Microphone, electronic equipment and microphone pickup control method

Abstract

The invention discloses a microphone, electronic equipment and a microphone pickup control method. The microphone comprises the components of a housing which is provided with a sound hole; the sound pickup structure is arranged in the shell, and the sound pickup structure and the sound hole are oppositely arranged; the signal output structure is connected with the pickup structure and is used for outputting a sound signal of the pickup structure; wherein the pickup structure comprises a first pickup structure and a second pickup structure; the first pickup structure and the second pickup structure comprise electrets made of different materials, or the first pickup structure and the second pickup structure comprise coils with different diameters or elasticity moduli.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of communication technologies, and particularly relates to a microphone, an electronic device, and a microphone sound pickup control method. Background Art

[0002] Mobile terminals play a very important role in daily calls, videos, and conferences. The dual-microphone noise reduction technology in mobile terminals is the most commonly used noise reduction technology, and its principle is as follows: One microphone is used to collect human voices, while the other microphone is used to collect background noise.

[0003] During a normal voice call, the sound is close to the main microphone (microphone A), generating a relatively large audio signal Va. At the same time, the background sound pickup microphone (microphone B) will also receive some voice signals Vb, but Vb is smaller than Va. These two signals are processed by a differential amplifier to obtain Vm = Va - Vb. When there is background noise, since the noise source is far from the terminal, the noise intensities received by the two microphones are almost the same, that is, Va ≈ Vb. Therefore, Vm ≈ 0, effectively canceling the background noise and improving the call clarity.

[0004] Sometimes the background noise is not real noise. For example, in the conference mode, if the person speaking is far from the terminal or the voice is relatively low, then the other party will not be able to clearly hear the voice. Dual-microphone noise reduction usually requires the volume difference between the two microphones to be greater than 6 dB to eliminate environmental noise. For a person close to the speaker, it can meet the requirement of more than 6 dB. However, for a person speaking at a slightly farther distance, the volume difference is less than 6 dB and is filtered out by the differential amplifier. Therefore, in some complex multi-person scenarios, a good sound pickup and noise reduction effect cannot be achieved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the embodiments of this application is to provide a microphone, an electronic device, and a microphone sound pickup control method to solve the problem that the terminal microphone cannot achieve a good sound pickup and noise reduction effect in some complex multi-person scenarios.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, this application is implemented as follows:

[0007] In a first aspect, the embodiments of this application provide a microphone, including:

[0008] A housing, on which a sound hole is opened;

[0009] A sound pickup structure, which is arranged in the housing and is oppositely arranged with respect to the sound hole;

[0010] A signal output structure, which is connected to the sound pickup structure and is used to output the sound signal of the sound pickup structure;

[0011] Among them, the sound pickup structure includes: a first sound pickup structure and a second sound pickup structure; the first sound pickup structure and the second sound pickup structure include electrets with different materials, or the first sound pickup structure and the second sound pickup structure include coils with different diameters or elastic moduli.

[0012] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, including at least one of the above microphones.

[0013] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for controlling microphone sound pickup, which is applied to the above electronic device and includes:

[0014] When receiving a first input from a user to the control interface, controlling the sound pickup states of the first sound pickup structure and / or the second sound pickup structure of the microphone according to the first input;

[0015] The sound pickup states include: a working state and / or a non-working state.

[0016] In an embodiment of the present application, the sound pickup structure of the microphone includes a first sound pickup structure and a second sound pickup structure. The first sound pickup structure and the second sound pickup structure include electrets with different materials. By setting electrets with different materials, strong sound signals and weak sound signals can be respectively picked up; or the first sound pickup structure and the second sound pickup structure include coils with different diameters or elastic moduli. By setting coils with different diameters or elastic moduli, strong sound signals and weak sound signals can be respectively picked up. By setting a sound pickup structure for respectively picking up strong sound signals and weak sound signals, a better sound pickup effect and listening effect can be achieved in complex scenarios, enabling the microphone to effectively distinguish between noise reduction scenarios and weak sound scenarios, accurately implementing noise reduction, and thus improving the call effect.

[0017] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the following description, become apparent in part from the following description, or be learned through the practice of the present application. Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 is one of the schematic structural diagrams of the microphone according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 2 is one of the schematic diagrams of the sound pickup structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 3 is another schematic structural diagram of the microphone according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 4 is another schematic diagram of the sound pickup structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 5 is one of the schematic diagrams of the setting position of the control interface according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 6 It is the second schematic diagram of the setting position of the control interface in the embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 7 It is the flowchart of the microphone sound pickup control method in the embodiment of the present application.

[0025] Reference numerals: 1, housing; 11, sound hole; 111, dust-proof diaphragm; 2, sound pickup structure; 21, first sound pickup structure; 22, second sound pickup structure; 23, magnet; 24, magnetic control structure; 25, first differential amplifier circuit; 26, second differential amplifier circuit; 3, signal output structure; 31, back plate; 32, field effect transistor; 33, first differential amplifier circuit; 34, second differential amplifier circuit. Detailed implementation manners

[0026] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals indicate the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary only for explaining the present application and should not be construed as limiting the present application. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0027] The terms "first" and "second" in the description and claims of the present application may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more. In addition, "and / or" in the description and claims indicates at least one of the connected objects. The character " / " generally indicates an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after.

[0028] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application.

[0029] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "connected" and "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0030] The microphone of the embodiment of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] As Figures 1 to 4 shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a microphone, including:

[0032] A housing 1, on which a sound hole 11 is provided;

[0033] A sound pickup structure 2, which is arranged in the housing 1 and is disposed opposite to the sound hole 11;

[0034] A signal output structure 3, which is connected to the sound pickup structure 2 and is used to output the sound signal of the sound pickup structure 2;

[0035] Wherein, the sound pickup structure 2 includes: a first sound pickup structure 21 and a second sound pickup structure 22; the first sound pickup structure 21 and the second sound pickup structure 22 include electrets with different materials, or the first sound pickup structure 21 and the second sound pickup structure 22 include coils with different diameters or elastic moduli.

[0036] As Figure 1 Or Figure 3 shown, a sound hole 11 is provided on the housing 1 of the microphone. Optionally, a dust-proof diaphragm 111 can be arranged outside the sound hole 11 to prevent dust from entering and affecting the sound pickup effect. The sound pickup structure 2 is disposed opposite to the sound hole 11 and is used to obtain the sound signal entering from the sound hole 11. The signal output structure 3 is connected to the sound pickup structure 2 and is used to process and output the sound signal picked up by the sound pickup structure 2, and the processing such as converting the sound signal into an electrical signal, combining and processing multiple sound signals, etc.

[0037] Wherein, the sound pickup structure 2 includes a first sound pickup structure 21 and a second sound pickup structure 22. The first sound pickup structure 21 and the second sound pickup structure 22 can include electrets with different materials. For example: the first sound pickup structure 21 includes a first electret, and the second sound pickup structure 22 includes a second electret. As Figure 1As shown. Since the materials of the first electret and the second electret are different, the sound pickup functions that the first electret and the second electret can achieve are different. For example, the first electret is used to pick up weak sound signals, and the second electret is used to pick up strong sound signals. The signal output structure 3 is connected to the sound pickup structure 2 composed of the first electret and the second electret, and outputs a sound signal by processing the sound signal picked up by the first electret and / or the sound signal picked up by the second electret.

[0038] For example: The first electret and the second electret work simultaneously. The first electret picks up a weak sound signal, and the second electret picks up a strong sound signal. The signal output structure 3 can perform merging and / or amplification processing on the weak sound signal and the strong sound signal, and output the final sound signal. Another example: The first electret does not work, and the second electret works to pick up a strong sound signal. The signal output structure 3 can perform amplification processing on the strong sound signal and output the final sound signal.

[0039] Alternatively, the first sound pickup structure 21 and the second sound pickup structure 22 may include coils with different diameters or elastic moduli. For example: The first sound pickup structure 21 includes a first coil, and the second sound pickup structure 22 includes a second coil. The diameter of the first coil is smaller than that of the second coil. When a sound wave comes, the diameter and length of the coil change with the sound wave. The greater the vibration of the coil, the longer the length of the resistance wire of the coil and the smaller the diameter, and the greater the resistance. Therefore, the second coil is used to pick up strong sound signals, and the first coil is used to pick up weak sound signals.

[0040] For example: The elastic modulus of the first coil is smaller than that of the second coil. When a sound wave comes, the coil vibrates. The greater the elastic modulus of the coil, the greater the vibration amplitude. Therefore, the second coil is used to pick up strong sound signals, and the first coil is used to pick up weak sound signals.

[0041] The signal output structure 3 is connected to the sound pickup structure 2 composed of the first coil and the second coil, and can output corresponding weak sound signals and / or strong sound signals. For example: The first coil and the second coil work simultaneously. The first coil picks up a weak sound signal, and the second coil picks up a strong sound signal. The signal output structure 3 can perform merging and / or amplification processing on the weak sound signal and the strong sound signal, and output the final sound signal. Another example: The first coil does not work, and the second coil works to pick up a strong sound signal. The signal output structure 3 can perform amplification processing on the strong sound signal and output the final sound signal. Another example: The second coil does not work, and the first coil works to pick up a weak sound signal. The signal output structure 3 can perform amplification processing on the weak sound signal and output the final sound signal.

[0042] When noise reduction processing is required for a sound signal, two microphones need to work simultaneously to obtain two sound signals. For example, a microphone A is set at one end of an electronic device, close to the speaker, for picking up the speaker's call sound Va; a microphone B is set at the other end of the electronic device for picking up background noise Vb. These two sound signals are processed by a differential amplifier to obtain Vm = Va - Vb, achieving noise reduction. The sound pickup structures of the two microphones can be controlled separately to obtain sound signals.

[0043] In an embodiment of the present application, the sound pickup structure of the microphone includes a first sound pickup structure and a second sound pickup structure. The first sound pickup structure and the second sound pickup structure include electrets made of different materials. By setting electrets made of different materials, the strong sound signal and the weak sound signal can be picked up separately; alternatively, the first sound pickup structure and the second sound pickup structure include coils with different diameters or elastic moduli. By setting coils with different diameters or elastic moduli, the strong sound signal and the weak sound signal can be picked up separately. By setting the sound pickup structure for separately picking up the strong sound signal and the weak sound signal, a better sound pickup effect and listening effect can be achieved in a complex scenario, enabling the microphone to effectively distinguish between the noise reduction scenario and the weak sound scenario, accurately achieving noise reduction, and thus improving the call effect.

[0044] It should be noted that the "strong sound signal" and "weak sound signal" described in the embodiments of the present application can be divided based on the sound decibel. For example, a sound decibel less than a preset value is considered a weak sound signal, and a sound decibel greater than or equal to the preset value is considered a strong sound signal. The preset value of the sound decibel can be obtained through experiments based on the call sound scenario. The "strong sound signal" and the "weak sound signal" can be judged by the user based on the auditory perception, and there is no limitation in the present application.

[0045] As an optional embodiment, the first sound pickup structure 21 includes a first electret. The material of the first electret is a non-Newtonian fluid, and the first electret contains negative charges inside; the second sound pickup structure 22 includes a second electret. The material of the second electret is a polymer, and the second electret contains negative charges inside.

[0046] As Figure 1 shown, the first sound pickup structure 21 is a first electret, and the first electret is a non-Newtonian fluid injected with negative charges. The non-Newtonian fluid is composed of materials such as polyethylene, polyacrylamide, and polyvinyl chloride. The second sound pickup structure 22 is a second electret, and the second electret is a polymer injected with negative charges.

[0047] Among them, a non-Newtonian fluid refers to a fluid that does not satisfy Newton's viscosity experimental law, and the shear stress and shear strain rate of a non-Newtonian fluid do not have a linear relationship. When subjected to shear stress, the non-Newtonian fluid becomes thicker and thus exhibits properties similar to a solid; when the applied shear force disappears, the non-Newtonian fluid returns to its liquid state.

[0048] Based on the characteristics of the non-Newtonian fluid, when a weak sound comes, the first electret can deform, so it can pick up weak sound signals. Since the sound is weak and the acoustic wave vibration is small, the second electret cannot produce a large deformation; when a strong acoustic wave comes, the non-Newtonian fluid cannot quickly produce a large deformation and behaves like a rigid body, while the second electret can produce a large deformation, so it can pick up strong sound signals.

[0049] Optionally, the sound pickup structure 2 further includes: a magnet 23, the magnet 23 is arranged outside the second electret, and the first electret is arranged outside the second electret;

[0050] A magnetic control structure 24 is arranged in the housing 1, is spaced from the first electret, the magnet 23 and the second electret, and the magnetic control structure 24 covers the sound hole 11 on the housing.

[0051] The orthographic projection of the magnetic control structure 24 on the plane where the first electret and the second electret are located covers the magnet 23;

[0052] When the magnetic control structure 24 is connected to a power supply, it generates a magnetic field and generates an interaction force with the magnet 23.

[0053] In this embodiment, the sound pickup structure 2 further includes a magnet 23, and the magnet 23 is a magnetic material, such as a material containing elements Fe, Co, Ni and their alloys. As Figure 2 shown, the magnet 23 can be arranged between the first electret and the second electret, surround the outside of the second electret, and the first electret surrounds the outside of the magnet; or, the first electret and the second electret are separated by other materials or structures, and the magnet 23 is arranged on the surfaces of the first electret and the second electret facing the magnetic control structure 24. The setting position of the magnet 23 needs to ensure that it can interact with the magnetic control structure 24. Taking the case where the magnet 23 is arranged between the first electret and the second electret as an example, as Figure 1 shown, the cross-section of the sound pickup structure 2 composed of the first electret, the magnet and the second electret faces the sound hole.

[0054] The magnetic control structure 24 is a structure that can generate magnetism in the energized state, such as a coil. As Figure 1As shown, the magneto - control structure 24 covers the sound hole 11, and there is a gap between the magneto - control structure 24 and the sound - pickup structure 2 composed of the first electret, the magnet, and the second electret. When the magneto - control structure 24 is powered on, an interaction force, which can be an attractive force or a repulsive force, is generated between the magneto - control structure 24 and the magnet 23. Under the action of this interaction force, the magnet 23 drives the first electret to be in a tension state. Based on the characteristics of non - Newtonian fluid, the first electret cannot generate deformation, so the first electret fails, and the second electret can generate deformation.

[0055] When the magneto - control structure 24 is not powered on, the first electret can generate deformation under a weak - intensity sound signal to pick up the weak - sound signal; the second electret can generate deformation under a strong - intensity sound signal to pick up the strong - sound signal.

[0056] As an optional embodiment, the signal output structure 3 includes:

[0057] A back - plate 31, which is arranged inside the housing 1 and is located on the side of the first electret and the second electret away from the sound hole 11. The back - plate 31 forms a capacitor with the first electret and / or the second electret;

[0058] A field - effect transistor 32, which is connected to the back - plate 31.

[0059] The back - plate 31 can be a metal back - plate 31. As Figure 1 shown, the back - plate 31 is arranged at an interval from the sound - pickup structure 2 composed of the first electret and the second electret. The sound - pickup structure 2 composed of the first electret and the second electret acts as a vibrating plate and forms a capacitor with the back - plate 31. When a sound wave comes, the vibrating plate formed by the first electret and / or the second electret vibrates. When there is a relative displacement between the vibrating plate and the back - plate 31, a changing capacitance value is generated. The back - plate 31 is provided with air holes, and when the first electret and / or the second electret generates deformation, air flow can pass through the air holes. The back - plate 31 is connected to the field - effect transistor 32, and the field - effect transistor 32 acquires the voltage signal at both ends of the capacitor formed by the sound - pickup structure 2 and the back - plate 31, and can output the corresponding sound signal after amplifying the voltage.

[0060] Next, the working principle of the sound - pickup structure composed of the first electret and the second electret will be described.

[0061] In the default state, the magneto - control structure 24 can be in a power - off state, and the magneto - control structure 24 can be a coil.

[0062] In the weak sound scenario: When a relatively weak sound comes, due to the material properties, the deformation of the second electret is small, and the distance between the second electret and the back plate remains basically unchanged; since the shear stress of the non-Newtonian fluid and the shear strain rate are not linearly related, when a weak sound comes, the first electret can deform and drive the second electret to have a relative displacement with the back plate, thereby generating a changing capacitance ΔC1. At this time, a weak sound signal can be well obtained.

[0063] In the strong sound scenario: When a relatively strong sound comes, the deformation of the second electret is large, while the non-Newtonian fluid of the first electret cannot quickly generate a large deformation and behaves as a rigid body. At this time, the second electret has a relative displacement with the back plate, thereby generating a changing capacitance ΔC2. At this time, a strong sound signal can be well obtained.

[0064] By controlling the magnitudes of ΔC1 and ΔC2 in the structural design, the field effect transistor can generate almost the same electrical signal in both the weak sound scenario and the strong sound scenario, thereby improving the microphone sensitivity and avoiding reaching the acoustic overload point prematurely under strong sounds, thus greatly improving the dynamic range of the microphone.

[0065] When the magneto-control structure 24 is in the energized state, a mutual force is generated between the magneto-control structure 24 (such as a coil) and the magnet 23. Under the action of this force, the first electret is in a tensioned state. At this time, the function of the first electret fails, and only the second electret can vibrate normally. At this time, a strong sound signal can be picked up. In this case, the microphone is suitable for strong sound scenarios, such as the scenario where the speaker is relatively close to the terminal. In some other scenarios, such as the scenario where the speaker may be relatively far from the terminal, for example, the conference scenario, in this scenario, some sounds come from a relatively far position and the signal is relatively weak, and the microphone needs to pick up weak sound signals, and some sounds are relatively close to the microphone and strong sound signals need to be picked up. Then, the magneto-control structure 24 can be powered off, and the first electret is used to pick up weak sound signals, and the second electret is used to pick up strong sound signals.

[0066] In addition, the magnitude of the current of the magneto-control structure 24 can be controlled, thereby adjusting the weak sound and strong sound reception ratios. For example, when the magneto-control structure 24 is energized and the input current is controlled to decrease, the mutual force between the magneto-control structure 24 and the magnet 23 decreases, and the first electret can deform slightly, then some weak sound signals can be picked up; when the input current is controlled to increase, the mutual force between the magneto-control structure 24 and the magnet 23 increases, and the first electret gradually cannot deform and behaves as a rigid body, and the first electret cannot pick up weak sound signals. The second electret can deform normally in various scenarios, thereby controlling the ratio of the weak sound signals picked up by the first electret to the strong sound signals picked up by the second electret.

[0067] In this embodiment, by providing a first electret and a second electret made of different materials, the microphone can achieve the sound pickup ability in weak sound scenarios and / or strong sound scenarios, improve the dynamic range of the microphone's sound pickup, and thus achieve a higher sound pickup effect in crowded and complex scenarios. Moreover, it can effectively distinguish between weak sound scenarios and noise reduction scenarios, enhance the noise reduction ability, and improve the listening effect.

[0068] As an alternative embodiment, the first sound pickup structure 21 includes a first coil, the second sound pickup structure 22 includes a second coil, and the resistance wires of the first coil and the second coil are wound around the same core column.

[0069] The signal output structure 3 includes: a first differential amplifier circuit 33 and a second differential amplifier circuit 34; the first coil is connected to the first differential amplifier circuit 33, and the second coil is connected to the second differential amplifier circuit 34.

[0070] As Figure 3 shown, the first sound pickup structure 21 can be a first coil, the second sound pickup structure can be a second coil, and the diameters and / or elastic moduli of the first coil and the second coil are different. The variable resistance wires of the first coil and the second coil are made of a conductive material, such as a conductive PA6 carbon fiber composite material, and the resistance wires have a high elastic modulus.

[0071] Among them, the resistance wires of the first coil and the second coil have different diameters and / or elastic moduli. For example: the resistance wire of the second coil is thicker in diameter and larger in elastic modulus, and is used to pick up stronger vibrating sound waves; the resistance wire of the first coil is thinner in diameter and smaller in elastic modulus, and is used to pick up weaker vibrating sound waves.

[0072] As Figure 4 shown, the resistance wires of the first coil and the second coil are wound around the same core column and are spaced apart from each other. For example: the winding structures of the resistance wires of the first coil and the second coil are similar to a net, with many and dense windings. When a sound wave comes, the vibration amplitude of the resistance wire will change with the size of the sound wave, and the length and diameter of the resistance wire will also change accordingly. Therefore, the resistance value of the resistance wire will also change. The stronger the sound signal, the greater the vibration amplitude of the resistance wire, the longer the length and the smaller the diameter of the resistance wire, and the greater the resistance. Conversely, the weaker the sound signal, the smaller the vibration amplitude of the resistance wire, the smaller the length and the larger the diameter of the resistance wire, and the smaller the resistance.

[0073] The resistance wire of the first coil is connected to the first differential amplifier circuit 33, and the sound signal picked up by the first coil is output after being processed by the first differential amplifier circuit 33. For example, a weak sound signal picked up by the first coil is output. The resistance wire of the second coil is connected to the second differential amplifier circuit 34, and the sound signal picked up by the second coil is output after being processed by the second differential amplifier circuit 34. For example, a strong sound signal picked up by the second coil is output. By combining and processing the weak sound signal picked up by the first coil and the strong sound signal picked up by the second coil, the final sound signal is output. It should be noted that if one of the first coil and the second coil works, there is no need to combine and process the signals.

[0074] Optionally, the first differential amplifier circuit 33 includes: a first operational amplifier, a first resistor R1, a first charge pump, a first voltage terminal (reference voltage), and a first low dropout regulator (LDO);

[0075] The positive electrode of the first operational amplifier is connected to the first end of the first resistor R1 and one end of the first coil, and the other end of the first coil is grounded; the negative electrode of the first operational amplifier is connected to the first voltage terminal;

[0076] The second end of the first resistor R1 is connected to one end of the first charge pump, and the other end of the first charge pump is connected to the first voltage terminal; the first low dropout regulator and the negative electrode of the first operational amplifier are respectively connected to the first voltage terminal.

[0077] Optionally, the second differential amplifier circuit 34 includes: a second operational amplifier, a second resistor R2, a second charge pump, a second voltage terminal (reference voltage), and a second low dropout regulator (LDO);

[0078] The positive electrode of the second operational amplifier is connected to the first end of the second resistor R2 and one end of the second coil, and the other end of the second coil is grounded; the negative electrode of the second operational amplifier is connected to the second voltage terminal;

[0079] The second end of the second resistor R2 is connected to one end of the second charge pump, and the other end of the second charge pump is connected to the second voltage terminal; the second low dropout regulator and the negative electrode of the second operational amplifier are respectively connected to the second voltage terminal.

[0080] As Figure 4As shown in the figure, the first differential amplifier circuit includes a voltage-dividing resistor R1, a charge pump, a reference voltage, an LDO, and an operational amplifier. Among them, the positive electrode of the operational amplifier is connected to one end of the voltage-dividing resistor R1 and one end of the resistance wire of the first coil, and the other end of the resistance wire of the first coil is connected to the ground; the other end of the voltage-dividing resistor R1 is connected to one end of the charge pump, the other end of the charge pump is connected to the reference voltage, the reference voltage is also connected to the negative electrode of the operational amplifier, and the LDO is connected to the operational amplifier and the reference voltage respectively. The resistance wire and the voltage-dividing resistor are used for voltage division. When the resistance value of the resistance wire increases, the positive voltage of the operational amplifier becomes larger, thereby generating and outputting a weak sound signal.

[0081] The second differential amplifier circuit includes a voltage-dividing resistor R2, a charge pump, a reference voltage, an LDO, and an operational amplifier. Among them, the positive electrode of the operational amplifier is connected to one end of the voltage-dividing resistor R2 and one end of the resistance wire of the second coil, and the other end of the resistance wire of the second coil is connected to the ground; the other end of the voltage-dividing resistor R2 is connected to one end of the charge pump, the other end of the charge pump is connected to the reference voltage, the reference voltage is also connected to the negative electrode of the operational amplifier, and the LDO is connected to the operational amplifier and the reference voltage respectively. The resistance wire and the voltage-dividing resistor are used for voltage division. When the resistance value of the resistance wire increases, the positive voltage of the operational amplifier becomes larger, thereby generating and outputting a strong sound signal.

[0082] By setting the first coil and the second coil with different diameters and / or elastic moduli in this embodiment, the microphone can achieve the sound pickup ability in weak sound scenarios and / or strong sound scenarios, improve the dynamic range of the microphone sound pickup, and further achieve a higher sound pickup effect in complex scenarios with a large number of people. Moreover, it can effectively distinguish between weak sound scenarios and noise reduction scenarios and enhance the noise reduction ability.

[0083] The microphone of the embodiment of the present application can be applied to electronic devices such as mobile terminals and earphones to achieve better sound pickup and noise reduction.

[0084] For scenarios that require noise reduction, at least two microphones are set to pick up sound signals respectively. For example, microphone A and microphone B are set on an electronic device. Microphone A is used to pick up the sound signal when a user near the device speaks. For example, microphone A is set at a position on the electronic device close to the user's mouth; microphone B is used to pick up the surrounding environmental noise. For example, microphone B is set at the top of the electronic device far from the user's mouth. Taking the pick-up structures in microphone A and microphone B as electrets as an example, the magneto-control structures in microphone A and microphone B can be controlled to cut off power. Then, the first electret and the second electret in microphone A both work to output the first sound signal Va; the first electret and the second electret in microphone B both work to output the second sound signal Vb. These two sound signals are processed by differential amplification to obtain the finally noise-reduced sound signal.

[0085] In an embodiment of the present application, the pick-up structure of the microphone includes a first pick-up structure and a second pick-up structure. The first pick-up structure and the second pick-up structure include electrets made of different materials. By setting electrets of different materials, strong sound signals and weak sound signals can be picked up separately; or, the first pick-up structure and the second pick-up structure include coils with different diameters or elastic moduli. By setting coils with different diameters or elastic moduli, strong sound signals and weak sound signals can be picked up separately. By setting pick-up structures for separately picking up strong sound signals and weak sound signals, the microphone can effectively distinguish between noise reduction scenarios and weak sound scenarios, accurately achieve noise reduction, and thus improve the call effect.

[0086] An embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, including at least one of the above microphones.

[0087] Optionally, the electronic device further includes:

[0088] A control interface, which can be displayed on the call interface or the settings interface of the electronic device. The control interface can be in the form of a display window with touch function, buttons, etc.; the user can make a first input on the control interface according to the pick-up scenario, so as to control the pick-up state of the first pick-up structure and / or the second pick-up structure.

[0089] The control interface is used to receive the touch operation of the user. The control interface is shown, for example Figure 5 as can be displayed on the call interface, such as a "conference mode" touch button, or displayed on the settings interface, such as Figure 6 the "transparent", "noise reduction", "super noise reduction" and other mode buttons shown. The user can select the pick-up mode of the microphone for picking up strong sound signals or weak sound signals through the first input on the control interface according to the call requirements or call scenario. The electronic device can control and identify the user's needs according to the signal received by the control interface, so as to control the pick-up state of the first pick-up structure and / or the second pick-up structure.

[0090] Other components of the electronic device according to the embodiments of the present application, such as the housing, buttons, etc., and operations are known to those of ordinary skill in the art and will not be described in detail herein.

[0091] In the embodiments of the present application, a control interface is set in the call interface or the setting interface of the electronic device, and the user can perform a first input on the control interface according to needs. The control module controls the pickup states of the first pickup structure and / or the second pickup structure according to the first input of the user, and can adjust the pickup method according to the pickup scenario, thereby improving the pickup ability of the microphone in strong sound or weak sound scenarios, improving the dynamic range of the microphone pickup, and enhancing the noise reduction ability. By actively selecting the pickup ability, the user experience can be improved.

[0092] As Figure 7 shown, the embodiments of the present application further provide a microphone pickup control method, which is applied to the above-mentioned electronic device and includes:

[0093] Step 701, when receiving the first input of the user on the control interface, controlling the pickup states of the first pickup structure and / or the second pickup structure of the microphone according to the first input;

[0094] The pickup states include: working state and / or non-working state.

[0095] In this embodiment, the control interface is used to receive the touch operation of the user. The control interface can be displayed in the call interface, such as the "conference mode" touch button, or can be displayed in the setting interface, such as the mode buttons of "transparent", "noise reduction", "super noise reduction", etc. as Figure 5 shown. The user can select the pickup mode of the microphone according to the call requirements or the call scenario through the first input on the control interface, for picking up strong sound signals or picking up weak sound signals. According to the signal received by the control interface, the user's needs can be recognized, so as to control the pickup states of the first pickup structure and / or the second pickup structure. For example: the first pickup structure is used to pick up weak sound signals, and the second pickup structure is used to pick up strong sound signals. Figure 6 For example: in the conference mode, the speakers are at different distances from the terminal. In order to better pick up the sound signals at a farther distance, the user can click the "conference mode" button on the call interface to select the conference mode. After the control module receives the click input of the user, it can control the first pickup structure to be in the working state to pick up the weak sound signals at a farther distance; the second pickup structure is in the working state to pick up the strong sound signals at a closer distance. In this way, the sound signals at a farther distance and at a closer distance can be well obtained.

[0096]

[0097] ​For another example: In the normal call mode, that is, when the speaker is relatively close to the terminal, this is a strong sound scenario. However, there is noise in the background environment and noise reduction is required. The user can click Figure 6 the "super noise reduction" mode button shown in the figure, select the "super noise reduction" mode, and at this time, the two microphones of the electronic device work simultaneously. After receiving the user's click input, the control module recognizes that the user's requirement is to pick up the strong sound signal and noise reduction is needed, and then can control the second sound pickup structure of the microphone closer to the speaker to be in the working mode to collect the call sound at the position of the terminal microphone, and control the first sound pickup structure of the microphone farther from the speaker to be in the working mode to collect the background noise. The two collected sound signals can effectively cancel the background noise after being processed by the differential amplifier, improving the call clarity.

[0098] Optionally, the controlling the pickup states of the first and / or second sound pickup structures of the microphone according to the first input includes:

[0099] According to the first input, by controlling the on / off of the magneto-control structure and the power supply, control the pickup states of the first and / or second sound pickup structures;

[0100] Among them, when the magneto-control structure is connected to the power supply, the first sound pickup structure is in a non-working state; the second electret of the second sound pickup structure generates a first capacitance due to the relative displacement with the back plate 31 of the signal output structure 3 according to the sound signal.

[0101] When the magneto-control structure is disconnected from the power supply, the first electret of the first sound pickup structure generates a second capacitance due to the relative displacement with the back plate 31 of the signal output structure 3 according to the sound signal; and / or, the second electret of the second sound pickup structure generates a third capacitance due to the relative displacement with the back plate 31 of the signal output structure 3 according to the sound signal.

[0102] In this embodiment, the first sound pickup structure is the first electret and the second sound pickup structure is the second electret. The magneto-control structure can be a coil. When the magneto-control structure is powered on, a mutual force is generated between the magneto-control structure and the magnet. Under the action of this force, the first electret is in a tension state, and at this time, the first electret fails, and the second electret can vibrate normally and can pick up the strong sound signal. The microphone in this case is suitable for strong sound scenarios, such as the scenario where the speaker is relatively close to the terminal.

[0103] When the magneto-control structure is connected to the power supply, according to the characteristics of non-Newtonian fluid, the first electret is in a tension state and cannot deform or can only produce very weak deformation, which is a non-working state; the second electret can deform under a strong sound signal, so as to have a relative displacement with the back plate and generate capacitance, which is a working state. When the magneto-control structure is disconnected from the power supply, both the first electret and the second electret can deform, and have a relative displacement with the back plate to generate capacitance. At this time, both the first electret and the second electret can be in a working state.

[0104] Since the first electret and the second electret have different responses to different sound signals, in a weak sound scenario, such as when a weak sound signal comes, the deformation of the second electret is small, so the interval between the second electret and the back plate basically does not change; however, due to the characteristics of non-Newtonian fluid, the relationship between non-Newtonian fluid and shear strain rate is not linear. When a weak sound comes, the first electret can deform and drive the second electret to have a relative displacement with the back plate, thus generating a changing capacitance.

[0105] In a strong sound scenario, such as when a strong sound signal comes, the second electret can produce a large deformation, while the non-Newtonian fluid of the first electret cannot quickly produce a large deformation and behaves like a rigid body. Therefore, the second electret has a relative displacement with the back plate, thus generating a changing capacitance.

[0106] The working states of the first electret and the second electret are illustrated by examples below.

[0107] For example: In the normal call mode, the speaker is close to the terminal and the surrounding environment is relatively quiet, and noise reduction is not required. The user can click the Figure 6 "Transparency" mode button shown, select the "Transparency" mode. After the control module receives the user's click input and recognizes that the user's requirement is to pick up strong sound signals and no noise reduction is needed, it can control the magneto-control structure to be powered on, making the first electret in a non-working state and the second electret in a working state. The second electret can pick up the user's call sound signal.

[0108] Another example: In the conference mode, the speakers are at different distances from the terminal. At this time, it is a weak sound scenario and no noise reduction is required. To better pick up weak sound signals, the user can click the "Conference Mode" button on the call interface to select the conference mode. After the control module receives the user's click input and recognizes that the user's requirement is to pick up weak sound signals, it can control the magneto-control structure to be powered off, and the first electret can deform normally to pick up weak sound signals.

[0109] Another example: In the normal call mode, the speaker is close to the terminal and the surrounding environment is relatively quiet, and mild noise reduction is required. The user can click Figure 6The "noise reduction" mode button shown. When this "noise reduction" mode is selected and the electronic device receives the user's click input, if it recognizes that the user's requirement is to pick up strong sound signals and requires mild noise reduction, it can control the magneto-control structure of the microphone closer to the speaker to be energized, and control the input current of this magneto-control structure to be less than a preset value (less than the input current of the magneto-control structure in the transparent mode). Then, the interaction force between the magneto-control structure and the magnet is small, the first electret can deform weakly, and part of the weak sound signals can be picked up; the second electret can work normally to pick up strong sound signals. The two sound signals are output as the first sound signal after being combined and processed. The magneto-control structure of the microphone farther from the speaker is controlled to be powered off to pick up background noise and output the second sound signal. The noise-reduced sound signal is obtained through differential amplification processing of the first sound signal and the second sound signal.

[0110] Optionally, the controlling the pickup states of the first pickup structure and / or the second pickup structure of the microphone according to the first input includes:

[0111] According to the first input, by controlling the on / off connection between the first coil included in the first pickup structure and / or the second coil included in the second pickup structure and the differential amplification circuit, the pickup states of the first pickup structure and / or the second pickup structure are controlled;

[0112] Wherein, when the first coil is connected to the first differential amplification circuit, the first pickup structure is in the working state;

[0113] When the second coil is connected to the second differential amplification circuit, the second pickup structure is in the working state.

[0114] In this embodiment, the first pickup structure may be the first coil, and the second pickup structure is the second coil. Assuming that the diameter or elastic modulus of the first coil is smaller than that of the second coil, the first coil is used to pick up weak sound signals, and the second coil is used to pick up strong sound signals.

[0115] For example: In the normal call mode, the speaker is close to the terminal and the surrounding environment is relatively quiet without the need for noise reduction. The user can click Figure 6 the "transparent" mode button shown. When this "transparent" mode is selected and the electronic device receives the user's click input, if it recognizes that the user's requirement is to pick up strong sound signals and does not require noise reduction, it can control the second coil to be connected to the second differential amplification circuit and control the first coil to be disconnected from the first differential amplification circuit. Then, the second coil is in the working state and is used to pick up strong sound signals.

[0116] For another example: In the conference mode, when the speaker is far away from the terminal, weak sound signals are mainly picked up at this time. The user can click the "Conference Mode" button on the call interface to select the conference mode. After the control module receives the user's click input and recognizes that the user's requirement is to pick up weak sound signals, it can control the first coil to be connected to the first differential amplifier circuit for picking up weak sound signals from a distance. If there is no sound signal near or it is not necessary to pick up signals near, the second coil can be controlled to be disconnected from the second differential amplifier circuit.

[0117] For another example: In the conference mode, the speaker is at different distances from the terminal. To better pick up sound signals, the user can click the "Noise Reduction" button on the call interface. After the electronic device receives the user's click input, it can control the first coil to be connected to the first differential amplifier circuit for picking up sound signals from a distance; and control the second coil to be connected to the second differential amplifier circuit for picking up sound signals nearby.

[0118] In the embodiments of the present application, on the setting and control interface of the electronic device, the user can make a first input to the control interface according to the needs. The electronic device controls the pick-up states of the first pick-up structure and / or the second pick-up structure according to the user's first input, and can adjust the pick-up method according to the pick-up scenario, thereby improving the pick-up ability of the microphone in strong sound or weak sound scenarios, increasing the dynamic range of the microphone pick-up, and enhancing the noise reduction ability. By actively selecting the pick-up ability, the user experience can be improved.

[0119] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0120] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "comprising one..." does not exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising such element. In addition, it should be pointed out that the scope of the methods and devices in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, and may also include performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in a reverse order according to the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in an order different from that described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Additionally, the features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0121] From the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the above-described embodiment methods can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform. Of course, they can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a computer software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) and includes several instructions for causing a terminal (which can be a mobile phone, computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application.

[0122] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application. The scope of the present application is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A microphone, characterized in that: include: A shell body, wherein a sound hole is formed in the shell body; A sound pickup structure, the sound pickup structure is arranged in the housing and is arranged opposite to the sound hole; A signal output structure, the signal output structure is connected to the sound pickup structure and is used to output the sound signal of the sound pickup structure; The sound pickup structure includes: a first sound pickup structure and a second sound pickup structure; the first sound pickup structure and the second sound pickup structure include electrets made of different materials, or the first sound pickup structure and the second sound pickup structure include coils with different diameters or elastic moduli.

2. The microphone according to claim 1, characterized in that The first sound pickup structure includes a first electret, the material of the first electret is a non-Newtonian fluid, and the first electret contains negative charges; The second sound pickup structure includes a second electret, the material of the second electret is a high molecular polymer, and the second electret contains negative charges.

3. The microphone according to claim 2, characterized in that The sound pickup structure also includes: A magnet, wherein the magnet is arranged outside the second electret, and the first electret is arranged outside the second electret; A magnetron structure is arranged in the shell, and is spaced apart from the first electret, the magnet, and the second electret, and the magnetron structure covers the sound hole on the shell; The orthographic projection of the magnetron structure on the plane where the first electret and the second electret are located covers the magnet; The magnetic control structure generates a magnetic field when connected to a power source, and generates an interaction force with the magnet.

4. The microphone according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The signal output structure comprises: A back plate, disposed in the housing and located at a side of the first electret and the second electret away from the sound hole, the back plate and the first electret and / or the second electret forming a capacitor; A field effect tube is connected to the back plate.

5. The microphone according to claim 1, characterized in that The first sound pickup structure includes a first coil, the second sound pickup structure includes a second coil, and the resistance wire of the first coil and the resistance wire of the second coil are arranged around the same core column; The signal output structure includes: a first differential amplifier circuit and a second differential amplifier circuit; The first coil is connected to the first differential amplifier circuit, and the second coil is connected to the second differential amplifier circuit.

6. The microphone according to claim 5, characterized in that The first differential amplifier circuit includes: a first operational amplifier, a first resistor, a first charge pump, a first voltage terminal, and a first voltage regulator; The positive electrode of the first operational amplifier is connected to the first end of the first resistor and one end of the first coil, and the other end of the first coil is grounded; the negative electrode of the first operational amplifier is connected to the first voltage terminal; The second end of the first resistor is connected to one end of the first charge pump, and the other end of the first charge pump is connected to the first voltage end; the negative electrode of the first regulator and the first operational amplifier are respectively connected to the first voltage end.

7. The microphone according to claim 5, characterized in that The second differential amplifier circuit includes: a second operational amplifier, a second resistor, a second charge pump, a second voltage terminal, and a second voltage regulator; The positive electrode of the second operational amplifier is connected to the first end of the second resistor and one end of the second coil, and the other end of the second coil is grounded; the negative electrode of the second operational amplifier is connected to the second voltage terminal; The second end of the second resistor is connected to one end of the second charge pump, and the other end of the second charge pump is connected to the second voltage end; the negative electrode of the second regulator and the second operational amplifier are respectively connected to the second voltage end.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that: Comprising at least one microphone according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A microphone pickup control method, characterized in that: The electronic device as claimed in claim 8 comprises: When receiving a first input from a user to the control interface, controlling the sound pickup state of the first sound pickup structure and / or the second sound pickup structure of the microphone according to the first input; The sound pickup state includes: a working state and / or a non-working state.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that The controlling the sound pickup state of the first sound pickup structure and / or the second sound pickup structure of the microphone according to the first input comprises: According to the first input, the sound pickup state of the first sound pickup structure and / or the second sound pickup structure is controlled by controlling the on / off connection between the magnetic control structure and the power supply; Wherein, when the magnetic control structure is connected to the power supply, the first sound pickup structure is in a non-working state; the second electret of the second sound pickup structure is relatively displaced with the back plate of the signal output structure according to the sound signal, and a first capacitor is generated; When the magnetic control structure is disconnected from the power supply, the first electret of the first sound pickup structure is relatively displaced with the back plate of the signal output structure according to the sound signal, and a second capacitor is generated; and / or the second electret of the second sound pickup structure is relatively displaced with the back plate of the signal output structure according to the sound signal, and a third capacitor is generated.

11. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that The controlling the sound pickup state of the first sound pickup structure and / or the second sound pickup structure of the microphone according to the first input comprises: According to the first input, the sound pickup state of the first sound pickup structure and / or the second sound pickup structure is controlled by controlling the on / off connection between the first coil included in the first sound pickup structure and / or the second coil included in the second sound pickup structure and the differential amplifier circuit; Wherein, when the first coil is connected to the first differential amplifier circuit, the first sound pickup structure is in a working state; When the second coil is connected to the second differential amplifier circuit, the second sound pickup structure is in working state.

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