A dust collector with a multi-stage filtering mechanism

Abstract

The present invention discloses a dust collector with a multi-stage filtering mechanism, which relates to the technical field of chemical waste gas treatment, including a central tube, a pre-filter and a filter bag. The present invention provides a filter bag inside the traditional central tube, and a composite knocking component is provided on the outer wall of the filter bag. The composite knocking component can knock on the outer wall of the filter bag when the pulse bag filter is performing pulse backblowing, thereby assisting dust to fall off, effectively solving the problem of high-viscosity dust adhesion, and improving the cleaning effect and filtration efficiency. A path planning component is provided on the side of the knocking rod of the composite knocking component. When the reversing drive component drives the knocking rod to move around the outside of the filter bag, the path planning component with a purely mechanical structure drives the knocking rod to continuously knock in the horizontal direction on the one hand, thereby breaking the high-viscosity dust on the surface of the filter bag into block-shaped dust blocks. On the other hand, the path planning component drives the knocking rod to move in the vertical direction, and uses the scraping tip to scrape off the dust blocks.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of chemical waste gas treatment, in particular to a dust collector with a multi-stage filtering mechanism. Background Art

[0002] In order to avoid direct discharge of chemical gases into the atmosphere and polluting the atmosphere, it is necessary to remove dust from chemical gases before they are discharged. In the process of industrial dust pollution and chemical gas treatment, there are many types of pollutants and their particle sizes vary greatly. A single filtering structure is difficult to efficiently intercept all particles. The multi-stage filtering mechanism can achieve graded filtration: the front stage intercepts large particles of dust, and the back stage finely filters fine dust and harmful gases, thereby improving the overall dust removal efficiency, extending the life of the filter material, and adapting to high-concentration and high-corrosive working conditions, ensuring that emissions meet standards and protecting the health of downstream equipment and operators.

[0003] In the prior art, a type of dust collector for post-stage fine filtration of chemical gases is a bag dust collector, which uses filter bags to separate solids and gases in dust-laden gases. The principle is that when dust-laden gases pass through the filter bags, the dust is trapped on the outer surface of the filter bags, and the clean gases are discharged after passing through the filter bags. As the dust accumulates, some bag dust collector equipment mostly uses pulse spraying to remove the dust to maintain the filtration efficiency. However, when the bag dust collector filters chemical gases with high dust viscosity, the dust easily adheres to the outer wall of the filter bags, forming an adhesion layer that is difficult to remove, resulting in increased resistance of the filter bags, poor ventilation, and decreased filtration efficiency. Under long-term operation, pulse spraying is difficult to completely remove the adhered dust, which can easily cause the filter bags to be blocked or even damaged, increasing the frequency of equipment maintenance and operating costs. In severe cases, it may also cause system shutdowns, affecting the stability and safety of the entire production process. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that in the prior art, a type of dust collector for post-stage fine filtration of chemical gases is a bag-type dust collector, which uses filter bags to separate dust-laden gases into solids and gases. Its principle is that when the dust-laden gases pass through the filter bags, the dust is trapped on the outer surface of the filter bags, and the clean gases are discharged after passing through the filter bags. As the dust accumulates, some bag-dust collector equipment mostly uses pulse jetting to remove the dust to maintain the filtration efficiency. However, when the bag-dust collector filters chemical gases with high dust viscosity, the dust is easily adhered to the outer wall of the filter bags, forming an attachment layer that is difficult to remove, resulting in increased resistance of the filter bags, poor ventilation, and decreased filtration efficiency. Under long-term operation, pulse jetting is difficult to completely remove the adhered dust, which can easily cause the filter bags to be blocked or even damaged, increasing the frequency of equipment maintenance and operating costs. In severe cases, it may also cause system shutdowns, affecting the stability and safety of the entire production process. A dust collector with a multi-stage filtration mechanism is proposed.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A dust collector with a multi-stage filtering mechanism, comprising a central tube, a pre-filter, and a filter bag. The bottom of the side of the central tube is connected to the air outlet of the pre-filter. A gas collecting hopper is provided at the bottom of the inner cavity of the central tube. A metal cage is fixedly provided on the top of the gas collecting hopper. A filter bag is fixedly provided on the outer wall of the metal cage through a clamp. A guide frustum is fixedly provided at the bottom of the gas collecting hopper. A pulse valve is fixedly provided on the side of the bottom of the gas collecting hopper.

[0007] A U-shaped rod is provided at the top of the inner cavity of the central tube, and a composite knocking assembly is provided on the top of the U-shaped rod for knocking the dust attached to the outer wall of the filter bag in multiple directions. The composite knocking assembly includes a reversing drive assembly, a vertical shaft, a knocking rod, and a knocking block. The vertical shaft is rotatably connected to the top of the U-shaped rod, and a docking frame is fixedly provided at the bottom of the vertical shaft. The top of the knocking rod is provided with a path planning assembly for planning the knocking path of the knocking rod;

[0008] The path planning component includes a horizontal rod, an internal guide ring, and an external guide ring. A lifting and avoiding component is provided inside the docking frame. The lifting and avoiding component drives the composite knocking component to leave the outer wall of the filter bag, thereby facilitating the replacement of the filter bag.

[0009] Optionally, a one-way valve is provided at the top of the air outlet end of the pre-filter, a vertical bucket is fixedly provided at the bottom of the air inlet end of the pre-filter, and an air inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the side of the vertical bucket.

[0010] Optionally, a gathering ring is provided on the outer wall of the guide cone, a gathering rod is fixedly provided on the side of the gathering ring, and a dust exhaust valve is provided at the bottom of the central tube.

[0011] Optionally, the reversing drive assembly includes an edge motor, a driving bevel gear, and a driven bevel gear. The edge motor is fixedly installed on the top of the outer wall of the center tube, a horizontal shaft is fixedly installed on the output end of the edge motor, a driving bevel gear is fixedly installed on the end of the horizontal shaft, and a driven bevel gear is fixedly installed on the top of the vertical shaft. The driven bevel gear is stably meshed with the driving bevel gear.

[0012] Optionally, an internal guide ring is fixedly provided on the top of the U-shaped rod, a bottom ball is equidistantly provided on the bottom of the internal guide ring, an external guide ring is fixedly provided at the bottom edge of the U-shaped rod, an external ball is equidistantly provided on the inner wall of the external guide ring, and knocking blocks are equidistantly provided on the side walls of the knocking rod, mud scraping tips are provided at the upper and lower ends of the knocking block, and knocking protrusions are provided on the side of the knocking block.

[0013] Optionally, the top of the knocking rod is set to be hemispherical, and the top of the knocking rod contacts the bottom ball. A horizontal push rod is vertically fixed on the side of the knocking rod, and the end of the horizontal push rod is set to be hemispherical, and the hemispherical end of the horizontal push rod contacts the external ball.

[0014] Optionally, an extension block is fixedly provided on the top side of the knocking rod, a mounting frame is fixedly provided on one end of the horizontal rod, a guide column is movably inserted into the side of the mounting frame, one end of the guide column is fixedly provided and fixedly connected to the side of the guide frame, and the side of the guide column is fixedly connected to one end of the horizontal spring.

[0015] Optionally, the lifting avoidance assembly includes a driving frame, a driven column, and a T-shaped rod, and the other end of the horizontal rod extends into the side of the docking frame, and the side of the docking frame is sequentially provided with a first vertical groove, an inclined groove, and a second vertical groove along the vertical direction.

[0016] Optionally, a driven column is fixedly provided on the side of the horizontal rod, and the driven column extends into the first vertical groove or the inclined groove or the second vertical groove. A driving frame is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the horizontal rod, and a T-shaped rod is symmetrically fixed on the side of the driving frame.

[0017] Optionally, the other end of the horizontal spring is fixedly connected to the side of the mounting frame, a vertical groove is provided on the side of the guide frame, and an elastic column is fixedly provided after the extension block extends into the vertical groove, and the top of the elastic column is fixedly connected to the top of the vertical groove.

[0018] Optionally, a T-shaped slot is provided on the side of the docking frame, the T-shaped rod is movably inserted into the T-shaped slot, and an upper handle is fixedly provided on the bottom of the driving frame.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0020] 1. The present invention is provided with a filter cloth bag inside the traditional central tube, and a composite knocking component is provided on the outer wall of the filter cloth bag. The composite knocking component can knock on the outer wall of the filter cloth bag when the pulse cloth filter is performing pulse backblowing, thereby assisting dust to fall off, effectively solving the problem of high-viscosity dust adhesion, and improving the cleaning effect and filtration efficiency. A path planning component is provided on the side of the knocking rod of the composite knocking component. When the reversing drive component drives the knocking rod to move around the outside of the filter cloth bag, the path planning component with a purely mechanical structure drives the knocking rod to continuously knock in the horizontal direction on the one hand, breaking the high-viscosity dust on the surface of the filter cloth bag into block-shaped dust blocks. On the other hand, the path planning component drives the knocking rod to move in the vertical direction, and uses the scraping tip on the knocking block to scrape off the dust blocks.

[0021] 2. The path planning component enables the knocking rod to knock continuously in the horizontal direction, which can effectively break up highly sticky dust clumps, solve the problem that ordinary pulse backflushing is difficult to remove sticky dust, and reduce the risk of filter bag clogging from the source. The vertical displacement combined with the scraping tip on the knocking block can completely scrape off the broken but still attached dust clumps, ensuring the cleanliness of the filter bag surface and improving the cleaning integrity. The path planning component adopts a purely mechanical structure design and can achieve trajectory control without additional electronic control systems or sensors. It has a simple structure and high stability, reducing manufacturing costs and failure rates.

[0022] 3. The present invention is provided with a lifting avoidance component between the output end of the edge motor and the horizontal rod. When the filter bag of the entire bag filter is replaced, the complex action is simplified in a humanized way. The worker only needs to manually push up the drive frame, which is a single action, to automatically complete the multiple avoidance actions of the knocking rod "first moving diagonally, then moving up", avoiding tedious disassembly and assembly steps and improving maintenance efficiency. Secondly, the knocking rod can avoid the path planning component after moving diagonally, preventing collision or accidental injury to the path component during the replacement process, thereby extending the service life of the equipment.

[0023] 4. When the knocking rod is driven away from the outer wall of the filter bag by the lifting avoidance component, it can effectively prevent accidental contact with the filter bag and avoid damage to the filter bag during the replacement process. In addition, traditional bag replacement operations usually involve interference from many components, limited operating space, and are prone to scratches or jams. Through this design, the composite knocking component retreats as a whole to create ample operating space for workers, making the disassembly and installation of metal cages and the installation of new filter bags smoother, reducing labor intensity and improving work safety. The fast and smooth replacement operation means that the system downtime is significantly shortened, which is conducive to rapid maintenance and recovery in the continuous production process, and improves the overall operation efficiency of the system and industrial economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Another perspective structural diagram.

[0026] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the upward-looking structure.

[0027] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the inner cavity removal guide cone.

[0028] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the distribution structure of filter bags and metal cages.

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the coordination structure between the composite knocking component and the path planning component.

[0030] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Another perspective structural diagram.

[0031] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of the lifting avoidance component and its connecting parts.

[0032] Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of the lifting avoidance component.

[0033] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the structure of the horizontal rod and its connecting parts.

[0034] Figure 11 This is a structural diagram of the composite knocking component.

[0035] Figure 12 for Figure 9 Another perspective structural diagram.

[0036] Figure: 1, center tube; 2, guide cone; 3, gathering ring; 4, dust exhaust valve; 5, edge motor; 6, non-return valve; 7, pre-filter; 8, vertical bucket; 81, air inlet pipe; 9, gathering bucket; 91, pulse valve; 10, filter bag; 11, clamp; 12, metal cage; 13, U-shaped rod; 14, external guide ring; 141, external ball; 15, internal guide ring; 151, bottom ball; 16, driving bevel gear; 17, horizontal shaft; 18, vertical shaft; 19, driven bevel gear; 20. Horizontal rod; 200. Driven column; 21. Mounting frame; 22. T-slot; 23. Driving frame; 231. T-rod; 232. Upper handle; 24. Inclined slot; 25. Second vertical slot; 26. First vertical slot; 27. Docking frame; 28. Horizontal push rod; 29. Vertical slot; 30. Guide frame; 300. Horizontal spring; 3001. Guide column; 31. Extension block; 32. Elastic column; 33. Knocking rod; 34. Knocking block; 341. Mud scraping tip; 342. Knocking protrusion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0039] Reference Figure 1-12 A dust collector with a multi-stage filtering mechanism includes a central tube 1, a pre-filter 7, and a filter bag 10. The bottom side of the central tube 1 is connected to the air outlet end of the pre-filter 7. A one-way valve 6 is provided at the air outlet end of the pre-filter 7, which only allows the pre-filter 7 to blow gas into the central tube 1, and does not allow the central tube 1 to blow gas into the inside of the pre-filter 7. A vertical bucket 8 is provided at the air inlet end of the pre-filter 7, and an air inlet pipe 81 is provided on the side of the vertical bucket 8. A valve is provided at the bottom of the vertical bucket 8. The filtering structure of the pre-filter 7 is horizontally arranged on the top of the vertical bucket 8. The vertical bucket 8 is used to discharge large particles intercepted by the pre-filter 7.

[0040] A gas gathering hopper 9 is provided at the bottom of the inner cavity of the central tube 1, and a metal cage 12 is fixedly provided on the top of the gas gathering hopper 9. A filter bag 10 is fixedly provided on the outer wall of the metal cage 12 through a clamp 11. The material of the filter bag 10 is polytetrafluoroethylene coated needle-punched felt, often called PTFE filter bag or Teflon filter bag. The PTFE coated needle-punched felt filter bag has excellent acid and alkali corrosion resistance, can withstand high temperature conditions for a long time, has a smooth surface and is not easy to adhere to dust, effectively improving the cleaning efficiency and filtration accuracy. Its coating structure realizes surface filtration, has high initial efficiency, and is suitable for high-requirement chemical gas filtration scenarios.

[0041] The metal cage 12 holds up the filter bag 10, and a guide cone 2 is fixedly provided at the bottom of the air gathering hopper 9. A gathering ring 3 is provided on the outer wall of the guide cone 2. The bottom of the guide cone 2 is hollow and is used to accommodate a hoop 11 for fixing the filter bag 10. A gathering rod is fixed on the side of the gathering ring 3. A dust exhaust valve 4 is provided at the bottom of the central tube 1. The length of the gathering rod is the length of the gap between the outer wall of the guide cone 2 and the inner cavity of the central tube 1. The user can rotate the gathering ring 3 and use the gathering rod to gather the dust scattered at the bottom of the central tube 1 to the dust exhaust valve 4. The dust exhaust valve 4 is in a closed state when the entire filter is working normally and when the filter bag 10 is pulsating backblowing, and is only opened when the central tube 1 is recovering dust.

[0042] A pulse valve 91 is fixedly provided on the bottom side of the gas gathering hopper 9. The pulse valve 91 is a solenoid valve with a timer commonly used in the prior art. It can be opened or closed at a high frequency on a regular basis to blow high-pressure gas into the filter bag 10. The gas gathering hopper 9 needs to be connected to an external exhaust system with a valve when in use. When the pulse valve 91 is opened, the exhaust valve of the exhaust system is closed.

[0043] A U-shaped rod 13 is provided at the top of the inner cavity of the central tube 1. A composite knocking assembly for knocking the dust attached to the outer wall of the filter bag 10 in multiple directions is provided at the top of the U-shaped rod 13. The composite knocking assembly includes a reversing drive assembly, a vertical shaft 18, a knocking rod 33, and a knocking block 34. The reversing drive assembly includes an edge motor 5, a driving bevel gear 16, and a driven bevel gear 19. The edge motor 5 is fixedly provided at the top of the outer wall of the central tube 1.

[0044] A horizontal shaft 17 is fixedly provided at the output end of the edge motor 5, a driving bevel gear 16 is fixedly provided at the end of the horizontal shaft 17, a driven bevel gear 19 is fixedly provided on the top of the vertical shaft 18, and the driven bevel gear 19 is stably engaged with the driving bevel gear 16. The main structure of the center tube 1 includes a top cover, a cylinder and an array of support columns at the bottom of the cylinder. The top cover can be fixed to the top of the cylinder with bolts. The reversing drive assembly allows the power source of the entire composite knocking assembly to be set on the side, which is convenient for quickly removing the top cover from the cylinder, thereby performing maintenance on the internal components of the center tube 1.

[0045] The vertical shaft 18 is rotatably connected to the top of the U-shaped rod 13, and a docking frame 27 is fixedly provided at the bottom of the vertical shaft 18. A path planning component for planning the knocking path of the knocking rod 33 is provided at the top of the knocking rod 33. The path planning component includes a horizontal rod 20, an internal guide ring 15, and an external guide ring 14. A lifting avoidance component is provided inside the docking frame 27. The lifting avoidance component drives the composite knocking component to leave the outer wall of the filter bag 10, thereby facilitating the replacement of the filter bag 10. The top of the U-shaped rod 13 is fixed. An internal guide ring 15 is provided, and a bottom ball 151 is equidistantly provided at the bottom of the internal guide ring 15. An external guide ring 14 is fixedly provided at the bottom edge of the U-shaped rod 13, and an external ball 141 is equidistantly provided on the inner wall of the external guide ring 14. The top of the knocking rod 33 is set to be hemispherical, and the top of the knocking rod 33 is in contact with the bottom ball 151. A horizontal push rod 28 is vertically fixed on the side of the knocking rod 33, and the end of the horizontal push rod 28 is set to be hemispherical, and the hemispherical end of the horizontal push rod 28 is in contact with the external ball 141.

[0046] The knocking blocks 34 are equidistantly arranged on the side wall of the knocking rod 33, and the upper and lower ends of the knocking blocks 34 are provided with mud scraping tips 341, and the side of the knocking blocks 34 is provided with knocking protrusions 342. An extension block 31 is fixedly arranged on the top of the side of the knocking rod 33, and a mounting frame 21 is fixedly arranged at one end of the horizontal rod 20. A guide column 3001 is movably inserted into the side of the mounting frame 21, and one end of the guide column 3001 is fixedly set and fixedly connected to the side of the guide frame 30. The side of the guide column 3001 is fixedly connected to one end of the horizontal spring 300. The inner cavity length of the mounting frame 21 is greater than the length of the guide frame 30, so the mounting frame 21 allows the guide frame 30 to move laterally within a certain range along the inner cavity of the mounting frame 21.

[0047] The other end of the horizontal spring 300 is fixedly connected to the side of the mounting frame 21. A vertical groove 29 is opened on the side of the guide frame 30. After the extension block 31 extends into the vertical groove 29, an elastic column 32 is fixedly provided. The top of the elastic column 32 is fixedly connected to the top of the vertical groove 29. Therefore, the knocking rod 33 can be displaced within a certain range in the vertical direction. The vertical height of the vertical groove 29 is the vertical displacement distance of the knocking rod 33.

[0048] The lifting and avoidance assembly includes a driving frame 23, a driven column 200, and a T-shaped rod 231. The other end of the horizontal rod 20 extends into the side of the docking frame 27. The side of the docking frame 27 is sequentially provided with a first vertical groove 26, an inclined groove 24 and a second vertical groove 25 in the vertical direction. The driven column 200 is fixedly installed on the side of the horizontal rod 20. The driven column 200 extends into the first vertical groove 26 or the inclined groove 24 or the second vertical groove 25. The outer wall of the horizontal rod 20 is movably sleeved with a driving frame 23, and the side of the driving frame 23 is symmetrically fixed with a T-shaped rod 231.

[0049] A T-slot 22 is provided on the side of the docking frame 27, and the T-rod 231 is movably inserted into the T-slot 22. The T-slot 22 assists the T-rod 231 to stably move in the vertical direction. An upper handle 232 is fixedly provided at the bottom of the driving frame 23. The first vertical slot 26 and the second vertical slot 25 are in a parallel state to each other. When the driven column 200 moves along the first vertical slot 26, the inclined slot 24 and the second vertical slot 25, the corresponding horizontal rod 20 will move laterally. In order to avoid the horizontal rod 20 from warping when the path planning component drives the horizontal rod 20 to move obliquely upward, the driving frame 23 is sleeved on the outer wall of the horizontal rod 20, and the cooperation between the T-rod 231 and the T-slot 22 only allows the driving frame 23 to move in the vertical direction. Therefore, the setting of the driving frame 23 can solve the warping phenomenon of the horizontal rod 20.

[0050] It should be added that the filtration aperture of the internal filtration structure of the pre-filter 7 is set to be relatively large, and a metal plate is set on the top of the filter bag 10, which does not have a filtering function. The positions of the bottom ball 151 and the outer ball 141 arranged in the array need to be set appropriately, and the material of the knocking protrusion 342 is rubber material, so that when the knocking protrusion 342 on the side of the knocking block 34 knocks the side of the filter bag 10, the scraping tip 341 on the side of the knocking block 34 displaces in the vertical direction, and at the same time scrapes off the waste dust blocks.

[0051] The specific implementation steps and principles of the present invention are as follows:

[0052] The air intake pipe 81 is connected to the waste gas emission system of the chemical system. The large particles of dust in the waste gas are filtered by the pre-filter 7. The waste gas passes through the outer wall of the filter bag 10 and is finally discharged from the bottom of the gas collecting hopper 9. The small particles in the waste gas are intercepted outside the filter bag 10. The bottom of the driving frame 23 is not subjected to the upward thrust, and the driven column 200 is inside the second vertical slot 25. At this time, the knocking block 34 on the side of the knocking rod 33 is attached to the outer wall of the filter bag 10.

[0053] When the filter bag 10 needs to be backflushed and cleaned, the pulse valve 91 is opened, and the pulse valve 91 is opened intermittently to blow pulsating gas into the inside of the filter bag 10. At the same time, the edge motor 5 is started, and the edge motor 5 drives the docking frame 27 and the knocking rod 33 of the horizontal rod 20 to rotate around the outside of the filter bag 10 through the active bevel gear 16 and the driven bevel gear 19. On the one hand, the end of the horizontal push rod 28 continuously contacts the external ball 141 on the side of the external guide ring 14, and the knocking block 34 knocks the outer wall of the filter bag 10. On the other hand, the top of the knocking rod 33 continuously passes over the bottom ball 151 at the bottom of the internal guide ring 15, and the scraping tip 341 on the side of the knocking block 34 on the side of the knocking rod 33 scrapes off the waste dust blocks on the outer wall of the filter bag 10.

[0054] When the filter bag 10 needs to be replaced, the center tube 1 is opened, and manpower is used through the upper handle 232 to push up the horizontal rod 20 and the driven column 200 through the driving frame 23. The driven column 200 moves along the second vertical groove 25, the inclined groove 24, and the first vertical groove 26, driving the knocking rod 33 to move along the inclined path to avoid the internal guide ring 15. At this time, the knocking rod 33 is removed from the outside of the filter bag 10, and the worker moves up the guide cone 2. After loosening the clamp 11, the filter bag 10 is pulled down, and the filter bag 10 is sleeved on the outer wall of the metal cage 12, the clamp 11 is locked, and the guide cone 2 is lowered.

[0055] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dust collector with a multi-stage filtering mechanism, comprising a central tube, a pre-filter, and a filter bag, characterized in that: The bottom of the side of the central tube is connected to the air outlet of the pre-filter. A gas gathering hopper is provided at the bottom of the inner cavity of the central tube. A metal cage for expanding the flat filter bag into a cylindrical shape is fixedly provided on the top of the gas gathering hopper. The filter bag is fixedly provided on the outer wall of the metal cage through a clamp. A guide frustum is fixedly provided at the bottom of the gas gathering hopper. A pulse valve for intermittently blowing gas into the filter bag is fixedly provided on the side of the bottom of the gas gathering hopper. A U-shaped rod is provided at the top of the inner cavity of the central tube, and a composite knocking assembly is provided on the top of the U-shaped rod for knocking the dust attached to the outer wall of the filter bag in multiple directions. The composite knocking assembly is composed of a reversing drive assembly, a vertical shaft, a knocking rod, and a knocking block. The vertical shaft is rotatably connected to the top of the U-shaped rod, and a docking frame is fixedly provided at the bottom of the vertical shaft. A path planning assembly for planning the knocking path of the knocking rod is provided on the top of the knocking rod, so that the knocking rod moves according to the specified path; The path planning assembly includes a horizontal rod, an internal guide ring, and an external guide ring. The internal guide ring is fixedly provided on the top of the U-shaped rod, and a bottom ball is equidistantly provided on the bottom of the internal guide ring. The external guide ring is fixedly provided at the bottom edge of the U-shaped rod, and an external ball is equidistantly provided on the inner wall of the external guide ring. A knocking block is equidistantly provided on the side wall of the knocking rod. The top of the knocking rod is arranged in a hemispherical shape, and the top of the knocking rod is in contact with the bottom ball. A horizontal push rod is vertically fixed on the side of the knocking rod, and the end of the horizontal push rod is arranged in a hemispherical shape, and the hemispherical end of the horizontal push rod is in contact with the external ball. Mud scraping tips are provided at the upper and lower ends of the knocking block, and a knocking protrusion is provided on the side of the knocking block. When the reversing drive assembly drives the knocking rod to rotate around the outer periphery of the filter bag, the knocking rod is forced to move along the specified path under the control of the path planning assembly. The end of the horizontal push rod continuously contacts the outer ball on the side of the outer guide ring, and the knocking block knocks the outer wall of the filter bag. On the other hand, the top of the knocking rod continuously passes over the bottom ball at the bottom of the inner guide ring, and the scraping tip on the side of the knocking block on the side of the knocking rod scrapes off the waste dust blocks on the outer wall of the filter bag. A lifting avoidance assembly is provided inside the docking frame. When replacing the filter bag, the lifting avoidance assembly will drive the composite knocking assembly to leave the outer wall of the filter bag, leaving operating space for replacing the filter bag; An extension block is fixedly provided on the top of the side of the knocking rod, a mounting frame is fixedly provided at one end of the horizontal rod, a guide column is movably inserted into the side of the mounting frame, one end of the guide column is fixedly provided and fixedly connected to the side of the guide frame, and the side of the guide column is fixedly connected to one end of the horizontal spring, the lifting avoidance assembly includes a driving frame, a driven column, and a T-shaped rod, the other end of the horizontal rod extends into the side of the docking frame, and the side of the docking frame is sequentially provided with a first vertical slot, an inclined slot and a second vertical slot in the vertical direction, and the side of the horizontal rod is fixedly provided with a driven column; The driven column extends into the first vertical slot or the inclined slot or the second vertical slot, the outer wall of the horizontal rod is movably sleeved with a driving frame, a T-shaped rod is symmetrically fixedly provided on the side of the driving frame, the other end of the horizontal spring is fixedly connected to the side of the mounting frame, a vertical slot is provided on the side of the guide frame, and the extension block is fixedly provided with an elastic column after extending into the vertical slot, the top of the elastic column is fixedly connected to the top of the vertical slot, a T-shaped slot is provided on the side of the docking frame, the T-shaped rod is movably inserted into the inside of the T-shaped slot, and an upper handle is fixedly provided on the bottom of the driving frame.

2. The dust collector with a multi-stage filtering mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A one-way valve is provided on the top of the air outlet end of the pre-filter, a vertical bucket is fixedly provided on the bottom of the air inlet end of the pre-filter, and an air inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the side of the vertical bucket.

3. The dust collector with a multi-stage filtering mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the guide frustum is sleeved with a gathering ring, a gathering rod is fixedly provided on the side of the gathering ring, and a dust exhaust valve is provided at the bottom of the central tube.

4. The dust collector with a multi-stage filtering mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reversing drive assembly includes an edge motor, a driving bevel gear, and a driven bevel gear. The edge motor is fixedly installed on the top of the outer wall of the central cylinder, a horizontal shaft is fixedly installed on the output end of the edge motor, the driving bevel gear is fixedly installed on the end of the horizontal shaft, and the driven bevel gear is fixedly installed on the top of the vertical shaft. The driven bevel gear is stably meshed with the driving bevel gear.

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