Nickel-hydrogen battery

Abstract

The invention discloses a nickel-hydrogen battery, and relates to the technical field of batteries. Comprising a high-pressure-resistant shell, the middle section of the high-pressure-resistant shell is cylindrical, and the upper section and the lower section of the high-pressure-resistant shell are both hemispherical; an electrode plate group is arranged in the high-voltage-resistant shell; the high-voltage-resistant shell is provided with a positive terminal, a negative terminal and a gas-liquid filling port; and electrolyte and hydrogen are added into the shell through the gas-liquid filling port. The invention provides a brand new battery which does not need conventional maintenance and has the characteristics of high safety, long cycle life, high charging and discharging speed, low whole life cycle cost and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of batteries, and particularly to a nickel-hydrogen battery. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the accelerated construction of a new energy system, the electrochemical energy storage technology has witnessed explosive growth, and the technical routes are diverse. The requirements for batteries are also getting higher and higher. High-performance batteries with high cycle life, low cost, easy recycling, fast charge and discharge speed, and safety and stability are an important direction for research and development. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main object of the present invention is to provide a nickel-hydrogen battery to solve the above problems.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a nickel-hydrogen battery, including a high-pressure resistant housing. The middle section of the high-pressure resistant housing is cylindrical, and the upper and lower sections are both hemispherical. An electrode plate group is provided inside the high-pressure resistant housing. A positive terminal, a negative terminal, and a gas-liquid filling port are provided on the high-pressure resistant housing. Electrolyte and hydrogen are added into the housing through the gas-liquid filling port.

[0005] During charging, the positive electrode reaction equation is:

[0006] Ni(OH)2 + OH - → NiOOH + H2O + e - ;

[0007] 4OH - → 2H2O + O2 + 4e - ;

[0008] The negative electrode reaction equation is:

[0009] M + H2O + e - → MH + OH - ;

[0010] 2H2O + O2 + 4e - → 4OH - ;

[0011] During discharging, the positive electrode reaction equation is:

[0012] NiOOH + H2O + e - → Ni(OH)2 + OH - ;

[0013] 2H2O + 2e - → H2 + 2OH - ;

[0014] The negative electrode reaction equation is:

[0015] MH + OH - → M + H₂O + e - ;

[0016] H₂ + 2OH - → 2H₂O + 2e - ;

[0017] The overall reaction equation is: where M represents the hydrogen storage alloy.

[0018] Furthermore, the electrode plate group includes an upper fixing plate, a lower fixing plate, a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate, a positive bus bar column, and a negative bus bar column; the upper fixing plate and the lower fixing plate are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the high-voltage resistant housing, and the upper fixing plate and the lower fixing plate are made of insulating materials; the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate are arranged between the upper fixing plate and the lower fixing plate, there are multiple positive electrode plates and negative electrode plates, and they are arranged in an alternating manner; the positive bus bar column and the negative bus bar column are both arranged on the upper fixing plate and the lower fixing plate; multiple positive electrode plates are fixedly connected to the positive bus bar column, and multiple negative electrode plates are fixedly connected to the negative bus bar column; the positive bus bar column is connected to the positive terminal through a wire, and the negative bus bar column is connected to the negative terminal through a wire.

[0019] Furthermore, the positive electrode plate is made of nickel hydroxide; the negative electrode plate is made of metal hydride.

[0020] Furthermore, both the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate are in a foam shape.

[0021] Furthermore, a separator is arranged between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate.

[0022] Furthermore, the separator is fixed on the positive bus bar column and the negative bus bar column.

[0023] Furthermore, the electrode plate group is arranged in the middle section of the high-voltage resistant housing.

[0024] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] The present invention provides a brand-new battery, which does not require routine maintenance and has the characteristics of high safety, long cycle life, fast charge and discharge speed, and low full-life cycle cost. Description of the Drawings

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a nickel-hydrogen battery of the present invention.

[0027] Among them, 1 - high-voltage resistant housing; 2 - gas-liquid filling port; 3 - positive terminal; 4 - negative terminal; 5 - wire; 6 - electrode plate group; 61 - upper fixing plate; 62 - lower fixing plate; 63 - positive bus bar column; 64 - negative bus bar column; 65 - positive electrode plate; 66 - negative electrode plate; 67 - separator. Detailed implementation mode

[0028] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose and effect, the technical means and structure adopted by the present invention will be described in detail in combination with the drawings for the preferred embodiments of the present invention to explain its features and functions.

[0029] As shown in Figure 1 the figure, the present invention provides a nickel-hydrogen battery, which includes a high-pressure-resistant housing 1. The middle section of the high-pressure-resistant housing 1 is cylindrical, and the upper and lower sections are both hemispherical; an electrode plate group 6 is arranged inside the middle section of the high-pressure-resistant housing 1; a positive terminal 3, a negative terminal 4 and a gas-liquid filling port 2 are arranged on the high-pressure-resistant housing 1; electrolyte and hydrogen are added into the housing through the gas-liquid filling port 2.

[0030] The electrode plate group 6 includes an upper fixing plate 61, a lower fixing plate 62, a positive electrode plate 65, a negative electrode plate 66, a positive bus bar 63 and a negative bus bar 64; the upper fixing plate 61 and the lower fixing plate 62 are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the high-pressure-resistant housing 1, and both the upper fixing plate 61 and the lower fixing plate 62 are made of insulating materials; the positive electrode plate 65 and the negative electrode plate 66 are arranged between the upper fixing plate 61 and the lower fixing plate 62, and a plurality of positive electrode plates 65 and negative electrode plates 66 are arranged, and are arranged in an alternating manner; the positive bus bar 63 and the negative bus bar 64 are both arranged on the upper fixing plate 61 and the lower fixing plate 62; a plurality of positive electrode plates 65 are fixedly connected to the positive bus bar 63, and a plurality of negative electrode plates 66 are fixedly connected to the negative bus bar 64; the positive bus bar 63 is connected to the positive terminal 3 through a wire 5, and the negative bus bar 64 is connected to the negative terminal 4 through a wire 5. The positive electrode plate 65 can adopt nickel hydroxide; the negative electrode plate 66 can adopt metal hydride, and the electrolyte can adopt potassium hydroxide.

[0031] As a preferred embodiment, both the positive electrode plate 65 and the negative electrode plate 66 are in a foam shape to increase the reaction area.

[0032] As a preferred embodiment, a separator 67 is arranged between the positive electrode plate 65 and the negative electrode plate 66. By arranging the separator 67, the contact between the two electrodes can be prevented from short-circuiting, and at the same time, ions and electrons in the electrolyte can freely pass between the positive electrode plate 65 and the negative electrode plate 66.

[0033] As a preferred embodiment, the separator 67 is fixed on the positive bus bar 63 and the negative bus bar 64 to prevent detachment.

[0034] The reaction principles of the positive and negative electrodes of the present invention are as follows:

[0035] During charging, the positive electrode reaction equation is:

[0036] Ni(OH)2 + OH - → NOOH + H2O + e - ;

[0037] 4OH - → 2H2O + O2 + 4e - ;

[0038] The negative electrode reaction equation is:

[0039] M + H2O + e - → MH + OH - ;

[0040] 2H2O + O2 + 4e - → 4OH - ;

[0041] During discharging, the positive electrode reaction equation is:

[0042] NiOOH + H2O + e - → Ni(OH)2 + OH - ;

[0043] 2H2O + 2e - → H2 + 2OH - ;

[0044] The negative electrode reaction equation is:

[0045] MH + OH - → M + H2O + e - ;

[0046] H2 + 2OH - → 2H2O + 2e - ;

[0047] The total reaction equation is: Wherein M represents a hydrogen storage alloy.

[0048] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Anyone should know that any structural changes made under the inspiration of the present invention, as long as they have the same or similar technical solutions as the present invention, fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A nickel-hydrogen battery, characterized in that: It comprises a high-pressure resistant shell, the middle section of which is cylindrical, and the upper section and the lower section are both hemispherical; an electrode plate group is arranged inside the high-pressure resistant shell; a positive terminal, a negative terminal and a gas-liquid filling port are arranged on the high-pressure resistant shell; electrolyte and hydrogen are added into the shell through the gas-liquid filling port; When charging, the positive electrode reaction equation is: Ni(OH)2+OH - →NOOH+H2O+e - 100. 4OH - →2H2O+O2+4e - ; The negative electrode reaction equation is: M+H2O+e - →MH+OH - ; 2H2O+O2+4e - →4OH - ; During discharge, the positive electrode reaction equation is: NiOOH+H2O+e - →Ni(OH)2+OH - 4 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr">2H2O+2e<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> - <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> →H2+2OH<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> - <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> ; The negative electrode reaction equation is: MH+OH - →M+H2O+e - 4 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr">H2+2OH<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> - <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> →2H2O+2e<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> - <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> ; The overall reaction equation is: Wherein M represents a hydrogen storage alloy.

2. A nickel-hydrogen battery as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The electrode plate group includes an upper fixed plate, a lower fixed plate, a positive plate, a negative plate, a positive busbar post and a negative busbar post; the upper fixed plate and the lower fixed plate are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the high-voltage resistant shell, and the upper fixed plate and the lower fixed plate are made of insulating material; the positive plate and the negative plate are arranged between the upper fixed plate and the lower fixed plate, and there are multiple positive plates and negative plates, which are arranged in a staggered manner; the positive busbar post and the negative busbar post are both arranged on the upper fixed plate and the lower fixed plate; multiple positive plates are fixedly connected to the positive busbar post, and multiple negative plates are fixedly connected to the negative busbar post; the positive busbar post is connected to the positive terminal by a wire, and the negative busbar post is connected to the negative terminal by a wire.

3. A nickel-hydrogen battery as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The positive electrode plate adopts nickel hydroxide; the negative electrode plate adopts metal hydride.

4. A nickel-hydrogen battery as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate are both foam-type.

5. A nickel-hydrogen battery as claimed in claim 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that: A separator is arranged between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate.

6. A nickel-hydrogen battery as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The diaphragm is fixed on the positive busbar post and the negative busbar post.

7. A nickel-hydrogen battery as claimed in claim 1 or 6, characterized in that: The electrode plate group is arranged in the middle section of the high-pressure resistant shell.

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