A method and system for optimizing a shape memory alloy lock washer

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of anti-loose gasket optimization, and provides a shape memory alloy anti-loose gasket optimization method and system. The method comprises the following steps: based on the initial size of the shape memory alloy anti-loose gasket, an initial three-dimensional model of the shape memory alloy anti-loose gasket is constructed, which is composed of a circular ring part and a bent part; the bent part is in a conical shape; based on the initial three-dimensional model of the shape memory alloy anti-loose gasket, a pre-constructed bolt model and a hole-plate model, the three are concentrically arranged to construct an overall structure finite element model; based on the overall structure finite element model, when the shape memory alloy anti-loose gasket material is known, the size of the shape memory alloy anti-loose gasket is taken as an optimization parameter, and a distributed loading mode is adopted to sequentially simulate the stress process in the pre-tightening stage and the tightening stage; the size corresponding to the minimum deformation amount of the shape memory alloy anti-loose gasket in the time period from the pre-tightening stage to the end of the tightening stage and reaching the set pre-tightening force threshold is selected as the optimal size.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of anti-loose gasket optimization, and particularly relates to a shape memory alloy anti-loose gasket optimization method and system. BACKGROUND

[0002] The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present application and do not necessarily constitute the prior art.

[0003] Bolt connection is the most common way of fastener connection at present, and is widely used in various industries such as machinery, aviation, power and the like. In the process of equipment operation, due to vibration, impact and alternating load and the like, the connecting bolt is inevitably loose and loose, which may cause serious accidents, resulting in not only great economic loss but also serious impact on people's life safety. Therefore, how to simply and effectively prevent the loosening of threaded connection has become a difficult problem to be solved at present.

[0004] Shape memory alloy (SMA) is a functional material that can restore its original shape under certain conditions. This property is mainly due to the thermal elastic martensitic phase transition, i.e. reversible crystal structure transition when the temperature changes. The shape memory effect and super-elasticity of shape memory alloy make it have significant advantages in anti-loose devices. The prior art does not consider the influence of deformation under the two continuous loading conditions of pre-tightening and tightening on the design optimization of shape memory alloy anti-loose gasket, thereby reducing the anti-loose ability and adaptability of shape memory alloy anti-loose gasket. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a shape memory alloy anti-loose gasket optimization method and system, which considers the influence of deformation under the two continuous loading conditions of pre-tightening and tightening on the design optimization of shape memory alloy anti-loose gasket, so as to improve the anti-loose ability and adaptability of shape memory alloy anti-loose gasket.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] The first aspect of the present application provides a shape memory alloy anti-loose gasket optimization method.

[0008] In one or more embodiments, a shape memory alloy anti-loose gasket optimization method is provided, comprising:

[0009] Based on the initial size of the shape memory alloy anti-loose gasket, an initial three-dimensional model of the shape memory alloy anti-loose gasket is constructed, which is composed of a circular ring part and a bent part; the bent part is conical;

[0010] Based on the initial three-dimensional model of the shape memory alloy anti-loose gasket, the pre-constructed bolt model and the hole steel plate model, the overall structure finite element model is constructed by concentrically arranging the three;

[0011] Based on the overall structure finite element model, when the material of the shape memory alloy anti-loose gasket is known, the size of the shape memory alloy anti-loose gasket is taken as the optimization parameter, and the stress process in the pre-tightening stage and the tightening stage is simulated and calculated in sequence by adopting the distributed loading mode.

[0012] The size corresponding to the minimum deformation of the shape memory alloy anti-loose gasket in the time period from the pre-tightening stage to the end of the tightening stage is selected as the optimal size of the shape memory alloy anti-loose gasket.

[0013] As an embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, the determination process of the optimal size of the shape memory alloy anti-loose gasket is as follows:

[0014] Under the requirement of reaching the set pre-tightening force threshold, the deformation cloud diagram of the shape memory alloy anti-loose gasket in the time period from the pre-tightening stage to the end of the tightening stage corresponding to different sizes is obtained.

[0015] The average deformation of the shape memory alloy anti-loose gasket in the junction range with the bolt head in each deformation cloud diagram is calculated as the deformation of the corresponding size.

[0016] The size of the shape memory alloy anti-loose gasket corresponding to the minimum deformation is selected as the optimal size of the shape memory alloy anti-loose gasket.

[0017] As an embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, the size of the shape memory alloy anti-loose gasket includes the inner hole diameter of the bending part, the transverse distance of the bending part, the inner-outer radius difference of the circular ring part of the upper contact surface, the inner-outer radius difference of the circular ring part of the lower contact surface and the height of the bending part; wherein the inner hole diameter of the bending part is determined by the construction condition, and the transverse distance of the bending part, the inner-outer radius difference of the circular ring part of the upper contact surface, the inner-outer radius difference of the circular ring part of the lower contact surface and the height of the bending part are optimization parameters.

[0018] As an embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, the chemical composition of the shape memory alloy anti-loose gasket contains Ni, Ti, V, C, N, H and O, and the corresponding mass percentages are 56.01wt.%, Re.wt.%, 0.47wt.%, 0.058wt.%, 0.004wt.%, 0.0009wt.% and 0.041wt.%.

[0019] The second aspect of the present application provides a shape memory alloy anti-loose gasket optimization system.

[0020] In one or more embodiments, a shape memory alloy anti-loosening washer optimization system comprises:

[0021] An initial three-dimensional model building module for building an initial three-dimensional model of a shape memory alloy anti-loosening washer based on initial dimensions of the shape memory alloy anti-loosening washer, the initial three-dimensional model consisting of a circular ring portion and a bent portion, the bent portion being conical;

[0022] A finite element model building module for building a whole structure finite element model based on concentric arrangement of the initial three-dimensional model of the shape memory alloy anti-loosening washer, a pre-built bolt model and a pre-built hole-plate model;

[0023] A stress simulation calculation module for simulating stress processes in a pre-tightening stage and a tightening stage in sequence by using a distributed loading method based on the whole structure finite element model and taking dimensions of the shape memory alloy anti-loosening washer as optimization parameters when material of the shape memory alloy anti-loosening washer is known;

[0024] An optimal dimension determination module for selecting dimensions corresponding to a minimum deformation of the shape memory alloy anti-loosening washer in a time period from the pre-tightening stage to the end of the tightening stage as optimal dimensions of the shape memory alloy anti-loosening washer when a set pre-tightening force threshold is reached.

[0025] As an embodiment of the second aspect of the present application, in the optimal dimension determination module, a determination process of the optimal dimensions of the shape memory alloy anti-loosening washer is as follows:

[0026] When a set pre-tightening force threshold is reached, deformation clouds of the shape memory alloy anti-loosening washer in a time period from the pre-tightening stage to the end of the tightening stage corresponding to different dimensions are obtained;

[0027] An average deformation in a joint range of the shape memory alloy anti-loosening washer and a bolt head in each deformation cloud is calculated as a deformation corresponding to the dimension;

[0028] A dimension of the shape memory alloy anti-loosening washer corresponding to a minimum deformation is selected as the optimal dimension of the shape memory alloy anti-loosening washer.

[0029] As an embodiment of the second aspect of the present application, the dimensions of the shape memory alloy anti-loosening washer include an inner hole diameter of the bent portion, a lateral distance of the bent portion, a difference between inner and outer radii of the circular ring portion of an upper contact surface, a difference between inner and outer radii of the circular ring portion of a lower contact surface and a height of the bent portion, wherein the inner hole diameter of the bent portion is determined by construction conditions, and the lateral distance of the bent portion, the difference between inner and outer radii of the circular ring portion of the upper contact surface, the difference between inner and outer radii of the circular ring portion of the lower contact surface and the height of the bent portion are optimization parameters.

[0030] In one embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention, in the force simulation calculation module, the chemical composition of the shape memory alloy anti-loosening gasket includes Ni, Ti, V, C, N, H and O, with corresponding mass percentages of 56.01 wt.%, Re.wt.%, 0.47 wt.%, 0.058 wt.%, 0.004 wt.%, 0.0009 wt.%, and 0.041 wt.%, respectively.

[0031] A third aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium.

[0032] A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in the shape memory alloy anti-loosening gasket optimization method described above.

[0033] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides an electronic device.

[0034] An electronic device includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the steps in the shape memory alloy anti-loosening gasket optimization method described above.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0036] This invention utilizes an initial three-dimensional model of a concentrically arranged shape memory alloy anti-loosening gasket, a bolt model, and a perforated steel plate model to construct an overall structural finite element model. Then, considering the influence of deformation under two continuous loading conditions of pre-tightening and tightening on the design optimization of the shape memory alloy anti-loosening gasket, and under the premise of reaching a set pre-tightening force threshold, the optimal size is determined to be the size corresponding to the minimum deformation of the shape memory alloy anti-loosening gasket during the time period from the start of the pre-tightening stage to the end of the tightening stage. This improves the anti-loosening ability and adaptability of the shape memory alloy anti-loosening gasket. Attached Figure Description

[0037] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0038] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the optimization method for shape memory alloy anti-loosening gaskets according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2(a) is a perspective view of the shape memory alloy anti-loosening gasket according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2(b) is a front view of the shape memory alloy anti-loosening gasket according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a shape memory alloy anti-loosening washer optimization system structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of an overall structure model and a calculation grid according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a nickel-titanium shape memory alloy plate according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 7 is a main strain distribution of a real-time measurement sample according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 8 is a stress-strain curve of the material measured according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Fig. 9(a) is a deformation cloud chart of a shape memory alloy anti-loosening washer in a pre-tightening stage according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Fig. 9(b) is a deformation cloud chart of a shape memory alloy anti-loosening washer in a tightening stage according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The present application will be further described below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

[0050] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative only, and is intended to provide further description in order to provide a further understanding of the application. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.

[0051] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments consistent with the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and / or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0052] Figure 1 is a flowchart of a shape memory alloy anti-loosening washer optimization method according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 1 The shape memory alloy anti-loosening washer optimization method according to the present embodiment can include:

[0053] S101, based on the initial size of the shape memory alloy anti-loose washer, an initial three-dimensional model of the shape memory alloy anti-loose washer is constructed, which is composed of a circular ring part and a bent part; the bent part is in the shape of a cone.

[0054] As shown in Fig. 2(a), a structure diagram of the shape memory alloy anti-loose washer is given. The circular ring part and the bent part in the shape memory alloy anti-loose washer are integrally prepared.

[0055] The size of the shape memory alloy anti-loose washer includes the inner hole diameter of the bent part, the transverse distance of the bent part, the inner and outer radius difference of the upper contact surface of the circular ring part, the inner and outer radius difference of the lower contact surface of the circular ring part and the height of the bent part; wherein the inner hole diameter of the bent part is determined by the construction condition, and the transverse distance of the bent part, the inner and outer radius difference of the upper contact surface of the circular ring part, the inner and outer radius difference of the lower contact surface of the circular ring part and the height of the bent part are optimization parameters, as shown in Fig. 2(b).

[0056] The initial three-dimensional model of the shape memory alloy anti-loose washer can be modeled by using general engineering finite element simulation software (such as ABAQUS), or other three-dimensional model software can be used to construct, which will not be described here.

[0057] S102, based on the initial three-dimensional model of the shape memory alloy anti-loose washer, the pre-constructed bolt model and the hole steel plate model, the three concentrically arranged to construct the whole structure finite element model.

[0058] Taking the initial size of the shape memory alloy anti-loose washer as an example: the inner hole diameter of the bent part R = 11mm, the height of the bent part V = 2mm, the transverse distance of the bent part H = 3mm, the inner and outer radius difference of the upper contact surface of the circular ring part H1 = 3mm, the inner and outer radius difference of the lower contact surface of the circular ring part H2 = 6mm, the bolt size is M20 standard size, and the steel plate size is 500mm x 500mm x 10mm, the whole structure model is obtained as shown in (a) of Fig. 3. Figure 5

[0059] When performing transient dynamic analysis of large deformation or high-speed dynamic loading, C3D8R eight-node tetrahedral element has high calculation accuracy and convergence, and this embodiment adopts the element to perform mesh division on the structure model "reduced integration". In order to reduce the calculation amount, the mesh size of the washer part is smaller, and the mesh size of the bolt and the steel plate part is slightly larger, and the calculation grid is obtained as shown in (b) of Fig. 3. Figure 5

[0060] S103, based on the whole structure finite element model, when the material of the shape memory alloy anti-loose washer is known, taking the size of the shape memory alloy anti-loose washer as the optimization parameter, the stress process in the pre-tightening stage and the tightening stage is simulated and calculated in sequence by using distributed loading.

[0061] ​​In step S103, the material of the shape memory alloy anti-loosening washer contains Ni, Ti, V, C, N, H and O, and the corresponding mass percentages are 56.01wt.%, Re.wt.%, 0.47wt.%, 0.058wt.%, 0.004wt.%, 0.0009wt.% and 0.041wt.% respectively.

[0062] In this embodiment, the reason for selecting the material of the shape memory alloy anti-loosening washer as nickel-titanium is that the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy material has super-elastic properties. The simulation data verification is as follows:

[0063] When verifying the characteristics of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy material, the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy plate is cut into several samples according to the size requirements using a wire cut electrical discharge machine, and the samples are subjected to tensile testing at a strain rate of 2% / min using a CMT-30 type electronic universal testing machine, and the main strain distribution of the samples is measured in real time using an LVE-5M PRO type DIC video extensometer, Figure 6 As shown in FIG. 5, the stress-strain curve of the material is as shown in FIG. 6. Figure 7 Figure 8 As shown in FIG. 6.

[0064] The stress-strain curve is fitted (for example, fitted using Origin software), and the elastic modulus of the material is measured to be 584.08 GPa, and the yield strength is about 552 MPa. The material begins to undergo a phase transition from austenite to martensite at a strain of about 1.85%, and the material is completely transformed into martensite when the strain reaches 6.52%.

[0065] Specifically, the washer, bolt and hole steel plate are set to be "concentric" constrained, the upper and lower surfaces of the washer are in "frictional contact" with the lower surface of the bolt head and the upper surface of the steel plate respectively, the outer surface of the bolt is in "frictional contact" with the inner surface of the through hole of the washer and the steel plate, and the sliding friction coefficient of each surface is 0.2. The lower surface of the hole steel plate is "rigidly fixed".

[0066] The simulation calculation is performed in a distributed loading manner, simulating the "pretightening-tightening" two stages, taking the displacement of the contact surface between the bolt head and the washer as the control variable, and taking the downward displacement of the contact surface between the bolt head and the washer by 0.1 mm as the "pretightening" and the downward displacement of the contact surface by 1 mm as the "tightening".

[0067] S104, selecting the size corresponding to the minimum deformation of the shape memory alloy anti-loosening washer from the time period from the pretightening stage to the end of the tightening stage as the optimal size of the shape memory alloy anti-loosening washer.

[0068] Specifically, in step S104, the determination process of the optimal size of the shape memory alloy anti-loosening washer is as follows: ​

[0069] Step S1041: When the set pre-tightening force threshold requirement is reached, the deformation cloud atlas of the shape memory alloy lock washer corresponding to different sizes from the pre-tightening stage to the end of the tightening stage is obtained, as shown in FIGS. 9(a) and 9(b);

[0070] Step S1042: The average deformation of the shape memory alloy lock washer in the range of the interface between the bolt head in each deformation cloud atlas is calculated as the deformation of the corresponding size;

[0071] Step S1043: The size of the shape memory alloy lock washer corresponding to the minimum deformation is screened out, and the optimal size of the shape memory alloy lock washer is determined.

[0072] The size parameters of the designed washer have an influence on the load deformation characteristics of the washer. By comprehensively considering the technical indexes such as the deformation and stress of the washer and the production indexes such as the processing and assembly, the optimal size parameters of the shape memory alloy lock washer are determined as follows: the inner diameter R of the bending part is determined according to the construction condition, the height of the bending part is 2mm-3mm, the transverse distance of the bending part is 2mm-7mm, so that the bending angle of the washer is about 30°-65°, the difference between the inner and outer radii of the upper contact surface ring part is 2mm-4mm, and the difference between the inner and outer radii of the lower contact surface ring part is ≥2mm.

[0073] Figure 3 is a structure schematic diagram of a shape memory alloy lock washer optimization system in an embodiment of the present application. The embodiment corresponds to the shape memory alloy lock washer optimization method of Figure 1 , as shown in Figure 3 , the shape memory alloy lock washer optimization system in the embodiment can include:

[0074] An initial three-dimensional model construction module 301 is configured to construct an initial three-dimensional model of the shape memory alloy lock washer based on the initial size of the shape memory alloy lock washer, and the initial three-dimensional model is composed of a ring part and a bending part, and the bending part is in a conical shape.

[0075] A finite element model construction module 302 is configured to construct a whole structure finite element model based on the concentric arrangement of the initial three-dimensional model of the shape memory alloy lock washer, a pre-constructed bolt model and a hole-plate model.

[0076] A stress simulation calculation module 303 is configured to, based on the whole structure finite element model, perform simulation calculation on the stress process in the pre-tightening stage and the tightening stage by using a distributed loading method, when the material of the shape memory alloy lock washer is known, and taking the size of the shape memory alloy lock washer as the optimization parameter.

[0077] The optimal size determination module 304 is used to select the size corresponding to the minimum deformation of the shape memory alloy anti-loosening gasket during the time period from the start of the pre-tightening stage to the end of the tightening stage when the set pre-tightening force threshold is reached, as the optimal size of the shape memory alloy anti-loosening gasket.

[0078] Specifically, in the optimal size determination module 304, the process of determining the optimal size of the shape memory alloy anti-loosening gasket is as follows:

[0079] Under the condition of reaching the set preload threshold, obtain the deformation cloud map of the shape memory alloy anti-loosening gasket corresponding to different sizes during the time period from the start of the preload stage to the end of the tightening stage;

[0080] Calculate the average deformation of the shape memory alloy anti-loosening washer within the interface between the bolt head and the shape memory alloy anti-loosening washer in each deformation cloud diagram, and use it as the deformation of the corresponding size.

[0081] The shape memory alloy anti-loosening gasket size corresponding to the smallest deformation was selected and determined as the optimal size of the shape memory alloy anti-loosening gasket.

[0082] In the stress simulation calculation module 303, the dimensions of the shape memory alloy anti-loosening gasket include the inner diameter of the bent portion, the lateral distance of the bent portion, the difference between the inner and outer radii of the annular portion of the upper contact surface, the difference between the inner and outer radii of the annular portion of the lower contact surface, and the height of the bent portion.

[0083] In the stress simulation calculation module 303, the chemical composition of the shape memory alloy anti-loosening gasket includes Ni, Ti, V, C, N, H and O, with corresponding mass percentages of 56.01 wt.%, Re.wt.%, 0.47 wt.%, 0.058 wt.%, 0.004 wt.%, 0.0009 wt.%, and 0.041 wt.%, respectively.

[0084] It should be noted here that, Figure 3 The various modules in the shape memory alloy anti-loosening gasket optimization system, and... Figure 1 Each step in the optimization method for shape memory alloy anti-loosening gaskets corresponds to the previous one, and their specific implementation processes are the same, so they will not be repeated here.

[0085] Reference Figure 4 A schematic diagram of an electronic device is provided. It should be noted that... Figure 4 The electronic device 400 shown is merely an example and should not be construed as limiting the functionality and scope of use of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0086] like Figure 4As shown, the electronic device 400 includes a central processing unit (CPU) 401 which can perform various appropriate actions and processes in accordance with a program stored in a read only memory (ROM) 402 or a program loaded into a random access memory (RAM) 403 from a storage section 408. In the RAM 403, various programs and data required for system operation are also stored. The central processing unit 401, the ROM 402, and the RAM 403 are connected to each other through a bus 404. An input / output (I / O) interface 405 is also connected to the bus 404.

[0087] Connected to the I / O interface 405 are an input section 406 including a keyboard, a mouse, etc.; an output section 407 including a display such as a cathode ray tube (CRT), a liquid crystal display (LCD), etc., and a speaker, etc.; a storage section 408 including a hard disk, etc.; and a communication section 409 including a network interface card such as a local area network (LAN) card, a modem, etc. The communication section 409 performs communication processing via a network such as the Internet. A drive 410 is also connected to the I / O interface 405 as necessary. A removable media 411 such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, a semiconductor memory, etc. is attached to the drive 410 as necessary, so that a computer program read out therefrom is installed in the storage section 408 as necessary.

[0088] The central processing unit 401 in the electronic device of the present embodiment, when executing the program, realizes the steps in the method for optimizing a shape memory alloy lock washer as shown in Figure 1 The central processing unit 401 in the electronic device of the present embodiment, when executing the program, realizes the steps in the method for optimizing a shape memory alloy lock washer as shown in

[0089] In particular, according to embodiments of the present application, the processes described above with reference to the flowcharts can be implemented as a computer software program. For example, embodiments of the present application include a computer program product comprising a computer program carried on a computer readable medium, the computer program comprising program code for executing the method as shown in Figure 1 In such embodiments, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network by the communication section 409, and / or installed from the removable media 411. When the computer program is executed by the central processing unit 401, various functions defined in the apparatus of the present application are performed.

[0090] The computer program instructions corresponding to the method as shown in Figure 1 The computer program instructions corresponding to the method as shown in Figure 1 The computer program instructions corresponding to the method as shown in Figure 1 The computer program instructions corresponding to the method as shown in The computer program instructions corresponding to the method as shown in

[0091] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program. The program can be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and when the program is executed, the processes of the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be included. The storage medium can be a magnetic disc, an optical disc, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), or the like.

[0092] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications and changes to the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing shape memory alloy anti-loosening gaskets, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Based on the initial size of the shape memory alloy anti-loose washer, an initial three-dimensional model of the shape memory alloy anti-loose washer is constructed, which is composed of a circular ring part and a bent part; the bent part is in the shape of a circular cone; Based on the initial three-dimensional model of the shape memory alloy anti-loose washer, a pre-constructed bolt model and a hole-plate steel model are concentrically arranged to construct a whole structure finite element model; Based on the whole structure finite element model, when the material of the shape memory alloy anti-loose washer is known, the size of the shape memory alloy anti-loose washer is taken as an optimization parameter, and a distributed loading method is used to sequentially simulate and calculate the stress process in the pre-tightening stage and the tightening stage; The size corresponding to the minimum deformation of the shape memory alloy anti-loose washer in the time period from the pre-tightening stage to the end of the tightening stage is selected as the optimal size of the shape memory alloy anti-loose washer.

2. The method of optimizing a shape memory alloy lock washer of claim 1, wherein, The determination process of the optimal size of the shape memory alloy anti-loose washer is as follows: Under the requirement of reaching the set pre-tightening force threshold, the deformation cloud diagram of the shape memory alloy anti-loose washer in the time period from the pre-tightening stage to the end of the tightening stage corresponding to different sizes is obtained; The average deformation of the shape memory alloy anti-loose washer in the junction range with the bolt head in each deformation cloud diagram is calculated as the deformation of the corresponding size; The size of the shape memory alloy anti-loose washer corresponding to the minimum deformation is selected to determine the optimal size of the shape memory alloy anti-loose washer.

3. The method of optimizing a shape memory alloy lock washer of claim 1, wherein, The size of the shape memory alloy anti-loose washer includes the inner hole diameter of the bent part, the transverse distance of the bent part, the inner-outer radius difference of the circular ring part of the upper contact surface, the inner-outer radius difference of the circular ring part of the lower contact surface and the height of the bent part; wherein the inner hole diameter of the bent part is determined by the construction condition, and the transverse distance of the bent part, the inner-outer radius difference of the circular ring part of the upper contact surface, the inner-outer radius difference of the circular ring part of the lower contact surface and the height of the bent part are optimization parameters.

4. The method of optimizing a shape memory alloy lock washer of claim 1, wherein, The chemical composition of the shape memory alloy anti-loose washer includes Ni, Ti, V, C, N, H and O, and the corresponding mass percentages are 56.01wt.%, Re.wt.%, 0.47wt.%, 0.058wt.%, 0.004wt.%, 0.0009wt.% and 0.041wt.%.

5. A shape memory alloy lock washer optimization system, comprising: The method comprises the following steps: An initial three-dimensional model construction module is used to construct an initial three-dimensional model of the shape memory alloy anti-loose washer based on the initial size of the shape memory alloy anti-loose washer, which is composed of a circular ring part and a bent part; the bent part is in the shape of a circular cone; A finite element model construction module is used to construct a whole structure finite element model based on the initial three-dimensional model of the shape memory alloy anti-loose washer, a pre-constructed bolt model and a hole-plate steel model which are concentrically arranged; A stress simulation calculation module is used to sequentially simulate and calculate the stress process in the pre-tightening stage and the tightening stage based on the whole structure finite element model, when the material of the shape memory alloy anti-loose washer is known, the size of the shape memory alloy anti-loose washer is taken as an optimization parameter, and a distributed loading method is used; An optimal size determining module is configured to select, as the optimal size of the shape memory alloy lock washer, a size corresponding to the minimum deformation of the shape memory alloy lock washer in a time period from the start of the pre-tightening stage to the end of the tightening stage, when reaching a set pre-tightening force threshold.

6. The shape memory alloy lock washer optimization system of claim 5, wherein, In the optimal size determining module, the optimal size of the shape memory alloy lock washer is determined by: reaching a set pre-tightening force threshold, obtaining a deformation cloud atlas of the shape memory alloy lock washer in a time period from the start of the pre-tightening stage to the end of the tightening stage corresponding to different sizes; calculating the average deformation of the shape memory alloy lock washer in the interface range with the bolt head in each deformation cloud atlas as the deformation corresponding to the size; selecting the size of the shape memory alloy lock washer corresponding to the minimum deformation as the optimal size of the shape memory alloy lock washer.

7. The shape memory alloy lock washer optimization system of claim 5, wherein, The size of the shape memory alloy lock washer includes the inner hole diameter of the bending part, the transverse distance of the bending part, the difference between the inner and outer radii of the annular part of the upper contact surface, the difference between the inner and outer radii of the annular part of the lower contact surface, and the height of the bending part; wherein the inner hole diameter of the bending part is determined by the construction condition, and the transverse distance of the bending part, the difference between the inner and outer radii of the annular part of the upper contact surface, the difference between the inner and outer radii of the annular part of the lower contact surface, and the height of the bending part are optimization parameters.

8. The shape memory alloy lock washer optimization system of claim 5, wherein, In the stress simulation calculation module, the chemical composition of the shape memory alloy lock washer includes Ni, Ti, V, C, N, H and O, and the corresponding mass percentages are 56.01wt.%, Re.wt.%, 0.47wt.%, 0.058wt.%, 0.004wt.%, 0.0009wt.% and 0.041wt.%.

9. A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, characterized in that, The program is executed by the processor to implement the steps in the shape memory alloy lock washer optimization method of any one of claims 1-4.

10. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, The processor executes the program to implement the steps in the shape memory alloy lock washer optimization method of any one of claims 1-4.

Images