Suspension bridge tunnel anchor pipe group positioning method

Abstract

The invention relates to a suspension bridge tunnel anchor pipe group positioning method, which comprises the following steps of: based on a theoretical horizontal angle and a vertical angle of each anchor pipe group theoretical axis under an anchor pipe group independent coordinate system, respectively emitting laser beams for marking each anchor pipe group theoretical axis by utilizing a laser automatic total station; and the laser beams of the anchor pipes are projected to the transparent grid frames installed at the top ends of the anchor pipes respectively, the actual deviation between the centers of the top ends of the anchor pipes and the laser beams of the anchor pipes corresponding to the centers of the top ends of the anchor pipes is marked on the transparent grid frames, and the anchor pipes are adjusted to be positioned according to the actual deviation of the centers of the top ends of the anchor pipes. And one-stop visual positioning of the anchor pipe group is realized. Compared with a traditional method that absolute positioning needs to be carried out one by one, multiple anchor pipes can be rapidly processed, the positioning efficiency is remarkably improved, the actual deviation of the top end centers of the anchor pipes can be visually seen, the number of measuring personnel needing to be invested is reduced, and the labor cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of bridge construction, and in particular to a method for positioning an anchor pipe group in a suspension bridge tunnel. Background Art

[0002] For suspension bridges in deep canyon mountainous areas, the anchoring structure generally adopts tunnel anchor structure. Tunnel anchor pipe group is one of the main anchoring forms and also the key force-bearing structure of suspension bridges.

[0003] The tunnel anchor pipe structure consists of an anchor bottom plate and several anchor pipes supported on the anchor bottom plate. The extended axis lines of the several anchor pipes intersect at the center point of the loose cables, forming a cone-shaped structure around the center line of the anchor pipe group formed by the center point of the anchor bottom plate and the center point of the loose cables. Each anchor pipe consists of an anchor plate and several anchor pipe segments. The anchor plates are distributed and supported on the anchor bottom plate of the tunnel anchor pipe structure. The bottom of the anchor pipe is fixed to its anchor plate. The center of the anchor plate and the center of the upper end of the anchor pipe serve as the axis of the anchor pipe, which intersects at the center point of the loose cables.

[0004] In the related technology, the total station coordinate method is generally used for anchor pipe positioning measurement. The total station is placed on the control point of the bridge control network to absolutely position each anchor pipe one by one. The positioning workload is large, and there are defects such as a large number of measurement personnel involved and low measurement and installation efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present application provides a method for positioning an anchor pipe group in a suspension bridge tunnel, which can solve the problem of a traditional total station coordinate method in which a total station is placed on a control point of a bridge control network to absolutely position each anchor pipe one by one. The positioning workload is large, and there are problems such as a large number of surveying personnel involved and low measurement and installation efficiency.

[0006] The present application provides a method for positioning an anchor pipe group in a suspension bridge tunnel, which comprises the following steps:

[0007] Based on the theoretical horizontal angle and vertical angle of each anchor pipe theoretical axis in the independent coordinate system of the anchor pipe group, a laser automatic total station is used to emit laser beams marking the theoretical axis of each anchor pipe respectively;

[0008] The laser beam of the theoretical axis of each anchor pipe is projected onto the transparent grid frame installed at the top of each anchor pipe, and the actual deviation between the center of the top of each anchor pipe and the laser beam of the corresponding anchor pipe theoretical axis is marked on each transparent grid frame. According to the actual deviation of the center of the top of each anchor pipe, the anchor pipe is adjusted to be positioned.

[0009] In one embodiment, based on the theoretical horizontal angle and vertical angle of each anchor pipe theoretical axis in the independent coordinate system of the anchor pipe group, using a laser automatic total station to respectively emit laser beams marking the theoretical axes of each anchor pipe includes:

[0010] Based on the three-dimensional coordinates of the anchoring points of each anchor pipe, the theoretical three-dimensional coordinates of the center at the top of each anchor pipe, and the theoretical three-dimensional coordinates of the known reference points in the independent coordinate system of the anchor pipe group, calculate the theoretical horizontal angle and vertical angle of the theoretical axis of each anchor pipe in the independent coordinate system of the anchor pipe group;

[0011] Based on the theoretical horizontal angle and vertical angle of the theoretical axis of each anchor pipe in the independent coordinate system of the anchor pipe group, use a laser total station to emit laser beams respectively indicating the theoretical axes of each anchor pipe.

[0012] In one embodiment, the calculating of the theoretical horizontal angle and vertical angle of the theoretical axis of each anchor pipe in the independent coordinate system of the anchor pipe group based on the three-dimensional coordinates of the anchoring points of each anchor pipe, the theoretical three-dimensional coordinates of the center at the top of the anchor pipe, and the theoretical three-dimensional coordinates of the known reference points includes:

[0013] Based on the three-dimensional coordinates of the anchoring points of each anchor pipe, the theoretical three-dimensional coordinates of the center at the top of each anchor pipe, and the theoretical three-dimensional coordinates of the known reference points in the independent coordinate system of the anchor pipe group, determine the direction vector of the theoretical axis of each anchor pipe in the independent coordinate system of the anchor pipe group through geometric calculation or coordinate transformation method;

[0014] Based on the direction vector of the theoretical axis of each anchor pipe in the independent coordinate system of the anchor pipe group, calculate the theoretical horizontal angle and vertical angle of the theoretical axis of each anchor pipe relative to the known reference points.

[0015] In one embodiment, before calculating the theoretical horizontal angle and vertical angle of the theoretical axis of each anchor pipe in the independent coordinate system of the anchor pipe group based on the three-dimensional coordinates of the anchoring points of each anchor pipe, the theoretical three-dimensional coordinates of the center at the top of the anchor pipe, and the theoretical three-dimensional coordinates of the known reference points, it further includes:

[0016] Taking the center of the anchor base plate as the origin, the horizontal line of the anchor base plate as the X-axis, the straight line from the origin to the center point of the scattered cables as the Z-axis, and the axis perpendicular to the horizontal line on the anchor base plate as the Y-axis, establish an independent coordinate system of the anchor pipe group;

[0017] Convert the theoretical three-dimensional coordinates of the anchoring points of each anchor pipe, the theoretical three-dimensional coordinates of the center at the top of the anchor pipe, and the theoretical three-dimensional coordinates of the known reference points based on the engineering coordinate system into the theoretical three-dimensional coordinates of the anchoring points of each anchor pipe, the theoretical three-dimensional coordinates of the center at the top of the anchor pipe, and the theoretical three-dimensional coordinates of the known reference points in the independent coordinate system of the anchor pipe group.

[0018] In one embodiment, the projecting the laser beams of the theoretical axes of each anchor pipe onto the transparent grid frames installed at the top of each anchor pipe, marking the actual deviation between the center at the top of each anchor pipe and the laser beam of its corresponding theoretical axis of the anchor pipe on each transparent grid frame, and adjusting the anchor pipe for positioning according to the actual deviation of the center at the top of each anchor pipe includes:

[0019] The laser beams based on the theoretical axes of each anchor are respectively projected onto the anchor base plates, and the anchoring plates are respectively installed and positioned on the anchor base plates.

[0020] Each anchor pipe to be adjusted is respectively installed on the anchoring plate, and each transparent grid frame is respectively installed at the top end of each anchor pipe to be adjusted.

[0021] The laser beams based on the theoretical axes of each anchor are respectively projected onto the transparent grid frames installed at the top ends of each anchor pipe. The actual deviation between the center of the top end of each anchor pipe and the laser beam of its corresponding anchor theoretical axis is marked on each transparent grid frame. According to the actual deviation of the center of the top end of each anchor pipe, the anchor pipe is adjusted to be positioned.

[0022] In one embodiment, after the laser beams based on the theoretical axes of each anchor are respectively projected onto the transparent grid frames installed at the top ends of each anchor pipe, the actual deviation between the center of the top end of each anchor pipe and the laser beam of its corresponding anchor theoretical axis is marked on each transparent grid frame, and according to the actual deviation of the center of the top end of each anchor pipe, the anchor pipe is adjusted to be positioned, it further includes:

[0023] When the anchor pipe is constructed by segmented positioning, after the top end of the lower anchor pipe segment is positioned, the bottom ends of other anchor pipe segments are connected in sequence with the top ends of the already positioned anchor pipe segments. The laser beam of the anchor theoretical axis is projected onto the transparent grid frames installed at the top ends of the anchor pipes for other anchor pipe segments again. The actual deviation of the center of the top end of the anchor pipe is marked on each transparent grid frame. According to the actual deviation of the center of the top end of the anchor pipe, the steps of adjusting the anchor pipe to be positioned are repeated to complete the segmented positioning construction.

[0024] In one embodiment, before the laser beams respectively emitting to mark the theoretical axes of each anchor are emitted by the laser total station automatically based on the theoretical horizontal angle and vertical angle of each anchor theoretical axis in the independent coordinate system of the anchor pipe group, it further includes:

[0025] Based on the elevation difference between the actual elevation of the center of the laser total station and the theoretical elevation of the center of the cable dispersion point, the lifting device is used to control the center of the laser total station to rise and fall to the center of the cable dispersion point.

[0026] In one embodiment, the elevation difference between the actual elevation of the center of the laser total station and the theoretical elevation of the center of the cable dispersion point, and the lifting device is used to control the center of the laser total station to rise and fall to the center of the cable dispersion point, includes:

[0027] Based on the known elevation information of the known reference point, the inclined distance and vertical angle from the laser total station to the known reference point, the actual elevation of the laser total station is calculated using the principle of triangulation.

[0028] Based on the elevation difference between the actual elevation of the laser total station and the theoretical elevation of the center of the cable-spreading point, the center of the laser total station is lifted or lowered to the center of the cable-spreading point by using a lifting device.

[0029] In one embodiment, before calculating the actual elevation of the laser total station by using the known elevation information of the known reference point, the inclined distance and the vertical angle from the laser total station to the known reference point based on the principle of triangulation, it further includes:

[0030] By using the back sight function of the laser total station, aiming at the known reference point, measuring the inclined distance and the vertical angle from the laser total station to the known reference point.

[0031] In one embodiment, before using the back sight function of the laser total station to aim at the known reference point and measure the inclined distance and the vertical angle from the laser total station to the known reference point, it further includes:

[0032] Install a lifting device on the plane center of the cable-spreading point, and place the laser total station on the lifting device.

[0033] The beneficial effects brought by the technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present application include:

[0034] Based on the theoretical horizontal angle and vertical angle of each anchor pipe's theoretical axis in the independent coordinate system of the anchor pipe group, the laser total station emits laser beams to mark the theoretical axes of each anchor pipe, realizing one-stop visual positioning of the anchor pipe group. Compared with the traditional method that requires absolute positioning one by one, the present invention can quickly process multiple anchor pipes, significantly improving the positioning efficiency. Due to the technical means of using laser beam visual marking and transparent grid frame deviation marking, construction workers can intuitively see the actual deviation of the center of the top of the anchor pipe and make adjustments accordingly. This greatly reduces the number of surveyors required and lowers the labor cost. Among them, the laser total station has the characteristics of high-precision measurement, which can ensure the accurate emission and positioning of the laser beam. Combined with the intuitive marking of the transparent grid frame, construction workers can accurately adjust the position of the anchor pipe to make the center of the top of the anchor pipe coincide with the theoretical position or meet higher precision requirements. Through the visual marking of the laser beam, construction workers can intuitively see the positions of the theoretical axes of each anchor pipe and the deviation between the center of the top of the anchor pipe and the theoretical position. This visual effect helps construction workers better understand the positioning process and improve the accuracy and efficiency of positioning. Description of the Drawings

[0035] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other accompanying drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0036] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of the positioning method for the anchor pipe group of the tunnel anchor of the suspension bridge;

[0037] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the lifting device in the positioning method for the anchor pipe group of the tunnel anchor of the suspension bridge;

[0038] Figure 3 It is a schematic distribution diagram of the anchor plates of each anchor pipe on the anchor bottom plate;

[0039] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the transparent grid frame.

[0040] In the figure: 1. Lifting device; 11. Driving servo motor; 12. Threaded sleeve; 13. Threaded rod; 14. Centering plate; 2. Laser automatic total station; 3. Center point of the scattered cable; 4. Known reference point; 5. Anchor bottom plate; 6. Anchor plate; 7. Anchor pipe; 8. Transparent grid frame; 81. Circular pipe; 82. Transparent grid plate. Specific embodiments

[0041] In order to enable those skilled in the art of the present technology to better understand the solutions of the present application, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0042] The embodiments of the present application provide a positioning method for the anchor pipe group of the tunnel anchor of the suspension bridge, which can solve the problems of the traditional total station coordinate method. When the total station is installed on the control points of the bridge control network and the absolute positioning of each anchor pipe is carried out one by one, the positioning workload is large, and there are problems such as a large number of surveying personnel and low surveying and installation efficiency.

[0043] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of the positioning method for the anchor pipe group of the tunnel anchor of the suspension bridge; Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the lifting device 1 in the positioning method for the anchor pipe group of the tunnel anchor of the suspension bridge; The embodiments of the present application provide a positioning method for the anchor pipe group of the tunnel anchor of the suspension bridge, which includes the following steps:

[0044] S100: Based on the theoretical horizontal angle and vertical angle of each anchor pipe's theoretical axis in the independent coordinate system of the anchor pipe group, use the laser automatic total station 2 to emit laser beams respectively to mark the theoretical axes of each anchor pipe;

[0045] S200: Based on the laser beams of each anchor pipe's theoretical axis being respectively projected onto the transparent grid frames 8 installed at the tops of each anchor pipe 7, mark the actual deviation of the center of the top of each anchor pipe 7 on each transparent grid frame 8, and adjust the anchor pipe 7 according to the actual deviation of the center of the top of each anchor pipe 7 to position it.

[0046] In this embodiment, in S100, first, according to the design drawings and calculations, determine the theoretical horizontal angle and vertical angle of each anchor pipe 7 in the independent coordinate system of the anchor pipe group. These angles are the ideal position indicators that the anchor pipe 7 should reach. Use the laser automatic total station 2 to emit laser beams respectively to mark the theoretical axes of each anchor pipe 7 according to the calculated theoretical angles. The laser automatic total station 2 has the characteristics of high precision and automation, and can ensure the accuracy and stability of the laser beams. In S200, install the transparent grid frame 8 at the top of each anchor pipe 7. This grid frame serves as a reference for observation and positioning, and can clearly show the position where the laser beam is projected. When the laser beam is projected onto the transparent grid frame 8, a light point or light spot will be formed. By observing the positional relationship between this light point and the preset reference point (such as the center point) on the grid frame, the actual deviation of the center of the top of the anchor pipe 7 can be marked. According to the observed actual deviation, by adjusting the position and attitude of the anchor pipe 7, make it as close as possible to or reach the position indicated by the theoretical axis. This step may need to be repeated until the positioning of all anchor pipes 7 meets the design requirements.

[0047] Specifically, based on the theoretical horizontal angle and vertical angle of each anchor pipe's theoretical axis in the independent coordinate system of the anchor pipe group, using the laser automatic total station 2 to emit laser beams to mark the theoretical axes of each anchor pipe realizes the one-stop visual positioning of the anchor pipe group. Compared with the traditional method that requires absolute positioning one by one, the present invention can quickly process multiple anchor pipes 7, significantly improving the positioning efficiency. Due to the technical means of laser beam visual marking and transparent grid frame 8 deviation marking, construction personnel can intuitively see the actual deviation of the center of the top of the anchor pipe 7 and make adjustments accordingly. This greatly reduces the number of surveying personnel required and lowers the labor cost. Among them, the laser automatic total station 2 has the characteristic of high-precision measurement, and can ensure the accurate emission and positioning of the laser beam. Combined with the intuitive marking of the transparent grid frame 8, construction personnel can accurately adjust the position of the anchor pipe 7 to make the center of the top of the anchor pipe 7 coincide with the theoretical position or meet higher precision requirements. Through the visual marking of the laser beam, construction personnel can intuitively see the positions of the theoretical axes of each anchor pipe, as well as the deviation between the center of the top of the anchor pipe 7 and the theoretical position. This visual effect helps construction personnel better understand the positioning process and improve the accuracy and efficiency of positioning.

[0048] In one embodiment, in S100, the following steps are included:

[0049] S102: Based on the three-dimensional coordinates of the anchoring points of each anchor pipe 7 in the independent coordinate system of the anchor pipe group, the theoretical three-dimensional coordinates of the center at the top of each anchor pipe 7, and the theoretical three-dimensional coordinates of the known reference point 4, calculate the theoretical horizontal angle and vertical angle of the theoretical axis of each anchor pipe in the independent coordinate system of the anchor pipe group;

[0050] S103: Based on the theoretical horizontal angle and vertical angle of the theoretical axis of each anchor pipe in the independent coordinate system of the anchor pipe group, use the laser total station 2 to emit laser beams respectively to mark the theoretical axes of each anchor pipe.

[0051] In this embodiment, it should be noted that, as Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, what is shown is the independent coordinate system of the anchor pipe group. The three-dimensional coordinates of the anchoring points: This refers to the coordinates of the fixed points (i.e., the anchoring points) of each anchor pipe 7 in the independent coordinate system of the anchor pipe group. The theoretical three-dimensional coordinates of the center at the top of the anchor pipe 7: This refers to the theoretical three-dimensional coordinate position of the center at the top of each anchor pipe 7. The theoretical three-dimensional coordinates of the reference point: This is a known three-dimensional coordinate point used as a reference for calculating the coordinates of other points. Using the above three-dimensional coordinate data, through geometric calculation or coordinate transformation, determine the direction of the theoretical axis of each anchor pipe in the independent coordinate system of the anchor pipe group. According to this direction, calculate the theoretical horizontal angle and vertical angle of the theoretical axis of each anchor pipe. These angles are the basis for the laser total station 2 to emit laser beams. According to the theoretical horizontal angle and vertical angle calculated in step S102, adjust the emission direction of the laser total station 2. The laser total station 2 emits laser beams respectively according to the set angles to mark the theoretical axes of each anchor pipe 7. These laser beams form straight lines in space, representing the theoretical positions and directions of each anchor pipe 7. By accurately calculating the angles of the theoretical axes of each anchor pipe and using the laser total station 2 for marking, the high precision of positioning is ensured. The entire positioning process is based on a unified independent coordinate system of the anchor pipe group, enabling all calculations and adjustments to be carried out in this coordinate system, avoiding errors caused by coordinate conversion. Decompose the complex positioning process into specific steps, making it easier for operators to understand and execute.

[0052] In one embodiment, in S102, the following steps are included:

[0053] S102-1: Based on the three-dimensional coordinates of the anchoring points of each anchor pipe 7 in the independent coordinate system of the anchor pipe group, the theoretical three-dimensional coordinates of the center at the top of each anchor pipe 7, and the theoretical three-dimensional coordinates of the known reference point 4, determine the direction vector of the theoretical axis of each anchor pipe in the independent coordinate system of the anchor pipe group through geometric calculation or coordinate transformation method;

[0054] S102-2: Calculate the theoretical horizontal and vertical angles of each anchor pipe's theoretical axis relative to the known reference point 4 based on the direction vectors of each anchor pipe's theoretical axis in the independent coordinate system of the anchor pipe group.

[0055] In this embodiment, use geometric calculation or coordinate transformation methods (such as vector subtraction, matrix transformation, etc.) to calculate the direction vectors of each anchor pipe's theoretical axis based on the three-dimensional coordinates of the anchoring points and the center of the top of the anchor pipe 7. These direction vectors represent the extension directions of the anchor pipe 7 in three-dimensional space. Taking the known reference point 4 as the starting point, establish a local coordinate system or reference frame for calculating the horizontal and vertical angles. Use trigonometric functions or vector operations (such as dot product, cross product, etc.) to calculate the horizontal and vertical angles of each anchor pipe's theoretical axis relative to the reference point based on the direction vectors determined in step S101-1. The horizontal angle usually represents the angle between the projection of the axis on the horizontal plane and a certain reference direction (such as due north); the vertical angle represents the angle between the axis and the horizontal plane.

[0056] In one implementation, before S102, the following steps are included:

[0057] S101-1: As Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, taking the center of the anchor base plate 5 as the origin, the horizontal line of the anchor base plate 5 as the X-axis, the straight line from the origin to the center point of the scattered cable 3 as the Z-axis, and the axis perpendicular to the horizontal line on the anchor base plate 5 as the Y-axis, establish an independent coordinate system for the anchor pipe group;

[0058] S101-2: Convert the theoretical three-dimensional coordinates of the anchoring points of each anchor pipe 7, the theoretical three-dimensional coordinates of the center of the top of the anchor pipe 7, and the theoretical three-dimensional coordinates of the known reference point 4 based on the engineering coordinate system into the theoretical three-dimensional coordinates of the anchoring points of each anchor pipe 7, the theoretical three-dimensional coordinates of the center of the top of the anchor pipe 7, and the theoretical three-dimensional coordinates of the known reference point 4 in the independent coordinate system of the anchor pipe group.

[0059] In this embodiment, the center of the anchor base plate 5 is selected as the origin of the coordinate system because the anchor base plate 5 is the foundation of the anchor pipe group, and its position is relatively fixed and easy to determine. X-axis: The horizontal line of the anchor base plate 5 is taken as the X-axis, which is usually consistent with the longitudinal or transverse direction of the bridge for easy understanding and reference. Z-axis: The straight line from the origin to the center point 3 of the dispersed cables is defined as the Z-axis. The center point 3 of the dispersed cables is usually the key point where the cable ropes are dispersed in the suspension bridge and is closely related to the position and direction of the anchor pipe group. Y-axis: According to the principle of the right-hand coordinate system, the Y-axis is perpendicular to the plane where the X-axis and Z-axis are located, that is, the axis perpendicular to the horizontal line on the anchor base plate 5. Collect the theoretical three-dimensional coordinates of the anchoring points of each anchor pipe 7, the theoretical three-dimensional coordinates of the center at the top of the anchor pipe 7, and the theoretical three-dimensional coordinates of the known reference point 4 based on the engineering coordinate system. Use coordinate transformation formulas or software tools to transform the above coordinate data from the engineering coordinate system to the independent coordinate system of the anchor pipe group. This transformation process involves operations such as translation, rotation, or scaling to ensure that the transformed coordinates match the actual position and direction of the anchor pipe group. Establish a dedicated independent coordinate system for the anchor pipe group so that all relevant calculations and positioning work can be carried out in this unified coordinate system, avoiding errors and confusion caused by coordinate transformation. Through precise coordinate transformation, the accuracy and reliability of the original coordinate data in the independent coordinate system of the anchor pipe group are ensured. The establishment of the independent coordinate system of the anchor pipe group makes the subsequent calculations and positioning work more intuitive and convenient, helping to improve work efficiency and accuracy.

[0060] In one implementation manner, in S200, the following steps are included:

[0061] S201: The laser beams based on the theoretical axes of each anchor pipe are respectively projected onto the anchor base plate 5, and the anchor plates 6 are respectively installed and positioned on the anchor base plate 5;

[0062] S202: Each to-be-adjusted anchor pipe 7 is respectively installed on the anchor plate 6, as Figure 4 shown, and each transparent grid frame 8 is respectively installed at the top of each to-be-adjusted anchor pipe 7;

[0063] S203: The laser beams based on the theoretical axes of each anchor pipe are respectively projected onto the transparent grid frames 8 installed at the tops of each anchor pipe 7, and the actual deviation of the center at the top of each anchor pipe 7 is marked on each transparent grid frame 8. According to the actual deviation of the center at the top of each anchor pipe 7, the anchor pipe 7 is adjusted to be positioned.

[0064] In this embodiment, by projecting a laser beam onto the anchor base plate 5 and the transparent grid frame 8, precise positioning of the centers of the tops of each anchor plate 6 and the anchor pipe 7 is achieved. The straightness and high precision of the laser beam ensure the accuracy of the positioning. The actual deviation of the center of the top of the anchor pipe 7 is marked on the transparent grid frame 8, making the adjustment process visually observable. This greatly simplifies the adjustment work and improves work efficiency. The precise positioning of the anchor pipe 7 is the key to the overall stability of the suspension bridge. By this method, it can be ensured that the anchor pipe group is accurately installed according to the design requirements, thus guaranteeing the long-term safe operation of the bridge. Each step of positioning and adjustment is based on the theoretical axis, which effectively reduces the accumulation of errors and improves the accuracy of the entire positioning system. Utilize the straightness and high-precision characteristics of the laser beam as the benchmark for positioning and adjustment. The laser positioning technology has the advantages of non-contact, high precision, and high efficiency. Installing a transparent grid frame 8 at the top of the anchor pipe 7 provides a clear projection surface for the laser beam. At the same time, the grid structure of the grid frame facilitates the observation and marking of deviations, making the adjustment process more precise and convenient.

[0065] In one implementation, after S203, the following steps are included:

[0066] S204: When the anchor pipe 7 is constructed with segmented positioning, after the positioning of the top of the lower anchor pipe 7 segment is completed, the bottom ends of the other anchor pipe 7 segments are connected in sequence with the top ends of the already positioned anchor pipe 7 segments. The laser beam of the anchor pipe theoretical axis is repeatedly projected onto the transparent grid frame 8 installed at the top of the anchor pipe 7. The actual deviation of the center of the top of the anchor pipe 7 is marked on each transparent grid frame 8. According to the actual deviation of the center of the top of the anchor pipe 7, adjust the anchor pipe 7 to complete the positioning steps for segmented positioning construction.

[0067] In this embodiment, if the anchor pipe 7 is constructed by segmental positioning, that is, the anchor pipe 7 is not positioned as a whole, but is divided into multiple segments for positioning and construction in sequence. Then, after the positioning of the top end of the lower anchor pipe 7 segment is completed, the following operations need to be carried out: Connect the bottom ends of the other anchor pipe 7 segments to the top end of the anchor pipe 7 segment that has completed positioning. This requires that the connection between segments must be tight and flat to ensure the continuity and stability of the entire anchor pipe 7. For the top end of the newly installed anchor pipe 7 segment, repeat the operations in step S203. That is, the laser beam based on the theoretical axis of the anchor pipe is projected onto the transparent grid frame 8 installed at the top end of the anchor pipe 7, and the actual deviation of the center of the top end of the anchor pipe 7 is marked on the grid frame. According to the marked actual deviation, the newly installed anchor pipe 7 segment is finely adjusted to make its positioning accurate. And corresponding adjustments are made according to the magnitude and direction of the deviation. According to the above steps, the positioning construction of all anchor pipe 7 segments is completed in sequence to ensure the positioning accuracy and stability of the entire anchor pipe group. By segmental positioning construction, the positioning accuracy of each segment can be controlled more precisely, thereby ensuring the positioning accuracy of the entire anchor pipe group. Segmental construction makes the construction process more flexible, and the construction sequence and rhythm can be adjusted according to the actual situation to improve the construction efficiency. The positioning of each segment can be independently quality controlled and inspected to ensure that each segment meets the design requirements, thereby improving the quality level of the entire anchor pipe group. Segmental positioning construction is applicable to various complex environments, such as limited space, complex terrain, etc., and can better meet the actual construction needs.

[0068] In one implementation manner, before S100, the following steps are included:

[0069] S000: Based on the elevation difference between the actual elevation of the center of the laser total station 2 and the theoretical elevation of the cable dispersion center point 3, use the lifting device 1 to control the elevation of the center of the laser total station 2 to the cable dispersion center point 3.

[0070] In this embodiment, first, it is necessary to measure the elevation difference between the actual elevation of the center of the laser total station 2 and the theoretical elevation of the cable dispersion center point 3. According to the measured elevation difference, use the lifting device 1 to precisely control the laser total station 2 so that its center can be lifted to the same elevation as the cable dispersion center point 3. The lifting device 1 may be a hydraulic lifting platform, an electric lifting frame or other similar precise control devices. Step S000 is the key to ensuring the accuracy of the entire positioning process. If the center of the laser total station 2 fails to accurately align with the cable dispersion center point 3, then all subsequent positioning work will be based on a wrong foundation, resulting in a significant reduction in positioning accuracy. By precisely controlling the lifting and alignment of the laser total station 2, the time and difficulty of subsequent adjustment work can be greatly reduced, thereby improving the efficiency of the entire construction process. Accurate positioning is an important guarantee for construction safety. If the positioning is inaccurate, it may cause a large deviation in the installation position of the anchor pipe 7, which in turn affects the overall stability and safety of the bridge.

[0071] In one embodiment, in S000, the following steps are included:

[0072] S003: Based on the known elevation information of the known reference point 4, the inclined distance and vertical angle from the laser total station 2 to the known reference point 4, the actual elevation of the laser total station 2 is calculated using the triangulation principle.

[0073] S004: Based on the elevation difference between the actual elevation of the laser total station 2 and the theoretical elevation of the center point of the spreader cables 3, the lifting device 1 is used to control the lifting of the center of the laser total station 2 to the center point of the spreader cables 3.

[0074] In this embodiment, based on the known elevation information of the known reference point 4, the inclined distance and vertical angle from the laser total station 2 to the known reference point 4, the actual elevation of the laser total station 2 is calculated using the triangulation principle. The triangulation principle is one of the basic principles in surveying, which uses the geometric relationship of triangles to calculate the position or elevation of unknown points. In this step, the elevation information of the known reference point 4 is known, and the laser total station 2 can measure the inclined distance (i.e., the straight-line distance) and vertical angle (i.e., the angle with the horizontal plane) to this reference point. With these three known quantities, a right triangle can be constructed, and the properties of trigonometric functions (such as sine, cosine, etc.) are used to calculate the elevation difference of the laser total station 2 relative to the reference point. Finally, by adding the elevation information of the reference point and the calculated elevation difference, the actual elevation of the laser total station 2 can be obtained. Based on the elevation difference between the actual elevation of the laser total station 2 and the theoretical elevation of the center point of the spreader cables 3, the lifting device 1 is used to control the lifting of the center of the laser total station 2 to the center point of the spreader cables 3.

[0075] In step S003, the actual elevation of the laser total station 2 has been calculated. At the same time, the theoretical elevation of the center point 3 of the cable splay is also known. By comparing these two elevation values, the elevation difference between them can be calculated. Based on this elevation difference, the laser total station 2 is precisely controlled using the lifting device 1 (such as a hydraulic lifting platform, an electric lifting frame, etc.) so that its center can be lifted to the same elevation as the center point 3 of the cable splay. The lifting device 1 usually has high precision and stability, which can ensure that the center of the laser total station 2 is accurately lifted to the target elevation. By accurately calculating the actual elevation of the laser total station 2 and controlling its lifting to the center point 3 of the cable splay, the accuracy of subsequent positioning work can be greatly improved. This method is applicable to various complex terrains and construction environments. As long as the elevation information of the known reference point 4 can be obtained, elevation control can be carried out. Through the automated and precise elevation control process, the time for manual intervention and adjustment can be reduced, and the efficiency of the entire construction process can be improved. Accurate positioning and elevation control are important guarantees for construction safety and can avoid potential safety hazards caused by inaccurate positioning.

[0076] In one implementation, before S003, the following steps are included:

[0077] S002: Using the backsight function of the laser total station 2, aim at the known reference point 4, and measure the inclined distance and vertical angle from the laser total station 2 to the known reference point 4.

[0078] In this embodiment, by using the backsight function of the laser total station 2, it is aligned with the known reference point 4. The inclined distance (i.e., the straight-line distance) and the vertical angle (i.e., the angle between the laser beam and the horizontal plane) from the laser total station 2 to the known reference point 4 are measured. The laser total station 2 is usually equipped with a backsight function, which allows the instrument to accurately align and lock on a known point as a reference for subsequent measurements. Through the backsight function, it can be ensured that the measurement reference of the laser total station 2 is consistent with the known reference point 4, thereby eliminating measurement errors caused by the instrument's own deviation or external factors. The inclined distance is the straight-line distance from the laser total station 2 to the known reference point 4, and it is an important parameter for calculating the actual elevation of the laser total station 2. The vertical angle is the angle between the laser beam and the horizontal plane, which reflects the height position relationship of the laser total station 2 relative to the known reference point 4. By measuring these two parameters, it can provide the necessary data support for calculating the actual elevation of the laser total station 2 using the triangulation principle in the subsequent process. Step S002 is the basis for step S003. Only by accurately measuring the inclined distance and the vertical angle from the laser total station 2 to the known reference point 4 can the actual elevation of the laser total station 2 be calculated using the triangulation principle. At the same time, step S002 is also the key to ensuring the accuracy of the entire positioning process. If the measurements of the inclined distance and the vertical angle are inaccurate, then the actual elevation of the laser total station 2 calculated subsequently will also have errors, thereby affecting the accuracy of the entire positioning work.

[0079] In one implementation, before S002, the following steps are included:

[0080] S001: Install the lifting device 1 on the plane center of the center point 3 of the loose cables, and place the laser total station 2 on the lifting device 1.

[0081] In this embodiment, a lifting device 1 is installed at the plane center of the center point 3 of the scattered cables. A laser total station 2 is installed on the lifting device 1 to ensure that the total station can stably perform subsequent measurement work. The lifting device 1 is a key device for controlling the elevation of the laser total station 2. By installing the lifting device 1 at the plane center of the center point 3 of the scattered cables, it can be ensured that the laser total station 2 can accurately lift to the target elevation during subsequent measurement and positioning processes. The lifting device 1 usually has high precision and stability, can bear the weight of the laser total station 2, and can lift smoothly when needed. Installing the laser total station 2 on the lifting device 1 is to utilize the high-precision measurement function of the total station to perform subsequent measurements of inclined distance, vertical angle, and elevation. The laser total station 2 has the characteristics of automation, high precision, and high efficiency, can quickly obtain measurement data, and provide accurate information for the positioning work. Step S001 is the starting point of the entire positioning process, which provides the necessary conditions and preparations for the smooth progress of subsequent steps (such as S002, S003, S004, etc.). By installing the lifting device 1 and the laser total station 2 at the plane center of the center point 3 of the scattered cables, it can be ensured that the entire positioning process is based on the center point 3 of the scattered cables, thereby improving the accuracy and stability of the positioning. Step S001 provides an accurate reference point for the entire positioning process by determining the position of the laser total station 2. This helps to ensure the accuracy and consistency of subsequent measurements. The automated measurement function of the laser total station 2 greatly improves the measurement efficiency, reduces manual intervention and measurement time. The stability of the lifting device 1 and the high-precision measurement function of the laser total station 2 jointly enhance the stability of the positioning, making the positioning result more reliable. This method is applicable to various complex terrains and construction environments. As long as the lifting device 1 can be installed and the laser total station 2 can be installed, high-precision positioning work can be carried out.

[0082] In one embodiment, as Figure 2 shown, the lifting device 1 includes a driving servo motor 11, a threaded sleeve 12, a threaded rod 13, and a centering plate 14. The driving servo motor 11 is the power source of the lifting device 1, and it is responsible for providing rotational power to drive the threaded rod 13 to perform lifting motion. The driving servo motor 11 has the characteristics of high precision, high stability, and strong controllability, and can accurately adjust the rotation speed and direction according to the control signal, thereby realizing the precise control of the lifting device 1. The threaded sleeve 12 is a component used in cooperation with the threaded rod 13. It usually has internal threads and can form a screw pair with the external threads of the threaded rod 13. When the driving servo motor drives the threaded rod 13 to rotate, the threaded rod 13 will rise or fall along the threaded sleeve 12, thereby realizing the lifting function. The threaded sleeve 12 is fixed, and the threaded rod 13 performs lifting motion under the drive of the driving servo motor 11. The centering plate 14 is the top platform of the lifting device 1 and is used to install and fix the laser total station 2.

[0083] In one embodiment, as Figure 4 shown, the transparent grid frame 8 includes a round tube 81 and a transparent grid plate 82. The round tube 81 serves as the skeleton part of the transparent grid frame 8. The round tube 81 is sleeved on the top end of the anchor tube 7, providing overall structural support. It usually has sufficient strength and stiffness to ensure the stability and durability of the entire grid frame. The transparent grid plate 82 is the main visual part of the transparent grid frame 8. It is formed by a transparent plate and multiple lines thereon interwoven according to a certain pattern to form a mesh structure. The transparent plate is arranged on one end face of the round tube 81.

[0084] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present application. Unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "mounted", "connected", "connected to" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific situations.

[0085] It should be noted that in the present application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "including a..." does not exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the said element.

[0086] The above are only specific embodiments of the present application, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art. The general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but will be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A method for positioning anchor pipe groups in a suspension bridge tunnel, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: Based on the theoretical horizontal angle and vertical angle of each anchor pipe theoretical axis in the independent coordinate system of the anchor pipe group, a laser automatic total station is used to emit laser beams marking the theoretical axis of each anchor pipe respectively; The laser beam of the theoretical axis of each anchor pipe is projected onto the transparent grid frame installed at the top of each anchor pipe, and the actual deviation between the center of the top of each anchor pipe and the laser beam of the corresponding anchor pipe theoretical axis is marked on each transparent grid frame. According to the actual deviation of the center of the top of each anchor pipe, the anchor pipe is adjusted to be positioned.

2. The method for locating anchor pipe groups in a suspension bridge tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method uses a laser automatic total station to emit laser beams marking the theoretical axes of each anchor pipe based on the theoretical horizontal angle and vertical angle of each anchor pipe theoretical axis in the independent coordinate system of the anchor pipe group, including: Based on the three-dimensional coordinates of the anchor points of each anchor pipe in the independent coordinate system of the anchor pipe group, the theoretical three-dimensional coordinates of the center at the top of each anchor pipe and the theoretical three-dimensional coordinates of the known reference points, the theoretical horizontal angle and vertical angle of the theoretical axis of each anchor pipe in the independent coordinate system of the anchor pipe group are calculated; Based on the theoretical horizontal angle and vertical angle of each anchor pipe theoretical axis in the independent coordinate system of the anchor pipe group, a laser automatic total station is used to emit laser beams to mark the theoretical axis of each anchor pipe.

3. The method for locating anchor pipe groups in a suspension bridge tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method calculates the theoretical horizontal angle and vertical angle of the theoretical axis of each anchor pipe in the independent coordinate system of the anchor pipe group based on the three-dimensional coordinates of the anchor point of each anchor pipe in the independent coordinate system of the anchor pipe group, the theoretical three-dimensional coordinates of the center at the top of the anchor pipe and the theoretical three-dimensional coordinates of the known reference point, including: Based on the three-dimensional coordinates of the anchor points of each anchor pipe in the independent coordinate system of the anchor pipe group, the theoretical three-dimensional coordinates of the center at the top of each anchor pipe and the theoretical three-dimensional coordinates of the known datum reference point, the direction vector of the theoretical axis of each anchor pipe in the independent coordinate system of the anchor pipe group is determined by geometric calculation or coordinate conversion method; Based on the direction vector of each anchor pipe theoretical axis in the independent coordinate system of the anchor pipe group, the theoretical horizontal angle and vertical angle of each anchor pipe theoretical axis relative to the known benchmark reference point are calculated.

4. The method for locating anchor pipe groups in a suspension bridge tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that: Before calculating the theoretical horizontal angle and vertical angle of the theoretical axis of each anchor pipe in the independent coordinate system of the anchor pipe group based on the three-dimensional coordinates of the anchor point of each anchor pipe in the independent coordinate system of the anchor pipe group, the theoretical three-dimensional coordinates of the center at the top of the anchor pipe and the theoretical three-dimensional coordinates of the known reference point, the method further includes: With the center of the anchor plate as the origin, the horizontal line of the anchor plate as the X-axis, the straight line from the origin to the center of the loose cable as the Z-axis, and the axis on the anchor plate perpendicular to the horizontal line as the Y-axis, an independent coordinate system for the anchor pipe group is established; The theoretical three-dimensional coordinates of the anchor points of each anchor pipe, the theoretical three-dimensional coordinates of the center of the top of the anchor pipe and the theoretical three-dimensional coordinates of the known benchmark reference points based on the engineering coordinate system are converted into the theoretical three-dimensional coordinates of the anchor points of each anchor pipe, the theoretical three-dimensional coordinates of the center of the top of the anchor pipe and the theoretical three-dimensional coordinates of the known benchmark reference points in the independent coordinate system of the anchor pipe group.

5. The method for locating anchor pipe groups in a suspension bridge tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of projecting the laser beam of the theoretical axis of each anchor pipe onto a transparent grid frame installed at the top of each anchor pipe, marking the actual deviation between the center of the top of each anchor pipe and the laser beam of the theoretical axis of the corresponding anchor pipe on each transparent grid frame, and adjusting the anchor pipe to position it according to the actual deviation of the center of the top of each anchor pipe, comprises: Laser beams based on the theoretical axes of each anchor pipe are projected onto the anchor bottom plate respectively, and the anchor plates are installed in place on the anchor bottom plate respectively; Each anchor pipe to be adjusted is installed on the anchor plate, and each transparent grid frame is installed at the top of each anchor pipe to be adjusted; The laser beam based on the theoretical axis of each anchor pipe is projected onto the transparent grid frame installed on the top of each anchor pipe. The actual deviation between the center of the top of each anchor pipe and the laser beam of the corresponding anchor pipe theoretical axis is marked on each transparent grid frame. According to the actual deviation of the center of the top of each anchor pipe, the anchor pipe is adjusted to be positioned.

6. The method for locating anchor pipe groups in a suspension bridge tunnel according to claim 5, characterized in that: After the laser beams based on the theoretical axes of the anchor pipes are projected onto the transparent grid frames installed at the top ends of the anchor pipes, the actual deviations between the centers of the top ends of the anchor pipes and the corresponding laser beams of the theoretical axes of the anchor pipes are marked on the transparent grid frames, and the anchor pipes are adjusted to be positioned according to the actual deviations of the centers of the top ends of the anchor pipes, the method further includes: If the anchor pipe is positioned in sections, after the top of the lower anchor pipe segment is positioned, the bottom ends of the other anchor pipe segments are connected to the top of the anchor pipe segment that has been positioned, and the laser beam of the theoretical axis of the other anchor pipe segments is repeated at the top end and projected onto a transparent grid frame installed on the top end of the anchor pipe. The actual deviation of the center of the top end of the anchor pipe is marked on each transparent grid frame. According to the actual deviation of the center of the top end of the anchor pipe, the anchor pipe is adjusted to its positioning steps to complete the section-by-section positioning construction.

7. The method for locating anchor pipe groups in a suspension bridge tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before using a laser automatic total station to respectively emit laser beams marking the theoretical axes of each anchor pipe based on the theoretical horizontal angle and vertical angle of each anchor pipe theoretical axis in the independent coordinate system of the anchor pipe group, the method further includes: Based on the height difference between the actual elevation of the center of the laser automatic total station and the theoretical elevation of the center point of the scattered cable, the lifting device is used to control the lifting of the center of the laser automatic total station to the center point of the scattered cable.

8. The method for positioning anchor pipe groups in a suspension bridge tunnel according to claim 7, characterized in that: The method of controlling the center of the laser automatic total station to rise and fall to the center of the scattered cable by using a lifting device based on the height difference between the actual height of the center of the laser automatic total station and the theoretical height of the center of the scattered cable comprises: Based on the known elevation information of the known benchmark reference point, the slope distance and vertical angle from the laser automatic total station to the known benchmark reference point, the actual elevation of the laser automatic total station is calculated using the triangulation principle; Based on the height difference between the actual elevation of the laser automatic total station and the theoretical elevation of the center point of the scattered cable, the lifting device is used to control the center of the laser automatic total station to rise and fall to the center point of the scattered cable.

9. The method for positioning anchor pipe groups in a suspension bridge tunnel according to claim 8, characterized in that: Before calculating the actual elevation of the laser automatic total station based on the known elevation information of the known reference point, the slope distance and the vertical angle from the laser automatic total station to the known reference point by using the triangulation principle, the method further includes: Utilize the rear-sight function of the laser automatic total station to align with the known benchmark reference point, and measure the slope distance and vertical angle from the laser automatic total station to the known benchmark reference point.

10. The method for locating anchor pipe groups in a suspension bridge tunnel according to claim 9, characterized in that: Before using the rear-view function of the laser automatic total station to align with the known reference point and measure the slant distance and vertical angle from the laser automatic total station to the known reference point, the method further includes: Install a lifting device on the plane center of the center point of the scattered cable, and place the laser automatic total station on the lifting device.

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