Friction stir welding tool and method for aluminum alloy thin plate of satellite cabin plate

Abstract

The invention discloses a friction stir welding tool and method for an aluminum alloy thin plate of a satellite cabin plate. The tool comprises a tool base, side jacking devices, a base support and a pressing device, the side jacking devices are oppositely arranged on the two sides of the tool base, the base support and the pressing device which are vertically opposite are arranged between the two side jacking devices, and areas on the two sides of a welding seam are thoroughly compacted through cooperation of the base support and the pressing device; the side jacking device and the downward pressing device are each provided with an air cylinder. By means of the tool, the assembling and welding size can be controlled, and overall deformation can be controlled through enough pressing blocks. Areas on the two sides of a friction stir welding seam are thoroughly compacted through a base support and a pressing device, then the walking rollers are designed to conduct real-time pressing and fixing in front of the welding seam, and the welding area is controlled to generate thermal deformation. According to the method, a better thin plate friction stir welding parameter interval is provided, the welding efficiency is improved, and the welding seam quality is improved. The post-welding weld joint tensile strength is not lower than that of a base material through post-welding fire heat treatment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of welding processes, and particularly relates to a friction stir welding fixture and method for aluminum alloy thin plates of satellite cabin plates. Background Art

[0002] Aluminum alloy profiles are widely used and important in the aviation field. Due to their lightweight and high-strength characteristics, aluminum alloy profiles have become one of the indispensable materials in aviation manufacturing. Specifically, as a lightweight and high-strength alloy material, aluminum alloy profiles are widely used as structural materials in the aerospace field. Due to their high strength and excellent processing performance, aluminum alloy profiles are commonly used in the manufacturing of structural components such as spacecraft fuselages, skins, and cabin doors.

[0003] Currently, the commonly used satellite materials generally adopt forged aluminum. After the aluminum alloy is formed by forging, it is then machined. The overall machining is into a specific structure, with a long processing cycle and high cost. With the continuous development of satellite manufacturing technology, low cost and high efficiency have gradually become the trend of satellite manufacturing.

[0004] As a green and environmentally friendly welding method, the friction stir welding process has been commonly used in fields such as rail transit vehicles and automobile manufacturing in recent years. The friction stir welding has high welding speed and efficiency, and can reduce the dependence on personnel skills; during the friction stir welding process, the weld is not melted, and the weld strength is high due to extrusion forming in the solid solution state, which makes the friction stir welding gradually more and more popular in various industries. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the disadvantages and deficiencies existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a friction stir welding fixture and method for aluminum alloy thin plates of satellite cabin plates. Using this friction stir welding fixture for assembly and fixation, friction stir welding is used to weld 2-mm-thick aluminum alloy profiles (satellite cabin plates), and post-weld annealing treatment is carried out. The tensile strength of the weld after welding is not lower than that of the base material.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows: A friction stir welding fixture for aluminum alloy thin plates of satellite cabin plates includes a fixture base, a side pressing device, a base support, and a downward pressing device arranged on the fixture base. The side pressing devices are relatively arranged on both sides of the fixture base, and the base support and the downward pressing device are arranged opposite to each other up and down between the two side pressing devices. The areas on both sides of the weld are thoroughly compacted through the cooperation of the base support and the downward pressing device; both the side pressing device and the downward pressing device are provided with cylinders.

[0007] Further, the fixture base includes a base frame and a slide rail. The base frames are connected to form a stable quadrilateral structure, and the slide rail is arranged in the transverse direction of the base frame.

[0008] Further, the side pressing device includes a left side pressing device and a right side pressing device. The left side pressing device and / or the right side pressing device includes a side pressing beam, a side pressing base, and a side pressing cylinder, a side pressing joint assembly, a first side pressing connecting rod, a second side pressing connecting rod, a side pressing linear shaft seat, and a side pressing adjusting disc that are sequentially connected above the side pressing base. The side pressing adjusting disc faces and contacts the side pressing beam. The side pressing beam is longitudinally placed on the working base, and pulleys are arranged below both ends of the side pressing beam. The pulleys move on the slide rails of the working base to laterally press the aluminum alloy thin plate of the satellite cabin board. A side pressing slider is arranged below the side pressing base, and the side pressing slider moves on the slide rails of the tooling base.

[0009] Further, the base support includes a base support longitudinal beam, a first base support plate, and a second base support plate. The base support longitudinal beam is longitudinally placed on the tooling base. The first base support plate and the second base support plate are arranged above the base support longitudinal beam along the length direction. The weld coincides with the center line of the length direction of the first base support plate. Multiple pairs of the second base support plates are arranged on both sides of the first base support plate. Base support sliders are arranged below both ends of the base support longitudinal beam along the width direction, and the base support sliders move on the slide rails in the transverse direction of the base frame of the working base.

[0010] Further, the downward pressing device includes a power structure, a downward pressing longitudinal beam, a first downward pressing arc plate, and a second downward pressing arc plate. The downward pressing longitudinal beam is located directly above the base support. Pairs of first downward pressing arc plates and pairs of second downward pressing arc plates are arranged on the lower surface of the downward pressing longitudinal beam along the length direction. The first downward pressing arc plates are located on both sides of the second downward pressing arc plates, and multiple pairs of the first downward pressing arc plates are arranged along the length direction. The paired second downward pressing arc plates cooperate with the first base support plate, and the paired first downward pressing arc plates cooperate with the second base support plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the power structure includes a downward pressing mounting seat, a downward pressing cylinder, a downward pressing slider, a downward pressing optical axis, a downward pressing linear flange bearing, and a downward pressing drive plate. A downward pressing slider is arranged at the bottom of the downward pressing mounting seat, and the downward pressing slider moves on the slide rails of the tooling base. A downward pressing cylinder is arranged inside the downward pressing mounting seat. The telescopic end of the downward pressing cylinder is connected to the downward pressing drive plate. The downward pressing drive plate is located at the top of the downward pressing mounting seat and is connected to both ends of the downward pressing longitudinal beam. A downward pressing linear flange bearing is also arranged on the inner side surface of the downward pressing mounting seat. The downward pressing optical axis is arranged inside the downward pressing linear flange bearing, and the downward pressing optical axis supports and jacks up the downward pressing longitudinal beam upwards.

[0012] Further, the tooling further includes a roller device. The roller device is fixedly connected to the friction stir welding equipment. The roller device is located on the front side of the friction stir welding equipment. During welding, the rollers of the roller device are tightly pressed and fixed in front of the weld in real time.

[0013] Further, the roller device includes a fixed seat, a roller cylinder, a roller bracket, and the roller, which are connected in sequence. The fixed seat protrudes forward to form a circular hole, and the friction stir welding equipment is fixedly connected inside the circular hole; the roller cylinder presses the roller tightly against the first base support plate supported by the base.

[0014] The friction stir welding method using the friction stir welding tooling for aluminum alloy thin plates of satellite cabin panels according to any one of the above, the method includes: The side pressing device operates the side pressing cylinder, pushing the side pressing beam to slide on the slide rail, and laterally pressing the aluminum alloy thin plate of the satellite cabin panel; Then, the pressing-down device supplies air to the pressing-down cylinder, pushing the pressing-down longitudinal beam to slide downward, and finally fitting and pressing it against the base support; when pressing, both sides of the weld are correspondingly pressed and adhered tightly through the second pressing arc plate and the first base support plate, and the first pressing arc plate and the second base support plate; Use the friction stir welding equipment to weld the weld, and the welding parameters are as follows: spindle speed 1500 - 2000 R / min, pressure 800 - 1200 KN, welding speed 500 - 700 mm / min, tilt angle 2 - 5°, and the movement direction of the stirring pin is counterclockwise; After welding, perform heat treatment tempering, with the requirement of holding at 150°C - 200°C for 8 - 16 hours.

[0015] Further, purchase extruded thin plate profiles and first perform machining treatment to prepare for welding; then stagger and place the two aluminum alloy thin plates of the satellite cabin panels on the tooling and laterally press them tightly; During welding, the moving roller presses and fixes in real time in front of the weld, thereby controlling the thermal deformation generated in the welding area.

[0016] The advantages of the present invention are as follows: 1) The satellite cabin panel is an aluminum alloy thin plate with a thickness of 2 mm. The deformation is large during the thin plate assembly welding process. The present invention designs and manufactures a reasonable and applicable friction stir welding tooling for aluminum alloy thin plates of satellite cabin panels for clamping and fixing. Through the tooling, not only the assembly welding size can be controlled, but also the overall deformation can be controlled by a sufficient number of pressing blocks during the welding process.

[0017] 2) In addition to controlling the overall deformation of the cabin panel during the welding process, due to the fast heat dissipation at the weld position, deformation is more likely to occur in the first place, which is extremely likely to affect subsequent welding. The present invention designs a special tooling to thoroughly press and compact the areas on both sides of the friction stir weld through the upper and lower tooling pressing blocks (base support and pressing-down device), and then designs a moving double roller to press and fix in real time in front of the weld, thereby controlling the thermal deformation generated in the welding area.

[0018] 3) The present invention provides an optimal parameter range for friction stir welding of thin plates, improving the welding efficiency and enhancing the weld quality.

[0019] 4) After welding, the present invention is subjected to annealing heat treatment, and the tensile strength of the weld after welding is not lower than that of the base material.

[0020] 5) The original satellite cabin plates mostly adopted integral aluminum plates and castings for machining. It was necessary to integrally excavate various cavities on the aluminum plates and castings and machine the 2-mm-thick side walls, resulting in a large amount of machining work.

[0021] The present invention directly uses extruded thin plate profiles (with cavities already built in) for machining, reducing the amount of machining work; moreover, after using the extruded thin plate profiles, only the base material on the surface of some profiles needs to be machined, which also reduces the amount of machining work.

[0022] Specifically: Profile extrusion is that the profile manufacturer extrudes aluminum ingots into special profile structures through a mold. The cross-section of the extruded thin plate profile is as Figure 6 shown. The wall thickness of the profile is 2 mm, and multiple cavities have been built in; then, the machining only needs to machine the 2-mm-thick profile into a characteristic shape that meets the process requirements (for example, machining the side wall of the rightmost cavity on the basis of Figure 6 to complete the preparation work for welding), and the machining difficulty is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the friction stir welding fixture for the aluminum alloy thin plate of the satellite cabin plate of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the side jacking device; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the base support; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the downward pressing device; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the roller device; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of the extruded profile; Among them, 1 is the fixture base, 2 is the side jacking device, 3 is the base support, 4 is the downward pressing device, 5 is the roller device, 2-1 is the side jacking cylinder, 2-2 is the side jacking joint assembly, 2-3 is the first side jacking connecting rod, 2-4 is the second side jacking connecting rod, 2-5 is the side jacking linear shaft seat, 2-6 is the side jacking adjustment disk, 2-7 is the side jacking base, 2-8 is the side jacking slider, 2-9 is the side jacking beam; 3-1 is the base support slider, 3-2 is the base support longitudinal beam, 3-3 is the first base support plate, 3-4 is the second base support plate; 4-1 is the downward pressing mounting seat, 4-2 is the downward pressing cylinder, 4-3 is the downward pressing slider, 4-4 is the downward pressing optical axis, 4-5 is the downward pressing linear flange bearing, 4-6 is the downward pressing drive plate, 4-7 is the downward pressing longitudinal beam, 4-8 is the first downward pressing arc plate, 4-9 is the second downward pressing arc plate; 5-1 Fixed seat, 5-2 roller cylinder, 5-3 roller bracket, 5-4 roller. Detailed implementation mode

[0024] In order to make the technical means, creative features, achieved purposes and effects of the present invention easy to understand, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification.

[0025] Embodiment 1: As Figure 1 shown, the friction stir welding fixture for aluminum alloy thin plates of the satellite cabin plate in this embodiment includes a fixture base 1 and a side pressing device 2, a base support 3, and a downward pressing device 4 provided on the fixture base 1. The side pressing devices 2 are relatively arranged on both sides of the fixture base 1, and the base support 3 and the downward pressing device 4 are arranged opposite to each other up and down between the two side pressing devices 2.

[0026] Among them, the fixture base 1 serves as the basis for the entire fixture. The fixture base 1 includes a base frame, a transverse rectangular tube, and a slide rail. The base frames are connected to form a stable quadrilateral structure, and transverse rectangular tube supports are arranged between the base frames. Slide rails are arranged in the transverse direction of the base frame and on the transverse rectangular tube.

[0027] Among them, as Figure 2 shown, the side pressing device 2 includes a left side pressing device and a right side pressing device.

[0028] The left side pressing device 2 in this embodiment includes a side pressing cylinder 2-1, a side pressing joint assembly 2-2, a first side pressing connecting rod 2-3, a second side pressing connecting rod 2-4, a side pressing linear shaft seat 2-5, a side pressing adjusting disc 2-6, a side pressing base 2-7, a side pressing slider 2-8, and a side pressing beam 2-9.

[0029] A side pressing slider 2-8 is arranged below the side pressing base 2-7. The side pressing slider 2-8 moves on the slide rail of the fixture base 1. (The side pressing slider 2-8 is installed on the slide rail of the fixture base 1. When the whole is pushed forward, it is restricted to move linearly on the slide rail by the side pressing slider 2-8 to ensure that the whole is linearly pushed forward); Above the side pressing base 2-7, a side pressing cylinder 2-1, a side pressing joint assembly 2-2, a first side pressing connecting rod 2-3, a second side pressing connecting rod 2-4, a side pressing linear shaft seat 2-5, and a side pressing adjusting disc 2-6 are sequentially connected. Both the side pressing linear shaft seat 2-5 and the side pressing adjusting disc 2-6 play a role in force transmission and support when the side pressing beam 2-9 moves linearly as a whole.

[0030] After the side pressing cylinder 2-1 is ventilated by the air pressure station, it is transmitted through the side pressing joint assembly 2-2, the first side pressing connecting rod 2-3, and the second side pressing connecting rod 2-4 to push the side pressing linear shaft seat 2-5 forward, thereby pushing the side pressing beam 2-9 forward, and the whole pushes the product to be laterally pressed tightly.

[0031] The side top beam 2-9 is longitudinally placed on the working base 1, and pulleys are arranged below both ends of the side top beam 2-9. The pulleys can move on the sliding rails in the transverse direction of the base frame of the working base 1 to laterally press and hold the aluminum alloy thin plate of the satellite cabin panel.

[0032] The right side top device 2 can adopt the same structure as the left side top device 2, which will not be elaborated here.

[0033] Alternatively, the right side top device 2 includes a right side top beam 2-9 and a fixing structure. The fixing structure (such as square steel) abuts against the right side top beam 2-9 from the right side and remains stationary. Preferably, in order to adapt to the sizes of different products, right side top sliders 2-8 are arranged at the bottoms of both ends of the right side top beam 2-9, and the right side top sliders 2-8 are installed on the sliding rails of the tooling base 1.

[0034] Such as Figure 1 As shown, the whole workpiece is clamped by the side top devices 2 on the left and right sides. Specifically: the left side top beam 2-9 is driven by the side top cylinder 2-1 to the side top adjusting disc 2-6, and the side top beam 2-9 is pushed to clamp the workpiece to the right; the right side top device 2 does not need to be pushed, only needs to fix the right side top beam 2-9 in place, and the left side pushing can achieve workpiece clamping.

[0035] Among them, the base support 3 is located between the two side top beams 2-9 and is longitudinally placed on the tooling base 1 to provide a supporting force from the bottom to support the aluminum alloy thin plate of the satellite cabin panel.

[0036] Such as Figure 3 As shown, the base support 3 includes base support sliders 3-1, a base support longitudinal beam 3-2, a first base support plate 3-3, and a second base support plate 3-4; Base support sliders 3-1 are arranged below both ends of the base support longitudinal beam 3-2 along the width direction. Chutes are provided below both ends of the base support sliders 3-1, and they can move on the sliding rails in the transverse direction of the base frame of the working base 1. It should be noted here that the side pushing and downward pressing actions are not carried out simultaneously. First, the side pushing and top holding of the product are completed, and then the fixing is completed through the base support and downward pressing actions.

[0037] A first base support plate 3-3 and a second base support plate 3-4 are arranged above the base support longitudinal beam 3-2 along the length direction. The second base support plate 3-4 is located on both sides of the first base support plate 3-3 and is arranged in pairs. In addition, multiple pairs of second base support plates 3-4 are arranged in sequence along the length direction.

[0038] Among them, the downward pressing device 4 is located directly above the base support 3 and cooperates with the base support 3 to press and hold the aluminum alloy thin plate of the satellite cabin panel.

[0039] Such as Figure 4As shown, the pressing device 4 includes a power structure, a longitudinal pressing beam 4-7, a first pressing arc plate 4-8, and a second pressing arc plate 4-9; The longitudinal pressing beam 4-7 is placed longitudinally. Paired first pressing arc plates 4-8 and paired second pressing arc plates 4-9 are arranged along the length direction below the longitudinal pressing beam 4-7. The first pressing arc plates 4-8 are located on both sides of the second pressing arc plates 4-9, and multiple pairs of first pressing arc plates 4-8 are arranged along the length direction. The paired second pressing arc plates 4-9 cooperate with the above-mentioned first base support plate 3-3, and the paired first pressing arc plates 4-8 cooperate with the above-mentioned second base support plate 3-4.

[0040] Power structures are arranged at both ends of the longitudinal pressing beam 4-7 to push the longitudinal pressing beam 4-7 to slide downward. The power structure includes a pressing mounting seat 4-1, a pressing cylinder 4-2, a pressing slider 4-3, a pressing optical axis 4-4, a pressing linear flange bearing 4-5, and a pressing drive plate 4-6. A pressing slider 4-3 is arranged at the bottom of the pressing mounting seat 4-1, and the pressing slider 4-3 can move on the slide rail in the transverse direction of the base frame of the tooling base 1; A pressing cylinder 4-2 is arranged inside the pressing mounting seat 4-1. The telescopic end of the pressing cylinder 4-2 is connected to the pressing drive plate 4-6. The pressing drive plate 4-6 is located at the top of the pressing mounting seat 4-1 and the pressing drive plate 4-6 is connected to both ends of the longitudinal pressing beam 4-7; A pressing linear flange bearing 4-5 is also arranged on the inner side surface of the pressing mounting seat 4-1. A pressing optical axis 4-4 is arranged inside the pressing linear flange bearing 4-5. The pressing optical axis 4-4 protrudes upward inside the pressing linear flange bearing 4-5 to lift the longitudinal pressing beam 4-7. The pressing optical axis 4-4 and the pressing linear flange bearing 4-5 play a role in support and force transmission.

[0041] The pressing cylinder 4-2 is ventilated and pressurized through a pneumatic station. Through the transmission of the pressing drive plate 4-6, the longitudinal pressing beam 4-7, the first pressing arc plate 4-8, and the second pressing arc plate 4-9 are integrally pressed downward. The ultimate goal is to make the above-mentioned second base support plate 3-4 and the first pressing arc plate 4-8 press against each other one by one, so as to thoroughly compact the base material around the weld.

[0042] In addition, a roller device 5 needs to be set up. As Figure 5 shown, the roller device 5 includes a fixed seat 5-1, a roller cylinder 5-2, a roller bracket 5-3, and a roller 5-4 connected in sequence. A circular hole protrudes outward on the fixed seat 5-1.

[0043] During operation, the entire roller device 5 ( Figure 5 as a whole) is fixed to the friction stir welding equipment through the circular hole of the fixed seat 5-1. The friction stir welding equipment is fixedly sleeved inside the fixed seat 5-1. That is, the roller 5-4 is located in front of the friction stir welding equipment during welding.

[0044] When the friction stir welding equipment moves, the roller 5-4 and the first base support plate 3-3 are pressed tightly by the cylinder, and the moving track coincides with the workpiece weld. The purpose is to make the moving track of the stirring head of the friction stir welding equipment coincide with the moving track of the roller 5-4, further restricting the welding deformation (by designing the moving roller 5-4 to press and fix in front of the weld in real time, so as to control the thermal deformation generated in the welding area).

[0045] Example 2: The process of friction stir welding the aluminum alloy thin plate of the satellite cabin plate with the friction stir welding fixture for aluminum alloy thin plates of the satellite cabin plate in Example 1 is as follows: (1) During work, the side jacking cylinder 2-1 works through the gas supply system of the gas station, pushing the side jacking beam 2-9 to slide on the slide rail to laterally press the workpiece; (2) Then, the down-pressing cylinder 4-2 is supplied with gas, pushing the down-pressing longitudinal beam 4-7 to slide downward, and finally fitting and pressing against the base support 3; when pressing, the workpiece weld coincides with the center line in the length direction of the first base support plate 3-3, and both sides of the weld are correspondingly pressed and adhered tightly through the second down-pressing arc plate 4-9 and the first base support plate 3-3, and the first down-pressing arc plate 4-8 and the second base support plate 3-4.

[0046] (3) For the 6005A-T4 profile with a thickness of 2 mm (the material grade of the aluminum alloy thin plate profile of the satellite cabin plate), a stirring head with a pin length of 1.8 mm and a shoulder of 9 mm is used for welding. The specific parameters are as follows: (4) After welding, the product is heat-treated and tempered, and it is required to be kept warm at 150°C - 200°C for 8 - 16 hours.

[0047] A tensile strength test is carried out on the weld. The specimen fractures in the base material area, and the tensile strength ≥ 292 MPa, which is greater than the minimum value of 270 MPa allowed for the base material in the EN755-2 standard.

[0048] The above is only the preferred example implementation mode of the present invention, and does not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A friction stir welding tooling for aluminum alloy thin plates of satellite cabin panels, characterized in that, The tooling includes a tooling base, a side pressing device, a base support, and a downward pressing device arranged on the tooling base. The side pressing devices are arranged oppositely on both sides of the tooling base. Between the two side pressing devices, the base support and the downward pressing device are arranged oppositely up and down. The areas on both sides of the weld are thoroughly compacted through the cooperation of the base support and the downward pressing device. The side pressing device and the downward pressing device are both provided with cylinders.

2. The friction stir welding tooling for aluminum alloy thin plates of a satellite cabin panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tooling base includes a base frame and a slide rail. The base frames are connected to form a stable quadrilateral structure, and the slide rail is arranged in the transverse direction of the base frame.

3. A friction stir welding tooling for aluminum alloy thin plates of satellite cabin panels according to claim 2, characterized in that, The side pressing device includes a left side pressing device and a right side pressing device. The left side pressing device and / or the right side pressing device includes a side pressing beam, a side pressing base, a side pressing cylinder, a side pressing joint assembly, a first side pressing connecting rod, a second side pressing connecting rod, a side pressing linear shaft seat, and a side pressing adjusting disc connected in sequence above the side pressing base. The side pressing adjusting disc faces and contacts the side pressing beam. The side pressing beam is longitudinally placed on the working base, and pulleys are arranged below both ends of the side pressing beam. The pulleys move on the slide rail of the working base to laterally press and hold the aluminum alloy thin plate of the satellite cabin plate. A side pressing slider is arranged below the side pressing base, and the side pressing slider moves on the slide rail of the tooling base.

4. A friction stir welding tooling for aluminum alloy thin plates of satellite cabin panels according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The base support includes a base support longitudinal beam, a first base support plate, and a second base support plate. The base support longitudinal beam is longitudinally placed on the tooling base. The first base support plate and the second base support plate are arranged above the base support longitudinal beam along the length direction. The weld coincides with the center line of the length direction of the first base support plate. Multiple pairs of the second base support plates are arranged on both sides of the first base support plate. Base support sliders are arranged below both ends of the base support longitudinal beam along the width direction, and the base support sliders move on the slide rail in the transverse direction of the base frame of the working base.

5. A friction stir welding tooling for aluminum alloy thin plates of satellite cabin panels according to claim 4, characterized in that, The downward pressing device includes a power structure, a downward pressing longitudinal beam, a first downward pressing arc plate, and a second downward pressing arc plate. The downward pressing longitudinal beam is located directly above the base support. On the lower surface of the downward pressing longitudinal beam, paired first downward pressing arc plates and paired second downward pressing arc plates are arranged along the length direction. The first downward pressing arc plates are located on both sides of the second downward pressing arc plates, and multiple pairs of the first downward pressing arc plates are arranged along the length direction. The paired second downward pressing arc plates cooperate with the first base support plate, and the paired first downward pressing arc plates cooperate with the second base support plate.

6. The friction stir welding tooling for aluminum alloy thin plates of a satellite cabin panel according to claim 5, characterized in that, The power structure includes a downward pressing mounting seat, a downward pressing cylinder, a downward pressing slider, a downward pressing optical axis, a downward pressing linear flange bearing, and a downward pressing driving plate. A downward pressing slider is arranged at the bottom of the downward pressing mounting seat, and the downward pressing slider moves on the slide rail of the tooling base. A downward pressing cylinder is arranged inside the downward pressing mounting seat. The telescopic end of the downward pressing cylinder is connected to the downward pressing driving plate. The downward pressing driving plate is located at the top of the downward pressing mounting seat and is connected to both ends of the downward pressing longitudinal beam. A downward pressing linear flange bearing is also arranged on the inner side surface of the downward pressing mounting seat. The downward pressing optical axis is arranged inside the downward pressing linear flange bearing, and the downward pressing optical axis supports and jacks up the downward pressing longitudinal beam upward.

7. The friction stir welding tooling for aluminum alloy thin plates of a satellite cabin panel according to claim 4, characterized in that, The tooling further includes a roller device. The roller device is fixedly connected to the friction stir welding equipment. The roller device is located on the front side of the friction stir welding equipment. During welding, the rollers of the roller device tightly press and fix in front of the weld in real time.

8. A friction stir welding tooling for aluminum alloy thin plates of a satellite cabin panel according to claim 7, characterized in that, The roller device includes a fixed seat, a roller cylinder, a roller bracket and the roller connected in sequence. The fixed seat protrudes forward to form a circular hole, and the friction stir welding equipment is fixedly connected inside the circular hole; the roller cylinder presses the roller tightly against the first base support plate supported by the base.

9. A friction stir welding method for the aluminum alloy thin plate of the satellite cabin panel by using the friction stir welding tooling according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The method includes: The side jacking device operates the side jacking cylinder to push the side jacking beam to slide on the slide rail, and laterally presses the aluminum alloy thin plate of the satellite cabin panel; Then, the pressing-down device supplies air to the pressing-down cylinder to push the pressing-down longitudinal beam to slide downward, and finally fits and presses against the base support; when pressing, both sides of the weld are correspondingly pressed and adhered tightly through the second pressing-down arc plate and the first base support plate, and the first pressing-down arc plate and the second base support plate; The friction stir welding equipment is used to weld the weld, and the welding parameters are as follows: the spindle speed is 1500 - 2000 R / min, the pressure is 800 - 1200 KN, the welding speed is 500 - 700 mm / min, the inclination angle is 2 - 5°, and the movement direction of the stirring pin is counterclockwise; After welding, heat treatment and tempering are carried out, and it is required to keep warm at 150°C - 200°C for 8 - 16 hours.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, Purchase extruded thin plate profiles and first carry out machining treatment to prepare for welding; then place the two aluminum alloy thin plates of the satellite cabin panel staggered on the tooling and laterally press them tightly; During welding, the moving roller presses and fixes in real time in front of the weld, so as to control the thermal deformation generated in the welding area.

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