The utility model discloses a portable building staircase quick setting-up structure, relates to the building technical field, including fixed plate, support plate and step plate, the number of fixed plate is two, two fixed plate are provided with mounting groove, the both ends of support plate are provided with mounting plate, the support plate and the mounting plate are integrated structure, the step plate is provided with the mounting groove, the mounting plate is provided with the mounting groove, the step plate is provided with the mounting groove, and the step plate is provided with the mounting groove. The supporting plate is connected with the mounting groove in an embedded mode through the mounting plate, an inserting groove is formed in the supporting plate, the step plate is inserted into the inserting groove in an embedded mode, a vertical plate is arranged on the supporting plate, two strip-shaped grooves are symmetrically formed in the vertical plate, two strip-shaped blocks are symmetrically arranged on the outer wall of the bottom of the step plate, and the two strip-shaped blocks are symmetrically arranged on the outer wall of the bottom of the step plate. The two strip-shaped blocks are connected with the two strip-shaped grooves in an embedded mode. The building stair can be rapidly built, the overall stability of building stair building can be guaranteed, meanwhile, after the stair is used, the building stair can be rapidly disassembled, overall operation is easy and convenient, and practicability is high.