Air tap for cold and hot air perfusion, vestibular cold and hot stimulator and cold and hot air perfusion system

Abstract

The invention discloses an air tap for cold and hot air perfusion, a vestibular cold and hot stimulator and a cold and hot air perfusion system.The air tap for cold and hot air perfusion comprises an air tap body and an extension pipe arranged on the air tap body; an air inlet channel communicated with the extension tube is arranged in the air tap body, the extension tube can be inserted into the external auditory canal of a patient, and the far end of the extension tube can extend to the position close to the tympanic membrane of the patient. The vestibular cold and hot stimulator comprises a gas transmission handle and the gas nozzle for cold and hot gas perfusion. The cold and hot air perfusion system comprises the vestibular cold and hot stimulator. By adopting the technical scheme, the extension tube can go deep into an external auditory canal to be close to a tympanic membrane, cold and hot gas is directly conveyed, temperature and flow are ensured to accurately reach a target position, energy loss is reduced, and the accuracy of vestibular stimulation and diagnosis reliability are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a gas nozzle for cold and hot gas perfusion, a vestibular cold and hot stimulator and a cold and hot gas perfusion system, belonging to the technical field of medical equipment. Background Art

[0002] The vestibular thermostimulator is a medical device used to evaluate the function of the vestibular system. It mainly induces vestibular response through temperature stimulation and helps diagnose vestibular dysfunction and related diseases. The device injects hot or cold air or water into the ear canal to change the temperature of the inner ear lymph and induce lymph flow, thereby stimulating the vestibular system and inducing nystagmus. The vestibular function is evaluated by observing the direction, intensity and duration of nystagmus.

[0003] Common vestibular hot and cold stimulators are usually equipped with a conical hard air nozzle, with an air vent in the middle and a lighting lamp on the outside. When in use, the air nozzle is close to the auricle and external auditory canal, similar to the shape of an ear thermometer. This type of air nozzle has the following disadvantages: 1. It cannot enter the deep external auditory canal and cannot better meet clinical needs. Hot and cold air perfusion requires the injection of gas of a specific temperature and flow rate into the patient's tympanic membrane. The air port is too far away from the tympanic membrane, and the temperature and flow rate cannot meet the design requirements. 2. It is easy to block the patient's ear canal and cannot exhaust, causing the risk of increased ear canal air pressure. 3. It is inconvenient for users to clean and disinfect, and the air nozzle frequently contacts the patient, which is prone to cross-infection; the air nozzle is small and easy to break parts. After damage, the user and after-sales cannot replace it, and the whole machine can only be returned to the factory for repair. When perfusing hot air, the temperature of the air outlet at the tip of the air nozzle is high, and the patient experience is uncomfortable. In order to solve the problem of being unable to vent air, some air nozzles divide the inner hole of the air nozzle into two halves in the middle, the lower half is the blowing hole, and the upper half is the exhaust hole. The upper half also serves as a visual window for observing the inside of the ear canal. However, this structure of dividing the inner hole of the air nozzle into a blowing hole and an exhaust hole that are set in parallel and close to each other will inevitably reduce the aperture of the blowing hole and affect the thermal efficiency; the gas that is about to enter the exhaust hole will exchange heat with the gas blown out of the blowing hole, thereby taking away part of the blown-in heat (or cold), affecting the precise temperature stimulation of the eardrum; the blown-in gas may directly escape through the adjacent exhaust hole and fail to fully reach the eardrum, resulting in a weakened stimulation effect or the need to increase the flow rate; the narrow separation channel is prone to residual secretions or dirt. If the exhaust hole is blocked by ear canal secretions or the displacement of the air nozzle, it may still cause pressure accumulation in the ear canal. Summary of the invention

[0004] Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a hot and cold air perfusion nozzle, a vestibular hot and cold stimulator, and a hot and cold air perfusion system that can extend to the deep part of the external auditory canal close to the tympanic membrane, exhaust air smoothly and do not reduce the amount of air blown.

[0005] To achieve the above object, a nozzle for cold and hot gas perfusion according to the present invention includes a nozzle body and an extension tube provided on the nozzle body; an air inlet passage communicating with the extension tube is provided in the nozzle body, the extension tube can be inserted into the external auditory canal of a patient, and the distal end of the extension tube can extend to a position close to the tympanic membrane of the patient; a contact portion is provided at the distal end of the nozzle body, and at least one exhaust hole is provided on the nozzle body and on the proximal side of the contact portion. The contact portion can abut against the edge of the external auditory canal of the patient to limit the insertion depth of the extension tube into the external auditory canal and keep the exhaust hole always outside the external auditory canal; an exhaust passage communicating with the exhaust hole is provided in the nozzle body, and an exhaust port communicating with the exhaust passage is opened on the distal end face of the nozzle body.

[0006] The extension tube is an elastic flexible tube.

[0007] The extension tube is detachably inserted on the nozzle body.

[0008] A conical outer wall is provided at the distal end of the nozzle body, and the conical outer wall forms the contact portion.

[0009] The proximal side of the contact portion is connected to a necking portion with a reduced outer diameter, and the exhaust hole is opened on the necking portion.

[0010] The necking portion includes a tapered surface portion connected to the contact portion and with a gradually decreasing outer diameter, and the exhaust hole is opened on the tapered surface portion.

[0011] A concave cavity is opened on the distal end face of the nozzle body, the proximal end of the extension tube is inserted into the concave cavity, and there is a gap between the extension tube and the inner wall of the concave cavity, and the gap forms the exhaust passage.

[0012] A V-shaped ring groove is opened in the middle of the nozzle body. An air inlet cavity is provided on one side of the V-shaped ring groove in the nozzle body, and the concave cavity is provided on the other side. The concave cavity and the air inlet cavity are connected by the air inlet passage, and the extension tube is inserted on the air inlet passage.

[0013] The distal end face of the nozzle body is an inclined cutting surface.

[0014] The present invention also provides a vestibular cold and hot stimulator, which includes an air delivery handle and the nozzle for cold and hot gas perfusion as described above.

[0015] An installation portion is provided at the proximal end of the nozzle body. The air delivery handle includes a nozzle connector at the end, and the installation portion is rotatably installed on the nozzle connector.

[0016] A nozzle installation groove is provided on the distal end face of the nozzle connector, and the installation portion is inserted and installed in the nozzle installation groove; a sealing ring is provided on the installation portion.

[0017] An air inlet cavity is formed on the end face of the installation part, and a ventilation hole opposite to the air inlet cavity is arranged at the bottom of the air nozzle mounting groove.

[0018] The ventilation hole includes a middle air hole and a plurality of peripheral air holes located around the middle air hole, and a temperature sensor is arranged in the middle air hole.

[0019] An installation groove is formed on the proximal end face of the air nozzle connector. An inner concave surface is arranged at the bottom of the installation groove. The middle air hole and the peripheral air holes are formed on the inner concave surface. An installation block is arranged in the installation groove. The installation block presses against the bottom of the installation groove, and a gap is formed between the end face of the installation block and the inner concave surface. A blowing hole is arranged on the installation block. The blowing hole communicates with a blowing pipe, and the gas blown out by the blowing pipe can enter the gap through the blowing hole and then enter the middle air hole and the peripheral air holes.

[0020] A pipe joint is arranged on the installation block. One end of the pipe joint is inserted into the blowing hole, and the other end is connected to the blowing pipe. The temperature sensor is installed on the pipe joint.

[0021] The vestibular cold and heat stimulator further includes an air inlet pipe and a gas temperature change module. The gas temperature change module is connected between the air inlet pipe and the blowing pipe and is used for heating or cooling the gas.

[0022] The present invention also provides a cold and hot gas perfusion system, including:

[0023] The vestibular cold and heat stimulator as described above;

[0024] An air pump, and a connecting pipeline is connected to the vestibular cold and heat stimulator;

[0025] A control module, which is connected to the temperature sensor and the gas temperature change module in the vestibular cold and heat stimulator, and is used for performing closed-loop control on the power of the gas temperature change module based on a preset temperature and real-time temperature data collected by the temperature sensor.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solutions, the cold and hot gas perfusion air nozzle, the vestibular cold and heat stimulator and the cold and hot gas perfusion system of the present invention have the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0027] 1. The extension tube can extend deep into the external auditory canal close to the eardrum, directly deliver cold and hot gases, ensure that the temperature and flow rate accurately reach the target position, reduce energy loss, and improve the accuracy of vestibular stimulation and the reliability of diagnosis.

[0028] 2. The independent exhaust channel design, the separation of the concave cavity and the extension tube gap, avoids the mixing of blowing / exhausting, prevents heat exchange or gas short-circuit escape, and ensures the stability of the temperature stimulation at the eardrum.

[0029] 3. A contact portion is provided at the distal end of the nozzle body, so that the contact portion is blocked by the edge of the patient's external auditory canal to limit the insertion depth of the extension tube into the external auditory canal, avoiding damage to the eardrum caused by excessive insertion of the extension tube, and enabling the exhaust hole to always be located outside the external auditory canal. Combined with the unobstructed design of the concave cavity, the risk of increased air pressure in the ear canal is effectively avoided.

[0030] 4. The extension tube is made of an elastic hose material, such as silicone, rubber, etc., to reduce mechanical irritation to the ear canal and improve the patient experience.

[0031] 5. The extension tube is separable from the nozzle body, facilitating thorough cleaning and disinfection, reducing the risk of cross-infection; local damage can be replaced separately without the need to return the entire machine to the factory for repair.

[0032] 6. The exhaust hole is located outside the external auditory canal, allowing the gas in the ear to be directly discharged outside the ear canal; the large-diameter exhaust channel is not prone to dirt residue, reducing the risk of secretion blockage.

[0033] 7. The contact portion is connected to a conical surface with a gradually decreasing outer diameter, and an exhaust hole is provided on the conical surface, so that the gas blows out in a divergent shape obliquely backward along the exhaust hole. The exhaust airway design is reasonable, making the air flow out more smoothly without being blocked by other structures.

[0034] 8. A structure in which the intake cavity cooperates with the peripheral air holes and the middle air holes is provided to stabilize the flow of the gas before it enters the extension tube; the temperature sensor is arranged in the middle air hole to place it as close as possible to the center of the air flow, improving the accuracy of gas temperature detection. The peripheral air holes can effectively increase the overall ventilation area, reduce air flow loss, and improve ventilation efficiency.

[0035] 9. The nozzle can rotate relative to the gas delivery handle to adapt to the operation of medical staff in different patient postures, improving the flexibility of operation. A sealing ring groove is provided on the installation part of the nozzle body, and an annular sealing ring is installed in the sealing ring groove. The elasticity of the sealing ring itself is used to seal the nozzle body and the nozzle connector, preventing the leakage of gas from the gas delivery handle. At the same time, the elasticity of the sealing ring itself is used to increase the connection damping between the nozzle body and the nozzle connector, making the nozzle body neither easy to fall off nor convenient to disassemble and rotate.

[0036] 10. The integrated temperature sensor feeds back data in real time, dynamically adjusts the power of the variable temperature module through real-time temperature monitoring, realizes closed-loop temperature control, prevents overheating or overcooling stimulation, improves the safety of treatment, and ensures that the gas temperature quickly reaches the preset value and remains stable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the vestibular caloric stimulator in the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2Schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the air nozzle for cold and hot air perfusion of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 Isometric view of the air nozzle body;

[0040] Figure 4 Front view of the air nozzle body;

[0041] Figure 5 Is Figure 4 Cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in

[0042] Figure 6 Exploded schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the air nozzle for cold and hot air perfusion;

[0043] Figure 7 Isometric view of the air nozzle connector;

[0044] Figure 8 Side view of the air nozzle connector;

[0045] Figure 9 Is Figure 8 Cross-sectional view taken along line C-C in

[0046] Figure 10 Is Figure 8 Cross-sectional view taken along line D-D in

[0047] Figure 11 Is Figure 1 Partial enlarged view of part B in

[0048] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the assembly structure of another embodiment of the air nozzle connector;

[0049] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the structure of another embodiment of the air nozzle body;

[0050] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the structure of the gas temperature change module;

[0051] Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the usage state of the vestibular cold and heat stimulator of the present invention.

[0052] In the figure: 1. Air nozzle body; 1a. Installation part; 1b. Contact part; 1c. Necking part; 100. Gap; 100a. Annular air inlet; 101. Exhaust hole; 102. V-shaped ring groove; 103. Bevel surface; 104. Sealing ring groove; 105. Card slot; 106. Hole-shaped exhaust passage; 106a. Hole-shaped exhaust port; 11. Air inlet cavity; 12. Concave cavity; 13. Air inlet passage; 2. Extension pipe; 3. Sealing ring; 4. Air nozzle connector; 41. Installation groove; 410. Concave surface; 410a. Gap; 42. Installation block; 420. Air blowing hole; 401. Clamping boss; 402. Air nozzle installation groove; 403. Middle air hole; 404. Peripheral air hole; 5. Air delivery handle; 501. Air delivery pipe; 502. Air inlet pipe; 503. Gas temperature change module; 503a. Semiconductor refrigeration sheet; 503b. Heat exchange cavity; 503c. Radiator; 504. Control button; 505. Indicator light; 506. Air pump connection pipeline; 507. Temperature sensor. Detailed implementation mode

[0053] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation modes.

[0054] As Figures 3 - 6 shown, the present invention provides an air nozzle for cold and hot gas perfusion, which can be applied to a vestibular cold and hot stimulator. The air nozzle includes an air nozzle body 1 and an extension pipe 2. An air inlet passage 13 is arranged inside the air nozzle body 1. The extension pipe 2 can be inserted into the air nozzle body so that the proximal end of the extension pipe 2 is communicated with the air inlet passage 13. A contact part 1b is arranged at the distal end of the air nozzle body 1. The contact part 1b can contact the edge of the patient's external auditory canal, thereby limiting the insertion depth of the extension pipe 2, so that the extension pipe 2 can be inserted into the patient's external auditory canal to a position close to the eardrum; specifically, when contacting, the distance between the distal end of the extension pipe and the eardrum is in the range of 5 mm - 20 mm (preferably between 5 mm - 12 mm). By using the vestibular cold and hot stimulator equipped with the air nozzle of this embodiment, cold air / hot air can be blown to the eardrum in the patient's ear canal through the air inlet passage and the extension pipe of the air nozzle during the cold and hot stimulation test, reducing energy loss and improving the accuracy of the cold and hot stimulation test.

[0055] Furthermore, in order to enable the excess gas in the ear to be discharged in time and avoid the risk of excessive ear canal air pressure, an exhaust passage is also arranged in the air nozzle body 1. One end of the exhaust passage is communicated with an exhaust port arranged on the distal end face of the air nozzle body, and the other end is communicated with the exhaust hole 101 on the air nozzle body. During use, the exhaust hole 101 is always outside the external auditory canal, while the exhaust port is located inside the ear canal. Therefore, the gas blown into the ear canal can flow back through the exhaust port, the exhaust passage, and be discharged from the exhaust hole 101 to the outside of the ear canal. Preferably, the exhaust passage is independent of the air inlet passage 13.

[0056] Of course, when the abutting portion 1b abuts against the edge of the external auditory canal, there is a gap between the abutting portion 1b and the external auditory canal, and if this gap allows the gas in the ear canal to be discharged, an exhaust passage may not be provided on the nozzle body 1, and the gas can be discharged through this gap instead.

[0057] In another embodiment of the present application, as Figure 4 shown, the abutting portion 1b is composed of a conical outer wall. The taper design of the abutting portion 1b enables it to fit against the edge of the external auditory canal and limits the depth of insertion of the extension tube 2 into the external auditory canal. A necking portion 1c is provided at the proximal end of the abutting portion 1b, and the outer diameter of the necking portion 1c gradually decreases. At least one exhaust hole 101 is provided on the tapered surface of the necking portion 1c, and an exhaust port (in the figure, the exhaust port and the exhaust passage together form a concave cavity 12) is provided on the distal end surface of the abutting portion 1b (which can also be regarded as the distal end surface of the nozzle body). The exhaust port is communicated with the exhaust hole 101 through an internal exhaust passage. When in use, when the abutting portion 1b abuts against the external auditory canal, the exhaust hole 101 is located outside the external auditory canal, and the exhaust port is located inside the external auditory canal, so as to ensure that after the perfusion gas enters the deep part of the ear canal through the extension tube 2 inserted on the air inlet passage 13, the reflux gas enters the exhaust passage through the exhaust port and is discharged to the outside of the external auditory canal through the exhaust hole 101, avoiding excessive pressure in the ear canal.

[0058] In the above embodiment, the extension tube 2 can be made of a silicone elastic hose. Its proximal end is detachably fixed in the concave cavity 12 of the nozzle body 1 by a plug-in method and is communicated with the air inlet passage 13. The elastic design of the extension tube 2 can adapt to the curvature of the ear canals of different patients, and the plug-and-play structure is convenient for replacement and disinfection. A clamping groove 105 for clamping the extension tube 2 is provided at the distal end of the air inlet passage 13. The outer diameter of the extension tube 2 is equivalent to the inner diameter of the clamping groove 105, and the inner diameter of the extension tube 2 is equivalent to the inner diameter of the air inlet passage 13. The inner surface of the clamping groove 105 is provided with convex ridges for interference fit with the extension tube 2 to clamp the extension tube 2 so that it will not fall off easily and can be replaced conveniently. An annular gap is formed between the inner wall of the concave cavity 12 and the extension tube 2. This gap is part of the exhaust passage, and the distal end of this gap 100 is an annular air inlet 100a. The gas in the ear can enter the concave cavity 12 through the annular air inlet 100a, and the air flow passes through the gap 100 and is discharged outward through the exhaust hole 101.

[0059] Specifically, as Figures 2 - 4 shown, a V-shaped annular groove 102 is provided in the middle of the nozzle body 1 to separate the distal concave cavity 12 and the proximal air inlet cavity 11. The air inlet passage 13 passes through the V-shaped annular groove 102 to connect the concave cavity 12 and the air inlet cavity 11. The extension tube 2 is inserted into the concave cavity 12. The extension tube 2 is communicated with the air inlet passage 13. The gap 100 between the tube wall of the extension tube 2 and the inner wall of the concave cavity 12 forms an exhaust passage, and the exhaust passage formed by this gap 100 is communicated with the exhaust hole 101.

[0060] In this embodiment, the inclination angle of the conical surface of the necking portion 1c is in the range of 10° to 60°, preferably 20° to 35°; the number of exhaust holes 101 can be one or more, and they are opened on the conical surface of the necking portion 1c. When using this nozzle for cold and heat stimulation tests, the conical outer wall provides the main limiting function, and the conical surface of the necking portion 1c guides the exhaust holes 101 towards the outer side of the ear canal, ensuring that the exhaust direction is away from the patient's face.

[0061] In another embodiment, as Figure 13 shown, the distal end of the nozzle body 1 may not be provided with a cavity, but instead the air inlet channel 13 is extended to the distal end face of the nozzle body 1, the extension tube 2 is inserted into the air inlet channel 13, a plurality of hole-shaped exhaust channels 106 communicating with the exhaust holes 101 are provided in the nozzle body 1, and a hole-shaped exhaust port 106a communicating with the hole-shaped exhaust channels 106 is provided on the distal end face of the nozzle body 1.

[0062] As Figure 1 、 Figure 2 shown, the present invention also provides a vestibular cold and heat stimulator, including an air delivery handle 5 and a cold and hot gas perfusion nozzle.

[0063] An air inlet pipe 502, a gas temperature change module 503, and a blowing pipe 501 are provided in the air delivery handle 5. An air nozzle connector 4 is provided at the end of the air delivery handle 5. The air nozzle connector 4 is fixed to the air delivery handle through a clamping boss 401. The cold and hot gas perfusion nozzle includes a nozzle body 1 and an extension tube 2 provided on the nozzle body 1. The nozzle body 1 is detachably inserted into the air nozzle connector 4. The gas temperature change module 503 is located between the air inlet pipe 502 and the blowing pipe 501. The air inlet pipe 502 is externally connected to a gas source through a connecting pipeline 506. After the gas enters the gas temperature change module 503 through the air inlet pipe 502 for heating or cooling, it is then blown into the nozzle body 1 through the blowing pipe and finally blown into the ear through the extension tube 2. As Figure 14 shown, the gas temperature change module 503 includes a semiconductor refrigeration chip 503a and a heat exchange cavity 503b. A semiconductor refrigeration chip generally includes a thermocouple pair formed by connecting an N-type semiconductor material and a P-type semiconductor material. When an electric current passes through, heat transfer will occur between the two faces of the semiconductor refrigeration chip, and heat will transfer from one face to the other, thus generating a temperature difference to form a cold and hot surface. When the direction of the electric current is switched, the cold and hot surfaces are also switched. The two ends of the heat exchange cavity 503b are respectively connected to the air inlet pipe 502 and the blowing pipe 501. One face of the semiconductor refrigeration chip 503a is a working face, and the other face is a heat dissipation face. The working face is attached to the outer wall of the heat exchange cavity 503b, and the heat dissipation face is located outside the heat exchange cavity 503b and is attached to a radiator 503c.

[0064] The proximal end of the nozzle body 1 is provided with an installation part 1a, and a nozzle installation groove 402 is arranged on the distal end face of the nozzle connecting piece 4. The installation part 1a is inserted and installed in the nozzle installation groove 402. A sealing ring groove 104 is arranged on the installation part 1a, and a sealing ring 3 is installed in the sealing ring groove 104 to seal the nozzle body 1 and the nozzle connecting piece 4, preventing gas leakage. At the same time, the elasticity of the sealing ring 3 itself is used to increase the connection damping between the nozzle body 1 and the nozzle connecting piece 4, so that the nozzle body 1 is not easy to fall off and can be conveniently disassembled and rotated.

[0065] An air inlet cavity 11 is formed on the end face of the installation part 1a, and an air vent hole opposite to the air inlet cavity 11 is arranged at the bottom of the nozzle installation groove 402. In this embodiment, as Figures 6 - 10 shown, the air vent hole includes a middle air hole and a plurality of peripheral air holes 404 located around the middle air hole 403. An installation groove 41 is formed on the proximal end face of the nozzle connecting piece 4, and an inner concave surface 410 is arranged at the bottom of the installation groove 41. The middle air hole 403 and the peripheral air holes 404 are formed on the inner concave surface 410; an installation block 42 is arranged in the installation groove 41, the installation block 42 is pressed against the bottom of the installation groove 41, and a gap 410a is formed between the end face of the installation block 42 and the inner concave surface 410; a blowing hole 420 is arranged on the installation block 42, and the blowing hole 420 communicates with a blowing pipe. The gas blown out by the blowing pipe 501 can enter the gap 410a through the blowing hole 420, and then pass through the middle air hole 403 and the peripheral air holes 404 to enter the air inlet cavity 11. By setting the structure in which the air inlet cavity 11, the peripheral air holes 404, the middle air hole 403 and the gap 410a cooperate with each other, the air inlet cavity 11 has a sufficient cross-sectional area to receive the direct blowing of the peripheral air holes 404 and the middle air hole 403. At the same time, the air inlet cavity 11 serves as an air flow buffer area, which can effectively make the gas flow steady before entering the extension pipe 2. In addition, a pipe joint 421 is arranged on the installation block 42. One end of the pipe joint 421 is inserted into the blowing hole 420, and the other end is connected to the blowing pipe 501. A temperature sensor 507 is installed on the pipe joint 421; the probe of the temperature sensor 507 is arranged in the middle air hole 403, so that it is placed as close as possible to the center of the air flow, improving the accuracy of gas temperature detection. The peripheral air holes 404 can effectively make up for the blockage of the air flow in the middle air hole 403 by the probe, increase the overall ventilation area, reduce air flow loss, and improve ventilation efficiency.

[0066] As Figure 12 shown, in another embodiment, the distal end of the nozzle connecting piece 4 is inserted into the installation part 1a.

[0067] As Figures 3 - 6As shown, in this embodiment, a V-shaped annular groove 102 is formed in the middle of the nozzle body 1. Inside the nozzle body 1 and on one side of the V-shaped annular groove 102, a cavity 12 with an open distal end is provided, and on the other side, the intake cavity 11 with an open proximal end is provided. The cavity 12 and the intake cavity 11 are connected by an intake passage 13, and the extension tube 2 is inserted onto the intake passage 13. The extension tube 2 is an elastic hose, such as a silicone tube or a rubber tube, which can effectively reduce the mechanical stimulation to the ear canal and improve the patient experience. After simulation verification, at the same gas temperature of 50°C, the discomfort of the silicone hose contacting the ear canal skin is significantly lower than that of the hard plastic tube.

[0068] A clamping groove 105 for clamping the extension tube 2 is provided at the distal end of the intake passage 13. The outer diameter of the extension tube 2 is equivalent to the inner diameter of the clamping groove 105, and the inner diameter of the extension tube 2 is equivalent to the inner diameter of the intake passage 13. The inner surface of the clamping groove 105 is provided with convex ridges for interference fit with the extension tube 2 to clamp the extension tube 2 so that it will not easily fall off and can be replaced conveniently.

[0069] A butt-joint portion 1b is provided at the distal end of the nozzle body 1. The butt-joint portion 1b can butt against the edge of the patient's external auditory canal to limit the depth of insertion of the extension tube 2 into the external auditory canal. At the same time, a plurality of exhaust holes 101 are provided on the nozzle body 1 and on the proximal side of the butt-joint portion 1b, so that the exhaust holes 101 can always be located outside the external auditory canal. A gap 100 is provided between the extension tube 2 and the inner wall of the cavity 12, and the exhaust holes 101 communicate with the cavity 12. In use, the extension tube 2 can be inserted into the patient's external auditory canal, and the distal end of the extension tube 2 can extend to a position close to the patient's eardrum. The depth of insertion of the extension tube 2 into the patient's external auditory canal is 10 mm to 25 mm, preferably 10 mm - 22 mm. As Figure 15 shown, the gas blown out from the extension tube 2 accumulates in the ear after reaching the eardrum. As the extension tube 2 continuously blows air outwards, since there is a gap 100 between the extension tube 2 and the inner wall of the cavity 12, the gap 100 forms an annular exhaust passage for the air flow to pass through, and the distal end of the gap 100 is an annular air inlet 100a. The gas in the ear can enter the cavity 12 through the annular air inlet 100a, and the air flow passes through the gap 100 and is discharged outwards through the exhaust holes 101.

[0070] A conical outer wall is provided at the distal end of the nozzle body 1. The conical outer wall forms the butt-joint portion 1b, and the distal end face of the nozzle body 1 is an inclined section 103. The structure of the conical outer wall can adapt to the ear canal diameters of different patients, and the inclined section 103 can correspond to the structure of the edge of the human external auditory canal, making the nozzle body 1 more adaptable to the external auditory canal.

[0071] The proximal side of the abutting portion 1b is connected to a necking portion 1c with a reduced outer diameter. In this embodiment, the necking portion 1c includes a tapered surface (i.e., the tapered surface on the distal side of the V-shaped annular groove 102) that is connected to the abutting portion 1b and has a gradually decreasing outer diameter. The exhaust hole 101 is formed on the tapered surface, so that when exhausting, gas can be blown out in a divergent shape obliquely backward along the exhaust hole 101. The exhaust airway is reasonably designed, and the air flow is smoother without being blocked by other structures.

[0072] In the above embodiment, a cavity 12 is provided, and the extension tube 2 is inserted into the cavity 12 and connected to the intake airway 13, so as to form an annular exhaust airway (i.e., the gap 100) between the extension tube 2 and the inner wall of the cavity 12. This structure makes the processing structure of the nozzle body 1 relatively simple and has a high exhaust efficiency. However, in other embodiments, as Figure 13 shown, the distal end of the nozzle body 1 may not be provided with a cavity, but the intake airway 13 is extended to the distal end face of the nozzle body 1. The extension tube 2 is inserted into the intake airway 13. A plurality of hole-shaped exhaust airways 106 communicating with the exhaust hole 101 are provided in the nozzle body 1, and a hole-shaped exhaust port 106a communicating with the hole-shaped exhaust airways 106 is provided on the distal end face of the nozzle body 1.

[0073] In addition, the present invention also provides a cold and hot gas perfusion system, including the vestibular cold and hot stimulator as described above, as well as an air pump, a control module, a display and operation interaction module, and a heat dissipation module.

[0074] The air pump connecting pipeline 506 is connected to the air inlet pipe 502 in the vestibular cold and heat stimulator. An indicating device (the indicating device is an indicator light 505 in this embodiment) and a control button 504 are also arranged on the vestibular cold and heat stimulator. The control module is connected to the temperature sensor 507, the gas temperature change module 503, the indicating device, the control button 504 and the air pump. The control module is used to control the air pump to pump gas with a controlled flow rate to the air delivery handle 5, and the gas flow rate is usually between 4 L / min and 12 L / min; it is also used to perform closed-loop control on the power of the gas temperature change module 503 based on the preset temperature and the real-time temperature data collected by the temperature sensor 507; it is also used to control the indicating device to send an indication message when the temperature data collected by the gas temperature sensor 507 reaches the preset temperature value, and at the same time unlock the control button 504; it is also used to start timing after the control button 504 is triggered, and turn off the air pump after the preset timing time ends. The display and interaction module is mainly used to display the gas flow rate, temperature, status, and to allow the user to set the temperature, flow rate, etc. Since the gas temperature change module 503 uses a semiconductor refrigeration sheet for temperature change, heat exchange is performed on the working surface of the semiconductor refrigeration sheet through the heat exchange cavity 503b connecting the air inlet pipe 502 and the air blowing pipe 501 and conducted to the patient's ear, and the heat dissipation surface of the semiconductor refrigeration sheet can perform heat exchange through the heat dissipation module. There are two relatively common heat exchange forms for the heat dissipation module. One is air-cooled heat dissipation, and the other is water-cooled heat dissipation. In the air-cooled heat dissipation method, a radiator 503c can be attached to the outside of the heat dissipation surface, and a fan (not shown in the figure) is used to blow directly at the radiator 503c. The water-cooled heat dissipation method (not shown in the figure) is to set up a water circulation cavity, an inlet pipe, a return pipe, a circulation water pump and heat dissipation fins. The water circulation cavity is attached to the heat dissipation surface of the semiconductor refrigeration sheet. The circulation water pump pumps the water out and enters the water circulation cavity through the inlet pipe, and then flows into the heat dissipation fins from the return pipe. The heat is transferred to the water through the water circulation cavity, and the heat in the water is naturally cooled through the heat dissipation fins. Because the specific heat capacity of water is 4.15 times that of air, the heat dissipation efficiency is higher and it is quieter. The circulation water pump and the heat dissipation fins can be arranged in the main unit, and the air delivery handle is convenient for being lightweight.

[0075] Obviously, the above embodiments are only examples given for clear illustration, and are not limitations on the implementation manners. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all the implementation manners here. And the obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A nozzle for cold and hot gas perfusion, characterized in that: It includes an air nozzle body and an extension tube provided on the air nozzle body; an air inlet passage communicating with the extension tube is provided in the air nozzle body, the extension tube can be inserted into the patient's external auditory canal, and the distal end of the extension tube can extend to a position close to the patient's eardrum; a contact portion is provided at the distal end of the air nozzle body, and at least one exhaust hole is provided on the air nozzle body and on the proximal side of the contact portion. The contact portion can abut against the edge of the patient's external auditory canal to limit the insertion depth of the extension tube into the external auditory canal and keep the exhaust hole always outside the external auditory canal; an exhaust passage communicating with the exhaust hole is provided in the air nozzle body, and an exhaust port communicating with the exhaust passage is opened on the distal end face of the air nozzle body.

2. The cold and hot gas perfusion nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extension tube is an elastic hose and is detachably inserted on the air nozzle body.

3. The cold and hot gas perfusion nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: A conical outer wall is provided at the distal end of the air nozzle body, and the conical outer wall forms the contact portion.

4. The cold and hot gas perfusion nozzle according to claim 1, wherein: On the proximal side of the contact portion, it is connected to a necking portion with a reduced outer diameter, and the exhaust hole is opened on the necking portion.

5. The cold and hot gas perfusion air nozzle according to claim 4, characterized in that: The necking portion includes a conical surface portion connected to the contact portion and with a gradually decreasing outer diameter, and the exhaust hole is opened on the conical surface portion.

6. The cold and hot gas perfusion air nozzle according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: A concave cavity is opened on the distal end face of the air nozzle body, the proximal end of the extension tube is inserted into the concave cavity, and there is a gap between the inner wall of the extension tube and the concave cavity, and the gap forms the exhaust passage.

7. The cold and hot gas perfusion air nozzle according to claim 6, characterized in that: A V-shaped ring groove is opened in the middle of the air nozzle body. An air inlet cavity is provided on one side of the V-shaped ring groove in the air nozzle body, and the concave cavity is provided on the other side. The concave cavity and the air inlet cavity are connected by the air inlet passage, and the extension tube is inserted on the air inlet passage.

8. The cold and hot gas infusion nozzle according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: The distal end face of the air nozzle body is an inclined cut surface.

9. A vestibular cold and heat stimulator, characterized in that: It includes an air delivery handle and the cold and hot air perfusion air nozzle according to any one of claims 1-8.

10. The vestibular cold and heat stimulator according to claim 9, characterized in that: An installation portion is provided at the proximal end of the air nozzle body. The air delivery handle includes an air nozzle connector at the end, and the installation portion is rotatably installed on the air nozzle connector.

11. The vestibular cold and heat stimulator according to claim 10, wherein: An air nozzle installation groove is provided on the distal end face of the air nozzle connector, and the installation portion is inserted and installed in the air nozzle installation groove; a sealing ring is provided on the installation portion.

12. The vestibular cold and heat stimulator according to claim 10, characterized in that: An air inlet cavity is opened on the end face of the installation portion, and a ventilation hole opposite to the air inlet cavity is provided at the bottom of the air nozzle installation groove.

13. The vestibular cold and heat stimulator according to claim 12, wherein: The ventilation hole includes a middle air hole and a plurality of peripheral air holes around the middle air hole, and a temperature sensor is provided in the middle air hole.

14. The vestibular cold and heat stimulator according to claim 13, characterized in that: An installation groove is opened on the proximal end face of the air nozzle connector, an inner concave surface is provided at the bottom of the installation groove, and the middle air hole and the peripheral air holes are opened on the inner concave surface; an installation block is provided in the installation groove, the installation block presses against the bottom of the installation groove, and a gap is formed between the end face of the installation block and the inner concave surface; a blowing hole is provided on the installation block, the blowing hole communicates with a blowing pipe, and the gas blown out by the blowing pipe can enter the gap through the blowing hole and then enter the middle air hole and the peripheral air holes.

15. The vestibular cold and heat stimulator according to claim 14, characterized in that: A pipe joint is provided on the installation block, one end of the pipe joint is inserted into the blowing hole, and the other end is connected to the blowing pipe; the temperature sensor is installed on the pipe joint.

16. The vestibular cold and heat stimulator according to any one of claims 9-15, characterized in that: The vestibular cold and heat stimulator further includes an air inlet pipe and a gas temperature change module, and the gas temperature change module is connected between the air inlet pipe and the blowing pipe for heating or cooling the gas.

17. A cold and hot gas perfusion system, characterized in that: Comprising: The vestibular cold and heat stimulator according to any one of claims 9-16; An air pump, and a connecting pipeline is connected to the vestibular cold and heat stimulator; A control module, which is connected to the temperature sensor and the gas temperature change module in the vestibular cold and heat stimulator, and is used for performing closed-loop control on the power of the gas temperature change module based on a preset temperature and real-time temperature data collected by the temperature sensor.

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