Drilling method for adaptive multi-type fluid phase and layer geological storage

Abstract

The present invention relates to a drilling method for adaptive phase-separated and layered geological storage of multiple types of fluids, comprising: determining, from top to bottom, the depths of a gas-sealing layer, a first water-sealing layer, and a second water-sealing layer in the stratum of a target plot, for storing carbon dioxide, top and bottom plate water, and mine water, respectively; drilling a vertical shaft; drilling a gas transmission horizontal well in the gas-sealing layer from the top of the vertical shaft corresponding to the gas-sealing layer; drilling a first water guide well from the bottom of the vertical shaft corresponding to the gas-sealing layer, the first water guide well being provided with a branch horizontal well in the first water-sealing layer and the second water-sealing layer, respectively; drilling a first water transmission horizontal well in the first water-sealing layer from the top of the vertical shaft corresponding to the first water-sealing layer; drilling a second water guide well from the bottom of the first water-sealing layer, the second water guide well extending into the second water-sealing layer; and cementing and completing the vertical shaft.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of geological storage drilling, and in particular relates to a drilling method for adaptive phase-separated and layered geological storage of multiple types of fluids. Background Art

[0002] Deep geological storage technology involves storing gas and liquid fluids in underground rock pores and micro-fractures at depths of 1,500-3,500 meters below the Earth's surface through deep wells. This method of storing waste gas and wastewater outside the biosphere is a safe environmental disposal method. Coal mining produces a variety of waste liquids and gases, all of which have significant environmental impacts. For example, groundwater in the aquifers at the mine's roof and floor poses a risk of seepage into the tunnels and needs to be pumped to the surface for storage. This water, which is found in its original strata, has relatively good quality. Coal mining also generates mine water, which is also pumped to the surface and undergoes multi-stage water treatment, ultimately resulting in highly saline wastewater. Furthermore, carbon dioxide emissions from industrial enterprises contribute to atmospheric pollution. Deep geological storage of these waste gases and wastewater of varying quality would reduce environmental treatment costs and improve environmental performance. However, current deep geological storage mostly involves a single well for a single type of fluid. There is little research in this field on how to coordinate the geological storage of multiple types of waste liquids and waste gases, and it remains a difficult problem. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the above issues, the present invention provides a drilling method for adaptive multi-type fluid phase and layered geological storage, comprising:

[0004] S1: Determine the depths of the gas sealing layer, the first water sealing layer, and the second water sealing layer from top to bottom in the target plot, which are used to store carbon dioxide, top and bottom water, and mine water respectively;

[0005] S2: Determine the target well location and drill a vertical shaft. Drill the first well section to the bottom of the gas-sealing layer, the second well section to the bottom of the first water-sealing layer, and the third well section to the bottom of the second water-sealing layer.

[0006] S3: Drill at least one gas transmission horizontal well from the top of the gas sealing layer corresponding to the first well opening section, and the gas transmission horizontal well is located in the gas sealing layer; drill a water pilot well 1 from the bottom of the gas sealing layer corresponding to the first well opening section, and the water pilot well 1 has a branch horizontal well in the first water sealing layer and the second water sealing layer respectively;

[0007] S4: Drill at least one water delivery horizontal well 1 from the second well section corresponding to the top of the first water sealing layer, the water delivery horizontal well 1 is located in the first water sealing layer; drill a water pilot well 2 from the second well section corresponding to the bottom of the first water sealing layer, the water pilot well 2 extends into the second water sealing layer;

[0008] S5: Cementing and completing the vertical well.

[0009] The present invention takes into account the storage of wastewater and waste gas at the same time, and uses an injection well to complete the geological storage of carbon dioxide and wastewater of different water qualities. The corresponding drilling method is as above. Through geological exploration, blocks of land suitable for storing carbon dioxide and wastewater are selected in the underground strata, and vertical shafts are drilled in such blocks of land so that the vertical shafts pass through each storage layer in turn, which is convenient for the subsequent storage of waste gas and wastewater. Taking into account that some top and bottom plate water or mine water will accumulate in the gas sealing layer section, a water guide well 1 is set up, which can guide wastewater of different water qualities into the corresponding water sealing layer. Taking into account that some mine water will accumulate in the first water sealing layer section, a water guide well 2 is set up, which can guide mine water into the second water sealing layer.

[0010] Optionally, in step S2, the vertical direction of the target well location can penetrate the middle of the gas sealing layer, the first water sealing layer and the second water sealing layer; the part of the first well section corresponding to the gas sealing layer is the gas injection well section, the part of the second well section corresponding to the first water sealing layer is the water injection well section one, and the part of the third well section corresponding to the second water sealing layer is the water injection well section two.

[0011] Optionally, in step S3, two gas transmission horizontal wells are drilled starting from the top of the gas injection well section. The two gas transmission horizontal wells are symmetrically arranged with the gas injection well section as the center, and extend in two opposite directions in the gas sealing layer.

[0012] Optionally, in step S3, the water guide well 1 includes a main well section 1 and two branch horizontal wells, the main well section 1 is inclined downward, the top of the main well section 1 is connected to the bottom of the gas injection well section, the bottom of the main well section 1 is in the first water-sealing layer, and is connected in parallel with the tops of the two branch horizontal wells; the first branch horizontal well is inside the first water-sealing layer and extends in a direction away from the water injection well section 1; the second branch horizontal well continues to drill down into the second water-sealing layer, and then extends in a direction away from the water injection well section 2.

[0013] Optionally, a second gate is provided at the bottom of the main well section 1 corresponding to the top of the second branch horizontal well; a first gate is provided at the bottom of the main well section 1 corresponding to the top of the first branch horizontal well, and the opening and closing of the two gates control the injection of wastewater in the water diversion well 1 into the first water sealing layer or the second water sealing layer;

[0014] A horizontal connecting wellbore 1 is provided at the position where the gas injection well section connects to the top of the main well section 1, and the connecting wellbore 1 protrudes into the interior of the gas injection well section; a third gate and its matching control device are provided on the inner wall of the gas injection well section, so that the third gate can move up and down, and when the third gate corresponds to the connecting wellbore 1, it can move toward the connecting wellbore 1, thereby closing the port of the connecting wellbore 1 and blocking the connection between the gas injection well section and the water diversion well 1.

[0015] Optionally, in step S4, two water delivery horizontal wells 1 are drilled starting from the top of the water injection well section 1. The two water delivery horizontal wells 1 are symmetrically arranged with the water injection well section 1 as the center, and the two water delivery horizontal wells 1 extend in two opposite directions within the first water-sealing layer.

[0016] In step S4, two water delivery horizontal wells 2 are drilled starting from the top of the water injection well section 2. The two water delivery horizontal wells 2 are symmetrically arranged with the water injection well section 2 as the center, and extend in two opposite directions in the second water sealing layer.

[0017] Optionally, in step S4, the second pilot well includes a second main well section and a horizontal well, the second main well section is inclined downward, the top of the second main well section is connected to the bottom of the first injection well section, the bottom of the second main well section is located in the second water-sealing layer and is connected to the starting end of the horizontal well; the horizontal well is located in the second water-sealing layer and extends in a direction away from the second injection well section;

[0018] A horizontal connecting wellbore 2 is provided at the position where the injection well section 1 is connected to the top of the main well section 2. The connecting wellbore 2 protrudes into the interior of the injection well section 1. A fourth gate and its matching control device are provided on the inner wall of the injection well section 1, so that the fourth gate can move up and down, and when the fourth gate corresponds to the connecting wellbore 2, it can move toward the connecting wellbore 2, thereby closing the connecting wellbore 2 port and blocking the connection between the injection well section 1 and the water diversion well 2.

[0019] Optionally, in step S5, sections of well pipes are arranged in sequence from bottom to top in the vertical shaft, and the side wall of the well pipe at the top of the water injection well section 2 is provided with two wellheads, and the two wellheads respectively correspond to the starting ends of the two water supply horizontal wells 2; the side wall of the well pipe at the top of the water injection well section 1 is provided with two wellheads, and the two wellheads respectively correspond to the starting ends of the two water supply horizontal wells 1; the side wall of the well pipe at the top of the gas injection well section is provided with two wellheads, and the two wellheads respectively correspond to the starting ends of the two gas supply horizontal wells.

[0020] Optionally, after step S5, the step of lowering an injection pipe into the vertical shaft is further included, specifically: setting a second packer at the bottom of the injection pipe to separate the second injection well section from the well section above it; connecting the injection branch pipes one by one in sequence and then lowering them into the vertical shaft to form the injection pipe;

[0021] The injection pipe is also connected to a first packer, which separates the water injection well section 1 from the well section above it; the top of the injection pipe on the ground is connected to a carbon dioxide gas source, a roof and floor water source, and a mine water source in parallel through pipelines;

[0022] The portion of the injection pipe corresponding to the gas injection well section is evenly and densely covered with through holes for releasing carbon dioxide to the gas injection well section; the portion of the injection pipe corresponding to the water injection well section 1 is evenly and densely covered with through holes for inputting top and bottom plate water to the water injection well section 1.

[0023] Optionally, each packer is provided with a retractable bladder inside, which is used to temporarily block the internal passage of the injection pipe, so as to facilitate the input of different wastewater or waste gas into different formations; two pipes connecting the first packer and the second packer are provided on the inner wall or outer wall of the injection pipe, respectively, to inject gas into the bladder of the first packer and to inject hydraulic oil into the bladder of the second packer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the vertical shaft in the embodiment;

[0025] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of water well 1 and water well 2 in the embodiment;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main well section 1 connecting two branch horizontal wells;

[0027] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the first packer.

[0028] In the accompanying drawings, 1-gas sealing layer, 2-first water sealing layer, 3-second water sealing layer, 4-vertical shaft, 5-gas injection section, 6-water injection section one, 7-water injection section two, 8-gas transmission horizontal well, 9-water transmission horizontal well one, 10-water transmission horizontal well two, 11-horizontal well, 12-well blocking pipe, 13-first branch horizontal well, 14-second branch horizontal well, 15-main well section one, 16-main well section two, 17-injection pipe, 18-first packer, 19-second packer, 20-bladder, 21-connecting wellbore one, 22-connecting wellbore two, 23-first gate, 24-second gate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] This embodiment provides a drilling method for adaptive multi-type fluid phase and layer geological storage, such as Figures 1-4 Shown, including:

[0030] S1: Based on geological exploration information, determine the target plot, and determine the depths of the gas sealing layer 1, the first water sealing layer 2, and the second water sealing layer 3 from top to bottom within the strata of the target plot, which are used to seal carbon dioxide, roof and floor water, and mine water respectively;

[0031] S2: Determine the target well location within the target plot, and start drilling downward from the well location on the ground. Drill the first well section to the bottom of the gas-sealing layer 1, the second well section to the bottom of the first water-sealing layer 2, and the third well section to the bottom of the second water-sealing layer 3;

[0032] S3: Drill at least one gas transmission horizontal well 8 from the top of the gas sealing layer 1 corresponding to the first well opening section, and the gas transmission horizontal well 8 is located in the gas sealing layer 1; drill a water guide well 1 from the bottom of the gas sealing layer 1 corresponding to the first well opening section, and the water guide well 1 is provided with a branch horizontal well in the first water sealing layer 2 and the second water sealing layer 3 respectively, for respectively guiding the roof and floor water or mine water retained at the bottom of the first well opening section into the corresponding water sealing layer;

[0033] S4: Drill at least one water delivery horizontal well 1 9 from the top of the first water sealing layer 2 corresponding to the second well section, and the water delivery horizontal well 1 9 is located in the first water sealing layer 2; drill a second water guide well from the bottom of the second well section corresponding to the first water sealing layer 2, and extend the second water guide well into the second water sealing layer 3, so as to guide the mine water retained at the bottom of the second well section into the second water sealing layer 3;

[0034] S5: Cementing and completing the vertical well.

[0035] Optionally, in step S1, the geological exploration information includes but is not limited to stratum depth, geological structure, permeability, porosity, stratum temperature and pressure, and rock type;

[0036] Based on the conventional geological exploration information mentioned above, suitable land parcels for storing carbon dioxide and wastewater are identified. The parcels must contain multiple layers of strata, at least three of which are suitable for storing carbon dioxide and wastewater, respectively. The topmost layer for storing carbon dioxide, located beneath shallow underground aquifers and coal seams, is called gas-sealing layer 1. This layer can store and retain carbon dioxide, preventing it from diffusing upward. Below gas-sealing layer 1 are first and second water-sealing layers 2 and 3, respectively, for storing top and bottom water (higher quality) and mine water (lower quality). These layers are located at depths of 1,500 to 3,000 meters underground, for example. Gas-sealing layer 1, first and second water-sealing layers 2 and 3 are not necessarily adjacent to each other and may be separated by several strata.

[0037] Optionally, in step S2, the vertical direction of the target well location can penetrate the middle of the gas sealing layer 1, the first water sealing layer 2 and the second water sealing layer 3; the part of the first well section corresponding to the gas sealing layer 1 is the gas injection well section 5, the part of the second well section corresponding to the first water sealing layer 2 is the water injection well section 1 6, and the part of the third well section corresponding to the second water sealing layer 3 is the water injection well section 2 7.

[0038] Optionally, in step S3, two gas transmission horizontal wells 8 are drilled starting from the top of the gas injection well section 5. The two gas transmission horizontal wells 8 are symmetrically arranged with the gas injection well section 5 as the center, that is, the two gas transmission horizontal wells 8 extend in two opposite directions in the gas sealing layer 1. The carbon dioxide injected into the gas injection well section 5 can be injected and diffused into the gas sealing layer 1 through the two gas transmission horizontal wells 8.

[0039] The gas transmission horizontal well 8 can be in an open well state without a well pipe. The carbon dioxide output from the gas injection well section 5 migrates along the gas transmission horizontal well 8 and directly diffuses and migrates into the gas sealing layer 1 .

[0040] Optionally, in step S3, the water pilot well 1 includes a main well section 15 and two branch horizontal wells, the main well section 15 is inclined downward, the top of the main well section 15 is connected to the bottom of the gas injection well section 5, the bottom of the main well section 15 is in the first water sealing layer 2, and is connected in parallel to the tops of the two branch horizontal wells; the first branch horizontal well 13 is inside the first water sealing layer 2 and extends in a direction away from the water injection well section 6; the second branch horizontal well 14 continues to penetrate into the second water sealing layer 3 and then extends in a direction away from the water injection well section 2 7;

[0041] The portion of the second branch horizontal well 14 located inside the second water sealing layer 3 is in an open hole state without a well pipe; the first branch horizontal well 13 is in an open hole state without a well pipe.

[0042] The first branch horizontal well 13 and the second branch horizontal well 14 may correspond vertically (i.e., be on the same vertical plane) or not (extend in different directions). The bottom of the main well section 1 is connected in parallel to the top of the first branch horizontal well and the top of the inclination section of the second branch horizontal well. The second branch horizontal well includes an inclination section and a horizontal section connected in sequence. The inclination section is inclined downward, and the bottom of the inclination section is located in the second water-sealing layer. The bottom of the inclination section is connected to the beginning of the horizontal section, and the end of the horizontal section extends away from the injection well section 2.

[0043] Preferably, the first branch horizontal well 13 is located between the two water supply horizontal wells 9, and the angles between the first branch horizontal well 13 and the two water supply horizontal wells 9 are equal, so that top and bottom plate water can be more evenly input into the first water sealing layer 2.

[0044] Further optionally, a second gate 24 is set at the bottom of the main well section 15 corresponding to the top of the second branch horizontal well 14; a first gate 23 is set at the bottom of the main well section 15 corresponding to the top of the first branch horizontal well 13, and the opening and closing of the two gates control the injection of wastewater in the water diversion well 1 into the first water sealing layer 2 or the second water sealing layer 3.

[0045] Further optionally, the bottommost section of the wellbore at the bottom of the main well section 15 has a bottom surface, the area of which is equal to the cross-sectional area of the main well section 15; the bottom surface is provided with two openings, respectively for connecting to the tops of the two branch horizontal wells; the diameter of the main well section 15 is greater than the sum of the diameters of the two branch horizontal wells;

[0046] Two hydraulic devices are provided on the inner wall of the bottom of the main well section 15. Each hydraulic device is connected to a gate through its own telescopic rod. The telescopic rod is inclined downward. By extending and retracting the telescopic rod, the two gates are controlled to close or open the top of the corresponding branch horizontal well.

[0047] The side of the first gate close to the inner wall of the main well section 1 is hinged on the corresponding opening edge, and the side of the second gate close to the inner wall of the main well section 1 is also hinged on the corresponding opening edge. Since the tops of the main well section 15 and the two branch horizontal wells may be inclined, with consistent or inconsistent inclination angles, the inclination angle of the telescopic rod is adapted to the corresponding gate, so that the gate can be pulled up and lowered by the corresponding telescopic rod. A sealing ring is provided on the side of the gate facing the opening. After the gate is closed, the wastewater in the main well section 15 flows from top to bottom, impacting the side of the gate, achieving the effect of tightening the gate. The bottom surface of the well pipe at the bottom of the main well section 15 and the two openings can be formed in one piece when the well pipe is manufactured. When on the ground, two hydraulic devices and two gates are installed.

[0048] Further optionally, a horizontal connecting shaft 21 is provided at the position where the gas injection well section 5 is connected to the top of the main well section 15, and the connecting shaft 21 protrudes into the gas injection well section 5, so that the opening at the bottom of the gas injection well section 5 is a vertical plane circle;

[0049] A third gate and its supporting control device are provided on the inner wall of the gas injection well section 5, so that the third gate can move up and down, and when the third gate corresponds to the connecting well shaft 21, it can move toward the connecting well shaft 21, thereby closing the port connecting well shaft 21 and blocking the connection between the gas injection well section 5 and the water guide well 1.

[0050] The connecting wellbore 21 on a section of the well pipe at the bottom of the gas injection well section 5 can be integrally formed when the well pipe is manufactured. When on the ground, the third gate and its control device are installed.

[0051] The three gates described above are all conventional, and their opening and closing can be achieved using conventional technology. A waterproof housing can be installed on the exterior of the hydraulic and control devices to prevent the high-pressure water flow within the well pipe from impacting the hydraulic and control devices. The control device's power and control wiring can be run from the ground down the inner wall of the vertical shaft 4, then into the control device's housing and connected to the control device. The hydraulic system wiring runs from the ground down the inner wall of the vertical shaft 4, through the connecting shaft 1 (21) into the water diversion shaft 1, then down along the inner wall of the main shaft section 15, and into the hydraulic system's housing and connected to the hydraulic system. An outwardly protruding notch is provided at any position on the circular opening at one end of the connecting shaft 1 (21) that interfaces with the third gate to accommodate the hydraulic wiring. The third gate is also configured to correspond to the location of this notch, and sealing components such as a gasket are provided to ensure that the third gate can seal both the opening and the notch of the connecting shaft 1 (21).

[0052] Optionally, in step S4, two water supply horizontal wells 9 are drilled starting from the top of the water injection well section 6. The two water supply horizontal wells 9 are symmetrically arranged with the water injection well section 6 as the center, that is, the two water supply horizontal wells 9 extend in two opposite directions in the first water sealing layer 2. The top and bottom plate water with better water quality injected by the water injection well section 6 can be injected and diffused into the first water sealing layer 2 through the two water supply horizontal wells 9.

[0053] The water delivery horizontal well 9 can be in a bare well state without a well pipe. The water output from the water injection well section 6 flows along the water delivery horizontal well 9 and directly penetrates and flows into the first water sealing layer 2.

[0054] Optionally, in step S4, two water supply horizontal wells 2 10 are drilled starting from the top of the water injection section 2 7. The two water supply horizontal wells 2 10 are symmetrically arranged with the water injection section 2 7 as the center, that is, the two water supply horizontal wells 2 10 extend in two opposite directions in the second water sealing layer 3. The mine water with poor water quality injected by the water injection section 2 7 can be injected and diffused into the second water sealing layer 3 through the two water supply horizontal wells 2 10.

[0055] Optionally, in step S4, the water guide well 2 includes a main well section 2 16 and a horizontal well 11, the main well section 2 16 is inclined downward, the top of the main well section 2 16 is connected to the bottom of the water injection well section 1 6, the bottom of the main well section 2 16 is in the second water sealing layer 3, and is connected to the starting end of the horizontal well; the horizontal well 11 is inside the second water sealing layer 3 and extends in the direction away from the water injection well section 2 7; the horizontal well is in a bare well state and is not provided with a well pipe.

[0056] The second branch horizontal well 14 and the horizontal well 11 may correspond to each other vertically (i.e., be on the same vertical plane); or they may not correspond to each other vertically (extend in different directions), so as to more dispersely input mine water of poorer quality into the second water sealing layer 3.

[0057] Preferably, the second water guide well is located between the two second water supply horizontal wells 10 , and the angles between the second water guide well and the two second water supply horizontal wells 10 are equal, so that mine water can be more evenly input into the second water sealing layer 3 .

[0058] Further optionally, a horizontal connecting shaft 22 is provided at the position where the injection well section 1 6 connects to the top of the main well section 2 16 , and the connecting shaft 22 protrudes into the interior of the injection well section 1 6 , so that the opening at the bottom of the injection well section 1 6 is a vertical circular shape;

[0059] A fourth gate and its supporting control device are provided on the inner wall of the water injection well section 1 6, so that the fourth gate can move up and down, and when the fourth gate corresponds to the connecting well shaft 22, it can move toward the connecting well shaft 22, thereby closing the port of the connecting well shaft 22 and blocking the connection between the water injection well section 1 6 and the water diversion well 2.

[0060] The connecting wellbore 22 on a section of the well pipe at the bottom of the water injection well section 1 6 can be integrally formed when the well pipe is manufactured. When on the ground, the fourth gate and its control device are installed.

[0061] The fourth gate is conventionally operated and can be opened and closed using existing technology. A waterproof housing can be provided on the exterior of the fourth gate's control device to prevent the high-pressure water flow within the well pipe from impacting the fourth gate's control device. The power and control wiring for the fourth gate's control device can be routed from the ground along the inner wall of the shaft 4, then into the corresponding housing to connect to the fourth gate's control device.

[0062] Optionally, in step S5, sections of well pipes are arranged in sequence from bottom to top in the vertical shaft 4 drilled in step S2 to form a well wall; the side wall of the well pipe at the top of the water injection well section 2 is provided with two wellheads, and the two wellheads respectively correspond to the starting ends of the two water supply horizontal wells 2, and an openable and closable well cover is provided on the inner wall of each wellhead; the side wall of the well pipe at the top of the water injection well section 1 is provided with two wellheads, and the two wellheads respectively correspond to the starting ends of the two water supply horizontal wells 1, and an openable and closable well cover is provided on the inner wall of each wellhead; the side wall of the well pipe at the top of the gas injection well section is provided with two wellheads, and the two wellheads respectively correspond to the starting ends of the two gas supply horizontal wells, and an openable and closable well cover is provided on the inner wall of each wellhead.

[0063] When sealing the outside of the well pipe with concrete, avoid the wellheads of the gas injection section, water injection section 1 and water injection section 2, and cement and complete the well according to existing technology.

[0064] Further optionally, in step S5, each manhole cover is hinged on its side to its corresponding wellhead. A corresponding control device is provided on the inner wall of the well pipe adjacent to the wellhead. The control device is connected to the manhole cover via a telescopic rod to control the opening and closing of the manhole cover. The manhole cover control device is configured in the same manner and with the same auxiliary configuration as the control device for the third gate.

[0065] Further optionally, in step S5, before setting the well pipe at the bottom of the water injection well section 1 6, a well pipe is set into the main well section 2 16 to form a well wall, and concrete is used for cementing; the well pipe at the bottom of the water injection well section 1 6 is lowered so that the outer end of the connecting well shaft 2 22 is connected to the top well pipe of the main well section 2 16, and when concrete is input for cementing, the outer side surface of the connection between the connecting well shaft and the top of the main well section 2 16 is sealed;

[0066] Before setting the well pipe at the bottom of the gas injection well section 5, a well pipe is first set in the part of the second branch horizontal well 14 outside the second water-sealing layer 3 to form a well wall; a section of well pipe is set at the top of the first branch horizontal well 13 to connect with the main well section 15; then, when the well pipe at the bottom of the main well section 15 is lowered into the ground, the two openings are connected to the tops of the two branch horizontal wells. When concrete is subsequently poured into the well, the outer side surfaces of the corresponding openings at the connection with the tops of the branch horizontal wells are sealed, which can not only fix the position of the water pipe 1, but also prevent water leakage at the parallel connection;

[0067] Then, a well pipe is set into the main well section 15 to form a well wall, and concrete is used for cementing the well; the well pipe at the bottom of the gas injection well section 5 is lowered so that the outer end of the connecting well shaft 21 is connected to the top well pipe of the main well section 15, and when concrete is input for cementing, the outer side surface of the connection point between the connecting well shaft 21 and the top of the main well section 15 is sealed.

[0068] The material of the above-mentioned gates and manhole covers is the same as that of the vertical shaft pipe, which is steel with sufficient strength to withstand the impact of high-pressure exhaust gas or wastewater.

[0069] Optionally, after step S5, the process may further include lowering an injection pipe 17 into the vertical shaft 4. Specifically, a second packer 19 is provided at the bottom of the injection pipe 17 to separate the injection well section 2 7 from the well section above it. The injection branch pipes are sequentially connected and lowered into the vertical shaft 4 to form the injection pipe 17. A first packer 18 is also connected to the injection pipe 17 to separate the injection well section 1 6 from the well section above it. The top of the injection pipe 17, which is located above the ground, is connected in parallel to a carbon dioxide gas source, a roof and floor water source, and a mine water source through pipelines. The gas or water source may be a gas storage tank, a roof and floor water storage tank, or a mine water storage tank.

[0070] Further optionally, the portion of the injection pipe 17 corresponding to the gas injection well section 5 is evenly and densely distributed with through holes, which is used to release carbon dioxide to the gas injection well section 5; the portion of the injection pipe 17 corresponding to the water injection well section 6 is evenly and densely distributed with through holes, which is used to input top and bottom plate water to the water injection well section 6.

[0071] Further optionally, each packer is provided with a retractable bladder 20 inside, which is used to temporarily block the internal passage of the injection pipe 17, so as to facilitate the input of different wastewater or waste gas into different formations; two pipes are provided on the inner wall and / or outer wall of the injection pipe 17, respectively connecting the first packer 18 and the second packer 19, for injecting gas into the bladder of the first packer 18 and injecting hydraulic oil into the bladder of the second packer 19.

[0072] The packer is a conventional packer, comprising a base pipe and couplings at both ends of the base pipe. The couplings are used to connect the upper and lower injection pipes of the packer. A rubber sleeve is provided in the middle of the outer wall of the base pipe. The two ends of the rubber sleeve are fixed to the outer wall of the base pipe by retaining rings. The rubber sleeve is also bonded or mechanically fixed to the outer wall of the base pipe.

[0073] Further optionally, the bladder 20 in the packer is installed on the inner wall of the base pipe and surrounds the inner wall of the base pipe. After the bladder is inflated with air or liquid, it expands into a circular ring, and the inner wall surfaces of the bladder are pressed together to completely cover the cross-section inside the base pipe, completely blocking the internal passage of the base pipe, that is, blocking the internal passage of the injection pipe 17 at the packer.

[0074] Further optionally, a first connecting pipe is provided inside the injection pipe 17, the top end of the first connecting pipe is on the ground and connected to the air pump and the air source, and the bottom end of the first connecting pipe is connected to the bladder of the first packer 18, for injecting compressed gas (such as compressed air) into the bladder of the first packer 18;

[0075] A second connecting pipe is provided on the outside of the injection pipe 17. The top end of the second connecting pipe is on the ground and connected to the liquid pump and the hydraulic oil tank. The bottom end of the second connecting pipe penetrates the side wall of the lower part of the second seal 19 and is connected to the internal bladder, which is used to inject hydraulic oil into the bladder of the second seal 19.

[0076] Preferably, the position where the bottom end of the second connecting pipe penetrates the side wall of the second packer 19 is within the second injection well section 7. Even if the seal at the penetration position is not tight, when the injection pipe 17 injects mine water, water leaks outward from the penetration position, but it leaks into the second injection well section 7. The first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe are pre-connected to the corresponding bladders on the ground, and then lowered to the corresponding positions underground with the corresponding packers.

[0077] After the injection pipe 17 is installed in place, hydraulic oil is first filled into the bladder of the second packer 19 to block the internal channel of the second packer 19, and then clean water is input into the injection pipe 17. The flow rate and pressure do not need to be too large. When the clean water flows to the second packer 19, it is blocked and can only flow out from the through hole of the injection pipe 17 corresponding to the first water sealing layer 2, and flow down along the outer wall of the injection pipe 17 to the rubber sleeve outside the second packer 19. The rubber sleeve expands when it comes into contact with water, blocking the space between the injection pipe 17 and the inner wall of the vertical shaft 4. Then, compressed air is filled into the bladder of the first packer 18 to seal the internal channel of the first packer 18, and then clean water is input into the injection pipe 17. The flow rate and pressure do not need to be too large. When the clean water flows to the first packer 18, it is blocked and can only flow out from the through hole of the part of the injection pipe 17 corresponding to the air sealing layer 1, and flow down along the outer wall of the injection pipe 17 to the rubber sleeve outside the first packer 18. The rubber sleeve expands when it comes into contact with water and seals the space between the injection pipe 17 and the inner wall of the vertical shaft 4.

[0078] In the present invention, in order to be able to inject different waste gases or wastewaters into different formations at different times into the same vertical shaft 4, the above-mentioned injection pipe 17 is designed. Above the first water-sealing layer 2, there is a formation with poor permeability, which is an isolation formation (below the gas-sealing layer 1). The position of the first packer 18 corresponds to the isolation formation. After the rubber tube on the outside of the first packer 18 absorbs water and expands, it blocks the space between the injection pipe 17 and the inner wall of the vertical shaft 4. Above the second water-sealing layer 3, there is also a formation with poor permeability, which is also an isolation formation (below the first water-sealing layer 2). The position of the second packer 19 corresponds to the isolation formation above the second water-sealing layer 3. After the rubber tube on the outside of the second packer 19 absorbs water and expands, it blocks the space between the injection pipe 17 and the inner wall of the vertical shaft 4.

[0079] When it is necessary to inject poor-quality mine water into the second water-sealing layer 3, the bladders in both packers are not fed with hydraulic oil or compressed air, and both are in a deflated state. At this point, the interior of the injection pipe 17 is unobstructed, and a small injection branch pipe can be connected below the second packer 19 to directly inject mine water from the ground through the injection pipe 17 into the second injection well section 7. The two manhole covers at the top of the second injection well section are opened, and the mine water enters the two horizontal water supply wells 10 through the two wellheads for sealing. Because the rubber sleeve of the second packer 19 seals the top of the second injection well section 7, the mine water in the second injection well section 7 will not rise and overflow the second injection well section 7.

[0080] At the same time, since the injection pipe 17 is provided with through holes in the parts corresponding to the gas injection well section 5 and the water injection well section 16, although most of the mine water in the injection pipe 17 will enter the water injection well section 2 7 and the water supply horizontal well 2 10 (because the opening area at the bottom end of the injection pipe 17 is larger than the through hole area, the water body is preferentially output from the bottom end opening of the injection pipe 17), the higher water pressure in the injection pipe 17 causes the mine water to also spray out from the through holes in the parts of the injection pipe 17 corresponding to the gas injection well section 5 and the water injection well section 16, and accumulate in the gas injection well section 5 and the water injection well section 16 respectively (due to the blocking effect of the two packer rubber cylinders).

[0081] Open the third and second gates in advance, and close the first gate. Mine water in the gas injection well section 5 flows down the main well section 15 and the second branch horizontal well 14 until it enters the second water-sealing layer 3. Open the fourth gate in advance, and mine water in the water injection well section 1 6 flows down the water guide shaft 2 until it enters the second water-sealing layer 3. Water guide shaft 2 also accelerates the sealing of mine water.

[0082] When high-quality top and bottom water needs to be introduced into the first water-sealing layer 2, hydraulic oil is filled into the bladder of the second packer 19, causing it to expand and seal the internal passageway of the second packer 19. The bladder of the first packer 18 is in a deflated state, and the fourth gate is closed. Top and bottom water is then introduced directly from the surface through the injection pipe 17 into the water injection well section 6. The two manhole covers at the top of the water injection well section 1 are opened, and the top and bottom water flows through the two wellheads into the two water transfer horizontal wells 1 for storage. Because the rubber sleeve of the first packer 18 seals the top of the water injection well section 1, the top and bottom water in the water injection well section 6 will not rise and overflow the gas injection well section 5. At this time, there is still mine water in the injection pipe 17 below the bladder of the second packer 19 that was not completely discharged to the second water-sealing layer 3 last time (this may be because after the mine water was sealed last time, the mine water inside the injection well section 2 7 and the two water supply horizontal wells 2 10 has not yet completely diffused into the rock formation of the second water-sealing layer 3, resulting in the injection well section 2 7 and the two water supply horizontal wells 2 10 being filled with mine water). The mine water supports the bladder of the second packer 19 from below, and the hydraulic oil with a certain pressure in the bladder can resist the pressure of the top and bottom plate water above the bladder.

[0083] Similarly, because the portion of injection pipe 17 corresponding to gas injection section 5 is provided with a through-hole, top and bottom wall water also gushes out from these through-holes and accumulates within gas injection section 5 (due to the barrier effect of the two packer rubbers). By opening the third and first gates in advance and closing the second gate, the top and bottom wall water accumulated within gas injection section 5 flows down main well section 15 and the first branch horizontal well 13 until it enters the first water-sealing layer 2. Water guide well 1 also accelerates the sealing of top and bottom wall water.

[0084] When carbon dioxide needs to be introduced into the aeration layer 1, compressed air is injected into the bladder of the first packer 18, causing it to expand and seal the internal passageway of the first packer 18. The third gate is closed, and carbon dioxide is introduced directly from the surface through the injection pipe 17 into the gas injection section 5. The two wellheads at the top of the gas injection section are opened, allowing the carbon dioxide to enter the two horizontal gas transmission wells through the two wellheads for sealing. At this point, the injection pipe 17 below the bladder of the first packer 18 still contains top and bottom plate water that was not completely discharged into the first aeration layer 2 (this may be because after the previous sealing of the top and bottom plate water, the top and bottom plate water within the injection section 6 and the two horizontal gas transmission wells 9 had not yet fully diffused into the rock formations of the first aeration layer 2, resulting in the filling of the injection section 6 and the two horizontal gas transmission wells 9 with top and bottom plate water). This top and bottom plate water supports the bladder of the first packer 18 from below, and together with the gas under certain pressure within the bladder, it can withstand the pressure of the carbon dioxide above the bladder.

[0085] The injection pipe 17 of the present invention serves as an injection channel, which can be used to inject water and gas respectively in different time periods. The two packers on the gas injection pipe can block the space between the injection pipe 17 and the well wall between the gas injection well section 5, the water injection well section 1 6 and the water injection well section 2 7 to prevent the gas and water injected into each well section from mixing. The bladder inside the two packers themselves can correspondingly block the inside of the gas injection pipe to prevent the injected gas and water from entering the next well section. The injection pipe 17 can only inject one fluid (waste gas or wastewater) in the same time period. According to the sealing layer corresponding to the injected fluid, the bladder opens or closes so that the injected fluid can enter the corresponding sealing layer.

[0086] Optionally, an upwardly angled outlet pipe is provided at the through-hole on the sidewall of the injection pipe 17 corresponding to the gas injection well section 5 and the water injection well section 6. The outlet pipe has a wavy curved shape, and the inner diameter of the outlet pipe is equal to the aperture of the corresponding through-hole. The gas or liquid in the injection pipe 17 is discharged through the outlet pipe, which can increase the resistance of the discharged fluid. The outlet pipe extends obliquely upward for a short distance from the gas injection pipe.

[0087] Optionally, a liftable well-blocking pipe 12 is provided above the gas injection well section 5. The well-blocking pipe 12 is hollow cylindrical and open at both ends. The well-blocking pipe 12 is sleeved on the outside of the injection pipe 17 and can be set concentrically with the injection pipe 17. The top of the well-blocking pipe 12 is connected to a lifting device outside the wellhead on the ground (such as several winches) through several ropes to control the lifting and lowering of the well-blocking pipe 12. The inner wall of the well-blocking pipe 12 is outside the top end of the outlet pipe and does not touch the outlet pipe.

[0088] When roof and floor water or mine water is introduced into the injection pipe 17, a portion of the liquid will be ejected from the through-holes corresponding to the portion of the gas injection well section 5. The present invention incorporates a wavy outlet pipe to increase the resistance to the water spray and minimize the amount of water ejected. Furthermore, at this time, the well block pipe 12 is lowered to the portion of the injection pipe 17 corresponding to the through-holes in the gas injection well section 5, shielding this portion. The liquid ejected from the outlet pipe is blocked by the inner wall of the well block pipe 12, flowing down along the inner wall of the well block pipe 12 to the bottom of the gas injection well section 5, and then discharged from the water guide shaft 1.

Claims

1. A drilling method for adaptive multi-type fluid phase and layer geological storage, characterized in that: include: S1: Determine the depths of the gas sealing layer, the first water sealing layer, and the second water sealing layer from top to bottom in the target plot, which are used to store carbon dioxide, top and bottom water, and mine water respectively; S2: Determine the target well location and drill a vertical shaft. Drill the first well section to the bottom of the gas-sealing layer, the second well section to the bottom of the first water-sealing layer, and the third well section to the bottom of the second water-sealing layer. S3: Drill at least one gas transmission horizontal well from the top of the gas sealing layer corresponding to the first well opening section, and the gas transmission horizontal well is located in the gas sealing layer; drill a water pilot well 1 from the bottom of the gas sealing layer corresponding to the first well opening section, and the water pilot well 1 has a branch horizontal well in the first water sealing layer and the second water sealing layer respectively; S4: Drill at least one water delivery horizontal well 1 from the second well section corresponding to the top of the first water sealing layer, the water delivery horizontal well 1 is located in the first water sealing layer; drill a water pilot well 2 from the second well section corresponding to the bottom of the first water sealing layer, the water pilot well 2 extends into the second water sealing layer; S5: Cementing and completing the vertical shaft; In step S2, the vertical direction of the target well location can penetrate the middle of the gas sealing layer, the first water sealing layer, and the second water sealing layer; the portion of the first opening section corresponding to the gas sealing layer is the gas injection well section, the portion of the second opening section corresponding to the first water sealing layer is the water injection well section 1, and the portion of the third opening section corresponding to the second water sealing layer is the water injection well section 2; In step S3, the water pilot well 1 includes a main well section 1 and two branch horizontal wells. The main well section 1 is inclined downward, the top of the main well section 1 is connected to the bottom of the gas injection well section, the bottom of the main well section 1 is in the first water-sealing layer, and is connected in parallel to the tops of the two branch horizontal wells; the first branch horizontal well is inside the first water-sealing layer and extends away from the water injection well section 1; the second branch horizontal well continues to penetrate into the second water-sealing layer and then extends away from the water injection well section 2; In step S4, the water guide well 2 includes a main well section 2 and a horizontal well. The main well section 2 is inclined downward, the top of the main well section 2 is connected to the bottom of the water injection well section 1, the bottom of the main well section 2 is in the second water sealing layer, and is connected to the starting end of the horizontal well; the horizontal well is inside the second water sealing layer and extends in the direction away from the water injection well section 2.

2. The drilling method for adaptive multi-type fluid phase and layer geological storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two horizontal gas transmission wells are drilled starting from the top of the gas injection well section. The two horizontal gas transmission wells are symmetrically arranged with the gas injection well section as the center. The two horizontal gas transmission wells extend in two opposite directions in the gas sealing layer.

3. The drilling method for adaptive multi-type fluid phase and layer geological storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second gate is provided at the bottom of the main well section 1 corresponding to the top of the second branch horizontal well; a first gate is provided at the bottom of the main well section 1 corresponding to the top of the first branch horizontal well, and the opening and closing of the two gates control the wastewater in the water diversion well 1 to be injected into the first water sealing layer or the second water sealing layer; A horizontal connecting wellbore 1 is provided at the position where the gas injection well section connects to the top of the main well section 1, and the connecting wellbore 1 protrudes into the interior of the gas injection well section; a third gate and its matching control device are provided on the inner wall of the gas injection well section, so that the third gate can move up and down, and when the third gate corresponds to the connecting wellbore 1, it can move toward the connecting wellbore 1, thereby closing the port of the connecting wellbore 1 and blocking the connection between the gas injection well section and the water diversion well 1.

4. The drilling method for adaptive multi-type fluid phase and layer geological storage according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S4, two water delivery horizontal wells 1 are drilled starting from the top of the water injection well section 1. The two water delivery horizontal wells 1 are symmetrically arranged with the water injection well section 1 as the center, and extend in two opposite directions within the first water-sealing layer. In step S4, two water delivery horizontal wells 2 are drilled starting from the top of the water injection well section 2. The two water delivery horizontal wells 2 are symmetrically arranged with the water injection well section 2 as the center, and extend in two opposite directions in the second water sealing layer.

5. The drilling method for adaptive multi-type fluid phase and layer geological storage according to claim 4, characterized in that: A horizontal connecting wellbore 2 is provided at the position where the injection well section 1 is connected to the top of the main well section 2. The connecting wellbore 2 protrudes into the interior of the injection well section 1. A fourth gate and its matching control device are provided on the inner wall of the injection well section 1, so that the fourth gate can move up and down, and when the fourth gate corresponds to the connecting wellbore 2, it can move toward the connecting wellbore 2, thereby closing the connecting wellbore 2 port and blocking the connection between the injection well section 1 and the water diversion well 2.

6. The drilling method for adaptive multi-type fluid phase and layer geological storage according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S5, sections of well pipes are arranged in sequence from bottom to top in the vertical shaft. The side wall of the well pipe at the top of the water injection well section 2 is provided with two wellheads, and the two wellheads correspond to the starting ends of the two water supply horizontal wells 2 respectively; the side wall of the well pipe at the top of the water injection well section 1 is provided with two wellheads, and the two wellheads correspond to the starting ends of the two water supply horizontal wells 1 respectively; the side wall of the well pipe at the top of the gas injection well section is provided with two wellheads, and the two wellheads correspond to the starting ends of the two gas supply horizontal wells respectively.

7. The drilling method for adaptive multi-type fluid phase and layer geological storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: After step S5, the process further includes lowering an injection pipe into the vertical shaft. Specifically, a second packer is provided at the bottom of the injection pipe to separate the second injection well section from the well section above it; and the injection branch pipes are sequentially connected and lowered into the vertical shaft to form the injection pipe. The injection pipe is also connected to a first packer, which separates the water injection well section 1 from the well section above it; the top of the injection pipe on the ground is connected to a carbon dioxide gas source, a roof and floor water source, and a mine water source in parallel through pipelines; The portion of the injection pipe corresponding to the gas injection well section is evenly and densely covered with through holes for releasing carbon dioxide to the gas injection well section; the portion of the injection pipe corresponding to the water injection well section 1 is evenly and densely covered with through holes for inputting top and bottom plate water to the water injection well section 1.

8. The drilling method for adaptive multi-type fluid phase and layer geological storage according to claim 7, characterized in that: Each packer is equipped with a retractable bladder inside, which is used to temporarily block the internal passage of the injection pipe, making it convenient to input different wastewater or waste gas into different formations; two pipes connecting the first packer and the second packer are provided on the inner wall or outer wall of the injection pipe, respectively, to inject gas into the bladder of the first packer and hydraulic oil into the bladder of the second packer.

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