Bolt dismounting device based on magnetic adsorption

Abstract

The invention discloses a bolt dismounting device based on magnetic adsorption, which is used for dismounting a bolt from a fixed part, and comprises a rotary driver, the sleeve is in transmission connection with the rotary driver; an ejection assembly capable of moving in the front-back direction is arranged in the sleeve and comprises a magnetic piece used for magnetically attracting the bolt. An inner hole matched with the shape of the periphery of the head of the bolt is formed in the front end of the sleeve; and the magnetic attraction strength of the magnetic part for magnetically attracting the bolt is smaller than a set value, so that the bolt falls under the action of self weight when no external support exists. The sleeve is driven by the rotary driver to rotate to screw out the bolt, when the bolt is completely screwed out, the bolt is magnetically attracted by the magnetic part to be separated from the fixed part, after the bolt is separated from the fixed part, the bolt is ejected by the ejection assembly, the bolt automatically falls to a designated position under the action of self weight, and the whole process does not need to depend on external equipment; and the bolt dismounting efficiency is improved, and the overall failure rate of the device is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application provides a bolt disassembly device based on magnetic adsorption, which relates to the technical field of construction engineering. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, in the field of industrial automation, during the production and manufacturing process of prestressed pipe piles, head plate end plate assemblies and tail plate end plate assemblies are respectively assembled at both ends of the cage reinforcement. The head plate end plate assembly includes a head plate and an end plate fixed by several external hexagonal bolts, and the tail plate end plate assembly includes a tail plate and an end plate fixed by several external hexagonal bolts. The head plate and the tail plate are used to assist in the production of pipe piles. After the prestressed pipe pile is formed, the head plate and the tail plate installed at both ends thereof need to be disassembled in an automated manner. During the automated disassembly process of the head plate and the tail plate, it is necessary to first disassemble the external hexagonal bolts that fix the head plate and the end plate, and the tail plate and the end plate; then, due to the requirements of automated conveying, these external hexagonal bolts are dropped to a designated position.

[0003] In the prior art, the bolt disassembly equipment for disassembling external hexagonal bolts during the production of prestressed pipe piles mainly includes a pneumatic wrench, a socket installed at the output end of the pneumatic wrench, and a movable external claw. The specific disassembly process is as follows: the socket is sleeved on the nut of the external hexagonal bolt; the pneumatic wrench drives the socket to rotate, and the socket drives the external hexagonal bolt it sleeved to rotate together, thereby loosening the external hexagonal bolt until the threaded part of the external hexagonal bolt completely disengages from the fixed part (head plate or tail plate); the external claw hooks the nut of the external hexagonal bolt; the bolt disassembly equipment as a whole retreats, thereby pulling the external hexagonal bolt out of the through hole of the fixed part (head plate or tail plate); the external claw resets, thereby loosening the external hexagonal bolt; a jacking component is assembled in the socket, and the jacking component jacks out the external hexagonal bolt in the socket, so that the external hexagonal bolt falls to the designated position, thereby completing the automatic disassembly of the bolt.

[0004] In the existing bolt disassembly equipment, the clamping action and loosening action of the external claw need to be additionally controlled, which takes up the beat time and is not conducive to improving the disassembly efficiency of the bolt; moreover, affected by the vibration of the pneumatic wrench, it is prone to failure faults such as loosening and jamming, increasing the equipment maintenance points.

[0005] To solve the structural problems brought by the claw, Chinese patent document CN117733533A provides a bolt disassembly equipment based on negative pressure adsorption. An air suction through hole and an air suction channel are provided in the socket. The outer end of the air suction through hole communicates with the outside world. During the rotation of the socket, the negative pressure generated by air suction adsorbs the bolt to be disassembled, and then the negative pressure is stopped after the disassembly is completed, so that the bolt falls.

[0006] For the bolt disassembly equipment using negative pressure adsorption, the negative pressure channel may be blocked by on-site oil stains, which may lead to the failure of sucking out the bolt. It is necessary to keep cleaning, and there are still maintenance points. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is how to more conveniently achieve adsorption during bolt removal and falling off of the bolt after removal.

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present application provides a bolt removal device based on magnetic adsorption, which is used to remove the bolt from the fixed part, including:

[0009] A rotary driver; a sleeve drivingly connected to the rotary driver; an ejector assembly movable in the front-rear direction is provided in the sleeve, the ejector assembly comprising a magnetic member for magnetically adsorbing the bolt; an inner hole for matching the outer peripheral shape of the bolt head is provided at the front end of the sleeve; the magnetic attraction strength of the magnetic member for magnetically adsorbing the bolt is less than a set value, so that the bolt falls under its own weight when there is no external support.

[0010] Preferably, the magnetic member is a magnet.

[0011] Preferably, the ejection assembly comprises an ejection block which is arranged in the sleeve and can move forward and backward, the ejection block is connected to the inner wall of the sleeve through a spring, and the magnetic member is arranged at the front end of the ejection block.

[0012] Preferably, when the spring is in a natural state, the magnetic member is close to the front end surface of the sleeve.

[0013] Preferably, the process of removing the bolt by the bolt removal device includes: the sleeve is docked with the bolt, and pressure is applied to the bolt during the process of the sleeve rotating to screw out the bolt; the bolt pushes the magnetic part and the top block, and the compression spring causes the magnetic part and the top block to move backward, and the bolt head enters the front end inner hole of the sleeve; after the bolt is completely screwed out, the bolt removal device is withdrawn, and the compressed spring returns to its natural state to push the bolt out of the front end inner hole of the sleeve through the top block and the magnetic part in turn, and the bolt falls to the specified position under the action of its own weight.

[0014] Preferably, the rotary drive is configured as a pneumatic gun, and the output end of the pneumatic gun is detachably connected to the rear end of the sleeve.

[0015] Preferably, the output end of the air gun is provided with a square connecting part, and the sleeve is provided with a sleeve connecting section near the rear end, the rear end face opening of the sleeve connecting section is a square opening matching the square connecting part, and the square connecting part of the output end of the air gun is inserted into the square opening of the sleeve connecting section.

[0016] Preferably, the square connecting part is provided with radial through holes, and the corresponding sleeve connecting section is provided with radial openings, the square connecting part of the output end of the air gun is inserted into the square opening of the sleeve connecting section, and the connecting pin is inserted from the radial opening of the sleeve connecting section into the radial through holes of the square connecting part so that the output end of the air gun is connected to the sleeve.

[0017] Preferably, the aperture of the radial perforation of the square connecting portion matches the connecting pin, and the aperture of the radial opening of the sleeve connecting section is larger than the aperture of the radial perforation of the square connecting portion.

[0018] Preferably, both ends of the connecting pin are provided with pin holes for inserting pins, and the pins are accommodated in the space of the radial opening of the sleeve connecting section.

[0019] In this application, the sleeve is rotated by a rotary driver to screw out the bolt. When the bolt is completely screwed out, the bolt is magnetically adsorbed by the magnetic part to separate the bolt from the fixed part. After the bolt is separated from the fixed part, the ejecting assembly ejects the bolt, and the bolt automatically falls to the designated position under its own weight. The whole process does not need to rely on external equipment, which is beneficial to improving the disassembly efficiency of the bolt and reducing the overall failure rate of the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of the bolt disassembly device based on magnetic adsorption provided by this application Figure 1 ;

[0021] Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of the bolt disassembly device based on magnetic adsorption provided by this application Figure 2 ;

[0022] Figure 3 is an exploded structure schematic of the bolt disassembly device based on magnetic adsorption provided by this application Figure 1 ;

[0023] Figure 4 is a schematic of the disassembly and decomposition action of the bolt disassembly device based on magnetic adsorption provided by this application Figure 1 ;

[0024] Figure 5 is a schematic of the disassembly and decomposition action of the bolt disassembly device based on magnetic adsorption provided by this application Figure 2 ;

[0025] Figure 6 is a schematic of the disassembly and decomposition action of the bolt disassembly device based on magnetic adsorption provided by this application Figure 3 ;

[0026] Figure 7 is a schematic of the disassembly and decomposition action of the bolt disassembly device based on magnetic adsorption provided by this application Figure 4 ;

[0027] Figure 8 is a schematic of the disassembly and decomposition action of the bolt disassembly device based on magnetic adsorption provided by this application Figure 5 ;

[0028] Figure 9Explosion structure schematic diagram of the bolt disassembly device based on magnetic adsorption provided by this application Figure 2 ;

[0029] Figure 10 Explosion structure schematic diagram of the bolt disassembly device based on magnetic adsorption provided by this application Figure 3 ;

[0030] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the disassembly action of the bolt disassembly device based on magnetic adsorption provided by this application;

[0031] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the bolt falling off of the bolt disassembly device based on magnetic adsorption provided by this application;

[0032] Explanation of reference numerals: bolt 100, rotary drive 200, square connection part 201, radial perforation 202, sleeve 300, radial opening 301, ejection assembly 400, magnetic part 401, ejector block 402, spring 403, connection pin 500, plug pin 501. Detailed implementation manners

[0033] To make this application more obvious and understandable, various exemplary embodiments will be introduced below. These examples are non-limiting and it should be understood that they are used to exemplify the broader applications of the device, system and method. Without departing from the essence and scope of this application, these embodiments can be varied in many ways and can be replaced by equivalents. In addition, various changes can be made to adapt to special situations, materials, material components, processing types, processing actions or steps to adapt to the purpose, content or scope of this application. All these changes will be within the protection scope of this application.

[0034] Regarding any materials, dimensions, quantities introduced in the overview or detailed description, they are only examples and do not limit the subject matter of this application. Moreover, the various implementations of the embodiments described herein will complement each other rather than being purely alternative, unless otherwise stated. In other words, the implementations from one embodiment can be freely combined with the implementations of other embodiments, as is easily understood by those of ordinary skill in the art, unless it is stated that these implementations are only for replacement.

[0035] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationships in which the product of this application is usually placed during use. It is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to this application. In addition, terms such as "first", "second", etc. are only used for distinguishing descriptions and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0036] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "disposed" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0037] Example

[0038] The embodiment of the present application provides a bolt removal device based on magnetic adsorption, which is used to remove the bolt from the fixed part. The magnetic adsorption of the bolt is maintained during the removal process, and the bolt falls to a specified position under its own weight after being removed. For example, see Figure 1 The bolt 100 to be removed is an external hexagonal bolt for fixing a fixed part, and the fixed part is a head plate and an end plate or a tail plate and an end plate of a pipe pile. The removal process of the bolt 100 is a process of unscrewing it from the fixed part.

[0039] In the embodiment of the present application, the axial direction of the bolt 100 is defined as the front-to-back direction, with the position of the fixed component being the front and the direction in which the bolt 100 moves out of the fixed component being the rear.

[0040] See also Figure 2 , Figure 3 The bolt removal device based on magnetic adsorption provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a rotary driver 200, a sleeve 300 transmission-connected to the rotary driver 200, an ejection assembly 400 movable in the front-rear direction is arranged in the sleeve 300, the ejection assembly 400 includes a magnetic part 401 for magnetically adsorbing the bolt, and an inner hole for matching the outer peripheral shape of the bolt head is arranged at the front end of the sleeve 300; the magnetic attraction strength of the magnetic part 401 for magnetically adsorbing the bolt is less than a set value, so that the bolt falls under the action of its own weight when there is no external support.

[0041] Specifically, the magnetic member 401 is a magnet or an electromagnet.

[0042] Based on the bolt removal device based on magnetic adsorption provided above, the magnetic adsorption of the bolt is maintained during the process of removing the bolt from the fixed part. After the bolt is removed, the bolt can automatically fall to the specified position by relying on its own weight to overcome the magnetic adsorption effect. Specifically, the removal process is as follows:

[0043] Sleeve and bolt docking:

[0044] See also Figure 4 , Figure 5, the bolt disassembly device moves forward, the front end of the sleeve 300 docks with the bolt 100 to be disassembled, and the head of the bolt 100 to be disassembled is inserted into the inner hole at the front end of the sleeve 300;

[0045] The sleeve rotates to unscrew the bolt:

[0046] See Figure 6 , the rotary driver 200 drives the sleeve 300 to rotate, and the sleeve 300 drives the bolt 100 to rotate and unscrew it from the fixed part;

[0047] After the bolt is completely unscrewed, the ejection assembly pushes the bolt out of the sleeve:

[0048] See Figure 7 、 Figure 8 , the bolt 100 is completely unscrewed, the magnetic part 401 magnetically adsorbs the bolt 100 to separate the bolt 100 from the fixed part, and the ejection assembly 400 moves forward to push the bolt 100 out of the sleeve 300;

[0049] The bolt falls to the designated position under its own weight:

[0050] See Figure 8 , after the bolt 100 completely extends out of the sleeve 300, due to the insufficient magnetic adsorption of the magnetic part 401 to support the bolt 100, the bolt 100 falls to the designated position under its own weight when there is no external support.

[0051] Based on the above-mentioned bolt disassembly device based on magnetic adsorption, in this application, the rotary driver 200 drives the sleeve 300 to rotate and unscrew the bolt 100. When the bolt 100 is completely unscrewed, the bolt 100 is magnetically adsorbed by the magnetic part 401 to separate the bolt 100 from the fixed part. After the bolt 100 is separated from the fixed part, the ejection assembly 400 ejects the bolt 100, and the bolt 100 automatically falls to the designated position under its own weight. The whole process does not need to rely on external equipment, which is beneficial to improving the disassembly efficiency of bolts and reducing the overall failure rate of the device.

[0052] In a further embodiment, the ejection assembly 400 is a passive structure. See Figure 2 and Figure 9, the ejection assembly 400 includes an ejector block 402 that can move back and forth inside the sleeve 300. The ejector block 402 is connected to the inner wall of the sleeve 300 through a spring 403. A magnetic member 401 is provided at the front end of the ejector block 402. In the natural state (without external force compression or tension) of the spring 403, the magnetic member 401 is close to the front end face of the sleeve 300; during the process of docking the sleeve 300 with the bolt 100 and rotating the sleeve 300 to screw out the bolt 100, the bolt disassembly device needs to apply pressure to the bolt 100, so that the bolt 100 pushes the magnetic member 401 and the ejector block 402, thereby compressing the spring 403 and causing the magnetic member 401 and the ejector block 402 to move backward, and the head of the bolt 100 enters the inner hole at the front end of the sleeve 300; after the bolt 100 is completely screwed out, the bolt disassembly device is retracted, and the compressed spring 403 returns to its natural state and sequentially ejects the bolt 100 from the inner hole at the front end of the sleeve 300 through the ejector block 402 and the magnetic member 401. The bolt 100 lacks the support of the inner hole of the sleeve and the threaded hole of the fixed part and falls to the designated position under its own weight.

[0053] The ejection assembly 400 provided by the embodiment of the present application is completely a passive structure and does not need to be connected to any external power source to provide power, so as to achieve the simplicity of the overall structure and reduce the overall failure rate of the device.

[0054] In a further embodiment, the rotary driver 200 is a pneumatic wrench, and the output end of the pneumatic wrench is detachably connected to the rear end of the sleeve 300; specifically, see Figure 10 , the output end of the pneumatic wrench is inserted into the rear end of the sleeve 300. The output end of the pneumatic wrench is provided with a square connection part 201. The sleeve 300 is provided with a sleeve connection section near the rear end. The rear end face of the sleeve connection section is provided with a square opening for matching the square connection part, so that the square connection part 201 of the output end of the pneumatic wrench can be inserted into the square opening of the sleeve connection section. And the square connection part 201 is provided with a radial through hole 202, and the corresponding sleeve connection section is also provided with a radial opening 301. After the square connection part 201 of the output end of the pneumatic wrench is inserted into the square opening of the sleeve connection section, by inserting the connecting pin 500 from the radial opening 301 of the sleeve connection section into the radial through hole 202 of the square connection part 201, the output end of the pneumatic wrench can be connected to the sleeve 300 to drive rotation; further, the aperture of the radial through hole 202 matches the connecting pin 500, the aperture of the radial opening 301 is larger than the aperture of the radial through hole 202, and the two ends of the connecting pin 500 are also provided with pin holes. By inserting pins 501 into the pin holes at both ends, the space of the radial opening 301 can be used to accommodate the pins 501, and the pins 501 at both ends of the connecting pin 500 can prevent the connecting pin 500 from falling off.

[0055] In summary, see Figure 11 、 Figure 12, the bolt disassembly device based on magnetic adsorption provided by the technical solution of the present application is provided with a magnet in the inner hole of the sleeve. The top block is connected to the sleeve, and the top block can telescopically move back and forth along the inner hole of the sleeve. There is a spring behind the top block to keep the magnet in the maximum extended position all the time. When the sleeve is sleeved on the bolt head, the bolt head presses against the magnet and compresses the spring backward, so that the entire magnet structure does not affect the disassembly of the bolt by the sleeve. When the bolt is unscrewed, the whole sleeve structure retreats. While the bolt is pulled out of the bolt hole by the magnet, the spring restores and together with the magnet pushes the bolt forward out of the sleeve. Due to the loss of the upward support of the inner hole and the bolt hole of the thread, the balance of the horizontal posture of the bolt is broken. Affected by the self-weight of the bolt, the magnetic attraction of the magnet cannot suck the end face of the nut from the side, and the bolt drops downward to the designated position.

[0056] The bolt disassembly device based on magnetic adsorption provided by the technical solution of the present application can simply rely on its own mechanism to pull the hexagon socket head bolt out of the threaded hole of the fixed part (head plate or tail plate) without adding additional actions and additional equipment, and has the advantages of reducing the complexity of the device and the potential hidden trouble of device failure.

[0057] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and does not impose any formal or substantial restrictions on the present application. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art in this technical field, several improvements and supplements can still be made without departing from the present application, and these improvements and supplements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present application. Any equivalent changes, modifications and evolutions made by those skilled in the art who are familiar with this specialty without departing from the content and scope of the present application by using the technical content disclosed above are all equivalent embodiments of the present application; at the same time, any equivalent changes, modifications and evolutions made to the above embodiments according to the essential technology of the present application still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present application.

Claims

1. A bolt removal device based on magnetic adsorption, used to remove a bolt from a fixed part, characterized in that: include: A rotary driver (200); a sleeve (300) drivingly connected to the rotary driver (200); an ejector assembly (400) movable in a front-to-rear direction is arranged in the sleeve (300), the ejector assembly (400) comprising a magnetic member (401) for magnetically adsorbing the bolt; an inner hole for matching the outer peripheral shape of the bolt head is arranged at the front end of the sleeve (300); the magnetic attraction strength of the magnetic member (401) for magnetically adsorbing the bolt is less than a set value, so that the bolt falls under its own weight when there is no external support.

2. A bolt removal device based on magnetic adsorption according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic member (401) is configured as a magnet.

3. The bolt removal device based on magnetic adsorption according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The ejection assembly (400) comprises an ejection block (402) disposed in the sleeve (300) and movable forward and backward. The ejection block (402) is connected to the inner wall of the sleeve (300) via a spring (403). The magnetic member (401) is disposed at the front end of the ejection block (402).

4. The bolt removal device based on magnetic adsorption according to claim 3 is characterized in that: When the spring (403) is in a natural state, the magnetic member (401) is close to the front end surface of the sleeve (300).

5. The bolt removal device based on magnetic adsorption according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The process of removing the bolt by the bolt removal device comprises: the sleeve (300) and the bolt (100) are docked, and pressure is applied to the bolt (100) during the process of the sleeve (300) rotating to screw out the bolt (100); the bolt (100) pushes the magnetic part (401) and the top block (402), and the compression spring (403) makes the magnetic part (401) and the top block (402) move backward, and the head of the bolt (100) enters the front end inner hole of the sleeve (300); after the bolt (100) is completely screwed out, the bolt removal device is withdrawn, and the compressed spring (403) returns to a natural state to push the bolt (100) out of the front end inner hole of the sleeve (300) through the top block (402) and the magnetic part (401) in turn, and the bolt (100) falls to a specified position under the action of its own weight.

6. The bolt removal device based on magnetic adsorption according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary driver (200) is configured as a blast gun, and the output end of the blast gun is detachably connected to the rear end of the sleeve (300).

7. The bolt removal device based on magnetic adsorption according to claim 6, characterized in that: The output end of the blast pit is provided with a square connecting portion (201), and the sleeve (300) is provided with a sleeve connecting section near the rear end, and the rear end surface opening of the sleeve connecting section is a square opening that matches the square connecting portion, and the square connecting portion of the output end of the blast pit is inserted into the square opening of the sleeve connecting section.

8. The bolt removal device based on magnetic adsorption according to claim 7, characterized in that: The square connecting part (201) is provided with a radial through hole (202), and the corresponding sleeve connecting section is provided with a radial opening (301). The square connecting part (201) at the output end of the air cannon is inserted into the square opening of the sleeve connecting section. The connecting pin (500) is inserted from the radial opening (301) of the sleeve connecting section into the radial through hole (202) of the square connecting part (201), so that the output end of the air cannon is connected to the sleeve (300).

9. The bolt removal device based on magnetic adsorption according to claim 8, characterized in that: The diameter of the radial through hole (202) of the square connecting part matches the connecting pin (500), and the diameter of the radial opening (301) of the sleeve connecting section is larger than the diameter of the radial through hole (202) of the square connecting part.

10. A bolt removal device based on magnetic adsorption according to claim 9, characterized in that: Both ends of the connecting pin (500) are provided with pin holes for inserting a pin (501), and the pin (501) is accommodated in the space of the radial opening (301) of the sleeve connecting section.

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