frame is located between the first fixed seat and the second fixed seat. A through hole for the insertion pin to pass through is arranged on the first fixed seat. Connecting holes for the insertion pin to pass through are arranged on both sides of the support frame. A jack for the insertion pin to pass through is arranged on the second fixed seat. The first fixed seat, the second fixed seat and the support frame are connected by the insertion pin. A locking structure for locking the insertion pin is arranged on the second fixed seat. A fixing structure is arranged between the support frame and the first support rod.

[0013] Preferably, the locking structure includes a locking block. One end of the locking block is provided with a first connecting rod. A first sliding hole for the insertion of the first connecting rod is arranged on the side wall of the jack. The first connecting rod is slidably connected with the first sliding hole. A fourth spring is arranged between the first connecting rod and the first sliding hole. The other end of the locking block is provided with a second connecting rod. A second sliding hole for the insertion of the second connecting rod and the locking block is arranged on the other side wall of the jack. The second connecting rod is slidably connected with the second sliding hole. A fifth spring is arranged between the locking block and the second sliding hole. One end of the second connecting rod extending out of the second fixed seat is provided with a second handle. The locking block, the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are coaxially arranged. The diameter of the locking block is larger than that of the first connecting rod. One end of the insertion pin is provided with an avoidance hole. A locking hole is arranged at the end of the avoidance hole. The outer diameter of the locking block is larger than the width of the avoidance hole and smaller than the aperture of the locking hole. The diameter of the first connecting rod is smaller than the width of the avoidance hole. The other end of the insertion pin is provided with a first handle.

[0014] Preferably, the fixing structure includes a fixing block. A transmission block is arranged at the top end of the fixing block. A first inclined surface is arranged at one end of the transmission block close to the first fixed seat. A second inclined surface adapted to the first inclined surface is arranged at the end of the insertion pin. A sixth spring for applying an upward pulling force to the fixing block is arranged between both ends of the transmission block and the connecting groove. A hole for the fixing block to pass through is arranged at the bottom of the support frame. A fixing hole for the insertion of the fixing block is arranged on the first support rod. A locking pin is slidably arranged on the side wall of the first support rod. A positioning hole for the insertion of the locking pin is arranged on the side surface of the fixing block. An inclined surface is arranged at one side of the bottom end of the fixing block close to the locking pin. A sleeve is arranged on the outer surface of the first support rod. The sleeve is sleeved outside the locking pin. The locking pin is slidably connected with the sleeve. One end of the locking pin extending out of the sleeve is provided with a handle. A positioning plate is arranged on the locking pin. The positioning plate is located inside the sleeve. A spring for inserting the locking pin into the positioning hole is arranged between the positioning plate and the first support rod.

[0015] An installation method for the modular prefabricated steel structure staircase based on the above includes the following steps:

[0016] S1. Fix the mounting base on the support frame, and fix both ends of the fixing plate on two support frames respectively; sleeved the sliding sleeve and the second spring on the guide rod, fix the guide rod between two mounting bases, and fix both ends of the second spring to the mounting base and the sliding sleeve respectively;

[0017] S2. Place the pedal above the mounting base. The pedals are installed successively from the top to the bottom of the support frame. The pedal is located in the installation groove. The limiting block of the pedal is inserted into the limiting groove, and the sliding rod is inserted into the fixing sleeve. A third spring is fixed between the fixing sleeve and the top plate of the pedal; a first spring is fixed between the fixing plate and the bottom end of the side plate of the pedal; both ends of the connecting rod are respectively hinged to the ear plates on the sliding sleeve and the ear plates on the pedal through pins;

[0018] S3. Assemble the connecting unit. The first support rod and the second support rod are fixedly connected by a cross beam. A first fixing seat and a second fixing seat are fixed on the upper surface of the first support rod; fix the connecting unit to the ground through the frame body;

[0019] S4. Place the top end of the support frame above the first support rod. The top end of the support frame is located between the first fixing seat and the second fixing seat. The pin passes through the through hole of the first fixing seat, passes through the connecting hole through the support frame and inserts into the jack;

[0020] S5. Pull the second connecting rod outwards through the second handle. The second connecting rod drives the locking block and the first connecting rod to slide outwards synchronously. The locking block slides into the second sliding hole. The fourth spring elongates and the fifth spring compresses; the first connecting rod slides into the locking hole through the avoidance hole on the pin. Release the second handle, and the fourth spring and the fifth spring reset. The locking block inserts into the locking hole to lock the pin;

[0021] S6. When the pin slides into the connecting groove, the pin pushes the transmission block and the fixed block to slide downwards through the second inclined surface and the first inclined surface. The fixed block pushes the locking pin outwards through the bottom inclined surface. The spring on the locking pin compresses, and the sixth spring compresses; after the first inclined surface is separated from the second inclined surface, the fixed block slides to the bottommost end, the spring resets, and the locking pin inserts into the positioning hole under the action of the spring to lock the fixed block; complete the assembly of the connecting unit and the stair unit;

[0022] S7. Lay a support plate above the cross beam.

[0023] The advantages and positive effects of the modular prefabricated steel structure staircase and its installation method of the present invention are:

[0024] 1. A buffer structure for supporting the pedal is arranged between the mounting bases. The buffer structure includes a first buffer component, a second buffer component and a third buffer component. The first buffer component, the second buffer component and the third buffer component buffer the acting force between the pedal and the mounting base from the middle, both ends and one side of the pedal respectively, so as to improve the buffer effect.

[0025] 2. In the first buffer assembly of the present invention, two opposite mounting seats are connected by a guide rod, which is beneficial to improving the support strength of the mounting seats. Two buffer structures are symmetrically arranged on the guide rod. The vertical downward acting force on the pedal is converted into a horizontal acting force on the guide rod through a connecting rod, and the acting force is buffered by a horizontally arranged second spring, which is beneficial to improving the buffering effect.

[0026] 3. In the present invention, a plurality of first springs are fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the side plate of the fixing plate and the pedal. Since the corner of the pedal is relatively vulnerable to impact, arranging the first spring below the side plate of the pedal is beneficial to improving the buffering effect.

[0027] 4. A locking mechanism is arranged between the first support rod and the support frame. The locking mechanism includes a first fixed seat and a second fixed seat arranged on the upper surface of the first support rod. The first support rod supports the top end of the support frame, and the first fixed seat and the second fixed seat limit the support frame, which is convenient for positioning the support frame and improving the installation efficiency. The first fixed seat, the second fixed seat and the support frame are connected by a pin, which improves the connection stability.

[0028] 5. A locking structure for locking the pin is arranged on the second fixed seat. Automatically locking the pin through the locking structure is beneficial to improving the connection stability between the support frame and the first fixed seat and the second fixed seat.

[0029] 6. A fixing structure is arranged between the support frame and the first support rod. While locking the support frame with the first fixed seat and the second fixed seat in the horizontal direction through a pin, the support frame and the first support rod are locked in the vertical direction through a locking pin, which improves the connection stability between the stair unit and the connection unit.

[0030] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 is a side view structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a stair unit of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the back of a stair unit of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6Schematic diagram of the structure at the connection between the staircase unit and the connection unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 Schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the mounting seat according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 8 is Figure 4 Enlarged view of A in

[0039] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the locking mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 10 Schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the bolt according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 11 is Figure 6 Enlarged view of B in

[0042] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the fixing structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Reference numerals

[0044] 1, staircase unit; 11, support frame; 12, mounting seat; 13, pedal; 14, fixing plate; 15, first spring; 16, guide rod; 17, sliding sleeve; 18, second spring; 19, connecting rod; 110, fixing sleeve; 111, sliding rod; 112, third spring; 113, mounting groove; 114, relief groove; 115, limiting groove; 116, connecting groove;

[0045] 2, connection unit; 21, first support rod; 22, second support rod; 23, cross beam; 24, support plate; 25, first fixing seat; 26, second fixing seat; 27, bolt; 28, first handle; 29, locking hole; 210, relief hole; 211, connecting hole; 212, jack; 213, first connecting rod; 214, first sliding hole; 215, fourth spring; 216, locking block; 217, second sliding hole; 218, second connecting rod; 219, fifth spring; 220, second handle; 221, fixing hole; 222, fixing block; 223, transmission block; 224, sixth spring; 225, positioning hole; 226, locking pin; 227, sleeve; 228, positioning plate. Detailed implementation manners

[0046] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the present invention is usually placed during use. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the present invention. In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "set", "installed", "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0047] In this application, unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the technical field to which this application belongs. In case of inconsistency, the meaning described in this specification or the meaning derived from the content recorded in this specification shall prevail. In addition, the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing the embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. In order to accurately describe the technical content in this application and to accurately understand the present invention, the following explanations or definitions of the terms used in this specification are given before describing the specific embodiments:

[0048] The following will describe in detail the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0049] Such as Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6As shown in the figure. A modular prefabricated steel structure staircase includes a staircase unit 1 and a connecting unit 2. Adjacent staircase units 1 are connected by the connecting unit 2. The connecting unit 2 is fixed to the ground through a steel structure frame. The staircase unit 1 includes two parallel support frames 11. The support frame 11 is of a Z-shaped structure. The middle of the support frame 11 is an inclined rod. Both ends of the support frame 11 are provided with horizontal sections for fixing the support frame 11 to the ground or the connecting unit 2. Mounting seats 12 are arranged in an array along the length direction of the support frame 11. The mounting seats 12 are arranged in a stepped manner. A pedal 13 is arranged between the mounting seats 12. The pedal 13 is arranged in a stepped manner between the two support frames 11. A buffer structure for supporting the pedal 13 is arranged between the mounting seats 12. The buffer structure is used to buffer the acting force between the pedal 13 and the mounting seat 12. The support frame 11 is locked and connected to the connecting unit 2 through a locking mechanism.

[0050] As Figure 7 shown in the figure. The mounting seat 12 is of a triangular structure. The bottom inclined surface of the mounting seat 12 is fixedly connected to the support frame 11 by welding or bolts. An installation groove 113 for placing the pedal 13 is provided on the inner surface of the top end of the mounting seat 12. An avoidance groove 114 for accommodating the side plate of the pedal 13 is provided on one side of the mounting seat 12. The outer surface of the pedal 13 is flush with the outer surface of the mounting seat 12. A limiting groove 115 is provided on the side wall of the installation groove 113. Limiting blocks are fixedly arranged at both ends of the pedal 13. The limiting blocks are located in the limiting groove 115 and are slidably connected to the limiting groove 115. The limiting blocks and the limiting groove 115 play a guiding role in the lifting of the pedal 13.

[0051] The buffer structure includes a first buffer component, a second buffer component and a third buffer component. The first buffer component is arranged between two mounting seats 12 and is located directly below the middle of the pedal 13. The second buffer component is arranged at both ends of the first buffer component. The second buffer component is located between the pedal 13 and the mounting seat 12. The third buffer component is arranged on one side of the first buffer component. The third buffer component is located between the pedal 13 and the support frame 11. The first buffer component, the second buffer component and the third buffer component buffer the acting force between the pedal 13 and the mounting seat 12 from the middle, both ends and one side of the pedal 13 respectively, improving the buffer effect.

[0052] The first buffer assembly includes a guide rod 16. The two ends of the guide rod 16 are respectively fixed on two mounting seats 12, and the guide rod 16 is horizontally arranged. Two buffer structures are symmetrically arranged on the guide rod 16. The buffer structure includes a sliding sleeve 17. The sliding sleeve 17 is located outside the guide rod 16 and is slidably connected to the guide rod 16. A second spring 18 is arranged between the sliding sleeve 17 and the mounting seat 12 close to it. The second spring 18 is sleeved outside the guide rod 16, and the two ends of the second spring 18 are respectively fixedly connected to the sliding sleeve 17 and the mounting seat 12. An ear plate is fixedly arranged on the sliding sleeve 17, and the ear plate is connected to the lower surface of the top plate of the pedal 13 through a connecting rod 19. The two ends of the connecting rod 19 are respectively hinged to the ear plate and the top plate. Connecting the two opposite mounting seats 12 through the guide rod 16 is beneficial to improving the support strength of the mounting seat 12. Two buffer structures are symmetrically arranged on the guide rod 16. By means of the connecting rod 19, the vertically downward acting force on the pedal 13 is converted into a horizontal acting force on the guide rod 16, and the acting force is buffered by the horizontally arranged second spring 18, which is beneficial to improving the buffering effect.

[0053] The second buffer assembly includes a fixed sleeve 110, and the fixed sleeve 110 is fixedly arranged on the mounting groove 113. The fixed sleeve 110 is located on both sides of the limit groove 115. A sliding rod 111 is fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the top plate of the pedal 13. The bottom end of the sliding rod 111 is inserted into the fixed sleeve 110 and is slidably connected to the fixed sleeve 110. A third spring 112 is arranged between the fixed sleeve 110 and the pedal 13. The third spring 112 is sleeved outside the sliding rod 111. The two ends of the third spring 112 are respectively fixedly connected to the fixed sleeve 110 and the pedal 13. The third spring 112 buffers the acting force between the pedal 13 and the mounting seat 12 in the vertical direction.

[0054] The third buffer assembly includes a fixing plate 14. The two ends of the fixing plate 14 are respectively fixed on two support frames 11, which is beneficial to improving the support strength of the support frames 11. A plurality of first springs 15 are fixedly arranged between the fixing plate 14 and the bottom end of the side plate of the pedal 13. The two ends of the first spring 15 are respectively fixedly connected to the pedal 13 and the fixing plate 14. Since the corner of the pedal 13 is relatively vulnerable to impact, arranging the first spring 15 below the side plate of the pedal 13 is beneficial to improving the buffering effect.

[0055] The connecting unit 2 includes a first support rod 21 and a second support rod 22 arranged in parallel. A cross beam 23 is arranged between the first support rod 21 and the second support rod 22. The cross beam 23 is perpendicular to the first support rod 21 and the second support rod 22 and is fixedly connected by welding or screws. The first support rod 21, the second support rod 22 and the cross beam 23 are all made of steel pipes and have relatively high support strength. A support plate 24 is arranged above the cross beam 23, and the support plate 24 is fixed on the cross beam 23 by screws. A buffer pad can also be arranged between the support plate 24 and the cross beam 23 to buffer the impact force between the support plate 24 and the cross beam 23.

[0056] The locking mechanism is located between the first support rod 21 and the support frame 11. The locking mechanism includes a first fixed seat 25 and a second fixed seat 26 arranged on the upper surface of the first support rod 21, and the top end of the support frame 11 is located between the first fixed seat 25 and the second fixed seat 26. The distance between the first fixed seat 25 and the second fixed seat 26 is slightly larger than the width of the support frame 11, so that the support frame 11 can be just placed between the first fixed seat 25 and the second fixed seat 26. The first support rod 21 supports the top end of the support frame 11, and the first fixed seat 25 and the second fixed seat 26 limit the support frame 11.

[0057] As Figure 8 , Figure 9 shown. A through hole for the insertion pin 27 to pass through is arranged on the first fixed seat 25, connection holes 211 for the insertion pin 27 to pass through are arranged on both sides of the support frame 11, and a jack 212 for the insertion pin 27 to pass through is arranged on the second fixed seat 26. The sizes of the through hole, the connection holes 211 and the jack 212 are slightly larger than the size of the insertion pin 27, so that the insertion pin 27 can be just inserted into the through hole, the connection holes 211 and the jack 212. The first fixed seat 25, the second fixed seat 26 and the support frame 11 are connected by the insertion pin 27. A locking structure for locking the insertion pin 27 is arranged on the second fixed seat 26. By locking the insertion pin 27 through the locking structure, it is beneficial to improve the connection stability between the support frame 11 and the first fixed seat 25 and the second fixed seat 26.

[0058] As Figure 10 , Figure 11 shown. The locking structure includes a locking block 216. A first connecting rod 213 is fixedly arranged at one end of the locking block 216. A first sliding hole 214 for the first connecting rod 213 to insert into is arranged on the side wall of the jack 212. The first connecting rod 213 is slidably connected with the first sliding hole 214. A fourth spring 215 is arranged between the first connecting rod 213 and the first sliding hole 214. The two ends of the fourth spring 215 are respectively fixedly connected with the first connecting rod 213 and the first sliding hole 214. The fourth spring 215 applies a pulling force to the first connecting rod 213. A second connecting rod 218 is fixedly arranged at the other end of the locking block 216. A second sliding hole 217 for the second connecting rod 218 and the locking block 216 to insert into is arranged on the other side wall of the jack 212. The second connecting rod 218 is slidably connected with the second sliding hole 217. A fifth spring 219 is arranged between the locking block 216 and the second sliding hole 217. The two ends of the fifth spring 219 are respectively fixedly connected with the locking block 216 and the second sliding hole 217. The fifth spring 219 applies a pushing force to the locking block 216. The locking block 216 is located in the jack 212 under the action of the fourth spring 215 and the fifth spring 219.

[0059] One end of the second connecting rod 218 extending out of the second fixed seat 26 is fixedly provided with a second handle 220, which facilitates pulling the second connecting rod 218 outwards through the second handle 220. The locking block 216, the first connecting rod 213, and the second connecting rod 218 are coaxially arranged. The diameter of the locking block 216 is greater than the diameter of the first connecting rod 213. One end of the bolt 27 is provided with an avoidance hole 210, and the end of the avoidance hole 210 is provided with a locking hole 29. The outer diameter of the locking block 216 is greater than the width of the avoidance hole 210 and slightly smaller than the aperture of the locking hole 29, so that after the locking block 216 is inserted into the locking hole 29, the bolt 27 can be locked through the locking block 216. The diameter of the first connecting rod 213 is smaller than the width of the avoidance hole 210, so that the bolt 27 can be inserted into the insertion hole 212 through the avoidance hole 210 and the first connecting rod 213. The other end of the bolt 27 is fixedly provided with a first handle 28.

[0060] As Figure 12 shown. A fixing structure is provided between the support frame 11 and the first support rod 21. The fixing structure includes a fixing block 222, and the top end of the fixing block 222 is fixedly provided with a transmission block 223. One end of the transmission block 223 close to the first fixed seat 25 is provided with a first inclined surface, and the end of the bolt 27 is provided with a second inclined surface adapted to the first inclined surface. The bolt 27 pushes the fixing block 222 to slide downwards through the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface.

[0061] A sixth spring 224 that applies an upward pulling force to the fixing block 222 is provided between both ends of the transmission block 223 and the connection groove 116. Both ends of the sixth spring 224 are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the transmission block 223 and the inner surface of the connection groove 116 respectively. A hole through which the fixing block 222 passes is provided at the bottom of the support frame 11, and the size of the hole is slightly larger than the size of the fixing block 222. A fixing hole 221 into which the fixing block 222 is inserted is provided on the first support rod 21, and the size of the fixing hole 221 is slightly larger than the size of the fixing block 222, so that the support rod and the support frame 11 are locked through the fixing block 222 and the fixing hole 221.

[0062] A locking pin 226 is slidably arranged on the side wall of the first support rod 21, and a positioning hole 225 for inserting the locking pin 226 is arranged on the side surface of the fixed block 222. A bevel surface is arranged on one side of the bottom end of the fixed block 222 close to the locking pin 226, which is convenient for the locking pin 226 to be inserted into the positioning hole 225. A sleeve 227 is fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the first support rod 21, and the sleeve 227 is sleeved outside the locking pin 226. The locking pin 226 is slidably connected with the sleeve 227, and a handle is arranged at one end of the locking pin 226 extending out of the sleeve 227. A positioning plate 228 is fixedly arranged on the locking pin 226, and the positioning plate 228 is located inside the sleeve 227. A spring for inserting the locking pin 226 into the positioning hole 225 is arranged between the positioning plate 228 and the first support rod 21. The fixed block 222 is locked by the locking pin 226, improving the connection stability between the support frame 11 and the first support rod 21.

[0063] The installation method of the above modular assembled steel structure staircase includes the following steps:

[0064] S1. Install the mounting seat 12 on the support frame 11 by welding or screws, and fix the two ends of the fixing plate 14 on the two support frames 11 by welding or screws respectively. Sleeve the sliding sleeve 17 and the second spring 18 on the guide rod 16, and fix the guide rod 16 between the two mounting seats 12 by welding or screws. Fix the two ends of the second spring 18 to the mounting seat 12 and the sliding sleeve 17 respectively.

[0065] S2. Place the pedal 13 above the mounting seat 12, and install the pedal 13 in sequence from the top to the bottom of the support frame 11. The pedal 13 is located in the installation groove 113, the limiting block of the pedal 13 is inserted into the limiting groove 115, and the sliding rod 111 is inserted into the fixed sleeve 110. A third spring 112 is fixed between the fixed sleeve 110 and the top plate of the pedal 13, and a first spring 15 is fixed between the fixing plate 14 and the bottom end of the side plate of the pedal 13. Hinge the two ends of the connecting rod 19 to the ear plates on the sliding sleeve 17 and the ear plates on the pedal 13 respectively through pin shafts.

[0066] S1 and S2 can be assembled and completed in the factory and transported to the construction site in the form of the whole staircase unit 1; or they can be assembled on the construction site.

[0067] S3. Assemble the connecting unit 2. The first support rod 21 and the second support rod 22 are fixedly connected by welding or screws through the cross beam 23, and the first fixed seat 25 and the second fixed seat 26 are fixed on the upper surface of the first support rod 21 by welding or screws. Fix the connecting unit 2 to the ground through the frame body.

[0068] S4. Place the top end of the support frame 11 above the first support rod 21. The top end of the support frame 11 is located between the first fixed seat 25 and the second fixed seat 26. The pin 27 passes through the through hole of the first fixed seat 25, passes through the connection hole 211 of the support frame 11, and is inserted into the jack 212.

[0069] S5. Pull the second connecting rod 218 outward through the second handle 220. The second connecting rod 218 drives the locking block 216 and the first connecting rod 213 to slide outward synchronously. The locking block 216 slides into the second sliding hole 217. The fourth spring 215 elongates and the fifth spring 219 compresses. The first connecting rod 213 slides into the locking hole 29 through the avoidance hole 210 on the pin 27. Release the second handle 220. The fourth spring 215 and the fifth spring 219 reset. The locking block 216 is inserted into the locking hole 29 to lock the pin 27.

[0070] S6. When the pin 27 slides into the connection groove 116, the pin 27 pushes the transmission block 223 and the fixed block 222 to slide downward through the second inclined surface and the first inclined surface. The fixed block 222 pushes the locking pin 226 to slide outward through the bottom inclined surface. The spring on the locking pin 226 compresses and the sixth spring 224 compresses. After the first inclined surface is separated from the second inclined surface, the fixed block 222 slides to the bottommost end. The spring resets. The locking pin 226 is inserted into the positioning hole 225 under the action of the spring to lock the fixed block 222. The assembly of the connection unit 2 and the staircase unit 1 is completed.

[0071] When disassembling, first pull the second connecting rod 218 outward through the second handle 220, then pull the pin 27 outward through the first handle 28, and finally pull the locking pin 226 outward through the handle. The fixed block 222 moves upward under the action of the sixth spring 224, and the support frame 11 can be separated from the first support rod 21.

[0072] S7. Lay the support plate 24 above the cross beam 23.

[0073] Therefore, by using the modular prefabricated steel structure staircase and its installation method of the present invention, the problems of low installation efficiency and unstable installation of the existing steel structure staircase can be solved; it has the advantages of simple structure and good buffering effect.

[0074] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: they can still modify or equivalently replace the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot make the modified technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A modular assembled steel structure staircase, characterized by: It includes a stair unit and a connecting unit, and adjacent stair units are connected by the connecting unit; the stair unit includes two parallel supporting frames, the supporting frames are provided with mounting seats arranged in an array along the length direction of the supporting frames, pedals are provided between the mounting seats, and a buffer structure for supporting the pedals is provided between the mounting seats; the supporting frames are locked and connected to the connecting unit through a locking mechanism.

2. A modular assembled steel structure staircase according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting seat is a triangular structure, the bottom of the mounting seat is fixedly connected to the support frame, a mounting groove for placing the pedal is provided on the inner surface of the top end of the mounting seat, an avoidance groove for accommodating the side plate of the pedal is provided on one side of the mounting seat, a limiting groove is provided on the side wall of the mounting groove, and limiting blocks are provided at both ends of the pedal. The limiting blocks are located in the limiting groove and are slidably connected to the limiting groove.

3. A modular assembled steel structure staircase according to claim 2, characterized in that: The buffer structure includes a first buffer component, a second buffer component and a third buffer component. The first buffer component is arranged between two mounting seats; the second buffer component is arranged at both ends of the first buffer component, and the second buffer component is located between the pedal and the mounting seat; the third buffer component is arranged on one side of the first buffer component, and the third buffer component is located between the pedal and the support frame.

4. A modular assembled steel structure staircase according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first buffer assembly includes a guide rod, the two ends of the guide rod are respectively fixed on two mounting seats, and two buffer structures are symmetrically arranged on the guide rod; the buffer structure includes a sliding sleeve, the sliding sleeve is located outside the guide rod and is slidably connected to the guide rod, a second spring is arranged between the sliding sleeve and the mounting seat close to it, the second spring sleeve is arranged outside the guide rod, an ear plate is arranged on the sliding sleeve, the ear plate is connected to the lower surface of the top plate of the pedal through a connecting rod, and the two ends of the connecting rod are respectively hinged to the ear plate and the top plate.

5. The modular assembled steel structure staircase according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second buffer assembly includes a fixed sleeve, which is fixedly arranged on the mounting groove, and the fixed sleeve is located on both sides of the limit groove. A sliding rod is fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the top plate of the pedal, and the bottom end of the sliding rod is inserted into the fixed sleeve and slidably connected with the fixed sleeve. A third spring is arranged between the fixed sleeve and the pedal, and the third spring sleeve is arranged on the outside of the sliding rod; the third buffer assembly includes a fixed plate, and the two ends of the fixed plate are respectively fixed on the two support frames, and a plurality of first springs are fixedly arranged at the bottom ends of the fixed plate and the side plates of the pedal, and the two ends of the first spring are respectively fixedly connected with the pedal and the fixed plate.

6. The modular assembled steel structure staircase according to claim 5, characterized in that: The connecting unit includes a first support rod and a second support rod arranged in parallel, a cross beam is arranged between the first support rod and the second support rod, the cross beam is vertically arranged and fixedly connected to the first support rod and the second support rod, and a support plate is arranged above the cross beam; the locking mechanism is located between the first support rod and the support frame.

7. The modular assembled steel structure staircase according to claim 6, characterized in that: The locking mechanism includes a first fixing seat and a second fixing seat arranged on the upper surface of the first support rod, the top of the support frame is located between the first fixing seat and the second fixing seat, the first fixing seat is provided with a through hole for the pin to pass through, the two sides of the support frame are provided with connecting holes for the pin to pass through, the second fixing seat is provided with a plug hole for the pin to pass through, the first fixing seat, the second fixing seat and the support frame are connected by a plug, the second fixing seat is provided with a locking structure for locking the plug, and a fixing structure is provided between the support frame and the first support rod.

8. The modular assembled steel structure staircase according to claim 7, characterized in that: The locking structure includes a locking block, a first connecting rod is provided at one end of the locking block, a first sliding hole is provided on the side wall of the insertion hole for inserting the first connecting rod, the first connecting rod is slidably connected to the first sliding hole, and a fourth spring is provided between the first connecting rod and the first sliding hole; a second connecting rod is provided at the other end of the locking block, a second sliding hole is provided on the other side wall of the insertion hole for inserting the second connecting rod and the locking block, the second connecting rod is slidably connected to the second sliding hole, a fifth spring is provided between the locking block and the second sliding hole, and a second handle is provided at one end of the second connecting rod extending out of the second fixed seat; the locking block, the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are coaxially arranged, and the diameter of the locking block is larger than the diameter of the first connecting rod; an avoidance hole is provided at one end of the latch, and a locking hole is provided at the end of the avoidance hole, the outer diameter of the locking block is larger than the width of the avoidance hole and smaller than the aperture of the locking hole, the diameter of the first connecting rod is smaller than the width of the avoidance hole, and the first handle is provided at the other end of the latch.

9. The modular assembled steel structure staircase according to claim 8, characterized in that: The fixing structure comprises a fixing block, a transmission block is arranged at the top of the fixing block, a first inclined surface is arranged at one end of the transmission block close to the first fixing seat, a second inclined surface is arranged at the end of the latch pin and is matched with the first inclined surface, a sixth spring is arranged between the two ends of the transmission block and the connecting groove to apply an upward pulling force to the fixing block, a hole is arranged at the bottom of the support frame for the fixing block to pass through, and a fixing hole is arranged on the first support rod for the fixing block to be inserted; a locking pin is slidably arranged on the side wall of the first support rod, a positioning hole is arranged on the side surface of the fixing block for inserting the locking pin, an inclined surface is arranged on the outer surface of the first support rod, the sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the locking pin, the locking pin is slidably connected with the sleeve, a handle is arranged at one end of the locking pin extending out of the sleeve, a positioning plate is arranged on the locking pin, the positioning plate is located inside the sleeve, and a spring is arranged between the positioning plate and the first support rod for inserting the locking pin into the positioning hole.

10. A method for installing a modular assembled steel structure staircase according to claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Fix the mounting seat on the support frame, and fix the two ends of the fixing plate on the two support frames respectively; put the sliding sleeve and the second spring on the guide rod, fix the guide rod between the two mounting seats, and fix the two ends of the second spring to the mounting seat and the sliding sleeve respectively; S2. Place a pedal on the top of the mounting seat. The pedal is installed from the top to the bottom of the support frame in sequence. The pedal is located in the mounting groove. The limit block of the pedal is inserted into the limit groove. The slide rod is inserted into the fixing sleeve. The third spring is fixed between the fixing sleeve and the top plate of the pedal. The first spring is fixed between the fixing plate and the bottom end of the side plate of the pedal. The two ends of the connecting rod are respectively hinged to the ear plate on the sliding sleeve and the ear plate on the pedal through the pin shaft. S3, assembling the connection unit, the first support rod and the second support rod are fixedly connected by a crossbeam, the first fixing seat and the second fixing seat are fixed on the upper surface of the first support rod; and the connection unit is fixed on the ground by a frame; S4, the top of the support frame is placed above the first support rod, the top of the support frame is located between the first fixing seat and the second fixing seat, the latch passes through the through hole of the first fixing seat, passes through the support frame through the connecting hole and is inserted into the plug hole; S5. Pull the second connecting rod outward through the second handle, the second connecting rod drives the locking block and the first connecting rod to slide outward synchronously, the locking block slides into the second sliding hole, the fourth spring extends, and the fifth spring compresses; the first connecting rod slides into the locking hole through the avoidance hole on the latch, the second handle is released, the fourth spring and the fifth spring are reset, the locking block is inserted into the locking hole, and the latch is locked; S6. When the latch slides into the connection groove, the latch pushes the transmission block and the fixed block to slide downward through the second inclined surface and the first inclined surface, and the fixed block pushes the locking pin to slide outward through the bottom inclined surface, and the spring on the locking pin is compressed, and the sixth spring is compressed; after the first inclined surface is separated from the second inclined surface, the fixed block slides to the bottom end, the spring is reset, and the locking pin is inserted into the positioning hole under the action of the spring to lock the fixed block; the assembly of the connection unit and the staircase unit is completed; S7. Lay the support plate on top of the beam.

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