Self-adaptive backrest

Abstract

The self-adaptive backrest comprises a base and a waist supporting piece and / or a back supporting piece which are / is movably connected to the front face of the base, the waist supporting piece comprises a left waist piece and a right waist piece which are arranged left and right, and the close ends of the left waist piece and the right waist piece are hinged to each other through a first hinge shaft; the middle parts of the left waist piece and the right waist piece are elastically connected with the base through first elastic pieces respectively; the back supporting piece comprises a left back piece and a right back piece which are arranged left and right, the close ends of the left back piece and the right back piece are hinged through a second hinge shaft, and the middle of the left back piece and the middle of the right back piece are elastically connected with the base through first elastic pieces respectively. The left waist piece and the right waist piece are hinged to each other and are elastically connected with the base at the same time, so that self-adaption of the left waist piece and the right waist piece to the body type of a user can be kept, the left waist piece or the right waist piece can be effectively prevented from twisting, it is ensured that the left waist piece and the right waist piece keep good postures for a long time, and the service life of the backrest is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of lumbar and back support, and particularly relates to an adaptive backrest. Background Art

[0002] A backrest, also known as a lumbar support, is a household item used to support the human lumbar and back, and can be used alone or in combination with a chair. Conventional backrests are fixed, and long-term reliance can cause pain in the back muscles, and insufficient lumbar support can lead to soreness in the waist. For this reason, designers have designed ergonomic backrests, which use flexible materials such as mesh fabrics to support the back to increase elasticity, and at the same time add a lumbar protrusion design to increase the support for the waist, thereby reducing the problems of back muscle pain and waist soreness.

[0003] However, the current ergonomic designs still have relatively poor adaptability to users of different body types. For example, in the invention patent "An Ergonomic Chair Backrest and Seat" disclosed in publication number CN 115067702 A, curved surfaces that bend forward are designed on both sides of the lumbar support member to achieve the wrapping of the side rear part of the human waist, so as to improve the comfort of the waist. However, due to the lack of an adjustment function, when a user with a smaller body type uses it, they simply cannot experience the comfort brought by the design.

[0004] In order to improve the adaptability of ergonomic designs to users of different body types, the invention patent with publication number CN 221153568 U discloses an ergonomic lumbar support that is convenient for adjusting the position of the blades. By setting torsion springs on the back of each blade, each blade can swing inwards or outwards, so that the angle at which the lumbar support wraps the user can be automatically adjusted according to users of different body types, enabling users of different body types to experience the comfort of being supported on both sides and the rear part of the waist. However, this type of lumbar support structure has defects in actual application. Since the four blades are all separated from each other, and when the user uses the lumbar support, they cannot maintain a correct sitting posture for a long time. Therefore, there will be a problem of uneven force on each blade. Each blade is supported by a single torsion spring alone, which is likely to cause the blades to deform at different angles, especially prone to clockwise or counterclockwise torsion, resulting in changes in the support positions of the lumbar support on the waist and back, causing discomfort to the user. Therefore, the strength of this type of lumbar support is insufficient and its service life is short.

[0005] Moreover, when the user leans on the lumbar support and the middle part of the lumbar support collapses to wrap the user's body, it is easy for the user's clothes or part of the skin to be embedded between the two adjacent blades on the left and right. When the user's back leaves the lumbar support, the reset of the adjacent two blades will clamp the clothes or skin, causing discomfort to the user. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: to provide an adaptive backrest, which solves the technical problem that the left and right parts of the backrest are separated from each other, resulting in torsion due to uneven force on the left and right parts, changing the supporting position of the backrest on the waist or back, and causing discomfort to the user.

[0007] To solve the above technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an adaptive backrest, including a base and a waist support piece and / or a back support piece respectively movably connected to the front of the base. The waist support piece includes a left waist piece and a right waist piece arranged left and right. The mutually approaching ends of the left waist piece and the right waist piece are hinged to each other through a first hinge shaft. The middle parts of the left waist piece and the right waist piece are elastically connected to the base through first elastic members respectively; the back support piece includes a left back piece and a right back piece arranged left and right. The mutually approaching ends of the left back piece and the right back piece are hinged to each other through a second hinge shaft. The middle parts of the left back piece and the right back piece are elastically connected to the base through first elastic members respectively.

[0008] As a preferred solution, the first elastic member is a spring or a rubber block. The two first elastic members on the waist support piece are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first hinge shaft and are opposite to the side surface of the first hinge shaft; the two first elastic members on the back support piece are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the second hinge shaft and are opposite to the side surface of the second hinge shaft.

[0009] As a preferred solution, the spring is a coil spring. The axial direction of the coil spring on the waist support piece is parallel to the axial direction of the first hinge shaft, and the axial direction of the coil spring on the back support piece is parallel to the axial direction of the second hinge shaft; the steel wires at both ends of the coil spring extend outward along the tangential direction of the coil spring to form connection ends, and the connection ends are fixedly connected to the base, the waist support piece or the back support piece.

[0010] As a preferred solution, the connection end is bent into a U shape.

[0011] As a preferred solution, the left waist piece and the right waist piece are respectively connected to the base through two coaxially arranged coil springs; the left back piece and the right back piece are also respectively connected to the base through two coaxially arranged coil springs; the two coil springs on the left waist piece are symmetrically arranged, the two coil springs on the right waist piece are symmetrically arranged, the two coil springs on the left back piece are symmetrically arranged, and the two coil springs on the right back piece are symmetrically arranged.

[0012] As a preferred solution, the left back piece and the right back piece are hinged to the second hinge shaft through a hinge support. The hinge support is located at the middle and lower parts of the left back piece and the right back piece. The left back piece and the right back piece are separated from each other to form a gap; the mutually approaching ends of the left waist piece and the right waist piece are connected to each other at the edges and are flush on the front. A male joint and a female joint that are hinged to each other are respectively arranged on the back surfaces of the left waist piece and the right waist piece. The first hinge shaft penetrates through the male joint and the female joint to hinge the left waist piece and the right waist piece together.

[0013] As a preferred solution, the mutually approaching ends of the left waist piece and the right waist piece bulge toward the front to form a bulging part for supporting the lumbar spine.

[0014] As a preferred solution, the base includes a base plate and a first sliding beam and a second sliding beam vertically slidably connected to the front side of the base plate, the first sliding beam and the second sliding beam are arranged up and down, the back support plate is connected to the second sliding beam, and the waist support plate is connected to the first sliding beam, and the first sliding beam and the second sliding beam are respectively provided with adjustment locking modules for locking and unlocking themselves.

[0015] As a preferred solution, any adjustment locking module includes a locking pin extending toward the substrate, a second elastic member driving the locking pin to move toward the substrate, and an unlocking driving block driving the locking pin to move away from the substrate, and the substrate is provided with a plurality of locking holes cooperating with the locking pin, and the plurality of locking holes are discretely arranged in the up and down directions, and when the locking pin is inserted into the corresponding locking hole, the position of the adjustment locking module and the substrate remains locked; the first sliding beam and the second sliding beam are provided with an embedding groove for embedding the second elastic member, the second elastic member and the locking pin are both embedded in the embedding groove, the bottom of the locking pin is enlarged and blocked by a blocking member to avoid escaping from the embedding groove, and a radially extending slot is provided on one side of the locking pin. The inner wall of the slot on one side away from the substrate is a pressure inclined surface inclined outward, and the unlocking drive block is arranged on one side of the lock pin and opposite to the slot. The unlocking drive block is slidably connected to the first sliding beam or the second sliding beam, and one end of the unlocking drive block faces the slot and is provided with a crimping surface that matches the pressure inclined surface. The crimping surface is also inclined. When the unlocking drive block is inserted into the slot, the crimping surface crimps the pressure inclined surface of the slot and squeezes the lock pin toward the second elastic member, so that the lock pin head retracts and separates from the lock hole to achieve unlocking; after releasing the unlocking drive block, under the elastic force of the second elastic member, the lock pin pops out and inserts into the lock hole to achieve locking, and at the same time drives the unlocking drive block to reset.

[0016] As a preferred solution, a through hole facing the unlocking driving block is provided on the substrate, and when the first sliding beam or the second sliding beam is connected to the substrate, one end of the unlocking driving block is inserted into the through hole.

[0017] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the left waist piece and the right waist piece are hinged to each other and elastically connected to the base respectively, so that the left waist piece and the right waist piece can be kept adaptive to the user's body shape, and the left waist piece or the right waist piece can be effectively prevented from twisting, so as to ensure that the left waist piece and the right waist piece maintain a good posture for a long time and extend the service life of the backrest. Similarly, the left back piece and the right back piece also obtain the same technical effect because they are hinged to each other. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The specific embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein: Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural exploded view of a specific embodiment; Figure 2 is a three-dimensional structural exploded diagram of a specific embodiment; Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the waist support piece described in the specific embodiment; Figure 4 It is a schematic specific structural diagram of the first elastic member described in the specific embodiment; Figure 5 It is a schematic specific structural diagram of the adjustment and locking module described in the specific embodiment; Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the unlocking drive block described in the specific embodiment; Figure 7 It is a schematic front structural diagram of the substrate described in the specific embodiment; Figures 1 to 7 In the figure: 1. Base; 101. Substrate; 102. First sliding beam; 103. Second sliding beam; 2. Waist support piece; 201. Left waist piece; 202. Right waist piece; 3. Back support piece; 301. Left back piece; 302. Right back piece; 4. First hinge shaft; 501. Connection end; 5. First elastic member; 6. Second hinge shaft; 7. Hinge support; 8. Male joint; 9. Female joint; 10. Protrusion; 11. Adjustment and locking module; 11a. Lock pin; 11b. Second elastic member; 11c. Unlocking drive block; 12. Lock hole; 13. Embedded groove; 14. Blocking member; 15. Slot; 16. Compressed inclined plane; 17. Crimping surface; 18. Through hole. Detailed implementation manners

[0019] The following will describe in detail the specific implementation schemes of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] As Figures 1 to 4 shown, the adaptive backrest includes a base 1 and a waist support piece 2 and a back support piece 3 that are respectively movably connected to the front of the base 1. The waist support piece 2 includes a left waist piece 201 and a right waist piece 202 arranged left and right. The mutually approaching ends of the left waist piece 201 and the right waist piece 202 are hinged to each other through a first hinge shaft 4. The surfaces of the left waist piece 201 and the right waist piece 202 that are in contact with the human waist approach or move away from each other with the first hinge shaft 4 as the center. The middle parts of the left waist piece 201 and the right waist piece 202 are elastically connected to the base 1 through a first elastic member 5 respectively. The back support piece 3 includes a left back piece 301 and a right back piece 302 arranged left and right. The mutually approaching ends of the left back piece 301 and the right back piece 302 are hinged to each other through a second hinge shaft 6. The surfaces of the left back piece 301 and the right back piece 302 that are in contact with the human back approach or move away from each other with the second hinge shaft 6 as the center. The middle parts of the left back piece 301 and the right back piece 302 are elastically connected to the base 1 through a first elastic member 5 respectively.

[0021] The left lumbar support piece 201 and the right lumbar support piece 202 are hinged to each other, and the middle parts of both are respectively connected to the base through the first elastic member 5. When the user tilts to the left and squeezes the left lumbar support piece 201, driving the left lumbar support piece 201 to twist counterclockwise, the right lumbar support piece 202 restricts the twist of the left lumbar support piece 201 through the first hinge shaft 4, thereby maintaining the posture of the left lumbar support piece 201. The hinged left lumbar support piece 201 and right lumbar support piece 202 do not affect the adaptability to users of different body types. For example, if a user with a smaller body type leans between the left lumbar support piece 201 and the right lumbar support piece 202, then the connection position between the left lumbar support piece 201 and the right lumbar support piece 202 will sink towards the base 1, and the two separated ends of the left lumbar support piece 201 and the right lumbar support piece 202 will converge inward, thereby wrapping the user's waist. When the user has a larger body type, the two separated ends of the left lumbar support piece 201 and the right lumbar support piece 202 can be appropriately opened to expand the accommodation range and wrap the user's waist.

[0022] In this embodiment, the adaptive backrest is installed with both the lumbar support piece 2 and the back support piece 3. In actual application, the user can selectively install the lumbar support piece 2 or the back support piece 3 according to actual needs.

[0023] In this embodiment, the first elastic member 5 is preferably a spring, and elastic rubber can also be selected. The two first elastic members 5 on the lumbar support piece 2 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first hinge shaft 4 and are opposite to the side surface of the first hinge shaft 4; the two first elastic members 5 on the back support piece 3 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the second hinge shaft 6 and are opposite to the side surface of the second hinge shaft 6. Such an arrangement can reduce the shear force on the first hinge shaft 4 and the second hinge shaft 6 when the left and right ends of the lumbar support piece 2 and the back support piece 3 swing under force.

[0024] Combined Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the spring in this embodiment is a coil spring. The axial direction of the coil spring on the lumbar support piece 2 is parallel to the axial direction of the first hinge shaft 4, and the axial direction of the coil spring on the back support piece 3 is parallel to the axial direction of the second hinge shaft 6; the wire at both ends of the coil spring extends outward along the tangential direction of the coil spring to form a connection end 501, and the connection end 501 is bent into a U shape. The connection end 501 is fixedly connected to the base 1, the lumbar support piece 2 or the back support piece 3.

[0025] Adopting this spring structure and setting direction can reduce the displacement of the lumbar support piece 2 or the back support piece 3 in the radial direction of the spring, and instead form a more effective swing with the spring as the fulcrum.

[0026] In actual application, the structure and setting direction of the spring can also be appropriately adjusted to meet the most basic requirement of enabling the elastic swing of the lumbar support piece 2 or the back support piece 3.

[0027] In this embodiment, the left waist piece 201 and the right waist piece 202 are respectively connected to the base 1 through two coaxially arranged coil springs; the left back piece 301 and the right back piece 302 are also respectively connected to the base 1 through two coaxially arranged coil springs; the two coil springs on the left waist piece 201 are symmetrically arranged, the two coil springs on the right waist piece 202 are symmetrically arranged, the two coil springs on the left back piece 301 are symmetrically arranged, and the two coil springs on the right back piece 302 are symmetrically arranged. This arrangement of the coil springs can effectively improve the swing stability of the left waist piece 201 and the right waist piece 202, and the left back piece 301 and the right back piece 302, and mention the torsional resistance.

[0028] In this embodiment, the swing mentioned refers to the circumferential deviation of the left waist piece 201 and the right waist piece 202 around the first hinge axis 4 with the first hinge axis 4 as the central axis, and the torsion mentioned in this embodiment refers to the rotation of the left waist piece 201 and the right waist piece 202 along the arrangement direction of the left waist piece 201 and the right waist piece 202.

[0029] The left back piece 301 and the right back piece 302 are hinged to the second hinge axis 6 through a hinge support 7. The hinge support 7 is located in the middle and lower parts of the left back piece 301 and the right back piece 302, and the left back piece 301 and the right back piece 302 are separated from each other to form a gap. The hinge support 7 is connected behind the left back piece 301 and the right back piece 302, so that when the user leans on the left back piece 301 and the right back piece 302, they will not be affected by the hinge support 7 and feel uncomfortable.

[0030] The edges of the mutually approaching ends of the left waist piece 201 and the right waist piece 202 are mutually joined and flush on the front. A male joint 8 and a female joint 9 that are hinged to each other are respectively arranged on the backs of the left waist piece 201 and the right waist piece 202. The first hinge axis 4 passes through the male joint 8 and the female joint 9 to hinge the left waist piece 201 and the right waist piece 202 together. The mutual connection of the left waist piece 201 and the right waist piece 202 can prevent the user's clothing from being caught between the left waist piece 201 and the right waist piece 202, especially when the user's waist leaves the left waist piece 201 and the right waist piece 202.

[0031] The mutually approaching ends of the left waist piece 201 and the right waist piece 202 bulge towards the front to form a bulging portion 10 for supporting the lumbar spine, so as to further improve the comfort of the user's waist.

[0032] As Figure 2 shown, in this embodiment, the base 1 includes a base plate 101 and a first sliding beam 102 and a second sliding beam 103 that are vertically and slidably connected to the front of the base plate 101. The first sliding beam 102 and the second sliding beam 103 are arranged up and down. The back support piece 3 is connected to the second sliding beam 103, and the waist support piece 2 is connected to the first sliding beam 102. Adjusting locking modules 11 for locking and unlocking themselves are respectively arranged on the first sliding beam 102 and the second sliding beam 103.

[0033] As Figure 1As shown, on both sides of the front of the substrate 101, two guiding sliding grooves 19 with opposite openings are symmetrically arranged. The two ends of the first sliding beam 102 and the second sliding beam 103 are respectively slidably inserted into the two guiding sliding grooves 19, and the guiding sliding grooves 19 guide the first sliding beam 102 and the second sliding beam 103 to slide in the up and down directions.

[0034] In practical applications, there are various sliding connection structures, and any structure that can achieve guiding and sliding connection can be used for the sliding connection of the first sliding beam 102, the second sliding beam 103, and the substrate 101.

[0035] As Figures 5 to 7 As shown, any one of the adjustment and locking modules 11 in this embodiment includes a locking pin 11a extending towards the substrate, a second elastic member 11b for driving the locking pin 11a to move towards the substrate 101, and an unlocking drive block 11c for driving the locking pin 11a to move away from the substrate 101. A plurality of locking holes 12 cooperating with the locking pin 11a are formed on the substrate 101, and the plurality of locking holes 12 are discretely arranged in the up and down directions. When the locking pin 11a is inserted into the corresponding locking hole 12, the position of the adjustment and locking module 11 and the substrate 101 is locked. Embedding grooves 13 for embedding the second elastic member 11b are provided on the first sliding beam 102 and the second sliding beam 103. The second elastic member 11b and the locking pin 11a are both embedded in the embedding groove 13. The bottom of the locking pin 11a is enlarged and blocked by a blocking member 14 to prevent it from detaching from the embedding groove 13. A radially extending slot 15 is formed on one side of the locking pin 11a. The inner wall of the slot 15 away from the substrate 101 is a compression inclined surface 16 that inclines outwards. The unlocking drive block 11c is arranged on one side of the locking pin 11a and is opposite to the slot 15. The unlocking drive block 11c is slidably connected to the first sliding beam 102 or the second sliding beam 103. One end of the unlocking drive block 11c faces the slot 15 and is provided with a pressing surface 17 cooperating with the compression inclined surface 16. The pressing surface 17 is also inclined. When the unlocking drive block 11c is inserted into the slot 15, the pressing surface 17 presses the compression inclined surface 16 of the slot 15 and squeezes the locking pin 11a towards the second elastic member 11b, causing the head of the locking pin 11a to retract and separate from the locking hole 12 to achieve unlocking. After releasing the unlocking drive block 11c, under the elastic force of the second elastic member 11b, the locking pin 11a pops out and is inserted into the locking hole 12 to achieve locking, and at the same time, the unlocking drive block 11c is driven to reset.

[0036] A through hole 18 opposite to the unlocking drive block 11c is formed on the substrate 101. When the first sliding beam 102 or the second sliding beam 103 is connected to the substrate 101, one end of the unlocking drive block 11c is inserted into the through hole 18. In this way, the user can adjust the heights of the first sliding beam 101 and the second sliding beam 102 from the back of the base 1, with a large operating space and more convenient adjustment.

[0037] During actual application, as Figure 5As shown, two adjustment locking modules 11 are provided on the first sliding beam 102 and the second sliding beam 103, and the two adjustment locking modules 11 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the center of the first sliding beam 102 and the second sliding beam 103, and the slots 15 on the mutually symmetrical locking pins 11a are arranged back to back, and the user can use the thumb and index finger to squeeze the mutually symmetrical unlocking drive blocks 11c at the same time, and press the two locking pins 11a into the embedded grooves 13 at the same time to achieve unlocking.

[0038] The working process of the present invention is: Figures 1 to 7 When the adaptive backrest shown is used, the back of the human body leans against the back support sheet 3, and the waist of the human body leans against the waist support sheet 2. When the user's back is mainly against the first elastic members 5 on both sides of the back support sheet, the hinge of the left back sheet 301 and the right back sheet 302 moves toward the base 1, driving the left back sheet 301 and the right back sheet 302 to swing inward and close with the first elastic member 5 as the fulcrum, so that the left back sheet 301 and the right back sheet 302 wrap the user's back more, provide more support to the user's back, reduce the local force pressure on the back, and delay the fatigue of the back skin and muscles. The waist support sheet 2 has a similar waist support function as the back support sheet 3. However, the middle part of the waist support sheet 2 is a continuous structure, so it can support the spine, improve the waist support effect, and prevent clothing from getting stuck between the left waist sheet 201 and the right waist sheet 202.

[0039] Since the left waist panel 201 and the right waist panel 202 are hinged to each other, and the left back panel 301 and the right back panel 302 are hinged to each other, no matter how the user's body tilts sideways, the left waist panel 201 and the right waist panel 202, the left back panel 301 and the right back panel 302 will not be twisted, ensuring that the waist support panel 2 and the back support panel 3 maintain a stable posture, thereby extending the service life of the backrest.

[0040] When the user's height changes and the height of the waist support plate 2 and the back support plate 3 needs to be adjusted, it is only necessary to move the unlocking drive block 11c on the first sliding beam 102 or the second sliding beam 103 to unlock the unlocking drive block 11c, and then push the first sliding beam 102 or the second sliding beam 103 to move up and down, and then release the unlocking drive block 11c to lock it, so that it can adapt to users of different heights.

[0041] The adaptive backrest described in this embodiment is adaptive to users with different waist circumferences and back widths, and manual adjustment is still required for users of different heights.

[0042] The above embodiments are only illustrative of the principles and effects of the invention, as well as some embodiments of its application, and are not intended to limit the invention. It should be pointed out that a person skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the inventive concept of the invention, and all of these belong to the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. Adaptive backrest, comprising a base (1) and a lumbar support piece (2) and / or a back support piece (3) respectively movably connected to the front of the base (1), characterized in that, The waist support piece (2) includes a left waist piece (201) and a right waist piece (202) arranged left and right. The mutually approaching ends of the left waist piece (201) and the right waist piece (202) are hinged to each other through a first hinge shaft (4). The middle parts of the left waist piece (201) and the right waist piece (202) are elastically connected to the base (1) through first elastic members (5) respectively; the back support piece (3) includes a left back piece (301) and a right back piece (302) arranged left and right. The mutually approaching ends of the left back piece (301) and the right back piece (302) are hinged to each other through a second hinge shaft (6). The middle parts of the left back piece (301) and the right back piece (302) are elastically connected to the base (1) through first elastic members (5) respectively.

2. The adaptive backrest according to claim 1, wherein The first elastic member (5) is a spring or a rubber block. The two first elastic members (5) on the waist support piece (2) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first hinge shaft (4) and are opposite to the side surface of the first hinge shaft (4); the two first elastic members (5) on the back support piece (3) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the second hinge shaft (6) and are opposite to the side surface of the second hinge shaft (6).

3. The adaptive backrest according to claim 2, wherein The spring is a coil spring. The axial direction of the coil spring on the waist support piece (2) is parallel to the axial direction of the first hinge shaft (4). The axial direction of the coil spring on the back support piece (3) is parallel to the axial direction of the second hinge shaft (6); the wire at both ends of the coil spring extends outward along the tangential direction of the coil spring to form a connection end (501), and the connection end (501) is fixedly connected to the base (1), the waist support piece (2) or the back support piece (3).

4. The adaptive backrest according to claim 3, characterized in that, The connection end (501) is bent into a U shape.

5. The adaptive backrest according to claim 3, wherein, The left waist piece (201) and the right waist piece (202) are respectively connected to the base (1) through two coaxially arranged coil springs; the left back piece (301) and the right back piece (302) are also respectively connected to the base (1) through two coaxially arranged coil springs; the two coil springs on the left waist piece (201) are symmetrically arranged, the two coil springs on the right waist piece (202) are symmetrically arranged, the two coil springs on the left back piece (301) are symmetrically arranged, and the two coil springs on the right back piece (302) are symmetrically arranged.

6. The adaptive backrest according to claim 1, characterized in that, The left back piece (301) and the right back piece (302) are hinged to the second hinge shaft (6) through hinge supports (7). The hinge supports (7) are located in the middle and lower parts of the left back piece (301) and the right back piece (302). The left back piece (301) and the right back piece (302) are separated from each other to form a gap; the mutually approaching ends of the left waist piece (201) and the right waist piece (202) are connected to each other at the edges and are flush on the front. Male connectors (8) and female connectors (9) which are hinged to each other are respectively arranged on the backs of the left waist piece (201) and the right waist piece (202). The first hinge shaft (4) penetrates through the male connector (8) and the female connector (9) to hinge the left waist piece (201) and the right waist piece (202) together.

7. The adaptive backrest according to claim 6, wherein The mutually approaching ends of the left waist piece (201) and the right waist piece (202) bulge toward the front to form a bulging part (10) for supporting the lumbar spine.

8. The adaptive backrest according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The base (1) includes a base plate (101), a first sliding beam (102) and a second sliding beam (103) vertically and slidably connected to the front of the base plate (101). The first sliding beam (102) and the second sliding beam (103) are arranged one above the other. A back support piece (3) is connected to the second sliding beam (103), and a waist support piece (2) is connected to the first sliding beam (102). Adjustment locking modules (11) for locking and unlocking themselves are respectively arranged on the first sliding beam (102) and the second sliding beam (103).

9. The adaptive backrest according to claim 8, characterized in that Any one of the adjustment locking modules (11) includes a locking pin (11a) extending towards the base plate, a second elastic member (11b) for driving the locking pin (11a) to move towards the base plate (101), and an unlocking driving block (11c) for driving the locking pin (11a) to move away from the base plate (101). A plurality of locking holes (12) matching the locking pin (11a) are formed in the base plate (101). The plurality of locking holes (12) are discretely arranged in the up and down direction. When the locking pin (11a) is inserted into the corresponding locking hole (12), the position of the adjustment locking module (11) and the base plate (101) is locked. Embedding grooves (13) for embedding the second elastic member (11b) are arranged on the first sliding beam (102) and the second sliding beam (103). The second elastic member (11b) and the locking pin (11a) are both embedded in the embedding groove (13). The bottom of the locking pin (11a) is enlarged and blocked by a blocking member (14) to prevent it from separating from the embedding groove (13). A slot (15) extending radially is formed on one side of the locking pin (11a). The inner wall of the slot (15) on the side away from the base plate (101) is a compression inclined surface (16) inclined outwards. The unlocking driving block (11c) is arranged on one side of the locking pin (11a) and opposite to the slot (15). The unlocking driving block (11c) is slidably connected to the first sliding beam (102) or the second sliding beam (103). One end of the unlocking driving block (11c) faces the slot (15) and is provided with a pressing surface (17) matching the compression inclined surface (16). The pressing surface (17) is also inclined. When the unlocking driving block (11c) is inserted into the slot (15), the pressing surface (17) presses the compression inclined surface (16) of the slot (15) and squeezes the locking pin (11a) towards the second elastic member (11b), causing the head of the locking pin (11a) to retract and separate from the locking hole (12) to achieve unlocking. After releasing the unlocking driving block (11c), under the elastic force of the second elastic member (11b), the locking pin (11a) pops out and is inserted into the locking hole (12) to achieve locking, and at the same time, the unlocking driving block (11c) is driven to reset.

10. The adaptive backrest according to claim 9, wherein A through hole (18) facing the unlocking driving block (11c) is formed in the base plate (101). When the first sliding beam (102) or the second sliding beam (103) is connected to the base plate (101), one end of the unlocking driving block (11c) is inserted into the through hole (18).

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