Functional fabric capable of synchronously realizing electric heating and infrared stealth as well as preparation method and application of functional fabric

Abstract

The invention discloses a functional fabric capable of synchronously achieving electric heating and infrared stealth and a preparation method and application thereof.The fabric is of a sandwich structure, the outer layer is an infrared stealth layer, cellulose is used for modifying the fabric, the porosity is reduced, the capillary action is improved, a low-emissivity material and the fabric are tightly combined, the surface is smooth, the problem that inorganic materials fall off is solved, and the fabric has the function of infrared stealth. The infrared stealth effect is enhanced; the interlayer is a heat insulation layer, the aerogel is subjected to silanization modification, rigid chain segments are introduced to form a rigid-flexible physical cross-linked network, the hydrogen bond strength and mechanical performance are improved, heat loss of the inner layer is slowed down, collaborative stealth is achieved, and infrared stealth of the thin aerogel under heating is achieved; the inner layer is an electric heating layer, PEDOT: PSS and CF are compounded, and the pi-pi conjugation action of the PEDOT: PSS and the CF changes the arrangement of macromolecular chains, reduces the contact resistance of the CF, improves the conductivity of the PEDOT: PSS and enhances the electric heating performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of the development of infrared stealth functional materials, and relates to a functional fabric capable of synchronously realizing electric heating and infrared stealth, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] In modern military confrontations and special application scenarios, infrared stealth technology plays a crucial role. It is one of the key means to enhance the survival ability, anti-strike ability, and breakthrough ability of military equipment. By changing the infrared radiation characteristics of the target, the target can be "invisible" in the enemy's infrared detection equipment, thereby effectively avoiding enemy reconnaissance and attacks. In the field of wearable materials, textiles with infrared stealth functions have even broader application prospects. Whether it is individual equipment in military operations or the need for personnel in some special industries to conceal their infrared characteristics, high hopes are placed on them.

[0003] However, currently, textiles with only infrared stealth functions encounter significant challenges when dealing with heating conditions. In the research process of pursuing the integration of infrared stealth and heating functions, most current research focuses on constructing a Janus structure to achieve this goal. The design idea of this structure is to construct a heating layer on one side of the textile and an infrared stealth layer on the other side, hoping to play the roles of heating and stealth respectively through this double-layer structure. However, the actual effect is not satisfactory. Due to the heat conduction between the heating layer and the stealth layer and the imperfect structure design, the heat distribution is extremely uneven during the heating process. Some areas have too high a temperature, while some areas have insufficient temperature. This not only affects the heating efficiency but also may cause damage to the material itself due to local overheating. At the same time, heat is easily dissipated from parts such as the edges of the structure, resulting in low energy utilization efficiency. More critically, the textiles designed with this Janus structure can only achieve a certain infrared stealth effect at room temperature. Once under heating conditions, their infrared radiation characteristics will change significantly, and they can no longer maintain the stealth state, which greatly limits their practical application in complex environments.

[0004] Therefore, some researchers have tried to combine the high-efficiency heat insulation characteristics of aerogels with the heating layer. Due to its unique microstructure, aerogel has an extremely low thermal conductivity and can effectively prevent heat transfer, confine the heat generated by the heating layer within a certain range, and thus achieve the functions of infrared stealth and heating to a certain extent. However, this method also brings new problems. In order to balance the heat insulation and heating functions, the two functions have to be integrated into one aerogel system, which leads to a significant increase in the thickness of the aerogel. The overly thick structure not only makes the textile bulky and inconvenient to wear but also seriously affects its mechanical properties, such as flexibility and tensile resistance, bringing great difficulties to the subsequent processing and manufacturing process and making it difficult to meet the requirements of lightness, flexibility, and processability of textiles in actual use.

[0005] Therefore, in order to effectively meet the requirements of infrared stealth performance and electrothermal performance of wearable materials in complex and changeable environments, it is urgent to develop a textile that can achieve infrared stealth function under heating conditions with a relatively thin thickness. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a functional fabric that synchronously realizes electrothermal heating and infrared stealth, and its preparation method and application, so as to solve the technical problems that the fabric that takes into account both stealth and heating functions in the prior art has a relatively thick thickness and poor mechanical properties.

[0007] The present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: A preparation method of a functional fabric that synchronously realizes electrothermal heating and infrared stealth, comprising the following steps: Immerse the fabric in a tannic acid solution, mix the cellulose solution and the polyvinyl alcohol solution, then filter and draw on the fabric wetted by the tannic acid solution, and obtain product A by hot pressing and drying; then filter and draw the infrared emission material on the surface of product A, and after vacuum drying, an infrared stealth outer layer is prepared, and the infrared emissivity of the infrared emission material is less than 50%; Hydrolyze silanol in an acid solution, then add it to bacterial cellulose gel, stir and then subject to directional freeze-drying to obtain a heat-insulating aerogel layer; Add a dopant to the PEDOT:PSS solution, stir and mix evenly, then coat it on carbon fiber, and after drying, fix it on the fabric to obtain an electrothermal heating inner layer; Stack and fix the infrared stealth layer, the heat-insulating aerogel layer and the electrothermal heating layer in sequence to obtain the fabric that can synchronously realize electrothermal heating and infrared stealth.

[0008] Preferably, the concentration of the tannic acid solution is 0.02 - 0.05 g / mL.

[0009] Preferably, the concentration of the polyvinyl alcohol solution is 0.05 - 0.10 g / mL, the concentration of the cellulose solution is 0.05 - 0.1 g / mL, and the volume ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol solution to the cellulose solution is 1:(2 - 6).

[0010] Preferably, the temperature of the hot pressing and drying is 100 - 130 °C, and the time is 10 - 15 min.

[0011] Preferably, the infrared emission material is at least one of silver nanowires, copper nanowires, silver nanoparticles, copper nanosheets, and copper nanoparticles.

[0012] Preferably, the deposition amount of the infrared emission material is 3 - 10 mg / cm 2 .

[0013] Preferably, the concentration of the bacterial cellulose gel is 0.3 wt% - 0.8 wt%, and the volume ratio of the hydrolyzed silanol solution to the bacterial cellulose gel is 1:(4 - 25).

[0014] Preferably, the dopant accounts for 5% - 10% of the mass of PEDOT:PSS.

[0015] A functional fabric capable of simultaneously realizing electric heating and infrared stealth is prepared by the above method; when the fabric is driven by electric heating at 1 - 3 V, the temperature can be adjusted between 55 - 210 °C.

[0016] Application of the above-mentioned functional fabric capable of simultaneously realizing electric heating and infrared stealth in stealth devices.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: The present invention provides a preparation method of a fabric capable of simultaneously realizing electric heating and infrared stealth. By constructing a "sandwich" structure stealth fabric with an aerogel as the interlayer, a low-emissivity material as the infrared stealth outer layer, and CF / PEDOT:PSS as the electric heating inner layer, it solves the problems that traditional Janus electrothermal stealth materials are difficult to achieve infrared stealth function at room temperature, heat is easily dissipated, and integrating functions on the same aerogel results in a relatively thick thickness, which is not conducive to post-processing. Among them, the outer layer is an infrared stealth layer. The fabric is modified by a cellulose layer to reduce the porosity of the fabric and enhance the capillary action of the fabric, so that the low-emissivity material and the fabric are combined more densely and the surface is smoother, also solving the problem of easy shedding of inorganic materials, which is beneficial to enhancing its infrared stealth effect. The interlayer serves as a heat insulation layer. Through silanization modification of the aerogel, rigid chain segments are introduced to form a physical cross-linked network structure composed of rigid and flexible chain entanglements, which can effectively enhance the hydrogen bond strength, contribute to improving the mechanical properties of the aerogel, and play a "linking up and down" role. It can not only slow down the heat dissipation of the inner electric heating layer radiation heat, but also utilize its excellent heat insulation performance to achieve infrared stealth function under heating conditions with a relatively thin aerogel through a synergistic stealth mode. The inner layer is for electric heating. By compounding PEDOT:PSS with CF, the π electrons in CF can undergo π-π conjugation with PEDOT, changing the arrangement of the polymer chains in PEDOT can not only reduce the contact resistance of CF, but also improve the problem of weak conductivity of the conductive polymer PEDOT:PSS. The advantages of the two complement each other to enhance the electrothermal performance of the material. By sequentially compounding the three layers of materials, a fabric capable of simultaneously realizing electric heating and infrared stealth is obtained. The fabric has excellent electrothermal performance (1 - 3 V, 55 - 210 °C); under the condition that the aerogel thickness is ~3 mm, it can maintain long-term stable infrared stealth (~55 °C, 8400 s) effect under heating.

[0018] Further, the concentration of the tannic acid solution is 0.02 - 0.05 g / mL, which can fully modify the fabric.

[0019] Further, the concentration of the polyvinyl alcohol solution is 0.05 - 0.10 g / mL, the concentration of the cellulose solution is 0.05 - 0.1 g / mL, and the volume ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol solution to the cellulose solution is 1:(2 - 6), which can crosslink the hydrogen bonds in the polyvinyl alcohol and cellulose.

[0020] Further, the temperature of the hot pressing and drying is 100 - 130 °C, and the time is 10 - 15 min, which can fully crosslink tannic acid, polyvinyl alcohol, and cellulose, and enhance the binding force between cellulose and the fabric.

[0021] Further, the infrared emission material is at least one of silver nanowires, copper nanowires, silver nanoparticles, copper nanosheets, and copper nanoparticles, which can endow the fabric surface with low emissivity characteristics.

[0022] Further, the deposition amount of the infrared emission material is 3 - 10 mg / cm 2 , which can achieve lower infrared radiation characteristics on the surface and more excellent infrared stealth performance.

[0023] Further, the concentration of the bacterial cellulose gel is 0.3 wt% - 0.8 wt%, which can controllably adjust the pore structure of the aerogel, and the volume ratio of the hydrolyzed silanol solution to the bacterial cellulose gel is 1:(4 - 25), which can endow the aerogel with good mechanical properties.

[0024] Further, the dopant accounts for 5% - 10% of the mass of PEDOT:PSS, which can further improve the conductivity of PEDOT:PSS. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0026] Figure 1 It is the test result of the mechanical properties of the aerogel prepared in Example 2 of the present invention. Among them, (a) is the compression and bending recovery diagram of the modified aerogel, and (b) is the stress - strain curve diagram of the aerogel before and after modification under 30% strain; Figure 2It is the time-temperature curve graph of the fabric that can synchronously achieve electric heating and infrared stealth prepared in Example 5 of the present invention under different voltages; Figure 3 It is the time-temperature curve and thermal imaging graph of the fabric that can synchronously achieve electric heating and infrared stealth prepared in Example 4 of the present invention under a driving voltage of 1 V for 8400 s. Specific implementation manners

[0027] To enable those skilled in the art to understand the features and effects of the present invention, the following is a general description and definition of the terms and phrases mentioned in the specification and claims. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning understood by those skilled in the art for the present invention. In case of conflict, the definition in this specification shall prevail.

[0028] The theories or mechanisms described and disclosed herein, whether correct or incorrect, shall not limit the scope of the present invention in any way, that is, the content of the present invention can be implemented without being limited by any specific theory or mechanism.

[0029] In this article, all features defined in the form of numerical ranges or percentage ranges, such as numerical values, quantities, contents, and concentrations, are only for the sake of brevity and convenience. Accordingly, the description of numerical ranges or percentage ranges should be regarded as having covered and specifically disclosed all possible sub-ranges and individual numerical values within the range (including integers and fractions).

[0030] In this article, unless otherwise specified, "comprising", "including", "containing", "having" or similar terms cover the meanings of "consisting of" and "mainly consisting of". For example, "A comprises a" covers the meanings of "A comprises a and others" and "A only comprises a".

[0031] In this article, for the sake of concise description, not all possible combinations of all technical features in each embodiment or example are described. Therefore, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, the technical features in each embodiment or example can be combined arbitrarily, and all possible combinations should be considered as the scope described in this specification.

[0032] The present invention provides a textile that can synchronously achieve the functions of electric heating and infrared stealth, and has the characteristics of being thin in thickness and excellent in mechanical properties while taking into account stealth and heating. The present invention uses a silanized modified bacterial cellulose (BC) aerogel as the interlayer, a low emissivity material as the infrared stealth outer layer, and carbon fiber (CF) / PEDOT:PSS as the electric heating inner layer, and constructs a fabric that can synchronously achieve electric heating and infrared stealth with a "sandwich" structure through a sewing strategy. The specific technical solutions are as follows: Step (1): Immerse the fabric in a tannic acid solution. After mixing the cellulose solution and the polyvinyl alcohol solution, filter it under suction onto the fabric moistened with the tannic acid solution, and then hot-press and dry to obtain Product A. Then, filter the low-emissivity material onto the surface of Product A and dry it under vacuum to prepare the infrared stealth outer layer.

[0033] Among them, in Step (1), the concentration of the tannic acid solution is 0.02 - 0.05 g / mL, and the impregnation time is 30 - 50 min; The concentration of the polyvinyl alcohol solution is 0.05 - 0.10 g / mL, the concentration of the cellulose solution is 0.05 - 0.1 g / mL, the volume ratio of the PVA solution to the cellulose solution is 1:(2 - 6), the temperature of hot-press drying is 100 - 130 °C, and the time is 10 - 15 min; The infrared emissivity of the low-emissivity material is less than 50%. Preferred infrared emissive materials are one or more of silver nanowires (AgNWs), copper nanowires (CuNWs), silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), copper nanosheets (CuNS), and copper nanoparticles (CuNPs); The concentration of the infrared emissive material is 10 mg / mL, and the deposition amount of the infrared emissive material is 3 - 10 mg / cm 2 ; The temperature of vacuum drying is 60 - 70 °C, and the time is 1 - 2 h.

[0034] Step (2): Hydrolyze the silanol in an acid solution, then add it to the bacterial cellulose (BC) gel, stir for 1 - 2 h, and then subject it to directional freeze-drying for 48 - 72 h to prepare the silane-modified aerogel.

[0035] Among them, in Step (2), the addition amount of the silanol is 200 - 1200 μL, the concentration of the bacterial cellulose gel is 0.3 wt% - 0.8 wt%, and the volume ratio of the hydrolyzed silanol solution to the bacterial cellulose gel is 1:(4 - 25); The silanol is at least one of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS), γ-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)propyltrimethoxysilane (KH560), and methyltriethoxysilane (MTEOS); The acid solution can be formic acid, acetic acid, or citric acid; Step (3): Add a dopant to the PEDOT:PSS solution, stir for 20 - 30 min to improve the conductivity of PEDOT:PSS, scrape it onto the carbon fiber (CF), dry it at 60 - 70 °C for 30 - 50 min, and then sew it onto the fabric to obtain the electrothermal inner layer.

[0036] Among them, in Step (3), PEDOT:PSS (poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate) is a composite conductive material composed of two high molecular polymers, and its core components are: PEDOT (poly 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) and PSS (polystyrene sulfonate).

[0037] The concentration of the PEDOT:PSS solution is 1.1 wt%; 5% - 10% of the mass of the PEDOT:PSS of the dopant; The gram weight of the carbon fiber is 10 - 60 g / cm 2 ; The dopant is one or more of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (DBSA), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP).

[0038] Step (4): Sequentially sew the infrared stealth layer, the heat insulation aerogel layer, and the electric heating layer obtained in Steps 1, 2, and 3 to obtain a fabric that can simultaneously achieve electric heating and infrared stealth.

[0039] The present invention provides a preparation method of a fabric that can synchronously achieve electric heating and infrared stealth. By constructing a "sandwich" - structured stealth fabric with aerogel as the interlayer, a low - emissivity material as the infrared - stealth outer layer, and CF / PEDOT:PSS as the electric - heating inner layer, it solves the problems that traditional Janus electric - heating stealth materials are difficult to achieve infrared - stealth function at room temperature, heat is easily dissipated, and integrating functions on the same aerogel results in a relatively thick thickness, which is not conducive to post - processing. Among them, the outer layer is an infrared - stealth layer. The fabric is modified by a cellulose layer to reduce the porosity of the fabric and enhance the capillary action of the fabric, so that the low - emissivity material and the fabric are combined more densely and the surface is smoother, also solving the problem of easy shedding of inorganic materials, which is beneficial to enhancing its infrared - stealth effect. The interlayer serves as a heat - insulating layer. Through silanization modification of the aerogel, rigid chain segments are introduced to form a physical cross - linked network structure composed of entanglement of rigid and flexible chains, which can effectively enhance the hydrogen - bond strength, contribute to enhancing the mechanical properties of the aerogel, and play a "linking" role. It can not only slow down the heat loss of the inner - layer electric - heating layer by radiation, but also utilize its excellent heat - insulating performance. Through a cooperative stealth mode, it can achieve infrared - stealth function under heating conditions with a relatively thin aerogel. The inner layer is for electric heating. By compounding PEDOT:PSS with CF, the π - electrons in CF can undergo π - π conjugation with PEDOT, changing the arrangement of polymer chains in PEDOT. This can not only reduce the contact resistance of CF, but also improve the problem of weak conductivity of the conductive polymer PEDOT:PSS. The advantages of the two complement each other to enhance the electric - heating performance of the material. The three - layer materials are sequentially compounded to obtain a fabric that can synchronously achieve electric heating and infrared stealth. This fabric has excellent electric - heating performance (1 - 3V, 55–210 °C); under the condition that the thickness of the aerogel is ~3 mm, it can maintain long - term stable infrared stealth (~55 °C, 8400s) effect under heating.

[0040] The following specific examples are further used to illustrate the present invention. It should be understood that these examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and not to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the content taught by the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims of this application.

[0041] Conventional instrument and equipment in the art are used in the following examples. For the experimental methods without specific conditions noted in the following examples, they are usually carried out under conventional conditions or according to the conditions recommended by the manufacturer. Various raw materials are used in the following examples. Unless otherwise stated, commercially available products are used, and their specifications are conventional specifications in the art. In the specification of the present invention and the following examples, unless otherwise specified, "%" represents weight percentage, "parts" represents weight parts, and the ratio represents weight ratio.

[0042] Example 1 A fabric that can synchronously achieve electric heating and infrared stealth is prepared according to the following steps: Step 1: Immerse the fabric in 0.02 g / mL TA for 30 min. Then, filter 5 mL of 0.05 g / mL PVA and 15 mL of 0.1 g / mL cellulose blend onto the fabric wetted with tannic acid, and hot press at 100 °C for 8 min. Furthermore, take 5 mL of 10 mg / mL AgNWs and dry at 60 °C for 2 h to prepare the infrared stealth outer layer. Step 2: Blend 0.3 wt% BC gel solution with 400 μL of KH560 and stir for 1 h. Then, freeze - mold by directional freezing technology and freeze - dry for 48 h to prepare the heat - insulating aerogel interlayer.

[0043] Step 3: Add 5% DBSA to PEDOT:PSS and stir for 20 min. Scrape - coat it on the CF with a mass of 20 g / cm 2 and dry at 60 °C for 2 h. Finally, sew CF / PEDOT:PSS onto the fabric to construct the electric - heating inner layer.

[0044] Step 4: Obtain the fabric that can synchronously achieve electric heating and infrared stealth by sewing the infrared stealth outer layer, heat - insulating aerogel interlayer, and electric - heating inner layer obtained in Steps 1, 2, and 3.

[0045] Example 2 A fabric that can synchronously achieve electric heating and infrared stealth is prepared according to the following steps: Step 1: Immerse the fabric in 0.03 g / mL TA for 40 min. Then, filter 5 mL of 0.05 g / mL PVA and 10 mL of 0.1 g / mL cellulose blend onto the fabric wetted with tannic acid, and hot press at 100 °C for 8 min. Furthermore, filter 8 mL of 10 mg / mL AgNWs onto the modified fabric and dry at 60 °C for 2 h to prepare the infrared stealth outer layer. Step 2: Blend 0.4 wt% BC gel solution with 600 μL of MTMS and stir for 1 h. Then, freeze - mold by directional freezing technology and freeze - dry for 48 h to prepare the heat - insulating aerogel interlayer.

[0046] Step 3: Add 8% DBSA to PEDOT:PSS and stir for 20 min. Scrape - coat it on the CF with a mass of 40 g / cm 2 and dry at 60 °C for 2 h. Finally, sew CF / PEDOT:PSS onto the fabric to construct the electric - heating inner layer.

[0047] Step 4: Obtain a fabric that can simultaneously achieve electric heating and infrared stealth by sewing the infrared stealth outer layer, heat-insulating aerogel interlayer, and electric heating inner layer obtained in Steps 1, 2, and 3.

[0048] Example 3 A fabric that can simultaneously achieve electric heating and infrared stealth is prepared according to the following steps: Step 1: Immerse the fabric in 0.04 g / mL TA for 40 min. Then, blend 6 mL of 0.05 g / mL PVA and 8 mL of 0.1 g / mL cellulose and filter them onto the fabric wetted with tannic acid, and hot press at 100 °C for 8 min. Furthermore, filter 8 mL of 10 mg / mL AgNPs onto the modified fabric and dry at 60 °C for 2 h to prepare the infrared stealth outer layer Step 2: Blend 0.5 wt% BC gel solution with 300 μL of MTEOS and stir for 1.5 h, then freeze-mold by directional freezing technology, and finally freeze-dry for 48 h to prepare the heat-insulating aerogel interlayer.

[0049] Step 3: Add 6% DMSO to PEDOT:PSS and stir for 30 min, scrape and coat it on CF with a weight of 50 g / cm 2 and dry at 60 °C for 2 h. Finally, sew CF / PEDOT:PSS onto the fabric to construct the electric heating inner layer.

[0050] Step 4: Obtain a fabric that can simultaneously achieve electric heating and infrared stealth by sewing the infrared stealth outer layer, heat-insulating aerogel interlayer, and electric heating inner layer obtained in Steps 1, 2, and 3.

[0051] Example 4 A fabric that can simultaneously achieve electric heating and infrared stealth is prepared according to the following steps: Step 1: Immerse the fabric in 0.05 g / mL TA for 40 min. Then, blend 5 mL of 0.06 g / mL PVA and 15 mL of 0.1 g / mL cellulose and filter them onto the fabric wetted with tannic acid, and hot press at 120 °C for 5 min. Furthermore, filter 10 mL of 10 mg / mL AgNWs onto the modified fabric and dry at 60 °C for 2 h to prepare the infrared stealth outer layer Step 2: Blend 0.7 wt% BC gel solution with 600 μL of MTMS and stir for 1.5 h, then freeze-mold by directional freezing technology, and finally freeze-dry for 48 h to prepare the heat-insulating aerogel interlayer.

[0052] Step 3: Add 10% DMSO to PEDOT:PSS and stir for 30 min, then scrape and coat it on CF with a density of 30 g / cm 2 , dry it at 60 °C for 2 h. Finally, sew CF / PEDOT:PSS on the fabric to construct the electrothermal inner layer.

[0053] Step 4: Obtain a fabric that can simultaneously achieve electrothermal heating and infrared stealth by sewing the infrared stealth outer layer, heat insulation aerogel interlayer, and electrothermal inner layer obtained in Steps 1, 2, and 3.

[0054] Example 5 A fabric that can simultaneously achieve electrothermal heating and infrared stealth is prepared according to the following steps: Step 1: Immerse the fabric in 0.03 g / mL TA for 40 min. Then, blend 3 mL of 0.1 g / mL PVA and 10 mL of 0.1 g / mL cellulose and filter them onto the fabric soaked with tannic acid, and hot press at 120 °C for 5 min. Furthermore, filter 8 mL of 10 mg / mL CuNWs onto the modified fabric and dry at 60 °C for 2 h to prepare the infrared stealth outer layer. Step 2: Blend 0.5 wt% BC gel solution with 800 μL of MTMS and stir for 1.5 h, then freeze and mold by directional freezing technology, and then freeze-dry for 48 h to prepare the heat insulation aerogel interlayer.

[0055] Step 3: Add 5% DMSO to PEDOT:PSS and stir for 30 min, then scrape and coat it on CF with a density of 40 g / cm 2 , dry it at 60 °C for 2 h. Finally, sew CF / PEDOT:PSS on the fabric to construct the electrothermal inner layer.

[0056] Step 4: Obtain a fabric that can simultaneously achieve electrothermal heating and infrared stealth by sewing the infrared stealth outer layer, heat insulation aerogel interlayer, and electrothermal inner layer obtained in Steps 1, 2, and 3.

[0057] Example 6 A fabric that can simultaneously achieve electrothermal heating and infrared stealth is prepared according to the following steps: Step 1: Immerse the fabric in 0.02 g / mL TA for 40 min. Then, blend 3 mL of 0.1 g / mL PVA and 15 mL of 0.05 g / mL cellulose and filter them onto the fabric soaked with tannic acid, and hot press at 140 °C for 5 min. Furthermore, filter 8 mL of 10 mg / mL CuNPs onto the modified fabric and dry at 60 °C for 2 h to prepare the infrared stealth outer layer. Step 2: Blend 0.8 wt% of BC gel solution with 700 μL of KH560 and stir for 1.5 h, then freeze-mold by directional freezing technology, and then prepare the thermal insulation aerogel interlayer through 48 h of freeze-drying.

[0058] Step 3: Add 10% of DBSA to PEDOT:PSS and stir for 30 min, scrape and coat it on CF with a weight of 60 g / cm 2 Dry at 70 °C for 1 h. Finally, sew CF / PEDOT:PSS on the fabric to construct the electrothermal inner layer.

[0059] Step 4: Obtain a fabric that can simultaneously achieve electrothermal heating and infrared stealth by sewing the infrared stealth outer layer, thermal insulation aerogel interlayer, and electrothermal inner layer obtained in Steps 1, 2, and 3.

[0060] Example 7 A fabric that can simultaneously achieve electrothermal heating and infrared stealth is prepared according to the following steps: Step 1: Immerse the fabric in 0.02 g / mL TA for 40 min. Then, blend 0.1 g / mL of 3 mL PVA and 0.05 g / mL of 15 mL cellulose and filter them onto the fabric soaked with tannic acid, and hot-press at 140 °C for 5 min. Furthermore, take 10 mg / mL of 10 mL CuNS and filter it onto the modified fabric, and dry at 60 °C for 2 h to prepare the infrared stealth outer layer. Step 2: Blend 0.6 wt% of BC gel solution with 800 μL of MTMS and stir for 1.5 h, then freeze-mold by directional freezing technology, and then prepare the thermal insulation aerogel interlayer through 48 h of freeze-drying.

[0061] Step 3: Add 5% of DMSO to PEDOT:PSS and stir for 30 min, scrape and coat it on CF with a weight of 20 g / cm 2 Dry at 60 °C for 2 h. Finally, sew CF / PEDOT:PSS on the fabric to construct the electrothermal inner layer.

[0062] Step 4: Obtain a fabric that can simultaneously achieve electrothermal heating and infrared stealth by sewing the infrared stealth outer layer, thermal insulation aerogel interlayer, and electrothermal inner layer obtained in Steps 1, 2, and 3.

[0063] Figure 1It is the test result of the mechanical properties of the aerogel prepared in Example 2 of the present invention. Among them, (a) is the compression and bending recovery diagram of the aerogel before modification, and (b) is the stress-strain curve diagram of the aerogel before and after modification under 30% strain. It can be seen from the figure that the aerogel modified by silane has excellent compression and bending recovery properties. This is because the introduction of rigid chain segments inside forms a physical cross-linked network structure entangled by rigid and flexible chains, which can effectively improve the hydrogen bond strength and contribute to the improvement of the mechanical properties of the aerogel. The maximum stress increases from 1.77 kPa to 9.9 kPa.

[0064] Figure 2 It is the time-temperature curve diagram of the fabric that can synchronously achieve electric heating and infrared stealth prepared in Example 5 of the present invention under different voltages. It can be seen from the figure that under the driving voltage of 1-3 V, the temperature of the fabric can be controllably adjusted from 55 °C to 210 °C, indicating that the material has excellent Joule heating effect.

[0065] Figure 3 It is the time-temperature curve and thermal imaging diagram of the fabric that can synchronously achieve electric heating and infrared stealth prepared in Example 4 of the present invention under the driving voltage of 1 V for 8400 s. It can be seen from the figure that a stable infrared stealth effect can be maintained under heating conditions at 8400 s, indicating that the electrothermal infrared stealth material has excellent electrothermal and infrared stealth effects.

[0066] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A preparation method of a functional fabric that synchronously realizes electric heating and infrared stealth, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Immerse the fabric in a tannic acid solution. After mixing the cellulose solution and the polyvinyl alcohol solution, filter it onto the fabric wetted by the tannic acid solution, and hot-press and dry to obtain product A; Then filter the infrared emission material onto the surface of product A, and after vacuum drying, an infrared stealth outer layer is prepared, and the infrared emissivity of the infrared emission material is less than 50%; Hydrolyze silanol in an acid solution, then add it to bacterial cellulose gel, stir and then subject it to directional freeze-drying to obtain a heat-insulating aerogel layer; Add a dopant to the PEDOT:PSS solution, stir and mix evenly, coat it on carbon fiber, dry it, and then fix it on the fabric to obtain an electrothermal inner layer; After stacking and fixing the infrared stealth layer, the heat-insulating aerogel layer and the electrothermal layer in sequence, the fabric capable of simultaneously realizing electrothermal heating and infrared stealth is prepared.

2. The preparation method of a functional fabric that synchronously realizes electric heating and infrared stealth according to claim 1, characterized in that, The concentration of the tannic acid solution is 0.02 - 0.05 g / mL.

3. The preparation method of a functional fabric for synchronously realizing electric heating and infrared stealth according to claim 1, characterized in that, The concentration of the polyvinyl alcohol solution is 0.05 - 0.10 g / mL, the concentration of the cellulose solution is 0.05 - 0.1 g / mL, and the volume ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol solution to the cellulose solution is 1:(2 - 6).

4. The preparation method of a functional fabric for synchronously realizing electric heating and infrared stealth according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature of the hot-press drying is 100 - 130 °C, and the time is 10 - 15 min.

5. The preparation method of a functional fabric that synchronously realizes electrothermal and infrared stealth functions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The infrared emission material is at least one of silver nanowires, copper nanowires, silver nanoparticles, copper nanosheets, and copper nanoparticles.

6. The preparation method of a functional fabric that synchronously realizes electric heating and infrared stealth according to claim 1, characterized in that, The deposition amount of the infrared emission material is 3 to 10 mg / cm 2 .

7. The preparation method of a functional fabric that synchronously realizes the functions of electric heating and infrared stealth according to claim 1, characterized in that, The concentration of the bacterial cellulose gel is 0.3 wt% - 0.8 wt%, and the volume ratio of the hydrolyzed silanol solution to the bacterial cellulose gel is 1:(4 - 25).

8. The preparation method of a functional fabric that synchronously realizes electric heating and infrared stealth according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dopant accounts for 5% - 10% of the mass of PEDOT:PSS.

9. A functional fabric that synchronously realizes electric heating and infrared stealth, characterized in that, It is prepared by the method described in any one of claims 1 - 8; under the electrothermal driving of 1 - 3 V, the temperature of the fabric is adjustable between 55 - 210 °C.

10. Application of the functional fabric capable of simultaneously realizing electrothermal heating and infrared stealth described in claim 9 in a stealth device.

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