Efficient cleaning device for ventilation pipeline

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of air duct cleaning, in particular to an efficient cleaning device for a ventilating duct, which comprises a shell, a driving assembly and a dust collection assembly are arranged in the shell, a cleaning assembly is arranged at the front end of the shell, and the cleaning assembly comprises a cleaning mechanism and an adapting mechanism. The cleaning mechanism comprises a push column, a mounting base, guide columns, guide rods, a sliding shaft and cleaning plates, the push column and the multiple guide columns are slidably connected in the machine shell, the mounting base is mounted at the front ends of the push column and the guide columns, the multiple sets of guide rods are slidably connected in the mounting base, and the multiple cleaning plates are mounted on the end faces of the guide rods; according to the air duct cleaning device, under the action of the cleaning assembly, the hard bristles are automatically matched with the size of the inner wall of the air duct, when the device moves, dust and impurities attached to the air duct can be cleaned away at a time, the cleaning effect is good, and the cleaning effect is good. And the cleaning efficiency of the ventilation pipeline is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of air duct cleaning, and more particularly to an efficient cleaning device for ventilation ducts. Background Art

[0002] A ventilation duct is a metal or composite duct used in the ventilation and air conditioning projects of industrial and civil buildings, which is a municipal infrastructure for air circulation and reduction of harmful gas concentration; generally, the ventilation duct is square. After long-term use, dust, oil stains and other impurities will accumulate inside the ventilation duct, which will affect the ventilation of the ventilation duct, and it is necessary to clean the inner wall of the ventilation duct.

[0003] Deficiencies of the prior art: When cleaning the ventilation duct, usually the inside of the duct is cleaned manually, which is not only troublesome to operate but also has low work efficiency. Although mechanical equipment is also used to clean the inner wall of the duct, the existing equipment is difficult to adapt to the duct size and difficult to cover the inner wall of the duct. In a certain distance inside the duct, it is necessary to control the equipment to clean each surface of the duct, and the cleaning efficiency still cannot meet the requirements. For this reason, we propose an efficient cleaning device for ventilation ducts. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present invention provides an efficient cleaning device for ventilation ducts to solve the problems existing in the above background art.

[0005] The present invention provides the following technical solution: An efficient cleaning device for ventilation ducts, including a machine shell, a driving component and a dust suction component are arranged inside the machine shell, a cleaning component is arranged at the front end of the machine shell, the cleaning component includes a cleaning mechanism and an adaptation mechanism, the cleaning mechanism includes a push column, a mounting seat, guide columns, guide rods, sliding shafts, and cleaning plates. The push column and multiple guide columns are all slidably connected inside the machine shell. The mounting seat is installed at the front ends of the push column and the guide columns. Multiple groups of guide rods are slidably connected inside the mounting seat. Multiple cleaning plates are all installed at the end faces of the guide rods. Multiple sliding shafts are all installed on the surfaces of the cleaning plates and are slidably connected with the mounting seat. First springs are installed between the sliding shafts.

[0006] The adaptation mechanism includes chutes, extension plates and second springs. Multiple chutes are all opened on the surfaces of the cleaning plates. Multiple pairs of extension plates are all slidably connected inside the chutes. Pulleys are rotatably connected inside the extension plates. The second springs are installed between the extension plates and the cleaning plates. Hard brush hairs are installed on the surfaces of the extension plates and the cleaning plates.

[0007] Preferably, a driving motor is installed inside the machine shell. A driving shaft is installed at the output end of the driving motor. A cam is installed on the circumferential surface of the driving shaft. The cam is in contact with the end face of the push column. A return spring is installed between the push column and the machine shell.

[0008] Preferably, positioning cylinders are installed on the surfaces of the extension plates, a plurality of positioning shafts are installed on the surface of the mounting base, positioning holes are formed on the surfaces of the sliding shafts, a positioning rod is slidably connected in the mounting base, a connecting plate is installed at the front end of the positioning rod, and the output end of the first electric push rod installed at the front end of the mounting base is fixedly connected to the connecting plate.

[0009] Preferably, the driving assembly includes a mounting frame, driving wheels and a bidirectional electric push rod. A pair of the mounting frames are slidably connected in the casing, the driving wheels are installed in the mounting frames, and the bidirectional electric push rod is installed in the casing and its output ends are fixedly connected to the mounting frames.

[0010] Preferably, the dust suction assembly includes a negative pressure pump, a negative pressure pipe, a filter housing, a dust suction housing and a first storage bin. The negative pressure pump is installed in the casing, the negative pressure pipe is installed at the input end of the negative pressure pump, the filter housing is installed in the casing and is connected to the negative pressure pipe, the dust suction housing is installed at the lower end of the casing, and the first storage bin is arranged at the rear end of the casing.

[0011] Preferably, a guiding block is installed in the first storage bin, a transfer housing is slidably connected in the casing, a plurality of storage grooves are formed on the surface of the transfer housing, the transfer housing is slidably connected to the guiding block, a second storage bin is arranged in the casing and is located in front of the first storage bin, and a second electric push rod is installed in the casing and is located in the second storage bin.

[0012] Preferably, a pair of threaded rods are rotatably connected in the casing, lifting plates are threadedly connected to the circumferences of the threaded rods, a cleaning brush installed on the surface of the lifting plate is slidably connected to the filter housing, gears are installed on the circumferences of the threaded rods, tooth grooves are formed at the left and right ends of the transfer housing, and the gears are engaged with the tooth grooves.

[0013] Preferably, blocking plates are rotatably connected to the left and right ends of the casing, the blocking plates are fixedly connected to the casing through lock catches, and the positions of the blocking plates correspond to the second storage bin.

[0014] The technical effects and advantages of the present invention:

[0015] 1. In the present invention, under the action of the first spring, the first spring will push the sliding shafts on the upper and lower sides and the left and right sides to slide around, thereby driving the cleaning plate to diffuse around, so that the four cleaning plates on the upper and lower sides and the left and right sides fit with the inner wall of the ventilation duct. At the same time, under the action of the second spring, the second spring will push the extension plate to move to both sides, so that the pulley rotatably connected in the extension plate fits with the inner wall of the ventilation duct. At this time, the cleaning component achieves the effect of adapting to the size of the inner wall of the ventilation duct, and the hard bristles installed on the surfaces of the extension plate and the cleaning plate fit with the inner wall of the ventilation duct, and then the mounting seat is controlled to shake back and forth, thereby driving the hard brush bristles installed on the surfaces of the extension plate and the cleaning plate to shake, so that the hard brush bristles and the ventilation duct slide relative to each other, so that the dust and impurities attached to the ventilation duct can be cleaned.

[0016] 2. When the present invention controls the device to move forward in the ventilation duct, the hard bristles clean the dust and impurities on the inner wall of the ventilation duct by shaking back and forth, which not only has a better cleaning effect, but also the shaking hard bristles can push some large impurities and foreign objects, avoiding that the large impurities or foreign objects interfere with the driving components and affect the normal movement of the device. Finally, when the device finishes cleaning the ventilation duct in the current area, when the device is taken out, some large impurities or foreign objects can be taken out of the ventilation duct together with the device.

[0017] 3. The present invention has multiple storage grooves on the surface of the transfer shell, which can carry a large amount of dust and impurities and move at the same time. As the transfer shell moves, the dust and impurities will move to the second storage bin along with the storage grooves, and finally fall into the second storage bin for storage, thereby avoiding storing more dust and impurities in the first storage bin connected to the negative pressure pipe. The dust and impurities are transferred and stored from the first storage bin with a negative pressure environment, thereby ensuring the cleanliness of the first storage bin, avoiding the clogging of the filter shell due to a large amount of dust and impurities, affecting the suction of the dust collection shell, and ensuring that the dust and impurities cleaned up in the ventilation duct can be absorbed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention entering into a ventilation duct for operation;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a left-side cross-sectional view in the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the disassembly of the cleaning component in the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the adaptation mechanism in the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the splitting of the extension plate in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 Front elevation sectional view schematic diagram of the cleaning assembly in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 Partial sectional view schematic diagram when the cleaning assembly is reset in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 9 In the present invention Figure 8 Schematic diagram of part A in;

[0027] Figure 10 Rear side sectional view schematic diagram of the machine housing in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the dust suction assembly in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 12 Schematic diagram when the transfer housing moves in the present invention.

[0030] Reference numerals are: 1, machine housing; 2, drive assembly; 201, mounting bracket; 202, drive wheel; 203, bidirectional electric push rod; 3, dust suction assembly; 301, negative pressure pump; 302, negative pressure pipe; 303, filter housing; 304, dust suction housing; 305, first storage bin; 306, guide block; 307, transfer housing; 308, storage groove; 309, second storage bin; 3010, second electric push rod; 3011, threaded rod; 3012, lifting plate; 3013, cleaning brush; 3014, gear; 3015, tooth alveolar groove; 3016, sealing plate; 3017, lock; 4, cleaning assembly; 41, cleaning mechanism; 411, push column; 412, guide column; 413, mounting seat; 414, guide rod; 415, cleaning plate; 416, sliding shaft; 417, first spring; 42, adaptation mechanism; 421, chute; 422, extension plate; 423, pulley; 424, second spring; 425, hard bristles; 5, drive motor; 501, drive shaft; 502, cam; 503, return spring; 6, positioning cylinder; 601, positioning shaft; 602, positioning hole; 603, positioning rod; 604, connecting plate; 605, first electric push rod. Detailed implementation manners

[0031] Next, the technical solutions in the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the present invention. In addition, the forms of each structure described in the following embodiments are merely examples, and a high-efficiency cleaning device for a ventilation duct involved in the present invention is not limited to the structures described in the following embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] As Figures 1-6 shown, in one embodiment, a highly efficient cleaning device for a ventilation duct is proposed, which includes a housing 1. A driving component 2 and a dust suction component 3 are arranged in the housing 1. A cleaning component 4 is arranged at the front end of the housing 1. The cleaning component 4 includes a cleaning mechanism 41 and an adapting mechanism 42. The cleaning mechanism 41 includes a push column 411, a mounting seat 413, guide columns 412, guide rods 414, sliding shafts 416, and a cleaning plate 415. The push column 411 and multiple guide columns 412 are all slidably connected in the housing 1. The mounting seat 413 is installed at the front ends of the push column 411 and the guide columns 412. Multiple groups of guide rods 414 are slidably connected in the mounting seat 413. Multiple cleaning plates 415 are all installed on the end faces of the guide rods 414. Multiple sliding shafts 416 are all installed on the surfaces of the cleaning plates 415 and are slidably connected with the mounting seat 413. A first spring 417 is installed between the sliding shafts 416;

[0033] The adapting mechanism 42 includes sliding grooves 421, extension plates 422, and second springs 424. Multiple sliding grooves 421 are all opened on the surfaces of the cleaning plates 415. Multiple pairs of extension plates 422 are all slidably connected in the sliding grooves 421. Pulleys 423 are rotatably connected in the extension plates 422. The second springs 424 are installed between the extension plates 422 and the cleaning plates 415. Hard bristles 425 are installed on the surfaces of the extension plates 422 and the cleaning plates 415.

[0034] In practical applications of the embodiments of the present invention, an inlet is opened on the ventilation duct, and then the device is placed into the air duct. Then, the restriction on the position of the cleaning component 4 is released. At this time, under the action of the first spring 417, the first spring 417 will push the sliding shafts 416 on the upper, lower, left, and right sides to slide around, thereby driving the cleaning plate 415 to spread around, enabling the four cleaning plates 415 on the upper, lower, left, and right to fit against the inner wall of the ventilation duct. At the same time, under the action of the second spring 424, the second spring 424 will push the extension plate 422 to move to both sides, making the pulley 423 rotatably connected inside the extension plate 422 fit against the inner wall of the ventilation duct. At this time, the cleaning component 4 achieves the effect of adapting to the size of the inner wall of the ventilation duct. The hard bristles 425 installed on the surfaces of the extension plate 422 and the cleaning plate 415 are in contact with the inner wall of the ventilation duct. Then, the mounting seat 413 is controlled to vibrate back and forth, thereby driving the hard bristles 425 installed on the surfaces of the extension plate 422 and the cleaning plate 415 to vibrate, causing relative sliding between the hard bristles 425 and the ventilation duct, and thus the dust and impurities attached to the ventilation duct can be cleaned up. At the same time, when the extension plate 422 vibrates back and forth, since the pulley 423 is in contact with the inner wall of the ventilation duct, a large frictional force between the extension plate 422 and the inner wall of the ventilation duct can be avoided. Then, under the action of the driving component 2, the device can be controlled to move inside the ventilation duct, and the inner wall of the ventilation duct can be cleaned where the device passes, improving the cleaning efficiency of the ventilation duct. And during the cleaning process, the dust and impurities cleaned by the hard bristles 425 are absorbed and stored by the dust suction component 3. After the device has cleaned a certain distance, it can be taken out to clean and discharge the dust.

[0035] In one case of the embodiments of the present invention, since the hard bristles 425 clean the dust and impurities on the inner wall of the ventilation duct by vibrating back and forth, which is similar to the movement state when a person cleans an object by pushing a brush, not only the cleaning effect is good, but also when the device moves forward, the hard bristles 425 vibrating back and forth can push some large-volume impurities and foreign objects, preventing the large-volume impurities or foreign objects from interfering with the driving component 2 and affecting the normal movement of the device. Finally, when the device has completed cleaning the ventilation duct in the current area and the device is taken out, some large-volume impurities or foreign objects can be taken out of the ventilation duct together with the device subsequently.

[0036] As Figure 3 shown, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a driving motor 5 is installed inside the housing 1. A driving shaft 501 is installed at the output end of the driving motor 5. A cam 502 is installed on the circumferential surface of the driving shaft 501. The cam 502 is in contact with the end face of the push column 411. A return spring 503 is installed between the push column 411 and the housing 1.

[0037] In practical application of the embodiment of the present invention, by controlling the operation of the driving motor 5, the driving motor 5 drives the cam 502 to rotate through the driving shaft 501. When the cam 502 rotates and cooperates with the return spring 503, the push rod 411 can be driven to move back and forth in the casing 1. The push rod 411 drives the mounting seat 413 to vibrate back and forth, thereby achieving the effect of driving the hard bristles 425 to vibrate back and forth, and completing the cleaning of the dust and impurities on the inner wall of the ventilation duct.

[0038] As Figure 3 , 8 As shown in FIGS. 9, as another preferred embodiment of the present invention, positioning cylinders 6 are installed on the surfaces of the extension plates 422, a plurality of positioning shafts 601 are installed on the surface of the mounting seat 413, positioning holes 602 are formed on the surfaces of the sliding shafts 416, a positioning rod 603 is slidably connected in the mounting seat 413, a connecting plate 604 is installed at the front end of the positioning rod 603, and the output end of the first electric push rod 605 installed at the front end of the mounting seat 413 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 604.

[0039] In practical application of the embodiment of the present invention, when the device moves into the ventilation duct, at this time, by controlling the operation of the first electric push rod 605, the first electric push rod 605 pushes the connecting plate 604 to move forward, and the connecting plate 604 will drive the positioning rod 603 to be pulled out from the positioning hole 602 formed on the surface of the sliding shaft 416. At this time, the position limitation of the sliding shaft 416 can be released. Then, under the action of the first spring 417, the cleaning plate 415 can be driven to expand around so that the hard bristles 425 contact the inner wall of the ventilation duct. At the same time, when the first spring 417 pushes the sliding shaft 416 to move in the mounting seat 413, at this time, the positioning shaft 601 will move out of the positioning cylinder 6, and the position limitation of the extension plate 422 is released. Subsequently, under the action of the second spring 424, the extension plate 422 can be pushed to expand to both sides, so that the area of the hard bristles 425 adapts to the size of the inner wall of the duct, realizing the effect that the device can complete the cleaning of the ventilation duct at a certain position after passing through once. At the same time, when the device is used up, by first pressing the extension plate 422 inward and then pressing the cleaning plate 415 inward, the positions of the extension plate 422 and the cleaning plate 415 are reset. At this time, the positioning shaft 601 moves into the positioning cylinder 6 for limiting, and finally, by controlling the positioning rod 603 to be inserted back into the positioning hole 602 formed on the surface of the sliding shaft 416, the cleaning plate 415 and the extension plate 422 are reset and stored, which is convenient for the device to be carried and transported.

[0040] As Figure 1 and 3As shown in the figure, as another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the driving assembly 2 includes a mounting frame 201, a driving wheel 202, and a bidirectional electric push rod 203. A pair of mounting frames 201 are both slidably connected in the casing 1. The driving wheels 202 are both installed in the mounting frames 201. The bidirectional electric push rod 203 is installed in the casing 1 and its output ends are fixedly connected to the mounting frames 201.

[0041] In the actual application of the embodiment of the present invention, when the device moves into the ventilation duct, at this time, by controlling the operation of the bidirectional electric push rod 203, the bidirectional electric push rod 203 will drive a pair of mounting frames 201 to move upward and downward respectively, so that the driving wheels 202 therein are all attached to the ventilation duct. Subsequently, by controlling the operation of the driving wheels 202, the effect of stably controlling the movement of the device can be achieved, avoiding the inertia generated when the mounting seat 413 vibrates and affecting the normal movement of the device.

[0042] As Figure 3 and 11 As shown in the figure, as another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dust suction assembly 3 includes a negative pressure pump 301, a negative pressure pipe 302, a filter housing 303, a dust suction housing 304, and a first storage bin 305. The negative pressure pump 301 is installed in the casing 1. The negative pressure pipe 302 is installed at the input end of the negative pressure pump 301. The filter housing 303 is installed in the casing 1 and is connected to the negative pressure pipe 302. The dust suction housing 304 is installed at the lower end of the casing 1. The first storage bin 305 is arranged at the rear end of the casing 1.

[0043] In the actual application of the embodiment of the present invention, when the device moves in the ventilation duct, the dust and impurities attached to the inner wall of the ventilation duct will fall off after being cleaned by the cleaning assembly 4. At this time, by controlling the operation of the negative pressure pump 301, the negative pressure pump 301 forms a negative pressure environment in the first storage bin 305 through the negative pressure pipe 302 and the filter housing 303. Then, under the action of the dust suction housing 304, the dust and impurities below the dust suction housing 304 are absorbed, and the dust and impurities are absorbed into the first storage bin 305. Then, under the action of the filter housing 303, the dust and impurities are intercepted, and the dust and impurities are temporarily stored in the first storage bin 305.

[0044] As Figure 3 、 11 As shown in Figures 11, 12, and 12, as another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a guide block 306 is installed in the first storage bin 305. A transfer housing 307 is slidably connected in the casing 1. A plurality of storage grooves 308 are formed on the surface of the transfer housing 307. The transfer housing 307 is slidably connected to the guide block 306. A second storage bin 309 is arranged in the casing 1 and is located in front of the first storage bin 305. A second electric push rod 3010 is installed in the casing 1, and the second electric push rod 3010 is located in the second storage bin 309.

[0045] In actual application of the embodiment of the present invention, when the negative pressure pump 301 is running, the dust and impurities cleaned on the ventilation duct will be absorbed into the first storage slot 308 through the dust suction shell 304. At this time, under the action of the guide block 306, most of the dust and impurities will stay above the guide block 306. Then, by controlling the operation of the second electric push rod 3010, the second electric push rod 3010 will drive the transfer shell 307 to move. Since a plurality of storage slots 308 are provided on the surface of the transfer shell 307, a large amount of dust and impurities can be carried and moved at the same time. With the movement of the shell 307, the dust and impurities will move into the second storage bin 309 along with the storage slot 308, and finally fall into the second storage bin 309 for storage, avoiding the first storage bin 305 connected to the negative pressure pipe 302 to store more dust and impurities, and transferring the dust and impurities from the first storage bin 305 with a negative pressure environment for storage, thereby ensuring the cleanliness of the first storage bin 305, avoiding the clogging of the filter shell 303 due to a large amount of dust and impurities, affecting the suction force of the dust collection shell 304, and ensuring that the dust and impurities cleaned up in the ventilation duct can be absorbed.

[0046] In one case of an embodiment of the present invention, when the transfer shell 307 slides in the casing 1, the transfer shell 307 can be located in the first storage bin 305 and the second storage bin 309 at the same time. Since a plurality of storage grooves 308 are provided on the surface of the transfer shell 307, which are similar to a plurality of leakage holes, and the width of the storage grooves 308 is smaller than the thickness of the partitions used to separate the first storage bin 305 and the second storage bin 309 in the casing 1, when dust and impurities are transferred to the second storage bin 309, the sealing of the first storage bin 305 can be ensured, and direct connection between the first storage bin 305 and the second storage bin 309 can be avoided, thereby ensuring the stability of the suction force of the suction shell.

[0047] like Figures 10-12 As shown, as another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a pair of threaded rods 3011 are rotatably connected in the casing 1, the circumferential surfaces of the threaded rods 3011 are threadedly connected with lifting plates 3012, the cleaning brushes 3013 installed on the surface of the lifting plates 3012 are slidably connected with the filter shell 303, the circumferential surfaces of the threaded rods 3011 are installed with gears 3014, and tooth grooves 3015 are provided at the left and right ends of the transfer shell 307, and the gears 3014 are meshed with the tooth grooves 3015.

[0048] In the actual application of the embodiments of the present invention, when the transfer shell 307 moves, through the tooth grooves 3015 formed on the surface of the transfer shell 307, a pair of gears 3014 can be driven to rotate. The pair of gears 3014 will drive a pair of threaded rods 3011 to rotate simultaneously. By the simultaneous rotation of the pair of threaded rods 3011, the lifting plate 3012 and the cleaning brush 3013 can be driven to lift. When the transfer shell 307 moves forward, the cleaning brush 3013 will move downward to clean the filter screen on the filter shell 303, scraping off the dust and impurities adsorbed on its surface, achieving the cleaning effect of the filter shell 303, avoiding the blockage of the filter screen on the filter shell 303. At the same time, when the transfer shell 307 resets, the gear 3014 will drive the threaded rod 3011 to rotate in the reverse direction, driving the lifting plate 3012 and the cleaning brush 3013 to rise and reset. Repeating this process, the dust and impurities can be continuously transferred to the second storage shell, and at the same time, the cleaning effect of the filter screen on the filter shell 303 can be completed, ensuring the stable suction of the dust suction shell 304 and fully absorbing the dust and impurities in the ventilation duct.

[0049] As Figure 1 shown, as another preferred embodiment of the present invention, sealing plates 3016 are rotatably connected to the left and right ends of the casing 1. The sealing plates 3016 are fixedly connected to the casing 1 through latches 3017, and the positions of the sealing plates 3016 correspond to the second storage bin 309.

[0050] In the actual application of the embodiments of the present invention, under the action of the transfer shell 307, the dust and impurities absorbed in the ventilation duct are basically transferred into the second storage bin 309. After the equipment is used up, by unlocking the latch 3017 to open the plug plate, the dust and impurities stored in the second storage bin 309 can be cleaned up at this time.

[0051] Finally, several points should be noted: First, in the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, which can be mechanical connection or electrical connection, or the communication inside two components, and can be directly connected. "Up", "down", "left", "right", etc. are only used to represent the relative position relationship. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative position relationship may change;

[0052] Secondly: In the drawings of the disclosed embodiments of the present invention, only the structures related to the disclosed embodiments of the present invention are involved. Other structures can refer to the general design. Without conflict, the same embodiment and different embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other;

[0053] Finally: The above description is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not used to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An efficient cleaning device for ventilation ducts, comprising a casing (1), characterized in that: A driving component (2) and a dust suction component (3) are arranged inside the casing (1). A cleaning component (4) is arranged at the front end of the casing (1). The cleaning component (4) includes a cleaning mechanism (41) and an adapting mechanism (42). The cleaning mechanism (41) includes a push column (411), a mounting seat (413), a guiding column (412), a guiding rod (414), a sliding shaft (416), a sliding shaft (416) and a cleaning plate (415). The push column (411) and a plurality of guiding columns (412) are all slidably connected inside the casing (1). The mounting seat (413) is mounted at the front ends of the push column (411) and the guiding columns (412). A plurality of groups of guiding rods (414) are slidably connected inside the mounting seat (413). A plurality of cleaning plates (415) are all mounted on the end faces of the guiding rods (414). A plurality of sliding shafts (416) are all mounted on the surfaces of the cleaning plates (415) and are slidably connected with the mounting seat (413). A first spring (417) is mounted between the sliding shafts (416). The adapting mechanism (42) includes a sliding groove (421), an extension plate (422) and a second spring (424). A plurality of sliding grooves (421) are all formed on the surfaces of the cleaning plates (415). A plurality of pairs of extension plates (422) are all slidably connected inside the sliding grooves (421). A pulley (423) is rotatably connected inside each extension plate (422). The second spring (424) is mounted between the extension plate (422) and the cleaning plate (415). Hard bristles (425) are mounted on the surfaces of the extension plate (422) and the cleaning plate (415).

2. The high-efficiency cleaning device for a ventilation duct according to claim 1, characterized in that: A driving motor (5) is mounted inside the casing (1). A driving shaft (501) is mounted at the output end of the driving motor (5). A cam (502) is mounted on the circumferential surface of the driving shaft (501). The cam (502) is in contact with the end face of the push column (411). A return spring (503) is mounted between the push column (411) and the casing (1).

3. The highly efficient cleaning device for a ventilation duct according to claim 1, characterized in that: Positioning cylinders (6) are all mounted on the surfaces of the extension plates (422). A plurality of positioning shafts (601) are mounted on the surface of the mounting seat (413). Positioning holes (602) are all formed on the surfaces of the sliding shafts (416). A positioning rod (603) is slidably connected inside the mounting seat (413). A connecting plate (604) is mounted at the front end of the positioning rod (603). The output end of a first electric push rod (605) mounted at the front end of the mounting seat (413) is fixedly connected with the connecting plate (604).

4. The high-efficiency cleaning device for a ventilation duct according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving component (2) includes a mounting frame (201), a driving wheel (202) and a bidirectional electric push rod (203). A pair of mounting frames (201) are all slidably connected inside the casing (1). The driving wheels (202) are all mounted inside the mounting frames (201). The bidirectional electric push rod (203) is mounted inside the casing (1) and its output ends are all fixedly connected with the mounting frames (201).

5. The highly efficient cleaning device for a ventilation duct according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust suction assembly (3) includes a negative pressure pump (301), a negative pressure pipe (302), a filter housing (303), a dust suction housing (304), and a first storage bin (305). The negative pressure pump (301) is installed inside the housing (1), the negative pressure pipe (302) is installed at the input end of the negative pressure pump (301), the filter housing (303) is installed inside the housing (1) and connected to the negative pressure pipe (302), the dust suction housing (304) is installed at the lower end of the housing (1), and the first storage bin (305) is arranged at the rear end of the housing (1).

6. The highly efficient cleaning device for a ventilation duct according to claim 5, wherein: A guide block (306) is installed inside the first storage bin (305). A transfer housing (307) is slidably connected inside the housing (1). A plurality of storage grooves (308) are formed on the surface of the transfer housing (307). The transfer housing (307) is slidably connected to the guide block (306). A second storage bin (309) is arranged inside the housing (1) and located in front of the first storage bin (305). A second electric push rod (3010) is installed inside the housing (1), and the second electric push rod (3010) is located inside the second storage bin (309).

7. The highly efficient cleaning device for ventilation ducts according to claim 6, wherein: A pair of threaded rods (3011) are rotatably connected inside the housing (1). The circumferential surfaces of the threaded rods (3011) are both threadedly connected with a lifting plate (3012). A cleaning brush (3013) installed on the surface of the lifting plate (3012) is slidably connected to the filter housing (303). A gear (3014) is installed on the circumferential surface of the threaded rod (3011). Tooth grooves (3015) are formed at both the left and right ends of the transfer housing (307). The gear (3014) meshes with the tooth grooves (3015).

8. The highly efficient cleaning device for a ventilation duct according to claim 6, characterized in that: Blocking plates (3016) are rotatably connected to both the left and right ends of the housing (1). The blocking plates (3016) are fixedly connected to the housing (1) through latches (3017). The positions of the blocking plates (3016) correspond to the second storage bin (309).

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