A water transparency measuring device based on optical sensing technology

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of water transparency measurement, and in particular relates to a water transparency measurement device based on optical sensing technology, comprising a Secchi disc, a first connecting block fixedly connected at the center of the top circle of the Secchi disc, a first connecting ball rotatably mounted on the top of the first connecting block, a measuring rope fixedly connected to the top of the first connecting ball, a handheld device connected to the end of the measuring rope away from the Secchi disc, and a conical first counterweight provided at the bottom of the Secchi disc. The present invention can achieve dual detection of water transparency through a pressure sensor and a light intensity sensor, reducing errors in the manual detection process compared to existing manual measurement methods. At the same time, the second counterweight and the third connecting ball cooperate with the leveling function of the light intensity sensor to improve measurement accuracy, while also improving convenience during detection and achieving automated water transparency detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of water transparency measurement, and in particular relates to a water transparency measurement device based on optical sensing technology. Background Art

[0002] Water transparency refers to the degree to which water allows light to pass through it. Pure water is colorless and transparent. When water contains sediment, microorganisms, suspended solids, organic matter, and other substances, it becomes turbid, reducing its transparency. Reduced water transparency not only affects sensory properties but also impacts the life of aquatic organisms. Therefore, water transparency is an indicator of water quality.

[0003] The device commonly used to measure water transparency is a Secchi disk (black and white disk). A measuring string is attached to the center of the disk. To measure, the disk is immersed in the water until the black and white lines on the disk are just barely visible. The length of the string below the water surface at this point represents the water's transparency. Due to its simple measurement method, it is commonly used to determine the transparency or light transmittance of surface water and is widely used in environmental monitoring, water quality assessment, and aquaculture.

[0004] However, in actual operation, due to the overly simple structure of the Secchi disk, at least six errors or inconveniences will occur during testing: first, the Secchi disk immersed in water will drift and tilt under the action of the water flow, resulting in errors in the determination of the critical transparency value; second, the expansion and contraction of the rope will cause reading errors; third, the position, vision, and observation angle of the surveyor will also affect the measurement results; fourth, the intensity of external light will affect the measurement results; fifth, when the surveyor is on a bridge, on a boat, or far away from the water surface, the reading of the Secchi disk will be very inconvenient and the measurement error will be large; sixth, it relies on manual reading and cannot achieve automated measurement.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to invent a water transparency measuring device based on optical sensing technology to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In response to the above problems, the present invention provides a water transparency measuring device based on optical sensing technology to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A water transparency measuring device based on optical sensing technology includes a Secchi disc, a first connecting block fixedly connected to the top center of the Secchi disc, a first connecting ball rotatably installed on the top of the first connecting block, a measuring rope fixedly connected to the top of the first connecting ball, and a handheld device connected to the end of the measuring rope away from the Secchi disc. A conical first counterweight block is provided at the bottom of the Secchi disc, and the gravity of the first counterweight block is greater than the gravity of the Secchi disc. A second connecting block is fixedly connected to the top center of the first counterweight block, a second connecting ball is installed on the top of the second connecting block, and the second connecting ball is fixedly connected to the bottom center of the Secchi disc. Two grooves are symmetrically provided on both sides of the conical surface of the first counterweight block, and a light intensity measurement component is provided in one of the grooves. A pressure sensor is installed at the bottom of the first counterweight block, and a data cable is connected between the pressure sensor and the light intensity measurement component and the handheld device.

[0009] Furthermore, the light intensity measurement component includes a mounting shaft, on which a third connecting ball is fixedly sleeved, the third connecting ball is rotatably mounted on the top wall of the groove, and the top of the mounting shaft is located on the top of the first counterweight block, a through hole is provided through the top of the Secchi disk, the top of the mounting shaft is located in the through hole, a light intensity sensor is installed on the top of the mounting shaft, the top of the light intensity sensor is flush with the top surface of the Secchi disk, and the light intensity sensor is connected to the handheld device through a data cable, and the bottom end of the mounting shaft is fixedly connected to a conical second counterweight block, and the gravity of the second counterweight block is greater than the gravity of the light intensity sensor.

[0010] Furthermore, a floating ring is fixedly connected to the periphery of the Secchi disk, and the buoyancy generated by the floating ring is between the gravity of the Secchi disk and the gravity of the first counterweight.

[0011] Furthermore, the handheld device has a built-in PLC programmable logic controller, a battery and a GPS module, and a display screen and buttons are installed on the handheld device.

[0012] Furthermore, the bottom edge of the Secchi disk is evenly distributed with multiple cutting blades in an annular shape, and the multiple cutting blades are all located on the diameter of the Secchi disk. The end of the cutting blade close to the center of the Secchi disk is fixedly connected to a slider, and the slider is slidably installed on the bottom of the Secchi disk. The bottom of the slider is fixedly connected to a limiting block, and the bottoms of the multiple limiting blocks are provided with the same adjustment ring, and there is a gap between the bottom of the adjustment ring and the top of the first counterweight block. The inner edge of the adjustment ring protrudes upward, and the upward protruding part of the inner edge of the adjustment ring is rotatably connected to the bottom of the Secchi disk. A plurality of inclined strip limiting holes are opened through the adjustment ring, and the multiple limiting blocks are slidably installed in the multiple strip limiting holes in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0013] Furthermore, the length of the cutting blade is smaller than the projected length of the strip limiting hole perpendicular to the diameter direction of the Secchi disk, and when the limiting hole is located at the end of the strip limiting hole away from the center of the Secchi disk, the cutting blade can extend from the bottom edge of the Secchi disk.

[0014] Furthermore, a plurality of clasps are provided between the data cable and the measuring rope to connect the data cable and the measuring rope together, and the plurality of clasps are evenly distributed.

[0015] Furthermore, the mounting shaft, the third connecting ball and the second counterweight are installed in the same manner in the other groove. The mounting shafts, the third connecting ball and the second counterweight in the two grooves are symmetrical about the axis of the first counterweight, and a through hole is also provided at the top of the Secchi disk facing the current mounting shaft.

[0016] Furthermore, a plurality of U-shaped protective rods that are cross-woven together are provided on the periphery of the pressure sensor, and the U-shaped protective rods are fixedly connected to the bottom of the first counterweight.

[0017] The technical effects and advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0018] 1. The present invention can realize dual detection of water transparency through pressure sensor and light intensity sensor. Compared with the existing manual measurement method, it reduces the error in the manual detection process. At the same time, the second counterweight block and the third connecting ball can adjust the level of the light intensity sensor, thereby improving the measurement accuracy and the convenience of detection, and realizing the automation of water transparency detection.

[0019] 2. The present invention provides a floating ring. When the Secchi disk is placed in water, the floating ring can generate buoyancy on the disk, thereby enabling the disk to maintain a better horizontal state under the buoyancy of the floating ring. This ensures that when the tester observes the Secchi disk from the top, the Secchi disk can also be well maintained in a vertical position with the tester's observation line of sight, thereby improving the accuracy of the Secchi disk in detecting water transparency.

[0020] 3. The present invention is provided with a cutting blade. Before testing the water body, the adjusting ring can be rotated so that the cutting blade is pushed out from the bottom edge of the Secchi disk by the limit block of the strip limit hole. Therefore, when the Secchi disk enters or moves out of the water body, if there are aquatic plants around the Secchi disk, the cutting blade can cut the aquatic plants, thereby preventing the Secchi disk from being entangled by the aquatic plants. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of all structures except the measuring rope and the handheld device in the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 In the present invention Figure 2 The main view;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the first counterweight block, the second connecting block, the pressure sensor, the U-shaped protective rod and the light intensity measurement assembly in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 3D is a schematic diagram of the adjusting ring in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the structures of the Secchi disk, the second connecting ball, the floating ring and the cutting edge in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the pressure sensor, data cable and light intensity sensor in the present invention.

[0028] In the figure: 1. Secchi disk; 2. First connecting block; 3. First connecting ball; 4. Measuring rope; 5. Handheld device; 6. First counterweight; 7. Second connecting block; 8. Second connecting ball; 9. Light intensity measurement assembly; 91. Mounting shaft; 92. Third connecting ball; 93. Through hole; 94. Light intensity sensor; 95. Second counterweight; 10. Pressure sensor; 11. Data cable; 12. Floating ring; 13. Cutting blade; 14. Slider; 15. Limit block; 16. Adjustment ring; 17. Bar limit hole; 18. Snap ring; 19. U-shaped protective rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0030] The present invention provides Figures 1 to 7The device for measuring water transparency based on optical sensing technology shown in the figure comprises a Secchi disc 1, a first connecting block 2 being fixedly connected at the center of the top circle of the Secchi disc 1, a first connecting ball 3 being rotatably mounted on the top of the first connecting block 2, a measuring rope 4 being fixedly connected to the top of the first connecting ball 3, a handheld device 5 being connected to the end of the measuring rope 4 away from the Secchi disc 1, a first conical counterweight 6 being provided at the bottom of the Secchi disc 1, and the gravity of the first counterweight 6 being greater than the gravity of the Secchi disc 1, a second connecting block 7 being fixedly connected at the center of the top of the first counterweight 6, and the second connecting block 7 being A second connecting ball 8 is installed on the top, and the second connecting ball 8 is fixedly connected to the bottom center of the Secchi disk 1. Two grooves are symmetrically provided on both sides of the conical surface of the first counterweight 6, and a light intensity measurement component 9 is provided in one of the grooves. A pressure sensor 10 is installed at the bottom of the first counterweight 6. A data cable 11 is connected between the pressure sensor 10 and the light intensity measurement component 9 and the handheld device 5. The handheld device 5 has a built-in PLC programmable logic controller, a battery and a GPS module. A display screen and buttons are installed on the top of the handheld device, which can synchronously record the geographical coordinate information of the measuring station.

[0031] The light intensity measurement assembly 9 includes a mounting shaft 91, on which a third connecting ball 92 is fixedly sleeved, and the third connecting ball 92 is rotatably mounted on the top wall of the groove, and the top of the mounting shaft 91 is located on the top of the first counterweight 6. A through hole 93 is formed through the top of the Secchi disk 1, and the top of the mounting shaft 91 is located in the through hole 93. A light intensity sensor 94 is mounted on the top of the mounting shaft 91, and the top of the light intensity sensor 94 is flush with the top surface of the Secchi disk 1. The light intensity sensor 94 is connected to the handheld device 5 via a data cable 11. The bottom end of the mounting shaft 91 is fixedly connected to a conical second counterweight 95, and the gravity of the second counterweight 95 is greater than the gravity of the light intensity sensor 94.

[0032] 1. Calibration: Before using the present invention to detect the transparency of water, the light intensity sensor 94 needs to be calibrated. The specific calibration process is as follows:

[0033] Under normal light, according to the conventional method for measuring the transparency of the Secchi disk, the Secchi disk in the device is lowered from the water surface L0 to the position L1 where the black and white dividing line of the Secchi disk 1 cannot be distinguished by visual inspection. The light intensity at the two water depths L0 and L1 is recorded respectively, and the ratio of the light intensity of the latter to the former is calculated, that is, the attenuation rate KK<1;

[0034] 2. Detection: When using the present invention for detection, the specific detection process is as follows:

[0035] Arriving at the measurement point, the Secchi disk is placed flat on the water surface and the surface light intensity is measured. When the Secchi disk 1 is placed on the water surface, it can adaptively deflect with the first connecting ball 3 as the center under the pull of the first counterweight 6, so that the Secchi disk 1 can float horizontally on the water surface, avoiding measurement errors caused by the tilt of the Secchi disk 1 due to the bending and curling of the measuring rope 4;

[0036] The measuring rope 4 is then released to slowly sink the Secchi disk 1. As the Secchi disk 1 moves downward, the light intensity sensor 94 can be deflected about the third connecting ball 92 as the center of the circle under the pull of the second counterweight 95 on the mounting shaft 91, so that the light intensity sensor 94 always remains in a vertical state. Since the water surface can remain horizontal under the action of the earth's gravity, the light intensity sensor 94, which always remains in a vertical state, can always remain perpendicular to the horizontal, thereby avoiding measurement errors caused by the tilt of the light intensity sensor 94 and improving measurement accuracy. In addition, as the Secchi disk slowly sinks, the light intensity sensor 94 can continuously record the water depth value and the synchronous light intensity. When the received light intensity is exactly K times the surface light intensity, the water depth here is the transparency of the water body. Then the handheld device 5 can send a signal and record the final data on the display screen, and the measurement is completed.

[0037] The pressure sensor 10 of the device is used to measure water depth. As the Secchi disk sinks in the water, it continuously transmits water pressure signals back to the handheld device 5, which is converted into water depth information. The actual water depth is then measured by subtracting the distance between the bottom of the Secchi disk 1 and the pressure sensor 10 from the obtained water depth information.

[0038] The light intensity sensor 94 of this device is used to measure the light intensity in water. The attenuation of light in water follows an exponential decay law, with the light intensity being greatest at the surface of the water and gradually decreasing with increasing water depth. The attenuation coefficient of light in water is negatively correlated with its transparency; the greater the transparency, the smaller the attenuation coefficient.

[0039] The present invention can realize dual detection of water transparency through the pressure sensor 10 and the light intensity sensor 94. Compared with the existing manual measurement method, it reduces the error in the manual detection process, improves the measurement accuracy, and at the same time improves the convenience during detection, thereby realizing the automation of water transparency detection.

[0040] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a floating ring 12 is fixedly connected to the periphery of the Secchi disk 1, and the buoyancy generated by the floating ring 12 is between the gravity of the Secchi disk 1 and the gravity of the first counterweight 6;

[0041] When the Secchi disk 1 is placed in water, the float ring 12 can generate buoyancy for the Secchi disk 1, so that the Secchi disk 1 can better maintain a horizontal state under the buoyancy of the float ring 12. This ensures that when the tester observes the Secchi disk 1 from the top of the Secchi disk 1, the Secchi disk 1 can also be well maintained perpendicular to the tester's observation line of sight, thereby improving the accuracy of the Secchi disk 1 in detecting water transparency.

[0042] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the bottom edge of the Secchi disk 1 is evenly distributed with multiple cutting edges 13 in an annular manner, and the multiple cutting edges 13 are all located on the diameter of the Secchi disk 1. The end of the cutting edge 13 close to the center of the Secchi disk 1 is fixedly connected to a slider 14, and the slider 14 is slidably installed on the bottom of the Secchi disk 1. The bottom of the slider 14 is fixedly connected to a limit block 15. The bottom of the multiple limit blocks 15 is provided with the same adjustment ring 16, and there is a gap between the bottom of the adjustment ring 16 and the top of the first counterweight 6. The inner edge of the adjustment ring 16 The adjusting ring 16 protrudes upward, and the upwardly protruding portion of the inner edge thereof is rotatably connected to the bottom of the Secchi disk 1. The adjusting ring 16 is provided with a plurality of inclined strip-shaped limiting holes 17. The plurality of limiting blocks 15 are slidably installed in the plurality of strip-shaped limiting holes 17 in a one-to-one correspondence. The length of the cutting blade 13 is less than the projection length of the strip-shaped limiting hole 17 perpendicular to the diameter direction of the Secchi disk 1. When the limiting hole is located at the end of the strip-shaped limiting hole 17 away from the center of the Secchi disk 1, the cutting blade 13 can extend from the bottom edge of the Secchi disk 1.

[0043] By providing the cutting blade 13, before the water body is inspected, the adjusting ring 16 can be rotated, and as the adjusting ring 16 is rotated, the adjusting ring 16 can push the limiting block 15 through the hole wall of the strip limiting hole 17, so that the limiting block 15 drives the slider 14 to move along the strip limiting hole 17 in the direction away from the center of the Secchi disk 1, and as the slider 14 moves, the cutting blade 13 can be extended from the bottom edge position of the Secchi disk 1 under the drive of the slider 14, so that when the Secchi disk 1 enters or moves out of the water body, when there are water plants around the Secchi disk 1, the cutting blade 13 can cut the water plants, thereby preventing the Secchi disk 1 from being entangled by the water plants, and when the inspection is completed, as the Secchi disk 1 is taken out of the water body, the adjusting ring 16 can be rotated in the opposite direction, so that the cutting blade 13 can be retracted in the gap between the Secchi disk 1 and the first counterweight 6, thereby preventing the cutting blade 13 from causing accidental injury to the inspector.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, a plurality of clasps 18 are provided between the data cable 11 and the measuring rope 4 to connect the data cable 11 and the measuring rope 4 together, and the plurality of clasps 18 are evenly distributed;

[0045] By providing the clamping ring 18 , the data cable 11 and the measuring rope 4 can be bound together, thereby preventing the data cable 11 from being entangled with the Secchi disk 1 or other structures during the measurement process.

[0046] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the other groove is installed with a mounting shaft 91, a third connecting ball 92 and a second counterweight 95 in the same manner. The mounting shafts 91, the third connecting balls 92 and the second counterweight 95 in the two grooves are symmetrical about the axis of the first counterweight 6, and a through hole 93 is also formed at the top of the Secchi disk 1 facing the current mounting shaft 91.

[0047] By symmetrically arranging the mounting shaft 91, the third connecting ball 92 and the second counterweight 95 in the two grooves, the pulling force of the first counterweight 6 on the competition disc can be kept balanced during the process of the Secchi disc 1 measuring the transparency of the water body, thereby enabling the Secchi disc 1 to maintain better balance.

[0048] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the periphery of the pressure sensor 10 is provided with a plurality of U-shaped protective rods 19 that are cross-woven together, and the U-shaped protective rods 19 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the first counterweight 6;

[0049] By providing the U-shaped protection rod 19 , when the present invention is placed on the ground or moves downward in water, the U-shaped protection rod 19 can protect the pressure sensor 10 , thereby preventing the pressure sensor 10 from being damaged due to collision.

[0050] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same.

Claims

1. A water transparency measuring device based on optical sensing technology, comprising a Secchi disk (1), characterized in that: The center of the top of the Secchi disk (1) is fixedly connected to a first connecting block (2), a first connecting ball (3) is rotatably mounted on the top of the first connecting block (2), a measuring rope (4) is fixedly connected to the top of the first connecting ball (3), and a handheld device (5) is connected to the end of the measuring rope (4) away from the Secchi disk (1). A conical first counterweight (6) is provided at the bottom of the Secchi disk (1), and the gravity of the first counterweight (6) is greater than the gravity of the Secchi disk (1). The center of the top of the first counterweight (6) is fixedly connected to the measuring rope (4). There is a second connecting block (7), a second connecting ball (8) is installed on the top of the second connecting block (7), and the second connecting ball (8) is fixedly connected to the bottom center of the Secchi disk (1). Two grooves are symmetrically provided on both sides of the conical surface of the first counterweight block (6), and a light intensity measurement component (9) is provided in one of the grooves. A pressure sensor (10) is installed at the bottom of the first counterweight block (6), and a data cable (11) is connected between the pressure sensor (10) and the light intensity measurement component (9) and the handheld device (5); The light intensity measurement assembly (9) includes a mounting shaft (91), a third connecting ball (92) is fixedly sleeved on the mounting shaft (91), the third connecting ball (92) is rotatably mounted on the top wall of the groove, and the top of the mounting shaft (91) is located on the top of the first counterweight (6), a through hole (93) is opened through the top of the Secchi disk (1), the top of the mounting shaft (91) is located in the through hole (93), a light intensity sensor (94) is installed on the top of the mounting shaft (91), the top of the light intensity sensor (94) is flush with the top surface of the Secchi disk (1), and the light intensity sensor (94) is connected to the handheld device (5) through a data cable (11), and the bottom end of the mounting shaft (91) is fixedly connected to a conical second counterweight (95), and the gravity of the second counterweight (95) is greater than the gravity of the light intensity sensor (94); A floating ring (12) is fixedly connected to the periphery of the Secchi disk (1), and the buoyancy generated by the floating ring (12) is between the gravity of the Secchi disk (1) and the gravity of the first counterweight (6); The bottom edge of the Secchi disk (1) is evenly distributed with a plurality of cutting blades (13) in an annular shape, and the plurality of cutting blades (13) are all located on the diameter of the Secchi disk (1). The end of the cutting blade (13) close to the center of the Secchi disk (1) is fixedly connected with a slider (14), and the slider (14) is slidably mounted on the bottom of the Secchi disk (1). The bottom of the slider (14) is fixedly connected to a limiting block (15). The bottoms of the plurality of limiting blocks (15) are provided with the same adjusting ring (16), and there is a gap between the bottom of the adjusting ring (16) and the top of the first counterweight (6). The inner edge of the adjusting ring (16) protrudes upward, and the upward protruding portion of the inner edge of the adjusting ring (16) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the Secchi disk (1). The adjusting ring (16) is provided with a plurality of inclined strip limiting holes (17), and the plurality of limiting blocks (15) are slidably mounted in the plurality of strip limiting holes (17) in a one-to-one correspondence.

2. The water transparency measuring device based on optical sensing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The handheld device (5) has a built-in PLC programmable logic controller, a battery and a GPS module, and a display screen and buttons are installed on the handheld device.

3. The water transparency measuring device based on optical sensing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the cutting blade (13) is less than the projected length of the strip-shaped limiting hole (17) perpendicular to the diameter direction of the Secchi disk (1), and when the limiting hole is located at the end of the strip-shaped limiting hole (17) away from the center of the Secchi disk (1), the cutting blade (13) can extend from the bottom edge of the Secchi disk (1).

4. The water transparency measuring device based on optical sensing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of clamping rings (18) are provided between the data cable (11) and the measuring rope (4) to connect the data cable (11) and the measuring rope (4), and the plurality of clamping rings (18) are evenly distributed.

5. The water transparency measuring device based on optical sensing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The other groove is provided with a mounting shaft (91), a third connecting ball (92) and a second counterweight (95) in the same manner. The mounting shafts (91), the third connecting ball (92) and the second counterweight (95) in the two grooves are symmetrical about the axis of the first counterweight (6), and a through hole (93) is also provided at a position on the top of the Secchi disk (1) facing the current mounting shaft (91).

6. The water transparency measuring device based on optical sensing technology according to claim 5, characterized in that: A plurality of U-shaped protective rods (19) that are cross-woven together are provided on the periphery of the pressure sensor (10), and the U-shaped protective rods (19) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the first counterweight (6).

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