Display substrate, display device and high-precision metal mask plate

Abstract

The invention provides a display substrate, a display device and a high-precision metal mask plate. The display substrate comprises a first sub-pixel, a second sub-pixel and a third sub-pixel, in the first direction, the first sub-pixels and the third sub-pixels are alternately arranged to form a first sub-pixel row, and the second sub-pixels form a second sub-pixel row; the first sub-pixel rows and the second sub-pixel rows are alternately arranged in the second direction; the two first sub-pixels and the two third sub-pixels distributed in two adjacent rows and two adjacent columns form a 2 * 2 matrix, the two first sub-pixels and the two third sub-pixels in the matrix are located in different rows and columns, the center connecting lines of the two first sub-pixels and the two third sub-pixels form a virtual quadrangle, and the second sub-pixels are located in the virtual quadrangle; at least two of the distances between the centers of the two first sub-pixels and the center of the second sub-pixel in the virtual quadrangle and the distances between the centers of the two third sub-pixels and the center of the second sub-pixel are different. According to the invention, the brightness center arrangement of the virtual pixels is more uniform.

Description

[0001] This divisional application is for the invention with the application date of September 30, 2020, application number 202080002209.5, and invention title "Display Substrate, Display Device and High-Precision Metal Mask". Technical Field

[0002] The present disclosure relates to the field of display technologies, and particularly to a display substrate, a display device and a high-precision metal mask. Background Art

[0003] An organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display device includes a substrate, a light-emitting layer and a packaging and protecting layer. The light-emitting layer includes sub-pixels arranged in a matrix on the substrate. Each sub-pixel generally deposits an organic light-emitting material at a corresponding sub-pixel position on the array substrate through a fine metal mask (FMM). With the development of technology, people's requirements for the resolution of display devices are also getting higher and higher.

[0004] Currently, limited by the manufacturing level of FMM and the precision of the evaporation process, it is difficult to increase the high resolution by reducing the sub-pixel size and the pixel pitch. A commonly used method is the sub-pixel rendering (SPR) technology, that is, sharing sub-pixels at certain positions among different pixels to simulate a higher resolution with relatively fewer sub-pixels. SPR increases the aperture ratio of the light-emitting layer and improves the aperture ratio and lifespan of the display device. However, in the existing pixel arrangement structure, the virtual pixel brightness centers are usually unevenly arranged, so when displaying some texts and specific graphics, it inevitably brings a sense of granularity and distortion in the display. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present disclosure provides a display substrate, a display device and a high-precision metal mask to solve the problem that the virtual pixel brightness centers in the existing pixel arrangement structure are unevenly arranged, resulting in a sense of granularity and distortion in the display.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present disclosure adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display substrate, including: a first sub-pixel, a second sub-pixel and a third sub-pixel;

[0008] In a first direction, the first sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel are alternately arranged to form a first sub-pixel row, and the second sub-pixel forms a second sub-pixel row;

[0009] In a second direction, the first sub-pixel row and the second sub-pixel row are alternately arranged, and the first direction and the second direction are substantially perpendicular;

[0010] Two first sub-pixels and two third sub-pixels distributed in two adjacent rows and two columns form a 2×2 matrix. In the 2×2 matrix, the two first sub-pixels are located in different rows and different columns, the two third sub-pixels are located in different rows and different columns, and the central connection lines of the two first sub-pixels and the two third sub-pixels form a virtual quadrilateral, and the second sub-pixel is located within the virtual quadrilateral;

[0011] Among the distances from the centers of the two first sub-pixels corresponding to the same virtual quadrilateral and the centers of the two third sub-pixels to the center of the second sub-pixel respectively, at least two are different;

[0012] The third sub-pixel includes a symmetry axis along a first diagonal direction and a symmetry axis along a second diagonal direction, and the width of the third sub-pixel in the first diagonal direction is different from the width in the second diagonal direction; and / or, the first sub-pixel includes a symmetry axis along a first diagonal direction and a symmetry axis along a second diagonal direction, and the width of the first sub-pixel in the first diagonal direction is different from the width in the second diagonal direction;

[0013] Wherein, the second diagonal direction is substantially perpendicular to the first diagonal direction, and the second diagonal direction and the first diagonal direction intersect both the first direction and the second direction.

[0014] Optionally, the interior angle range of the virtual quadrilateral is 70°-120°.

[0015] Optionally, two first sub-pixels and two third sub-pixels corresponding to the same virtual quadrilateral enclose a second sub-pixel, and the shortest distances from other first sub-pixels and third sub-pixels outside the virtual quadrilateral to the second sub-pixel are all greater than the shortest distances from the two first sub-pixels and the two third sub-pixels to the second sub-pixel.

[0016] Optionally, among the distances from the centers of the two first sub-pixels corresponding to the same virtual quadrilateral and the centers of the two third sub-pixels to the center of the second sub-pixel respectively, the ratio range of any two is 0.7-1.3.

[0017] Optionally, the difference in the distances from the centers of the two first sub-pixels corresponding to the same virtual quadrilateral to the center of the second sub-pixel is less than the difference in the distances from the centers of the two third sub-pixels corresponding to the virtual quadrilateral to the center of the second sub-pixel.

[0018] Optionally, the differences in the distances from the centers of the two first sub-pixels corresponding to the same virtual quadrilateral to the center of the second sub-pixel are substantially equal.

[0019] Optionally, the distances from the centers of the two first sub-pixels and the centers of the two third sub-pixels corresponding to the same virtual quadrilateral to the center of the second sub-pixel are in the range of 20-60 μm.

[0020] Optionally, the first sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel have different shapes.

[0021] Optionally, both the first sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel are axisymmetric figures, and one axis of symmetry of at least one first sub-pixel and one axis of symmetry of at least one third sub-pixel are parallel and non-coincident; and / or,

[0022] The first sub-pixel has an axis of symmetry in the first diagonal direction, and the axes of symmetry of two adjacent first sub-pixels in the first diagonal direction do not coincide; and / or,

[0023] The third sub-pixel has an axis of symmetry in the first diagonal direction, and the axes of symmetry of two adjacent third sub-pixels in the first diagonal direction do not coincide.

[0024] Optionally, within at least one of the virtual quadrilaterals, the distances between the center of the second sub-pixel and the centers of the two third sub-pixels are not equal, and the distances between the center of the second sub-pixel and the centers of the two first sub-pixels are approximately equal;

[0025] Or

[0026] Within at least one of the virtual quadrilaterals, the distances between the center of the second sub-pixel and the centers of the two third sub-pixels are approximately equal, and the distances between the center of the second sub-pixel and the centers of the two first sub-pixels are approximately equal;

[0027] Or

[0028] Within at least one of the virtual quadrilaterals, the distances between the center of the second sub-pixel and the centers of the two third sub-pixels are approximately equal, and the distances between the center of the second sub-pixel and the centers of the two first sub-pixels are not equal.

[0029] Optionally, within at least one of the virtual quadrilaterals, the distance between the second sub-pixel and the center of the first third sub-pixel is L1, the distance between the second sub-pixel and the center of the second third sub-pixel is L2, and the distances between the second sub-pixel and the two first sub-pixels are both L1;

[0030] Or

[0031] Within at least one of the virtual quadrilaterals, the distances between the second sub-pixel and the two third sub-pixels and the distances between the second sub-pixel and the two first sub-pixels are both L1;

[0032] Or

[0033] Within at least one of the virtual quadrilaterals, the distances between the second sub-pixel and two of the third sub-pixels, and the distance between two of the first sub-pixels are both L2;

[0034] Or

[0035] Within at least one of the virtual quadrilaterals, the distances between the second sub-pixel and two of the third sub-pixels are both L1, the distance between the second sub-pixel and the first of the first sub-pixels is L1, and the distance between the second sub-pixel and the second of the first sub-pixels is L2;

[0036] Or

[0037] Within at least one of the virtual quadrilaterals, the distances between the second sub-pixel and two of the third sub-pixels are both L2, and the distances between the second sub-pixel and two of the first sub-pixels are both L1;

[0038] Wherein, L2 is greater than L1.

[0039] Optionally, the difference between L2 and L1 is greater than or equal to 1 μm, and the range of L1 is 12 - 30 μm.

[0040] Optionally, the virtual quadrilateral is a right trapezoid, two interior angles are 90°, and the other two interior angles are one obtuse angle and one acute angle.

[0041] Optionally, the ranges of all interior angles of the virtual quadrilateral are from 70° to 120°.

[0042] Optionally, some of the virtual quadrilaterals are first parallelograms, and some of the virtual quadrilaterals are second parallelograms. In the row direction and the column direction, the first parallelograms and the second parallelograms are arranged alternately, and at least one interior angle of the first parallelogram and the second parallelogram is different.

[0043] Optionally, the ranges of the acute angles of the first parallelogram and the second parallelogram are greater than or equal to 70° and greater than 90°.

[0044] Optionally, the difference in width between the third sub-pixel and / or the first sub-pixel in the first diagonal direction and the second diagonal direction is greater than or equal to 1 μm.

[0045] Optionally, the widths of the second sub-pixel in the first diagonal direction and the second diagonal direction are different.

[0046] Optionally, within the virtual quadrilateral, the second sub-pixel is substantially symmetric with respect to the center connection line of two adjacent third sub-pixels arranged in the first diagonal direction or the second diagonal direction, and is substantially symmetric with respect to the center connection line of two adjacent first sub-pixels arranged in the second diagonal direction or the first diagonal direction.

[0047] Optionally, four virtual quadrilaterals arranged in an array form a virtual polygon, and the first sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel are located at the vertices or on the sides of the second virtual polygon, and are alternately distributed at the side or vertex positions of the virtual polygon in the clockwise direction.

[0048] Optionally, within the virtual polygon, the centers of the third sub-pixels in the same row are substantially on a straight line parallel to the row direction, and / or the centers of the third sub-pixels in the same column are substantially on a straight line parallel to the column direction.

[0049] Optionally, within the virtual polygon, the centers of the second sub-pixels in the same row are substantially on a straight line parallel to the row direction, and / or the centers of the second sub-pixels in the same column are substantially on a straight line parallel to the column direction.

[0050] Optionally, the respective total opening areas of the third sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the first sub-pixel decrease in sequence. The total opening area of the first sub-pixel is x, the total opening area of the second sub-pixel is a*x, and the total opening area of the third sub-pixel is b*x, where 0.5 ≤ a ≤ 0.8 and 1 ≤ b ≤ 2.2.

[0051] Optionally, the shapes of the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel are selected from any one of a polygon, a circle, and an ellipse.

[0052] Optionally, the shapes of the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel are selected from any one of a quadrilateral, a hexagon, an octagon, a quadrilateral with rounded corners, a hexagon with rounded corners, an octagon with rounded corners, a circle, and an ellipse.

[0053] Optionally, the first sub-pixel is a red sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel is a green sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel is a blue sub-pixel.

[0054] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display device, including the display substrate of the first aspect above.

[0055] Optionally, the display device further includes a pixel defining layer, the pixel defining layer includes a plurality of pixel defining layer openings, each of the first sub-pixels, each of the second sub-pixels, and each of the third sub-pixels respectively corresponds to a pixel defining layer opening, and the shapes of the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel are substantially the same as the shapes of the openings of their corresponding pixel defining layers.

[0056] Optionally, the first sub-pixel includes multiple film layers, and at least part of the multiple film layers of the first sub-pixel covers the area outside the pixel defining layer opening; and / or, the second sub-pixel includes multiple film layers, and at least part of the multiple film layers of the second sub-pixel covers the area outside the pixel defining layer opening; and / or, the third sub-pixel includes multiple film layers, and at least part of the multiple film layers of the third sub-pixel covers the area outside the pixel defining layer opening.

[0057] Optionally, at least part of the shapes or areas of the pixel defining layer openings are different.

[0058] Optionally, at least part of the shapes or areas of the pixel defining layer openings corresponding to the first sub-pixel or the third sub-pixel are different.

[0059] Optionally, at least part of the shortest distances from the pixel defining layer openings corresponding to the first sub-pixel or the third sub-pixel to adjacent openings are not equal.

[0060] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a high-precision metal mask for manufacturing the display substrate in the first aspect above. The first sub-pixel includes multiple film layers, the second sub-pixel includes multiple film layers, and the third sub-pixel includes multiple film layers. The mask includes: a plurality of opening regions, and the plurality of opening regions include a first opening region corresponding to the shape and distribution of at least one film layer in the first sub-pixel, or a second opening region corresponding to the shape and distribution of at least one film layer in the second sub-pixel, or a third opening region corresponding to the shape and distribution of at least one film layer in the third sub-pixel.

[0061] The beneficial effects of the above technical solutions of the present disclosure are as follows:

[0062] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, on the one hand, by sharing sub-pixels, a higher resolution can be achieved. On the other hand, by setting the widths of the first pixel and / or the third sub-pixel in different oblique directions to be different, at least two of the distances from the centers of the two first sub-pixels and the centers of the two third sub-pixels in the virtual quadrilateral to the center of the second sub-pixel are different, so that the arrangement of the brightness centers of the virtual pixels is more uniform, avoiding the granularity and distortion of the display, and improving the display effect. On the other hand, without moving the positions of the sub-pixels, the displacement of the brightness centers of the virtual pixels can be achieved, with a lower cost. Description of the Drawings

[0063] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a pixel arrangement structure in the related art;

[0064] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a display substrate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0065] Figure 3 and Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a display substrate according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure;

[0066] Figure 4 and Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a display substrate according to Embodiment 2 of the present disclosure;

[0067] Figures 7 - 13 is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the display substrate according to the embodiment of the present disclosure and the opening region of the light-emitting layer;

[0068] Figures 14 - 15 is a schematic diagram of a display substrate according to Embodiment 3 of the present disclosure;

[0069] Figures 16 - 18 are respectively schematic diagrams of high-precision metal masks for fabricating the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel in the display substrate of the above embodiments;

[0070] Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the display substrate according to the embodiment of the present disclosure. Detailed Description of the Embodiments

[0071] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure. Apparently, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present disclosure. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the described embodiments of the present disclosure fall within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0072] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 which is a schematic diagram of a pixel arrangement structure in the related art, Figure 1Both the blue sub-pixel (B) and the red sub-pixel (R) are square. In this structure, in the (i - 1)-th row, the distance l1 between the brightness centers (the black dots in the figure) of the virtual pixel at the j-th column and the virtual pixel at the (j + 1)-th column is greater than the distance l2 between the brightness centers of the virtual pixel at the j-th column and the virtual pixel at the (j - 1)-th column. In the i-th row, the distance between the brightness centers (the black dots in the figure) of the virtual pixel at the j-th column and the virtual pixel at the (j + 1)-th column is less than the distance between the brightness centers of the virtual pixel at the j-th column and the virtual pixel at the (j - 1)-th column. As a result, when displaying a vertical line or an image mainly composed of vertical lines, there will be a perceptible sense of distortion and granularity to the human eye.

[0073] To solve the above problems, please refer to Figure 2 , an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display substrate, including: a first sub-pixel R, a second sub-pixel G, and a third sub-pixel B;

[0074] In the first direction, the first sub-pixel R and the third sub-pixel B are alternately arranged to form a first sub-pixel row, and the second sub-pixel G forms a second sub-pixel row;

[0075] In the second direction, the first sub-pixel row and the second sub-pixel row are alternately arranged, and the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular or substantially perpendicular;

[0076] Two first sub-pixels R and two third sub-pixels B distributed in two adjacent rows and two columns form a 2×2 matrix. In the 2×2 matrix, the two first sub-pixels R are located in different rows and different columns, the two third sub-pixels B are located in different rows and different columns, and the center connection lines of the two first sub-pixels R and the two third sub-pixels B form a virtual quadrilateral, and the second sub-pixel G is located inside the virtual quadrilateral;

[0077] Among the distances from the centers of the two first sub-pixels R corresponding to the same virtual quadrilateral and the centers of the two third sub-pixels B to the center of the second sub-pixel G, at least two are different;

[0078] The third sub-pixel B includes a symmetry axis along the first diagonal direction and a symmetry axis along the second diagonal direction. The width of the third sub-pixel B in the first diagonal direction is different from the width in the second diagonal direction (one is W1 and the other is H1), where the second diagonal direction is perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the first diagonal direction, and the second diagonal direction and the first diagonal direction intersect both the first direction and the second direction.

[0079] From Figure 2As can be seen, adjacent first sub-pixels R and third sub-pixels B in the same row, together with a second sub-pixel G in the next row, form a virtual pixel (the triangle in the figure), and adjacent virtual pixels in the same row share a first sub-pixel R or a third sub-pixel B.

[0080] In addition, as can also be seen from Figure 2 in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the difference in the distance between the brightness centers of adjacent virtual pixels in the same row is smaller than the difference in the distance between the brightness centers of adjacent virtual pixels in the same row in the related art, that is, the arrangement of the brightness centers of the virtual pixels in the embodiments of the present disclosure is more uniform.

[0081] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, on the one hand, by sharing sub-pixels, a higher resolution can be achieved. On the other hand, by setting the widths of the third sub-pixels in different diagonal directions to be different, at least two of the distances from the centers of the two first sub-pixels and the centers of the two third sub-pixels in the virtual quadrilateral to the center of the second sub-pixel are different, so as to achieve a more uniform arrangement of the brightness centers of the virtual pixels, avoid the granularity and distortion of the display, and improve the display effect. On the other hand, without moving the positions of the sub-pixels, the displacement of the brightness centers of the virtual pixels can be achieved, and the cost is relatively low.

[0082] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, optionally, at least two of the distances from the centers of the two first sub-pixels and the centers of the two third sub-pixels corresponding to the same virtual quadrilateral to the center of the second sub-pixel are the same.

[0083] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, optionally, the inner angle range of the virtual quadrilateral is 70° - 120°.

[0084] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, optionally, two first sub-pixels and two third sub-pixels corresponding to the same virtual quadrilateral surround a second sub-pixel, and the closest distances from other first sub-pixels and third sub-pixels outside the virtual quadrilateral to the second sub-pixel are greater than the closest distances from the two first sub-pixels and the two third sub-pixels to the second sub-pixel. The distance may be the boundary distance of the sub-pixel. In addition, if the shape of the sub-pixel has a rounded corner, there may be some deviation in the distance of the rounded corner part, so the distance size needs to consider the error brought by the rounded corner or the measurement error. For example, a deviation of about 3 microns is considered equivalent.

[0085] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, optionally, the ratio range of any two of the distances from the centers of the two first sub-pixels and the centers of the two third sub-pixels corresponding to the same virtual quadrilateral to the center of the second sub-pixel is 0.7 - 1.3.

[0086] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, optionally, the difference in the distances from the centers of the two first sub-pixels corresponding to the same virtual quadrilateral to the center of the second sub-pixel is less than the difference in the distances from the centers of the two third sub-pixels corresponding to the same virtual quadrilateral to the center of the second sub-pixel.

[0087] Further optionally, the distances from the centers of the two first sub-pixels corresponding to the same virtual quadrilateral to the center of the second sub-pixel are equal or approximately equal.

[0088] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, optionally, the difference in the distances from the centers of the two first sub-pixels corresponding to the same virtual quadrilateral to the center of the second sub-pixel is less than the difference in the distances from the centers of the two third sub-pixels corresponding to the same virtual quadrilateral to the center of the second sub-pixel.

[0089] Optionally, the distances from the centers of the two first sub-pixels and the centers of the two third sub-pixels corresponding to the same virtual quadrilateral to the center of the second sub-pixel are in the range of 20 - 60 μm. Further optionally, the distances from the centers of the two first sub-pixels and the centers of the two third sub-pixels corresponding to the same virtual quadrilateral to the center of the second sub-pixel are in the range of 25 - 50 μm, or 30 - 48 μm.

[0090] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, optionally, the first sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel have different shapes. For example, one of them is square and the other is rectangular, or both the first sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel are rectangular, but have different aspect ratios.

[0091] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, optionally, when the first sub-pixel and / or the third sub-pixel is rectangular, the aspect ratio can be 1.2 - 1.8.

[0092] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, optionally, the aspect ratio of the second sub-pixel can be 1.2 - 1.3.

[0093] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, optionally, both the first sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel are axisymmetric figures, and one axis of symmetry of at least one first sub-pixel and one axis of symmetry of at least one third sub-pixel are parallel and non-coincident; and / or,

[0094] The first sub-pixel has an axis of symmetry in the first diagonal direction, and the axes of symmetry of two adjacent first sub-pixels in the first diagonal direction do not coincide; and / or,

[0095] The third sub-pixel has an axis of symmetry in the first diagonal direction, and the axes of symmetry of two adjacent third sub-pixels in the first diagonal direction do not coincide.

[0096] In the above embodiments, it is mentioned that in the virtual quadrilateral, among the distances from the centers of the two first sub-pixels R and the centers of the two third sub-pixels B to the center of the second sub-pixel G, at least two are different. The following is an example for illustration.

[0097] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, optionally, please refer to Figure 3 , in the first embodiment of the present disclosure, within at least one of the virtual quadrilaterals (see Figure 3 the two virtual quadrilaterals on the left), the distance D1 between the center of the second sub-pixel G and the center of the first third sub-pixel B is not equal to the distance D2 between the center of the second sub-pixel G and the center of the second third sub-pixel B. The distance between the center of the second sub-pixel G and the center of the first first sub-pixel R is approximately equal to the distance between the center of the second sub-pixel G and the center of the second first sub-pixel R, and both are D3. Optionally, D2 is greater than D1. Optionally, D1 is greater than D3.

[0098] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, optionally, please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , within at least one of the virtual quadrilaterals (see Figure 3 the two virtual quadrilaterals on the right, Figure 4 the virtual quadrilateral in), the distances between the center of the second sub-pixel and the centers of the two third sub-pixels are approximately equal, both being D1 or D2, and the distances between the center of the second sub-pixel and the centers of the two first sub-pixels are approximately equal, both being D3. Optionally, D2 is greater than D1. Optionally, D1 is greater than D3.

[0099] In the above Figure 3 shown in the first embodiment, the widths of the third sub-pixels B in the same row in the first diagonal direction are the same (i.e., the directions of the long sides are the same), the widths of the third sub-pixels B in the same column in the first diagonal direction are the same (i.e., the directions of the long sides are the same), and the widths of the third sub-pixels B in adjacent rows and adjacent columns in the first diagonal direction are different (i.e., the directions of the long sides are perpendicular or approximately perpendicular to each other, Figure 3 the direction of the long side is indicated by a dashed arrow in).

[0100] In the above Figure 4 shown in the second embodiment, the widths of all the third sub-pixels B in the first diagonal direction are the same (i.e., the directions of the long sides are all the same, Figure 4 the direction of the long side is indicated by a dashed arrow in).

[0101] In the above Figure 3 and Figure 4In the illustrated embodiment, the first sub-pixel R and the third sub-pixel B in the same row are not on the same straight line, and the first sub-pixel R and the third sub-pixel B in the same column are not on the same straight line.

[0102] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, four virtual quadrilaterals arranged in an array form a virtual polygon (which can be a virtual quadrilateral or a virtual octagon, etc.), and the first sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel are located at the vertices or on the sides of the virtual polygon, and are alternately distributed along the clockwise direction at the positions of the sides or vertices of the virtual polygon.

[0103] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, within the virtual polygon, the centers of the third sub-pixels in the same row are substantially on a straight line parallel to the row direction, and / or the centers of the third sub-pixels in the same column are substantially on a straight line parallel to the column direction.

[0104] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, within the virtual polygon, the centers of the second sub-pixels in the same row are substantially on a straight line parallel to the row direction, and / or the centers of the second sub-pixels in the same column are substantially on a straight line parallel to the column direction.

[0105] The above Figure 3 and Figure 4 In the illustrated embodiment, four virtual quadrilaterals arranged in an array form a virtual octagon, and the virtual octagon serves as a repeating unit. The centers of the four first sub-pixels R and the four third sub-pixels B are located at the vertices of the virtual octagon, and the first sub-pixels R and the third sub-pixels B are arranged alternately in the clockwise direction. One of the third sub-pixels B is located at the center of the virtual octagon.

[0106] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, optionally, within the virtual quadrilateral, the second sub-pixel G is substantially symmetric with respect to the center connection line of the third sub-pixels B arranged adjacent to each other in the first diagonal direction or the second diagonal direction, that is, the second sub-pixel G is on the symmetry axis of the two third sub-pixels B. Optionally, as Figure 5 shown, the width of one of the third sub-pixels B in the direction of the symmetry axis is less than the width in the direction of the other symmetry axis, and the width of the other third sub-pixel B in the direction of the symmetry axis is greater than the width in the direction of the other symmetry axis (that is, the long sides of the two third sub-pixels B in the virtual quadrilateral are perpendicular or substantially perpendicular), or, as Figure 6 shown, the widths of the two third sub-pixels B in the direction of the symmetry axis are both less than the widths in the direction of the other symmetry axis (that is, the long sides of the two third sub-pixels B in the virtual quadrilateral are parallel).

[0107] In different cases of the above embodiments, the spacing between sub-pixels within the virtual quadrilateral also changes. There is at least a part of the virtual quadrilateral where the spacing between two third sub-pixels B and the second sub-pixel G is different. The following is an example for illustration.

[0108] The so-called spacing between sub-pixels refers to the vertical distance between two adjacent parallel sides of the sub-pixel.

[0109] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, optionally, please refer to Figure 5 , within at least one of the virtual quadrilaterals ( Figure 5 the two left virtual quadrilaterals in

[0110] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, optionally, please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 , within at least one of the virtual quadrilaterals, the spacing between the second sub-pixel G and the first third sub-pixel B is L1, the spacing between the second sub-pixel G and the center of the second third sub-pixel B is L2, and the spacing between the second sub-pixel G and the two first sub-pixels R is L1. Among them, L2 is greater than L1. Figure 5 the two right virtual quadrilaterals in Figure 6 the other three virtual quadrilaterals except the upper left corner), or both are L2 (not shown in the figure), where L2 is greater than L1.

[0111] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, optionally, please refer to Figure 6 ( Figure 6 the upper left corner virtual quadrilateral), within at least one of the virtual quadrilaterals, the spacing between the second sub-pixel G and the two third sub-pixels B is L2, and the spacing between the second sub-pixel G and the two first sub-pixels R is L1, where L2 is greater than L1.

[0112] In the above embodiments, optionally, the difference between L2 and L1 is greater than or equal to 1 μm. Further optionally, the difference between L2 and L1 is greater than or equal to 2 μm or 3 μm.

[0113] In the above embodiments, optionally, the range of L1 is 12 - 30 μm. Further optionally, the range of L1 is 14 - 28 μm. Further optionally, the range of L1 is 16 - 26 μm.

[0114] In embodiments of the present disclosure, optionally, the range of all interior angles of the virtual quadrilateral is 70° to 120°. Further optionally, the interior angles of the virtual quadrilateral include at least one obtuse angle or at least one acute angle.

[0115] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, optionally, please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 5 , the virtual quadrilateral is a right trapezoid, two interior angles are 90°, and the other two interior angles are one obtuse angle, X°, and one acute angle, Y°. Among them, the range of the obtuse angle is greater than 90° and less than or equal to 100°, and further optionally, it is 91° - 96°, and the range of the acute angle is greater than or equal to 80° and less than 90°, and further optionally, it is 84° - 89°.

[0116] From Figure 3 and Figure 5 , it can be seen that if a virtual quadrilateral rotates 90° + X° or rotates 90° + Y° around the center of the third sub-pixel located at the center of the virtual octagon, it can coincide with the diagonal virtual quadrilateral.

[0117] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, optionally, some of the virtual quadrilaterals are the first parallelogram, and some of the virtual quadrilaterals are the second parallelogram. In the row direction and the column direction, the first parallelogram and the second parallelogram are arranged alternately, and the interior angles of the first parallelogram and the second parallelogram are different. At least one interior angle of the first parallelogram and the second parallelogram has a different angle. It can be that all four interior angles are different, or there are interior angles with the same angle, but their orientations are different. Different orientations mean that at least one of the two sides forming the first interior angle and the two sides forming the second interior angle is not parallel.

[0118] Optionally, the second parallelogram can be a rectangle. A rectangle includes a rectangle and a square.

[0119] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, optionally, please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 6 , where some of the virtual quadrilaterals are parallelograms and some of the virtual quadrilaterals are squares. In the row direction and the column direction, the parallelograms and the squares are arranged alternately.

[0120] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, optionally, the range of the acute angle Z of the first parallelogram and the second parallelogram is greater than or equal to 70° and less than 90°, and further optionally, it is 84° - 89°.

[0121] From Figure 4 and Figure 6 , it can be seen that among the virtual octagon, two diagonal virtual quadrilaterals are parallelograms, and the other two diagonal virtual quadrilaterals are squares. The two squares are the same, and the two parallelograms are different.

[0122] In the above embodiments, optionally, the width difference between the third sub-pixel in the first diagonal direction and the second diagonal direction is greater than or equal to 1 μm, and further optionally, greater than or equal to 3 μm.

[0123] In the above embodiments, optionally, the first sub-pixel R is square.

[0124] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, optionally, by removing a certain width of the third sub-pixel B in the first diagonal direction or the second diagonal direction (the blank area on one side of the third sub-pixel B in the figure is the removed area), the shape of the third sub-pixel B is changed, so that among the distances from the centers of the two first sub-pixels R and the centers of the two third sub-pixels B in the virtual quadrilateral to the center of the second sub-pixel G, at least two are different.

[0125] Please refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 , the frames around the first sub-pixel R, the second sub-pixel G, and the third sub-pixel B in the figure are the opening areas of the light-emitting layer. After removing a certain width of the third sub-pixel B in the first diagonal direction or the second diagonal direction, the distance from the removed side to the boundary of the opening area of the peripheral light-emitting layer is m1, which is greater than the distance m2 from the other sides to the boundary of the opening area of the peripheral light-emitting layer.

[0126] The above embodiments are only examples. In a virtual octagon, the sides of each third sub-pixel B where the width is removed are not limited to this, and can be arbitrarily combined. Please refer to Figures 9 - 13 . Refer to Figures 7 - 13 , for a third sub-pixel B, a certain width can be removed at any one of the two sides perpendicular to the first diagonal direction and the two sides parallel to the first diagonal direction.

[0127] Please refer to Figure 14 , Embodiment 3 of the present disclosure provides a display substrate, including: a first sub-pixel R, a second sub-pixel G, and a third sub-pixel B;

[0128] In the first direction, the first sub-pixels R and the third sub-pixels B are alternately arranged to form a first row of sub-pixels, and the second sub-pixels G form a second row of sub-pixels;

[0129] In the second direction, the first row of sub-pixels and the second row of sub-pixels are alternately arranged, and the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular or substantially perpendicular;

[0130] Two first sub-pixels R and two third sub-pixels B distributed in two adjacent rows and two columns form a 2×2 matrix. In the 2×2 matrix, the two first sub-pixels R are located in different rows and different columns, the two third sub-pixels B are located in different rows and different columns, and the center connection lines of the two first sub-pixels R and the two third sub-pixels B form a virtual quadrilateral, and the second sub-pixel G is located inside the virtual quadrilateral;

[0131] Among the distances from the centers of the two first sub-pixels R corresponding to the same virtual quadrilateral and the centers of the two third sub-pixels B to the center of the second sub-pixel G, at least two are different;

[0132] The first sub-pixel R includes a symmetry axis along a first diagonal direction and a symmetry axis along a second diagonal direction, and the width in the first diagonal direction is different from the width in the second diagonal direction (one is W2 and the other is H2), where the second diagonal direction is perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the first diagonal direction, and the second diagonal direction and the first diagonal direction intersect both the first direction and the second direction.

[0133] From Figure 14 it can be seen that adjacent first sub-pixel R and third sub-pixel B in the same row, together with a second sub-pixel G in the next row, form a virtual pixel (the triangle in the figure), and adjacent virtual pixels in the same row share a first sub-pixel R or a third sub-pixel B.

[0134] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, on the one hand, by sharing sub-pixels, a higher resolution can be achieved. On the other hand, by setting the widths of the first sub-pixels in different diagonal directions to be different, among the distances from the centers of the two first sub-pixels and the centers of the two third sub-pixels in the virtual quadrilateral to the center of the second sub-pixel, at least two are different, so that the arrangement of the brightness centers of the virtual pixels is more uniform, avoiding the granularity and distortion of the display, and improving the display effect. On the other hand, without moving the positions of the sub-pixels, the displacement of the brightness centers of the virtual pixels can be achieved, with a lower cost.

[0135] As mentioned in the above embodiments, among the distances from the centers of the two first sub-pixels R and the centers of the two third sub-pixels B in the virtual quadrilateral to the center of the second sub-pixel G, at least two are different, which will be illustrated by examples below.

[0136] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, optionally, please refer to Figure 7 ( Figure 7(for the two virtual quadrilaterals on the right), within at least one of the virtual quadrilaterals, the distance between the center of the second sub-pixel G and the center of the first third sub-pixel B is approximately equal to the distance between the center of the second sub-pixel G and the center of the second third sub-pixel B, both being D1, and the distance D3 between the center of the second sub-pixel G and the center of the first first sub-pixel R is not equal to the distance D4 between the center of the second sub-pixel G and the center of the second first sub-pixel R.

[0137] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, optionally, please refer to Figure 14 , within at least one of the virtual quadrilaterals ( Figure 14 for the two virtual quadrilaterals on the left), the distance between the center of the second sub-pixel G and the center of the first third sub-pixel B is approximately equal to the distance between the center of the second sub-pixel G and the center of the second third sub-pixel B, both being D1, and the distance between the center of the second sub-pixel G and the center of the first first sub-pixel R is approximately equal to the distance between the center of the second sub-pixel G and the center of the second first sub-pixel R, both being D3.

[0138] The above Figure 14 In the third embodiment shown above, the widths of the first sub-pixels R in the same row in the first diagonal direction are the same (i.e., the directions of the long sides are the same), the widths of the third sub-pixels B in the same column in the first diagonal direction are the same (i.e., the directions of the long sides are the same), and the widths of the first sub-pixels R in the first diagonal direction in adjacent rows and adjacent columns are different (i.e., the directions of the long sides are perpendicular or approximately perpendicular to each other, Figure 14 and the directions of the long sides are indicated by dashed arrows in

[0139] Of course, in some other embodiments of the present disclosure, optionally, the widths of all the first sub-pixels R in the first diagonal direction are the same (i.e., the directions of the long sides are all the same).

[0140] The above Figure 14 In the embodiments shown above, the first sub-pixels R and the third sub-pixels B in the same row are not on the same straight line, and the first sub-pixels R and the third sub-pixels B in the same column are not on the same straight line.

[0141] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, four virtual quadrilaterals arranged in an array form a virtual polygon (which can be a virtual quadrilateral or a virtual octagon, etc.), and the first sub-pixels and the third sub-pixels are located at the vertices or on the sides of the virtual polygon, and are alternately distributed at the positions of the sides or vertices of the virtual polygon in the clockwise direction.

[0142] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, within the virtual polygon, the centers of the third sub-pixels in the same row are approximately on a straight line parallel to the row direction, and / or, the centers of the third sub-pixels in the same column are approximately on a straight line parallel to the column direction.

[0143] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, within the virtual polygon, the centers of the second sub-pixels in the same row are approximately on a straight line parallel to the row direction, and / or, the centers of the second sub-pixels in the same column are approximately on a straight line parallel to the column direction.

[0144] The above Figure 14 In the embodiments shown above, four virtual quadrilaterals arranged in an array form a virtual octagon, and this virtual octagon serves as a repeating unit. The centers of four first sub-pixels R and four third sub-pixels B are located at the vertices of the virtual octagon, and the first sub-pixels R and the third sub-pixels B are arranged alternately in a clockwise direction. One of the third sub-pixels B is located at the center of the virtual octagon.

[0145] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, optionally, within the virtual quadrilateral, the second sub-pixel G is approximately symmetric with respect to the center connection line of two adjacent first sub-pixels R arranged in the second diagonal direction or the first diagonal direction, that is, the second sub-pixel G is on the symmetry axis of two first sub-pixels B. Optionally, as Figure 14 shown, the width of one of the first sub-pixels R in the direction of this symmetry axis is less than the width in the direction of the other symmetry axis, and the width of the other first sub-pixel R in the direction of this symmetry axis is greater than the width in the direction of the other symmetry axis (that is, the long sides of the two third sub-pixels B within the virtual quadrilateral are perpendicular or approximately perpendicular), or, the widths of the two first sub-pixels R in the direction of this symmetry axis are both less than the widths in the direction of the other symmetry axis (that is, the long sides of the two first sub-pixels R within the virtual quadrilateral are parallel).

[0146] In different cases of the above embodiments, the spacing between the sub-pixels within the virtual quadrilateral also changes, and there is at least a part of the virtual quadrilaterals where the spacing between the two first sub-pixels R and the second sub-pixel G is different. The following is an example for illustration.

[0147] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, optionally, please refer to Figure 15 ., within at least one of the virtual quadrilaterals, the spacing between the second sub-pixel G and the two third sub-pixels B, and the spacing between the two first sub-pixels R are both L1 ( Figure 15 the two left virtual quadrilaterals) or both L2 (not shown in the figure), where L2 is greater than L1.

[0148] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, optionally, please refer to Figure 15 ., within at least one of the virtual quadrilaterals ( Figure 8On the right side, there are two virtual quadrilaterals. The distance between the second sub-pixel G and each of the two third sub-pixels B is L1. The distance between the second sub-pixel G and the first first sub-pixel R is L1, and the distance between the second sub-pixel G and the second first sub-pixel R is L2, where L2 is greater than L1.

[0149] In the above embodiment, optionally, the difference between L2 and L1 is greater than or equal to 1 μm. Further optionally, the difference between L2 and L1 is greater than or equal to 2 μm or 3 μm.

[0150] In the above embodiment, optionally, the range of L1 is 12 - 30 μm. Further optionally, the range of L1 is 14 - 28 μm. Further optionally, the range of L1 is 16 - 26 μm.

[0151] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, optionally, please refer to Figure 14 , the virtual quadrilateral is a right trapezoid, two interior angles are 90°, and the other two interior angles are one obtuse angle, which is X°, and one acute angle, which is Y°. Among them, the range of the obtuse angle is greater than 90° and less than or equal to 100°. Further optionally, it is 91° - 96°. The range of the acute angle is greater than or equal to 80° and less than 90°. Further optionally, it is 84° - 89°.

[0152] From Figure 14 it can be seen that if a virtual quadrilateral rotates 90° + X° or rotates 90° + Y° around the center of the third sub-pixel located at the center of the virtual octagon, it can coincide with the focused virtual quadrilateral.

[0153] In the above embodiment, optionally, the difference in width between the first sub-pixel in the first diagonal direction and the second diagonal direction is greater than or equal to 1 μm. Further optionally, it is greater than or equal to 3 μm.

[0154] In the above Figure 14 and Figure 15 in the shown embodiment, optionally, the third sub-pixel B is a square.

[0155] In the above Figures 3 - 6 in the shown embodiment, the widths of the third sub-pixels in different diagonal directions are different. Figure 14 And in the embodiment shown in 15, the widths of the first sub-pixels in different diagonal directions are different. In some other embodiments of the present disclosure, it is also possible that the widths of the first sub-pixels and the third sub-pixels are different in different diagonal directions at the same time.

[0156] In each of the above embodiments of the present disclosure, optionally, the widths of the second sub-pixel G in the first diagonal direction and the second diagonal direction are different.

[0157] In the above embodiments of the present disclosure, optionally, within one of the virtual quadrilaterals, the second sub-pixel G is substantially symmetric with respect to the center connection line of two adjacent third sub-pixels B arranged in the first diagonal direction or the second diagonal direction, and is substantially symmetric with respect to the center connection line of two adjacent first sub-pixels R arranged in the second diagonal direction or the first diagonal direction.

[0158] The human eye has different resolution capabilities for the first sub-pixel R, the second sub-pixel G, and the third sub-pixel B, and the brightness effects of the three sub-pixels are also different. Among them, the brightness effect of the second sub-pixel G is the largest, followed by the first sub-pixel R, and the brightness effect of the third sub-pixel B is the smallest. At the same time, the device lifetimes of organic light-emitting materials of different colors are different. Therefore, optionally, the total opening area of the sub-pixels: the third sub-pixel B > the second sub-pixel G > the first sub-pixel R. That is, the total opening areas of the third sub-pixel B, the second sub-pixel G, and the first sub-pixel R decrease in sequence. The total opening area of the first sub-pixel R is x, the total opening area of the second sub-pixel G is a*x, and the total opening area of the third sub-pixel B is b*x, where 0.5 ≤ a ≤ 0.8 and 1 ≤ b ≤ 2.2. In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the total opening area of the sub-pixels refers to the total light-emitting area of the sub-pixels on the entire panel. In the above embodiments of the present disclosure, the shapes of the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel are taken as quadrilaterals with rounded corners as an example for illustration. In some other embodiments of the present disclosure, optionally, the shapes of the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel may also be other polygons; or, the shapes of the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel may also be selected from any one of other types of polygons with rounded corners, circles, and ellipses.

[0159] In some other embodiments of the present disclosure, optionally, the shapes of the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel may also be selected from any one of quadrilaterals, hexagons, octagons, hexagons with rounded corners, octagons with rounded corners, circles, and ellipses.

[0160] In the above embodiments of the present disclosure, the first sub-pixel is taken as a red sub-pixel (R), the second sub-pixel is taken as a green sub-pixel (G), and the third sub-pixel is taken as a blue sub-pixel (B) for illustration. The present disclosure does not exclude the use of sub-pixels of other colors.

[0161] In the above embodiments of the present disclosure, the number ratio of the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel is 1:2:1, so as to achieve sub-pixel sharing and improve the resolution.

[0162] The embodiments of the present disclosure further provide a display device, including the above display substrate.

[0163] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, optionally, the display device further includes a pixel defining layer, the pixel defining layer includes a plurality of pixel defining layer openings, each of the first sub-pixels, each of the second sub-pixels, and each of the third sub-pixels respectively corresponds to a pixel defining layer opening, and the shapes of the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel are substantially the same as the opening shapes of their corresponding pixel defining layers.

[0164] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, optionally, the first sub-pixel includes multiple film layers, and at least part of the multiple film layers of the first sub-pixel covers an area outside the pixel defining layer opening; and / or, the second sub-pixel includes multiple film layers, and at least part of the multiple film layers of the second sub-pixel covers an area outside the pixel defining layer opening; and / or, the third sub-pixel includes multiple film layers, and at least part of the multiple film layers of the third sub-pixel covers an area outside the pixel defining layer opening.

[0165] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, optionally, at least part of the shapes or areas of the pixel defining layer openings are different.

[0166] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, optionally, at least part of the shapes or areas of the pixel defining layer openings corresponding to the first sub-pixel or the third sub-pixel are different.

[0167] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, optionally, at least part of the shortest distances from the pixel defining layer openings corresponding to the first sub-pixel or the third sub-pixel to adjacent openings are not equal.

[0168] The embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a high-precision metal mask for manufacturing the display substrate in any of the above embodiments. The first sub-pixel includes multiple film layers, the second sub-pixel includes multiple film layers, and the third sub-pixel includes multiple film layers. The mask includes: a plurality of opening regions, and the plurality of opening regions include a first opening region corresponding to the shape and distribution of at least one film layer in the first sub-pixel, or a second opening region corresponding to the shape and distribution of at least one film layer in the second sub-pixel, or a third opening region corresponding to the shape and distribution of at least one film layer in the third sub-pixel.

[0169] Wherein, the shape refers to the graphic type and / or size, etc., and the distribution refers to the spacing, orientation, and / or density, etc.

[0170] Please refer to Figures 16 - 18 , which is a schematic diagram of a high-precision metal mask for respectively manufacturing the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel of the display substrate in the above embodiments. In the figure, the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, or the third sub-pixel is shown in the opening region of the mask, and the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, or the third sub-pixel does not belong to a part of the mask.

[0171] In some embodiments, a first sub-pixel includes a first effective light-emitting region, a second sub-pixel includes a second effective light-emitting region, a third sub-pixel includes a third effective light-emitting region, and the area of the second effective light-emitting region < the first effective light-emitting region < the third effective light-emitting region. On a display substrate, the total area of all the third effective light-emitting regions included in the third sub-pixel > the total area of all the third effective light-emitting regions included in the second sub-pixel > the total area of all the third effective light-emitting regions included in the first sub-pixel. In some embodiments, each first effective light-emitting region, each second effective light-emitting region, and each third effective light-emitting region are separated. In some embodiments, each first effective light-emitting region, each second effective light-emitting region, and each third effective light-emitting region are defined by a plurality of separated openings formed in a pixel defining layer. In some embodiments, each first effective light-emitting region is defined by a light-emitting layer that is located between an opposite anode and cathode in a direction perpendicular to the substrate and is driven to emit light in a corresponding first sub-pixel. In some embodiments, each second effective light-emitting region is defined by a light-emitting layer that is located between an opposite anode and cathode in a direction perpendicular to the substrate and is driven to emit light in a corresponding second sub-pixel. In some embodiments, each third effective light-emitting region is defined by a light-emitting layer that is located between an opposite anode and cathode in a direction perpendicular to the substrate and is driven to emit light in a corresponding third sub-pixel. In some embodiments, each first effective light-emitting region, each second effective light-emitting region, and each third effective light-emitting region are defined by a corresponding light-emitting layer and an electrode (anode or cathode) or a part of an electrode that transports carriers (holes or electrons) to the corresponding light-emitting layer. In some embodiments, each first effective light-emitting region, each second effective light-emitting region, and each third effective light-emitting region are defined by at least a part of a cathode and at least a part of an anode whose orthographic projections on the substrate overlap, and at least a part of the cathode and at least a part of the anode do not overlap with the orthographic projection of a first insulating layer on the substrate, and the first insulating layer is located between the cathode and the anode in a direction perpendicular to the substrate. For example, the first insulating layer includes a pixel defining layer. In some embodiments, each first sub-pixel, each second sub-pixel, and each third sub-pixel respectively include a first electrode, a light-emitting layer located on a side of the first electrode away from the substrate, and a second electrode located on a side of the light-emitting layer away from the first electrode. In a direction perpendicular to the substrate, a second insulating layer is further provided between the first electrode and the light-emitting layer, and / or between the second electrode and the light-emitting layer. The second insulating layer overlaps with the projection of the first electrode or the second electrode on the substrate, and the second insulating layer has an opening. The opening of the second insulating layer on a side facing the light-emitting layer can expose at least a part of the first electrode or the second electrode, so that it can contact the light-emitting layer or a functional layer that assists in light emission. Each first effective light-emitting region, each second effective light-emitting region, and each third effective light-emitting region are defined by a part of the first electrode or the second electrode that contacts the light-emitting layer or the functional layer that assists in light emission.In some embodiments, the second insulating layer includes a pixel definition layer. In some embodiments, the functional layer for assisting light emission may be any one or more of a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an electron transport layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron blocking layer, an electron injection layer, an auxiliary light-emitting layer, an interface improvement layer, an anti-reflection layer, etc. In some embodiments, the first electrode may be an anode, and the second electrode may be a cathode. In some embodiments, the first electrode may include at least two stacked layers of indium tin oxide (ITO) and silver (Ag), such as a three-layer stack of ITO, Ag, and ITO. In some embodiments, the second electrode may include any one or more of magnesium (Mg), Ag, ITO, indium zinc oxide (IZO), etc., such as a mixed layer or alloy layer of Mg and Ag. Each sub-pixel includes a light-emitting layer. Each first sub-pixel includes a first-color light-emitting layer located within the opening and on the pixel definition layer. Each second sub-pixel includes a second-color light-emitting layer located within the opening and on the pixel definition layer. Each third sub-pixel includes a third-color light-emitting layer located within the opening and on the pixel definition layer.

[0172] Please refer to Figure 8 , Figure 8 In, the first effective light-emitting region of the first sub-pixel is the region pointed by the arrow corresponding to R, the second effective light-emitting region of the second sub-pixel is the region pointed by the arrow corresponding to G, and the third effective light-emitting region of the third sub-pixel is the region pointed by the arrow corresponding to B. The frame outside the effective light-emitting region is the region of the corresponding light-emitting layer.

[0173] In some exemplary embodiments, the preparation process of the display substrate in this embodiment may include the following steps (1) to (9). In this exemplary embodiment, please refer to Figure 19 , and take the flexible display substrate with a top-emission structure as an example for illustration.

[0174] (1) Prepare a substrate on a glass carrier.

[0175] In some exemplary embodiments, the substrate 10 may be a flexible substrate, for example, including a first flexible material layer, a first inorganic material layer, a semiconductor layer, a second flexible material layer, and a second inorganic material layer stacked on a glass carrier 1. The materials of the first flexible material layer and the second flexible material layer are polyimide (PI), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), or surface-treated polymer soft films. The materials of the first inorganic material layer and the second inorganic material layer are silicon nitride (SiNx) or silicon oxide (SiOx), etc., which are used to improve the water and oxygen resistance of the substrate. The first inorganic material layer and the second inorganic material layer are also called Barrier layers. The material of the semiconductor layer is amorphous silicon (a-si). In some exemplary embodiments, taking the stacked structure PI1 / Barrier1 / a-si / PI2 / Barrier2 as an example, its preparation process includes: first, coat a layer of polyimide on the glass carrier 1, and after curing into a film, form the first flexible (PI1) layer; then deposit a barrier thin film on the first flexible layer to form the first barrier (Barrier1) layer covering the first flexible layer; then deposit an amorphous silicon thin film on the first barrier layer to form an amorphous silicon (a-si) layer covering the first barrier layer; then coat another layer of polyimide on the amorphous silicon layer, and after curing into a film, form the second flexible (PI2) layer; then deposit a barrier thin film on the second flexible layer to form the second barrier (Barrier2) layer covering the second flexible layer, and complete the preparation of the substrate 10.

[0176] (2) Prepare a driving structure layer on the substrate. The driving structure layer includes a plurality of driving circuits, and each driving circuit includes a plurality of transistors and at least one storage capacitor, such as 2T1C, 3T1C, or 7T1C design.

[0177] In some exemplary embodiments, the preparation process of the driving structure layer can be referred to the following description. Taking the preparation process of the driving circuit of the first sub-pixel 21 as an example for illustration.

[0178] Deposit a first insulating thin film and an active layer thin film on the substrate 10 in sequence, and pattern the active layer thin film through a patterning process to form a first insulating layer 11 covering the entire substrate 10, and an active layer pattern disposed on the first insulating layer 11. The active layer pattern includes at least a first active layer.

[0179] Subsequently, deposit a second insulating thin film and a first metal thin film in sequence, and pattern the first metal thin film through a patterning process to form a second insulating layer 12 covering the active layer pattern, and a first gate metal layer pattern disposed on the second insulating layer 12. The first gate metal layer pattern includes at least a first gate electrode and a first capacitor electrode.

[0180] Subsequently, a third insulating film and a second metal film are sequentially deposited, and the second metal film is patterned through a patterning process to form a third insulating layer 13 covering the first gate metal layer and a second gate metal layer pattern disposed on the third insulating layer 13. The second gate metal layer pattern includes at least a second capacitor electrode, and the position of the second capacitor electrode corresponds to the position of the first capacitor electrode.

[0181] Subsequently, a fourth insulating film is deposited, and the fourth insulating film is patterned through a patterning process to form a fourth insulating layer 14 pattern covering the second gate metal layer. At least two first vias are formed in the fourth insulating layer 14, and the fourth insulating layer 14, the third insulating layer 13, and the second insulating layer 12 within the two first vias are etched away to expose the surface of the first active layer.

[0182] Subsequently, a third metal film is deposited, and the third metal film is patterned through a patterning process to form a source-drain metal layer pattern on the fourth insulating layer 14. The source-drain metal layer includes at least a first source electrode and a first drain electrode located in the display area. The first source electrode and the first drain electrode can be respectively connected to the first active layer through the first vias.

[0183] In the driving circuit of the first sub-pixel 21 in the display area, the first active layer, the first gate electrode, the first source electrode, and the first drain electrode can form a first transistor 210, and the first capacitor electrode and the second capacitor electrode can form a first storage capacitor 212. In the above preparation process, the driving circuits of the second sub-pixel 22 and the driving circuit of the third color sub-pixel 23 can be formed simultaneously.

[0184] In some exemplary embodiments, the first insulating layer 11, the second insulating layer 12, the third insulating layer 13, and the fourth insulating layer 14 are made of any one or more of silicon oxide (SiOx), silicon nitride (SiNx), and silicon oxynitride (SiON), and can be a single layer, a multi-layer, or a composite layer. The first insulating layer 11 is called a buffer layer, which is used to improve the water and oxygen resistance of the substrate; the second insulating layer 12 and the third insulating layer 13 are called gate insulator (GI) layers; the fourth insulating layer 14 is called an interlayer dielectric (ILD) layer. The first metal thin film, the second metal thin film, and the third metal thin film are made of metal materials, such as any one or more of silver (Ag), copper (Cu), aluminum (Al), titanium (Ti), and molybdenum (Mo), or alloy materials of the above metals, such as aluminum neodymium alloy (AlNd) or molybdenum niobium alloy (MoNb), and can be a single-layer structure or a multi-layer composite structure, such as Ti / Al / Ti, etc. The active layer thin film is made of one or more materials such as amorphous indium gallium zinc oxide material (a-IGZO), zinc oxide nitride (ZnON), indium zinc tin oxide (IZTO), amorphous silicon (a-Si), polycrystalline silicon (p-Si), hexathiophene, polythiophene, etc., that is, the present disclosure is applicable to transistors manufactured based on oxide technology, silicon technology, and organic technology.

[0185] (3), Form a planarization layer on the substrate on which the foregoing pattern is formed.

[0186] In some exemplary embodiments, an organic material planar thin film is coated on the substrate 10 on which the foregoing pattern is formed to form a planarization (PLN) layer 15 covering the entire substrate 10, and through a mask, exposure, and development process, a plurality of second vias K2 are formed on the planarization layer 15 in the display area. The planarization layer 15 within the plurality of second vias K2 is developed away, respectively exposing the surfaces of the first drain electrodes of the first transistors 210 in the driving circuits of the first sub-pixels 21, the first drain electrodes of the first transistors in the driving circuits of the second sub-pixels 22, and the first drain electrodes of the first transistors in the driving circuits of the third color sub-pixels 23.

[0187] (4), On the substrate on which the foregoing pattern is formed, form a first electrode pattern. In some examples, the first electrode is a reflective anode.

[0188] In some exemplary embodiments, a conductive thin film is deposited on the substrate 10 on which the foregoing pattern is formed, and the conductive thin film is patterned through a patterning process to form a first electrode pattern. The first anode 213 of the first sub-pixel 21 is connected to the first drain electrode of the first transistor 210 through a second via K2. The second anode 223 of the second sub-pixel 22 is connected to the first drain electrode of the first transistor of the second sub-pixel 22 through a second via K2. The third anode 233 of the third color sub-pixel 23 is connected to the first drain electrode of the first transistor of the third color sub-pixel 23 through a second via K2.

[0189] In some examples, the first electrode may be made of a metal material, such as any one or more of magnesium (Mg), silver (Ag), copper (Cu), aluminum (Al), titanium (Ti), and molybdenum (Mo), or an alloy material of the above metals, such as aluminum-neodymium alloy (AlNd) or molybdenum-niobium alloy (MoNb). It may be a single-layer structure, or a multi-layer composite structure, such as Ti / Al / Ti, etc. Or, it is a stack structure formed by a metal and a transparent conductive material, such as reflective materials like ITO / Ag / ITO, Mo / AlNd / ITO, etc.

[0190] (5), On the substrate on which the foregoing pattern is formed, a pixel definition (PDL, Pixel Definition Layer) layer pattern is formed.

[0191] In some exemplary embodiments, a pixel definition thin film is coated on the substrate 10 on which the foregoing pattern is formed, and a pixel definition layer pattern is formed through a mask, exposure, and development process. The pixel definition layer 30 in the display area includes a plurality of sub-pixel definition portions 302. A plurality of pixel definition layer openings 301 are formed between adjacent sub-pixel definition portions 302. The pixel definition layer 30 within the plurality of pixel definition layer openings 301 is developed away, exposing at least a part of the surface of the first anode 213 of the first sub-pixel 21, at least a part of the surface of the second anode 223 of the second sub-pixel 22, and at least a part of the surface of the third anode 233 of the third color sub-pixel 23, respectively.

[0192] In some examples, the pixel definition layer 30 may be made of polyimide, acrylic, polyethylene terephthalate, or the like.

[0193] (6), On the substrate on which the foregoing pattern is formed, a post spacer (PS) pattern is formed.

[0194] In some exemplary embodiments, an organic material thin film is coated on the substrate 10 on which the foregoing pattern is formed, and the pattern of the spacer column 34 is formed through a mask, exposure, and development process. The spacer column 34 can serve as a support layer and is configured to support the FMM during the evaporation process. In some examples, along the row arrangement direction of the sub-pixels, there is a repeating unit between two adjacent spacer columns 34. For example, the spacer column 34 can be located between the adjacent first sub-pixel 21 and the third color sub-pixel 23.

[0195] (7), An organic functional layer and a second electrode are sequentially formed on the substrate on which the foregoing pattern is formed. In some examples, the second electrode is a transparent cathode. The light-emitting element can emit light from the side away from the substrate 10 through the transparent cathode to achieve top emission. In some examples, the organic functional layer of the light-emitting element includes: a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, a light-emitting layer, and an electron transport layer.

[0196] In some exemplary embodiments, the hole injection layer 241 and the hole transport layer 242 are sequentially evaporated and formed on the substrate 10 on which the foregoing pattern is formed by using an open mask, and then the blue light-emitting layer 236, the green light-emitting layer 216, and the red light-emitting layer 226 are sequentially evaporated and formed by using the FMM. Then, the electron transport layer 243, the cathode 244, and the optical coupling layer 245 are sequentially evaporated and formed by using the open mask. The hole injection layer 241, the hole transport layer 242, the electron transport layer 243, and the cathode 244 are all common layers of multiple sub-pixels. In some examples, the organic functional layer may further include: a microcavity adjustment layer located between the hole transport layer and the light-emitting layer. For example, after the hole transport layer is formed, the blue microcavity adjustment layer, the blue light-emitting layer, the green microcavity adjustment layer, the green light-emitting layer, the red microcavity adjustment layer, and the red light-emitting layer can be sequentially evaporated and formed by using the FMM.

[0197] In some exemplary embodiments, the organic functional layer is formed within the sub-pixel region to connect the organic functional layer to the anode. The cathode is formed on the pixel definition layer and is connected to the organic functional layer.

[0198] In some exemplary embodiments, the cathode can be made of any one or more of magnesium (Mg), silver (Ag), aluminum (Al), or an alloy made of any one or more of the above metals, or a transparent conductive material, such as indium tin oxide (ITO), or a multi-layer composite structure of a metal and a transparent conductive material.

[0199] In some exemplary embodiments, a light coupling layer may be formed on a side of the cathode 244 away from the substrate 10. The light coupling layer may be a common layer for a plurality of sub-pixels. The light coupling layer may cooperate with the transparent cathode to increase light output. For example, the material of the light coupling layer may be a semiconductor material. However, this embodiment is not limited thereto.

[0200] (8) On the substrate on which the foregoing pattern is formed, a packaging layer is formed.

[0201] In some exemplary embodiments, on the substrate 10 on which the foregoing pattern is formed, a packaging layer is formed. The packaging layer may include a stacked first packaging layer 41, a second packaging layer 42, and a third packaging layer 43. The first packaging layer 41 is made of an inorganic material and covers the cathode 244 in the display area. The second packaging layer 42 is made of an organic material. The third packaging layer 43 is made of an inorganic material and covers the first packaging layer 41 and the second packaging layer 42. However, this embodiment is not limited thereto. In some examples, the packaging layer may adopt a five-layer structure of inorganic / organic / inorganic / organic / inorganic.

[0202] The foregoing are some embodiments of the present disclosure. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle described in the present disclosure, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A display substrate, characterized in that, Including: A first sub-pixel, a second sub-pixel and a third sub-pixel; In a first direction, the first sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel are alternately arranged to form a first row of sub-pixels, and the second sub-pixel forms a second row of sub-pixels; In a second direction, the first row of sub-pixels and the second row of sub-pixels are alternately arranged, and the first direction and the second direction are substantially perpendicular; Two first sub-pixels and two third sub-pixels distributed in two adjacent rows and two columns form a 2×2 matrix. In the 2×2 matrix, the two first sub-pixels are located in different rows and different columns, the two third sub-pixels are located in different rows and different columns, and the center connection lines of the two first sub-pixels and the two third sub-pixels form a virtual quadrilateral, and the second sub-pixel is located within the virtual quadrilateral; Among the distances from the centers of the two first sub-pixels corresponding to the same virtual quadrilateral and the centers of the two third sub-pixels to the center of the second sub-pixel, at least two are different; The connection lines between the centers of the two first sub-pixels corresponding to the same virtual quadrilateral and the center of the corresponding second sub-pixel are not on the same straight line, and / or, the connection lines between the centers of the two third sub-pixels corresponding to the same virtual quadrilateral and the center of the corresponding second sub-pixel are not on the same straight line; The first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel each include a symmetry axis along a first diagonal direction and a symmetry axis along a second diagonal direction, and the width of at least one sub-pixel in the first diagonal direction is different from the width in the second diagonal direction; wherein, the second diagonal direction is substantially perpendicular to the first diagonal direction, and the second diagonal direction and the first diagonal direction intersect both the first direction and the second direction; In at least one of the first direction, the second direction, the first diagonal direction and the second diagonal direction, the symmetry axes in this direction of at least one of the adjacent first sub-pixels and at least one of the third sub-pixels in this direction are parallel and non-coincident; and / or, The symmetry axes in the first diagonal direction of two adjacent first sub-pixels in the first diagonal direction do not coincide; and / or, The symmetry axes in the first diagonal direction of two adjacent third sub-pixels in the first diagonal direction do not coincide.

2. The display substrate according to claim 1, wherein The inner angle range of the virtual quadrilateral is 70°-120°.

3. The display substrate according to claim 1, wherein Two first sub-pixels and two third sub-pixels corresponding to the same virtual quadrilateral surround a second sub-pixel, and the shortest distances from other first sub-pixels and third sub-pixels outside the virtual quadrilateral to the second sub-pixel are all greater than the shortest distances from the two first sub-pixels and the two third sub-pixels to the second sub-pixel.

4. The display substrate according to claim 1, wherein Among the distances from the centers of the two first sub-pixels corresponding to the same virtual quadrilateral and the centers of the two third sub-pixels to the center of the second sub-pixel, the ratio range of any two is 0.7-1.

3.

5. The display substrate according to claim 1, wherein The difference in the distances from the centers of the two first sub-pixels corresponding to the same virtual quadrilateral to the center of the second sub-pixel is less than the difference in the distances from the centers of the two third sub-pixels corresponding to the same virtual quadrilateral to the center of the second sub-pixel.

6. The display substrate according to claim 5, wherein The distances from the centers of the two first sub-pixels corresponding to the same virtual quadrilateral to the center of the second sub-pixel are approximately equal.

7. The display substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that The ranges of the distances from the centers of the two first sub-pixels and the centers of the two third sub-pixels corresponding to the same virtual quadrilateral to the center of the second sub-pixel are 20 - 60 μm.

8. The display substrate according to claim 1, wherein The first sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel have different shapes.

9. The display substrate according to claim 1, wherein within at least one of the virtual quadrilaterals, the distances from the center of the second sub-pixel to the centers of the two third sub-pixels are not equal, and the distances from the center of the second sub-pixel to the centers of the two first sub-pixels are approximately equal; or within at least one of the virtual quadrilaterals, the distances from the center of the second sub-pixel to the centers of the two third sub-pixels are approximately equal, and the distances from the center of the second sub-pixel to the centers of the two first sub-pixels are approximately equal; or within at least one of the virtual quadrilaterals, the distances from the center of the second sub-pixel to the centers of the two third sub-pixels are approximately equal, and the distances from the center of the second sub-pixel to the centers of the two first sub-pixels are not equal.

10. The display substrate according to claim 9, wherein within at least one of the virtual quadrilaterals, the distance between the second sub-pixel and the first third sub-pixel is L1, the distance between the second sub-pixel and the center of the second third sub-pixel is L2, and the distances between the second sub-pixel and the two first sub-pixels are both L1; or within at least one of the virtual quadrilaterals, the distances between the second sub-pixel and the two third sub-pixels and the distances between the second sub-pixel and the two first sub-pixels are both L1; or within at least one of the virtual quadrilaterals, the distances between the second sub-pixel and the two third sub-pixels and the distances between the second sub-pixel and the two first sub-pixels are both L2; or within at least one of the virtual quadrilaterals, the distances between the second sub-pixel and the two third sub-pixels are both L1, the distance between the second sub-pixel and the first first sub-pixel is L1, and the distance between the second sub-pixel and the second first sub-pixel is L2; or within at least one of the virtual quadrilaterals, the distances between the second sub-pixel and the two third sub-pixels are both L2, and the distances between the second sub-pixel and the two first sub-pixels are both L1; wherein, L2 is greater than L1.

11. The display substrate according to claim 10, characterized in that, The difference between L2 and L1 is greater than or equal to 1 μm, and the range of L1 is 12 - 30 μm.

12. The display substrate according to claim 1, wherein, The virtual quadrilateral is a right trapezoid, with two interior angles being 90°, and the other two interior angles being one obtuse angle and one acute angle.

13. The display substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, Part of the virtual quadrilaterals are first parallelograms, and part of the virtual quadrilaterals are second parallelograms. In the row direction and the column direction, the first parallelograms and the second parallelograms are arranged alternately, and at least one interior angle of the first parallelograms and the second parallelograms is different.

14. The display substrate according to claim 13, wherein The acute angles of the first parallelograms and the second parallelograms are in the range greater than or equal to 70° and less than 90°.

15. The display substrate according to claim 1, wherein The difference in width between the third sub-pixels and / or the first sub-pixels in the first diagonal direction and the second diagonal direction is greater than or equal to 1 μm.

16. The display substrate according to claim 1, wherein The widths of the second sub-pixels in the first diagonal direction and the second diagonal direction are different.

17. The display substrate according to claim 16, wherein Inside the virtual quadrilateral, the second sub-pixel is approximately symmetric with respect to the center connection line of two adjacent third sub-pixels arranged in the first diagonal direction or the second diagonal direction, and is approximately symmetric with respect to the center connection line of two adjacent first sub-pixels arranged in the second diagonal direction or the first diagonal direction.

18. The display substrate according to any one of claims 1-17, characterized in that, Four virtual quadrilaterals arranged in an array form a virtual polygon, and the first sub-pixels and the third sub-pixels are located at the vertices or on the sides of the virtual polygon, and are alternately distributed at the side or vertex positions of the virtual polygon in the clockwise direction.

19. The display substrate according to claim 18, wherein Inside the virtual polygon, the centers of the third sub-pixels in the same row are approximately on a straight line parallel to the row direction, and / or the centers of the third sub-pixels in the same column are approximately on a straight line parallel to the column direction.

20. The display substrate according to claim 18, wherein Inside the virtual polygon, the centers of the second sub-pixels in the same row are approximately on a straight line parallel to the row direction, and / or the centers of the second sub-pixels in the same column are approximately on a straight line parallel to the column direction.

21. The display substrate according to claim 1, wherein The total opening areas of the third sub-pixels, the second sub-pixels, and the first sub-pixels decrease in sequence. The total opening area of the first sub-pixels is x, the total opening area of the second sub-pixels is a*x, and the total opening area of the third sub-pixels is b*x, where 0.5 ≤ a ≤ 0.8 and 1 ≤ b ≤ 2.

2.

22. The display substrate according to claim 1, wherein The shapes of the first sub-pixels, the second sub-pixels, and the third sub-pixels are selected from any one of polygons, circles, ellipses, quadrilaterals, hexagons, octagons, quadrilaterals with rounded corners, hexagons with rounded corners, and octagons with rounded corners.

23. The display substrate according to claim 1, wherein The first sub-pixels are red sub-pixels, the second sub-pixels are green sub-pixels, and the third sub-pixels are blue sub-pixels.

24. A display device, characterized in that, It includes a display substrate as described in any one of claims 1-23.

25. The display device according to claim 24, characterized in that, It further includes a pixel defining layer. The pixel defining layer includes a plurality of pixel defining layer openings. Each of the first sub-pixels, each of the second sub-pixels, and each of the third sub-pixels respectively corresponds to a pixel defining layer opening, and the shapes of the first sub-pixels, the second sub-pixels, and the third sub-pixels are approximately the same as the opening shapes of their corresponding pixel defining layers.

26. The display device according to claim 25, wherein The first sub-pixel includes multiple film layers, and at least part of the multiple film layers of the first sub-pixel covers the area outside the pixel defining layer opening; and / or, the second sub-pixel includes multiple film layers, and at least part of the multiple film layers of the second sub-pixel covers the area outside the pixel defining layer opening; and / or, the third sub-pixel includes multiple film layers, and at least part of the multiple film layers of the third sub-pixel covers the area outside the pixel defining layer opening.

27. The display device according to claim 25, characterized in that, At least part of the shape or area of the pixel defining layer opening is different.

28. The display device according to claim 25, wherein The pixel defining layer opening corresponding to the first sub-pixel or the third sub-pixel is at least partially different in shape or area.

29. The display device according to claim 25, wherein The shortest distance from at least part of the pixel defining layer opening corresponding to the first sub-pixel or the third sub-pixel to the adjacent opening is not equal.

30. A high-precision metal mask, characterized in that, For manufacturing the display substrate according to any one of claims 1-23, the first sub-pixel includes multiple film layers, the second sub-pixel includes multiple film layers, the third sub-pixel includes multiple film layers, and the mask includes: a plurality of opening regions, and the plurality of opening regions include a first opening region corresponding to the shape and distribution of at least one film layer in the first sub-pixel, or a second opening region corresponding to the shape and distribution of at least one film layer in the second sub-pixel, or a third opening region corresponding to the shape and distribution of at least one film layer in the third sub-pixel.

Images