Ground surface ecological restoration cultivation equipment for rural planning and construction and operation method

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides ground surface ecological restoration cultivation equipment for rural planning and construction and an operation method, and relates to the field. The surface ecological restoration cultivation equipment for rural planning and construction comprises a frame body, a mixing mechanism, a material guide mechanism and a conveying mechanism, the mixing mechanism is connected with the frame body, and the material guiding mechanism is used for receiving the seedling raising substrate discharged by the mixing mechanism and guiding the seedling raising substrate to the conveying mechanism. Through cooperative operation of the frame body, the mixing mechanism, the material guiding mechanism and the conveying mechanism, indigenous herbal seeds, decomposed organic fertilizer, peat soil and clay are mixed, and water is added to prepare a uniform seedling raising substrate with appropriate humidity; the problems of low seed germination rate and slow vegetation recovery caused by soil hardening, nutrient loss or heavy metal pollution in the background technology are effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of cultivation equipment, and specifically refers to a surface ecological restoration cultivation equipment and operation method for rural planning and construction. Background Art

[0002] In rural planning and construction, surface ecological restoration is an important link in achieving sustainable development. Due to factors such as long-term agricultural activities, land development, and natural disasters, rural areas often face problems such as soil erosion, vegetation degradation, and decline in ecosystem functions. Surface ecological restoration can not only effectively prevent soil erosion, but also improve the productivity and ecological value of land by restoring vegetation cover, improving soil structure, and enhancing ecosystem stability, providing guarantee for the sustainable development of rural ecological environment.

[0003] In ecological restoration practice, sowing native plants that are easy to grow is one of the common methods. These plants, such as grass seeds of the Poaceae family (ryegrass, fescue) and leguminous plants (alfalfa, white clover), can quickly cover the ground surface, reduce soil erosion due to their rapid growth, strong adaptability, and well-developed root systems. At the same time, the nitrogen-fixing effect of leguminous plants can significantly improve soil fertility, laying a foundation for subsequent vegetation restoration. Through scientific seed selection and planting, these plants can form a stable vegetation layer in a relatively short time, promoting the accumulation of soil organic matter and the improvement of microbial activity.

[0004] However, due to the serious damage of the soil in some rural areas, such as soil compaction, nutrient loss, or heavy metal pollution, the sown seeds often have difficulty germinating or growing normally. Traditional sowing methods have limited effects under harsh soil conditions, with low seed germination rates and slow vegetation restoration processes, making it difficult to meet the requirements of efficient ecological restoration. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a planting technology that can improve the seed germination rate and adapt to harsh soil environments to promote the implementation effect of rural surface ecological restoration. Summary of the Invention

[0005] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a surface ecological restoration cultivation equipment and operation method for rural planning and construction are provided. It is used to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0006] In the first aspect of the present invention, a surface ecological restoration cultivation equipment for rural planning and construction is provided.

[0007] The surface ecological restoration cultivation equipment for rural planning and construction includes: a frame body, a mixing mechanism, a feeding mechanism, and a conveying mechanism; the mixing mechanism is connected to the frame body, and the feeding mechanism is used to receive the seedling cultivation substrate discharged by the mixing mechanism and guide the seedling cultivation substrate onto the conveying mechanism.

[0008] Preferably, the frame body includes a support frame and a mounting frame. The mounting frame is L-shaped and fixedly connected to the support frame. The mixing mechanism includes a mixing tank and a stirring assembly. The mixing tank is fixedly connected to the support frame, and the stirring assembly is mounted on the mounting frame and extends into the mixing tank.

[0009] Preferably, the stirring assembly includes a driving assembly, a stirring shaft, stirring blades and a spiral blade. The driving assembly is mounted on the mounting frame. The stirring shaft is rotatably connected to the mounting frame and connected to the driving assembly. The stirring blades are mounted on the stirring shaft, and the spiral blade is mounted at the lower end of the stirring shaft.

[0010] Preferably, the driving assembly includes a first motor, a worm gear and a worm. The first motor is fixedly mounted on the mounting frame. The worm is connected to the output end of the first motor, and the worm gear is fixedly connected to the stirring shaft.

[0011] Preferably, the stirring blade is a spiral curved plate body. There are notches on the stirring blade. A reinforcing ring is connected to the outside of the stirring blade, and inclined scraping plates are arranged on the reinforcing ring.

[0012] Preferably, the feeding mechanism includes a feeding plate, a vibrating mechanism, a box body, a shearing assembly and a support member. The feeding plate is rotatably connected to the support member and is in an inclined state. The box body is mounted on the vibrating mechanism, and the vibrating mechanism is connected to the feeding plate. The cross-section of the feeding plate is arc-shaped. The shearing assembly includes two first gears, swing arms, a second motor and two support rods. The two swing arms are rotatably connected to the frame body. The two support rods are respectively fixedly connected to the two swing arms. Shearing parts are arranged at the ends of the two swing arms away from the frame body. When the two shearing parts are in contact with each other, the two support rods cross each other. The feeding plate is in an inclined state and contacts the support rods. The second motor is fixedly connected to the frame body. The output end of the second motor is connected to one of the first gears. The two first gears are rotatably connected to the frame body. Transmission rods are arranged on the lower surfaces of the two first gears. Transmission grooves are formed on the two swing arms. The two transmission rods extend into the transmission grooves and are slidably connected to the transmission grooves. The two first gears are meshed with each other.

[0013] Preferably, the vibration mechanism includes a first screen, a second screen, a third motor, a driving arm, a connecting rod, a first spring sheet and a second spring sheet; the box body is fixedly connected to the material guide plate via a U-shaped frame, the box body is connected to the first screen via a first spring sheet, the second screen is connected to the first screen via a second spring sheet, the third motor is fixedly connected to the first screen, the output end of the third motor is connected to the driving arm, the driving arm is rotatably connected to the connecting rod, and the end of the connecting rod away from the driving arm is rotatably connected to the second screen.

[0014] Preferably, the conveying mechanism includes two shafts, two second gears, two mounting seats and a fourth motor; the two shafts are installed between the two mounting seats, the two shafts are arranged at an angle, spiral conveying grooves are provided on the two shafts, the two second gears are respectively fixedly connected to the two shafts, the two second gears are meshingly connected, and the fourth motor is connected to one of the second gears.

[0015] Another aspect of the present invention provides an operation method of a surface ecological restoration and cultivation device for rural planning and construction, comprising the following steps: Raw material preparation and input: native herb seeds, decomposed organic fertilizer, peat soil and clay are weighed according to the predetermined mass ratio and then put into the mixing mechanism; Add water and mix: Start the mixing mechanism, add 20% to 30% of the total mass of dry materials in water, and mix through the stirring component to form a seedling medium that can be held in the hand without dripping water; Seedling medium discharge: the mixed seedling medium is discharged to the material guide mechanism through the discharge pipe; Material guiding and surface treatment: The seedling matrix is ​​received by the material guiding mechanism, and the plant ash is evenly attached to the surface of the seedling matrix; Transportation and placement: The seedling matrix with wood ash attached to the surface is transported through a transportation mechanism.

[0016] Preferably, the native herb seeds, decomposed organic fertilizer, peat soil and clay are weighed in a mass ratio of 1:2:5:2; the mixing mechanism coordinates the mixing bell through the stirring shaft, stirring blades and spiral blades; the material guiding mechanism drives the first screen and the second screen to vibrate through the vibration mechanism to make the wood ash evenly scattered, and shears the seedling matrix through the shearing component; the conveying mechanism rolls the seedling matrix into a nearly spherical shape through the spiral conveying groove on the fourth motor driving shaft.

[0017] One or more technical solutions provided in this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages: A surface ecological restoration and cultivation device for rural planning and construction provided by the present invention, through the coordinated operation of a frame, a mixing mechanism, a material guiding mechanism and a conveying mechanism, accurately mixes native herb seeds, decomposed organic fertilizer, peat soil and clay according to a mass ratio of 1:2:5:2, and adds 20% - 30% of water to prepare a uniform and appropriately humid seedling-raising substrate, effectively solving the problems of low seed germination rate and slow vegetation restoration caused by soil compaction, nutrient loss or heavy metal pollution in the background technology. This seedling-raising substrate is rich in nutrients, has a loose structure, and excellent water and fertilizer retention performance, which can significantly improve the germination rate and survival rate of native plants such as ryegrass and alfalfa; through the material guiding mechanism and the conveying mechanism, the smooth guiding and uniform placement of the substrate are realized, ensuring the rapid formation of vegetation coverage on the restored surface, preventing soil erosion, improving soil fertility, and thus efficiently promoting the process of rural surface ecological restoration.

[0018] It should be understood that the content described in the Summary of the Invention section is not intended to limit the key or important features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it used to limit the scope of the present invention. Other features of the present invention will become easily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Combined with the drawings and referring to the following detailed description, the above and other features, advantages and aspects of the embodiments of the present invention will become more obvious. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements, where: Figure 1 The three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the surface ecological restoration and cultivation device for rural planning and construction according to the embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 2 The front view structural schematic diagram of the surface ecological restoration and cultivation device for rural planning and construction according to the embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 3 The exploded structural schematic diagram of the mixing mechanism of the surface ecological restoration and cultivation device for rural planning and construction according to the embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 4 The three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the stirring assembly of the surface ecological restoration and cultivation device for rural planning and construction according to the embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 5 The three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the material guiding mechanism of the surface ecological restoration and cultivation device for rural planning and construction according to the embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 6 The exploded structural schematic diagram of the material guiding mechanism of the surface ecological restoration and cultivation device for rural planning and construction according to the embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 7 The three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the vibration mechanism of the surface ecological restoration and cultivation device for rural planning and construction according to the embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 8Shows an exploded structural schematic diagram of the vibration mechanism of the surface ecological restoration and cultivation equipment for rural planning and construction according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 Shows a bottom view structural schematic diagram of the shearing component of the surface ecological restoration and cultivation equipment for rural planning and construction according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 Shows a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the conveying mechanism of the surface ecological restoration and cultivation equipment for rural planning and construction according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Marking name 1 - Frame body, 11 - Support frame, 12 - Mounting frame, 2 - Mixing mechanism, 21 - Mixing tank, 22 - Stirring component, 221 - Driving component, 2211 - First motor, 2212 - Worm gear, 2213 - Worm, 222 - Stirring shaft, 223 - Stirring blade, 2231 - Notch, 2232 - Reinforcing ring, 2233 - Scraper, 224 - Helical blade, 3 - Feeding mechanism, 31 - Feeding plate, 32 - Vibration mechanism, 321 - First screen, 322 - Second screen, 323 - Third motor, 324 - Driving arm, 325 - Connecting rod, 326 - First spring piece, 327 - Second spring piece, 33 - Box body, 331 - U-shaped frame, 34 - Shearing component, 341 - First gear, 3411 - Transmission rod, 342 - Swing arm, 3421 - Shearing part, 3422 - Transmission groove, 343 - Second motor, 344 - Support rod, 35 - Support member, 4 - Conveying mechanism, 41 - Shaft body, 411 - Spiral conveying groove, 42 - Second gear, 43 - Mounting seat, 44 - Fourth motor. Detailed implementation manners

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Apparently, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0022] In addition, the term "and / or" in this article is merely a description of the associated relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after.

[0023] Such as Figures 1 to 10As shown in the figure, the rural planning and construction surface ecological restoration and cultivation equipment of the present invention includes a frame 1, a mixing mechanism 2, a feeding mechanism 3, and a conveying mechanism 4. The frame 1 is the main support structure of the equipment, used to fix and support other components. The mixing mechanism 2 is fixedly connected to the frame 1 and is used to mix native herb seeds, decomposed organic fertilizer, peat soil, clay, and water to form a uniform seedling-raising substrate. The feeding mechanism 3 is arranged below the mixing mechanism 2 and is used to receive the seedling-raising substrate discharged from the mixing mechanism 2 and guide the seedling-raising substrate to the conveying mechanism 4. The conveying mechanism 4 is used to convey the seedling-raising substrate.

[0024] During use, the operator prepares and puts the seedling-raising substrate according to the following steps: Weigh the native herb seeds (such as ryegrass, alfalfa), decomposed organic fertilizer, peat soil, and clay according to a mass ratio of 1:2:5:2. For example, take 1 kg of native herb seeds, 2 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer, 5 kg of peat soil, and 2 kg of clay, with a total mass of 10 kg. Put the above raw materials into the mixing mechanism 2 and add water with a mass of 20% - 30% of the total mass of the raw materials (i.e., 2 kg - 3 kg). The mixing mechanism 2 fully mixes the raw materials and water through a stirring device (such as a spiral stirrer) until the seedling-raising substrate reaches the state of being able to form a ball in the hand but not drip water. After mixing, the mixing mechanism 2 discharges the seedling-raising substrate to the feeding mechanism 3 through the bottom discharge port. The feeding mechanism 3 adopts an inclined plane or funnel structure to ensure that the seedling-raising substrate is smoothly guided to the conveying mechanism 4. The conveying mechanism 4 (which can adopt a conveyor belt or a screw conveyor) evenly conveys the seedling-raising substrate to the target restoration surface or other positions for later sowing. The operator can adjust the feeding speed and direction of the conveying mechanism 4 according to the size and shape of the restoration area to ensure that the seedling-raising substrate is evenly distributed.

[0025] In this embodiment, the frame 1 includes a support frame 11 and a mounting frame 12. The mounting frame 12 is in an L-shaped structure and is fixedly connected to the support frame 11 by bolts or welding to form a stable equipment support frame. The support frame 11 is made of high-strength steel to ensure the stability of the equipment in complex terrains. The mixing mechanism 2 includes a mixing tank 21 and a stirring assembly 22; the mixing tank 21 is a cylindrical container made of corrosion-resistant stainless steel, with a feeding port at the upper end and a discharge port at the lower end. The mixing tank 21 is firmly connected to the support frame 11 through a fixed bracket. The stirring assembly 22 is installed on the horizontal part of the mounting frame 12 and extends into the mixing tank 21 through a sealed bearing to ensure no leakage during the stirring process.

[0026] Precisely weigh native herb seeds (such as ryegrass and alfalfa), decomposed organic fertilizer, peat soil, and clay according to a mass ratio of 1:2:5:2, and input them through the feed inlet of the mixing tank 21. Start the stirring assembly 22, and during the stirring process, slowly add water with a mass of 20% - 30% of the total mass of the dry materials (for example, add 2 - 3 kg of water to 10 kg of dry materials) through the water inlet pipe. The stirring assembly 22 fully mixes the native herb seeds, decomposed organic fertilizer, peat soil, clay, and water through high-speed rotation and circular motion to form a uniform seedling-raising substrate. After mixing is completed, the humidity of the seedling-raising substrate reaches the state where it can be formed into a ball by hand but does not drip water, which is suitable for seed germination and vegetation restoration.

[0027] In this embodiment, a discharge pipe is provided at the lower end of the mixing tank 21, and a controllable valve (not shown in the figure) is installed on the discharge pipe to precisely control the discharge amount of the seedling-raising substrate. The stirring assembly 22 includes a driving assembly 221, a stirring shaft 222, stirring blades 223, and a spiral blade 224. The driving assembly 221 is fixedly installed on the horizontal part of the mounting frame 12. The stirring shaft 222 is rotatably connected to the mounting frame 12 through bearings and is coupled to the output end of the driving assembly 221. The stirring blades 223 are of a multi-piece structure and are evenly distributed along the middle of the stirring shaft 222, and are designed with an inclined angle to enhance the mixing efficiency of the materials. The spiral blade 224 is fixed to the lower end of the stirring shaft 222, and its spiral direction is consistent with the movement trajectory of the materials being conveyed upward when the stirring shaft rotates forward.

[0028] During use, the driving assembly 221 drives the stirring shaft 222 to rotate forward, and the stirring shaft 222 drives the stirring blades 223 and the spiral blade 224 to rotate synchronously. The spiral blade 224 conveys the materials (native herb seeds, decomposed organic fertilizer, peat soil, clay, and water) in the mixing tank 21 upward along the inner wall of the tank to prevent the materials from being discharged prematurely through the discharge pipe. At the same time, the stirring blades 223 perform transverse shearing and flipping stirring on the upward-moving materials, and the materials fall back under the action of gravity, forming an up-and-down circulating mixing path, thereby significantly improving the uniformity of the materials and ensuring the full fusion of each component in the seedling-raising substrate.

[0029] After mixing is completed, the control system is used to make the stirring shaft 222 rotate in the reverse direction. The spiral blade 224 changes the conveying direction, pushes the seedling-raising substrate downward to the discharge pipe, and precisely discharges the seedling-raising substrate to the guiding mechanism 3 by opening the valve. The guiding mechanism 3 adopts an inclined slide plate or a funnel structure to ensure that the seedling-raising substrate is smoothly guided to the conveying mechanism 4 to avoid material accumulation or scattering.

[0030] In this embodiment, the driving assembly 221 includes a first motor 2211, a worm gear 2212 and a worm 2213. The first motor 2211 is a servo motor, which is fixedly installed on the mounting bracket 12, and the running vibration is reduced through a shock pad. The worm 2213 is connected to the output shaft of the first motor 2211 through a coupling, and the worm gear 2212 is fixedly connected to the stirring shaft 222 through a keyway. When the first motor 2211 is started, its output shaft drives the worm 2213 to rotate. The worm 2213 meshes with the worm gear 2212 to drive the stirring shaft 222 to rotate stably. The transmission structure of the worm gear 2212 and the worm 2213 has a high transmission ratio and a self-locking function, ensuring that the stirring shaft 222 operates smoothly under high load conditions and can effectively prevent reverse sliding. The first motor 2211 realizes forward and reverse rotation and speed adjustment through a programmable logic controller (PLC) to meet different requirements of stirring and discharging. The valve of the discharge pipe adopts a solenoid valve, which is linked with the control system and automatically adjusts the opening degree according to the mixing process to ensure that the discharge amount of the seedling-raising substrate matches the processing capacity of the conveying mechanism 4, so as to realize efficient and continuous preparation and feeding of the seedling-raising substrate.

[0031] In this embodiment, the stirring blade 223 is a spiral curved plate body. A notch 2231 is provided on the stirring blade 223. A reinforcing ring 2232 is connected to the outside of the stirring blade 223, and an inclined scraping plate 2233 is provided on the reinforcing ring 2232.

[0032] The setting of the reinforcing ring 2232 can effectively improve the stability of the stirring blade 223. The scraping plate 2233 contacts the inner wall of the mixing tank 21. When the stirring blade 223 rotates, it will drive the reinforcing ring 2232 and the scraping plate 2233 to rotate. The scraping plate 2233 cleans the inner wall of the mixing tank 21 to prevent a large amount of materials from sticking to the inner wall of the mixing tank 21. The notch 2231 is a semi-circular or trapezoidal cut regularly distributed along the edge of the stirring blade 223, which is used to increase the turbulence effect of the materials during the stirring process, promote the full mixing among the native herb seeds, decomposed organic fertilizer, peat soil, clay and water, reduce the stirring resistance at the same time, and reduce the energy consumption of the driving assembly 221. The reinforcing ring 2232 is made of high-strength stainless steel material and is fixed to the outer edge of the stirring blade 223 by welding or bolts to form a closed ring structure, which not only enhances the anti-deformation ability of the stirring blade 223, but also can effectively bear the centrifugal force during high-speed rotation. The scraping plates 2233 are multiple inclined plates evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the reinforcing ring 2232, and the inclination angle is 30° - 45°. The contact surface between it and the inner wall of the mixing tank 21 adopts wear-resistant rubber or polytetrafluoroethylene material to reduce friction loss and improve the cleaning efficiency. When the scraping plate 2233 rotates, it can scrape off the seedling-raising substrate adhering to the inner wall of the mixing tank 21, ensure the full utilization of materials, reduce the cleaning frequency, and improve the operation efficiency of the equipment.

[0033] In this embodiment, the material guiding mechanism 3 includes a material guiding plate 31, a vibration mechanism 32, a box body 33, a shearing assembly 34 and a support 35; the material guiding plate 31 is rotatably connected to the support 35, the material guiding plate 31 is in an inclined state, the box body 33 is installed on the vibration mechanism 32, the vibration mechanism 32 is connected to the material guiding plate 31, and the cross section of the material guiding plate 31 is arc-shaped; The nursery substrate discharged from the discharge pipe is in a strip shape. Subsequently, the shearing assembly 34 is controlled to perform shearing, and the nursery substrate is sheared into an approximately cylindrical shape and falls onto the material guiding plate 31. The vibration mechanism 32 is started. The box body 33 is filled with plant ash. The vibration mechanism 32 shakes off the plant ash, which falls onto the material guiding plate 31. The surface of the nursery substrate rolling on the material guiding plate 31 will be stained with plant ash. Subsequently, the nursery substrate will fall into the conveying mechanism 4 and be conveyed by the conveying mechanism 4.

[0034] The shearing assembly 34 includes two first gears 341, swing arms 342, a second motor 343 and two support rods 344; the two swing arms 342 are rotatably connected to the frame body 1, the two support rods 344 are respectively fixedly connected to the two swing arms 342, a shearing part 3421 is arranged at one end of the two swing arms 342 away from the frame body 1. In the state where the two shearing parts 3421 are in contact with each other, the two support rods 344 cross each other. The material guiding plate 31 is in an inclined state and contacts the support rods 344. The second motor 343 is fixedly connected to the frame body 1, the output end of the second motor 343 is connected to one of the first gears 341, the two first gears 341 are rotatably connected to the frame body 1, transmission rods 3411 are arranged on the lower surfaces of the two first gears 341, transmission grooves 3422 are formed in the two swing arms 342, the two transmission rods 3411 extend into the transmission grooves 3422 and are slidably connected to the transmission grooves 3422, and the two first gears 341 are meshed and connected.

[0035] Start the second motor 343. The second motor 343 will drive the first gear 341 to rotate. The rotation of the two first gears 341 will drive the two transmission rods 3411 to rotate. The two transmission rods 3411 will drive the two swing arms 342 to rotate. The two swing arms 342 swing. When the two swing arms 342 approach each other, the seedling-growing substrate is sheared. At the same time, the material guide plate 31 is in the first inclined state, and the cut seedling-growing substrate also falls onto the material guide plate 31. When the two swing arms 342 move away from each other, the two swing arms 342 will drive the two mutually crossed support rods 344 to move. The support rod 344 drives the material guide plate 31 to swing, so that the material guide plate 31 is further inclined, that is, the end close to the shearing assembly 34 is lifted, thereby increasing the rolling speed of the seedling-growing substrate on the material guide plate 31. The arc-shaped cross-section design of the material guide plate 31 helps the seedling-growing substrate to remain stable during the rolling process and avoid scattering.

[0036] The shearing part 3421 is made of high-strength alloy steel, and its surface is heat-treated to improve hardness and wear resistance. The contact edge of the shearing part 3421 is serrated, which further improves the shearing efficiency and ensures that the shape of the cut seedling-growing substrate is regular. The contact part between the support rod 344 and the material guide plate 31 is provided with rollers, which reduces the frictional resistance and makes the change of the inclination angle of the material guide plate 31 smoother. The inclination angle range is controlled between 15° and 45° to balance the rolling speed and distribution uniformity of the seedling-growing substrate.

[0037] Among them, plant ash is rich in mineral elements such as potassium, calcium, and magnesium, especially the potassium content is high (existing in the form of potassium oxide, about 5%-10%), which can provide essential nutrients for seed germination and plant growth, promote root development and plant robustness. Plant ash is alkaline (pH 8-10), which can neutralize acidic soil, improve the soil pH value, enhance the air permeability and water retention of the soil, and is especially suitable for damaged ground surfaces that are acidified or compacted. Plant ash provides trace elements for soil microorganisms, stimulates the activity of beneficial microorganisms, accelerates the decomposition of organic matter, improves soil fertility, and is conducive to long-term ecological restoration.

[0038] In this embodiment, the vibration mechanism 32 includes a first screen 321, a second screen 322, a third motor 323, a drive arm 324, a connecting rod 325, a first spring piece 326, and a second spring piece 327; the box body 33 is fixedly connected to the material guide plate 31 through a U-shaped frame 331. The box body 33 is connected to the first screen 321 through the first spring piece 326. The second screen 322 is connected to the first screen 321 through the second spring piece 327. The third motor 323 is fixedly connected to the first screen 321. The output end of the third motor 323 is connected to the drive arm 324. The drive arm 324 is rotatably connected to the connecting rod 325. The end of the connecting rod 325 away from the drive arm 324 is rotatably connected to the second screen 322.

[0039] Start the third motor 323. The output end of the third motor 323 drives the driving arm 324 to rotate, and the driving arm 324 drives the connecting rod 325 to move. Since the first screen 321 and the box body 33 are connected by the first spring piece 326, and the second screen 322 is connected to the first screen 321 by the second spring piece 327, the rotation of the connecting rod 325 will drive the first screen 321 and the second screen 322 to vibrate. The plant ash contained in the box body 33 passes through the first screen 321 and the second screen 322 and falls onto the material guiding plate 31.

[0040] The first spring piece 326 and the second spring piece 327 are made of high-elastic stainless steel material.

[0041] In this embodiment, the conveying mechanism 4 includes two shaft bodies 41, two second gears 42, two mounting seats 43 and a fourth motor 44; the two shaft bodies 41 are installed between the two mounting seats 43, the two shaft bodies 41 are arranged obliquely, spiral conveying grooves 411 are formed on the two shaft bodies 41, the two second gears 42 are respectively fixedly connected to the two shaft bodies 41, the two second gears 42 are meshed and connected, and the fourth motor 44 is connected to one of the second gears 42.

[0042] Start the fourth motor 44. The output end of the fourth motor 44 will drive one of the second gears 42 to rotate. The second gear 42 will drive the two shaft bodies 41 to rotate. The spiral conveying grooves 411 on the two shaft bodies 41 convey the cylindrical seedling raising substrate, and by virtue of the characteristics of the spiral, the seedling raising substrate tends to be spherical. While conveying the seedling raising substrate, the seedling raising substrate is also prepared into a spherical shape for easy sowing.

[0043] The inclination angle of the shaft body 41 is 5° to 15°. The inclined setting can utilize gravity to assist the smooth conveying of the seedling raising substrate and avoid the accumulation of the seedling raising substrate during the conveying process.

[0044] In the surface ecological restoration and cultivation equipment for rural planning and construction, the material ratio of the seedling raising substrate is that native herb seeds (such as ryegrass, alfalfa), decomposed organic fertilizer, peat soil and clay are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:2:5:2, and water accounting for 20% - 30% of the total mass of the dry materials is added (for example, 23 kg of water is added to 10 kg of dry materials) to form a seedling raising substrate with moderate humidity. In the material guiding mechanism 3, the plant ash contained in the box body 33 is evenly scattered onto the material guiding plate 31 through the vibrating mechanism 32, so that the surface of the seedling raising substrate is attached with plant ash (0.05 - 0.1 kg of plant ash is attached to each kilogram of the seedling raising substrate). The fine particles of the plant ash can effectively reduce the surface viscosity of the seedling raising substrate, prevent it from adhering to the shaft body 41 and the spiral conveying grooves 411 of the conveying mechanism 4, ensure the smooth conveying of the seedling raising substrate and maintain the integrity of the spherical structure, and at the same time enhance the disease resistance of the seedling raising substrate and the soil improvement effect.

[0045] Another aspect of the present invention further provides an operation method of a surface ecological restoration and cultivation device for rural planning and construction, comprising the following steps: Raw material preparation and input: Weigh native herb seeds (such as ryegrass, alfalfa), decomposed organic fertilizer, peat soil and clay in a mass ratio of 1:2:5:2, and put them into the mixing tank of mixing mechanism 2.

[0046] Add water and mix: Start the mixing mechanism 2, add 20%-30% of the total mass of dry material in water (for example, 10 kg of dry material plus 23 kg of water), and mix thoroughly through the stirring component of the mixing mechanism 2 until the seedling medium reaches a state that can be held in the hand but does not drip water.

[0047] Seedling culture medium discharge: After mixing is completed, the mixing mechanism 2 is controlled to discharge the seedling culture medium to the material guiding mechanism 3 through the discharge pipe.

[0048] Material guiding and surface treatment: The material guiding mechanism 3 receives the seedling matrix, and evenly sprinkles the wood ash on the surface of the seedling matrix through a vibration device (0.05-0.1 kg is attached to each kilogram of seedling matrix), and guides the seedling matrix to the conveying mechanism 4.

[0049] Transport and delivery: The transport mechanism 4 is started to transport the seedling matrix with wood ash attached to the surface to the surface to be repaired, and the transport speed and direction are adjusted to ensure that the seedling matrix is ​​evenly distributed in the repair area.

[0050] Furthermore, in the operation of the surface ecological restoration and cultivation equipment for rural planning and construction, first, the native herb seeds (such as ryegrass, alfalfa), decomposed organic fertilizer, peat soil and clay are accurately weighed according to the mass ratio of 1:2:5:2, and then put into the mixing tank 21 of the mixing mechanism 2 through the upper feed port. Start the stirring assembly 22 of the mixing mechanism 2, add 20% to 30% of the total mass of the dry material (for example, 10 kg of dry material plus 2 to 3 kg of water), and mix for 5 to 10 minutes through the synergistic effect of the stirring shaft 222, the stirring blade 223 and the spiral blade 224 to form a seedling matrix that can be held in a ball but does not drip. After the mixing is completed, the stirring shaft 222 is controlled to reverse, and the seedling matrix is ​​discharged to the guide plate 31 of the guide mechanism 3 through the solenoid valve on the discharge pipe at the lower end of the mixing tank 21. The material guide mechanism 3 drives the first screen 321 and the second screen 322 to vibrate through the vibration mechanism 32, so that the plant ash in the box body 33 is evenly scattered (0.05 to 0.1 kg is attached to each kg of the seedling substrate), and the seedling substrate is sheared into a cylindrical shape with a diameter of 30 to 50 mm by the shearing component 34 and then guided to the conveying mechanism 4. The conveying mechanism 4 drives the spiral conveying groove 411 on the shaft body 41 through the fourth motor 44, conveys and rolls the seedling substrate into a nearly spherical shape, and finally the outlet of the conveying mechanism 4 supported by the frame 1 is evenly delivered to the repaired surface, ensuring that the seedling substrate is evenly distributed and the seed germination rate is high.

[0051] The operation method of the rural planning and construction surface ecological restoration and cultivation equipment prepares a uniform and appropriately humid seedling substrate with high efficiency by accurately proportioning native herb seeds, well-rotted organic fertilizer, peat soil and clay in a mass ratio of 1:2:5:2 and adding 20% to 30% of the total mass of dry materials of water, ensuring the nutrients and environment required for seed germination. The feeding mechanism 3 forms the substrate into a cylindrical shape and evenly attaches wood ash to it through the shearing component 34 and the vibration mechanism 32, with 0.05 to 0.1 kilograms of wood ash attached to each kilogram of the substrate, reducing viscosity, enhancing disease resistance and improving the soil improvement effect. The conveying mechanism 4 rolls the substrate into a spherical shape and accurately places it on the restored surface. The entire process is stably supported by the frame 1, achieving the effects of uniform substrate distribution, high seed germination rate and fast vegetation restoration, effectively improving the efficiency and quality of rural surface ecological restoration.

[0052] The above specific implementation manners do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A surface ecological restoration and cultivation device for rural planning and construction, characterized in that, Including: A frame body (1), a mixing mechanism (2), a feeding mechanism (3) and a conveying mechanism (4); the mixing mechanism (2) is connected to the frame body (1), and the feeding mechanism (3) is used to receive the seedling raising substrate discharged from the mixing mechanism (2) and guide the seedling raising substrate onto the conveying mechanism (4).

2. The rural planning and construction surface ecological restoration and cultivation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The frame body (1) includes a support frame (11) and a mounting frame (12), the mounting frame (12) is L-shaped, the mounting frame (12) is fixedly connected to the support frame (11), and the mixing mechanism (2) includes a mixing tank (21) and a stirring assembly (22); the mixing tank (21) is fixedly connected to the support frame (11), the stirring assembly (22) is installed on the mounting frame (12), and the stirring assembly (22) extends into the mixing tank (21).

3. The rural planning and construction surface ecological restoration and cultivation equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The stirring assembly (22) includes a driving assembly (221), a stirring shaft (222), stirring blades (223) and a spiral blade (224); the driving assembly (221) is installed on the mounting frame (12), the stirring shaft (222) is rotatably connected to the mounting frame (12), the stirring shaft (222) is connected to the driving assembly (221), the stirring blades (223) are installed on the stirring shaft (222), and the spiral blade (224) is installed at the lower end of the stirring shaft (222).

4. The rural planning and construction surface ecological restoration and cultivation equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The driving assembly (221) includes a first motor (2211), a worm gear (2212) and a worm (2213); the first motor (2211) is fixedly installed on the mounting frame (12), the worm (2213) is connected to the output end of the first motor (2211), and the worm gear (2212) is fixedly connected to the stirring shaft (222).

5. The rural planning and construction surface ecological restoration and cultivation equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The stirring blade (223) is a spiral curved plate body, a notch (2231) is provided on the stirring blade (223), a reinforcing ring (2232) is connected to the outside of the stirring blade (223), and an inclined scraping plate (2233) is provided on the reinforcing ring (2232).

6. The rural planning and construction surface ecological restoration and cultivation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding mechanism (3) includes a feeding plate (31), a vibration mechanism (32), a box body (33), a shearing assembly (34) and a support member (35); the feeding plate (31) is rotatably connected to the support member (35), the feeding plate (31) is in an inclined state, the box body (33) is installed on the vibration mechanism (32), the vibration mechanism (32) is connected to the feeding plate (31), and the cross section of the feeding plate (31) is arc-shaped. The shearing assembly (34) includes two first gears (341), swing arms (342), a second motor (343) and two support rods (344); the two swing arms (342) are rotatably connected to the frame (1), the two support rods (344) are respectively fixedly connected to the two swing arms (342), a shearing part (3421) is arranged at one end of the two swing arms (342) away from the frame (1), when the two shearing parts (3421) are in contact with each other, the two support rods (344) cross each other, the material guide plate (31) is in an inclined state, the material guide plate (31) is in contact with the support rods (344), the second motor (343) is fixedly connected to the frame (1), the output end of the second motor (343) is connected to one of the first gears (341), the two first gears (341) are rotatably connected to the frame (1), a transmission rod (3411) is arranged on the lower surface of the two first gears (341), transmission grooves (3422) are formed in the two swing arms (342), the two transmission rods (3411) extend into the transmission grooves (3422) and are slidably connected to the transmission grooves (3422), and the two first gears (341) are meshed and connected.

7. The rural planning and construction surface ecological restoration and cultivation equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that, The vibration mechanism (32) includes a first screen (321), a second screen (322), a third motor (323), a drive arm (324), a connecting rod (325), a first spring plate (326) and a second spring plate (327); the box body (33) is fixedly connected to the material guide plate (31) through a U-shaped frame (331), the box body (33) is connected to the first screen (321) through the first spring plate (326), the second screen (322) is connected to the first screen (321) through the second spring plate (327), the third motor (323) is fixedly connected to the first screen (321), the output end of the third motor (323) is connected to the drive arm (324), the drive arm (324) is rotatably connected to the connecting rod (325), and one end of the connecting rod (325) away from the drive arm (324) is rotatably connected to the second screen (322).

8. The rural planning and construction surface ecological restoration and cultivation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conveying mechanism (4) includes two shafts (41), two second gears (42), two mounting seats (43) and a fourth motor (44); the two shafts (41) are installed between the two mounting seats (43), the two shafts (41) are arranged obliquely, spiral conveying grooves (411) are formed in the two shafts (41), the two second gears (42) are respectively fixedly connected to the two shafts (41), the two second gears (42) are meshed and connected, and the fourth motor (44) is connected to one of the second gears (42).

9. An operation method of an equipment for surface ecological restoration and cultivation in rural planning and construction, characterized in that, The implementation of this method depends on the rural planning and construction surface ecological restoration and cultivation equipment described in any one of claims 1-8, and includes the following steps: Raw material preparation and input: Weigh the native herb seeds, well-rotted organic fertilizer, peat soil and clay according to the predetermined mass ratio and put them into the mixing mechanism (2); Water addition and mixing: Start the mixing mechanism (2), add water accounting for 20% to 30% of the total mass of the dry materials, and form a seedling-raising substrate that can be formed into a ball by hand but does not drip water through the stirring components; Discharge of the seedling-raising substrate: Discharge the mixed seedling-raising substrate to the material guiding mechanism (3) through the discharge pipe; Material guiding and surface treatment: Receive the seedling-raising substrate through the material guiding mechanism (3), and evenly attach wood ash to the surface of the seedling-raising substrate; Transportation and placement: Transport the seedling-raising substrate with wood ash attached to its surface through the transportation mechanism (4).

10. The operating method of the rural planning and construction surface ecological restoration and cultivation equipment according to claim 9, characterized in that, The native herb seeds, well-rotted organic fertilizer, peat soil and clay are weighed according to the mass ratio of 1:2:5:2; the mixing mechanism (2) is mixed synergistically by the stirring shaft (222), stirring blades (223) and spiral blades (224); the material guiding mechanism (3) drives the first sieve (321) and the second sieve (322) to vibrate through the vibration mechanism (32) so that the wood ash is evenly scattered, and the seedling-raising substrate is sheared by the shearing components (34); the transportation mechanism (4) drives the spiral transportation groove (411) on the shaft body (41) through the fourth motor (44) to roll the seedling-raising substrate into an approximate spherical shape.

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