Electric vehicle charging and discharging connector and charging and discharging control method and device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electric vehicle charging, in particular to an electric vehicle charging and discharging connector and a charging and discharging control method and device.The method comprises the following steps that speed and braking force data during braking of an electric vehicle are collected, recycled kinetic energy is calculated according to the data, the braking efficiency is recognized, and a kinetic energy recycling index is obtained. The target thermoelectric material captures and converts heat energy generated in the braking process into electric energy, the energy utilization rate is further increased, the charging current and voltage of the battery are monitored and adjusted, energy storage of the battery is optimized, the charging efficiency and safety of the battery are improved, and voltage, current and temperature data of the battery are collected in real time; health risk assessment is carried out, the performance reduction trend can be recognized in time, battery health is guaranteed, and the service life of the battery is prolonged and the overall performance is improved by analyzing battery use data and formulating an optimized charging strategy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electric vehicle charging, and particularly to an electric vehicle charging and discharging connector, a charging and discharging control method and device. Background Art

[0002] The technical field of electric vehicle charging involves methods and equipment for providing energy to electric vehicles, mainly including different types of charging stations, charging piles, and related software and hardware devices. Electric vehicles can be charged through alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC) charging methods, and different charging methods correspond to different charging speeds and equipment requirements. This field also includes power management and battery health monitoring technologies during the charging process to ensure charging efficiency and safety. With the development of technology, it also involves wireless charging technology and intelligent communication technology between the vehicle and the charging pile to achieve a more convenient and efficient charging experience.

[0003] Among them, the electric vehicle charging and discharging connector and the charging and discharging control method refer to the connection and control technologies specifically used in the charging and discharging processes of electric vehicles. This technology enables effective and safe power transmission between electric vehicles and charging infrastructure. The topics include hardware design such as the structural optimization of the connector, and control strategies at the software level, such as intelligently adjusting the charging rate or monitoring the battery status to extend the battery life and improve the charging efficiency. The main use of this technology is to enhance the safety and efficiency of electric vehicle charging, while reducing problems that occur during the charging process, such as battery overheating or uneven charging.

[0004] Existing electric vehicle charging technologies have certain limitations in terms of power conversion and storage efficiency, especially in the recovery and utilization of kinetic and thermal energy. In traditional charging technologies, the energy generated when an electric vehicle brakes is not fully utilized, resulting in energy waste. Existing technologies also show limitations in battery health monitoring and performance evaluation. Problems include uneven battery charging, overheating, etc. These problems lead to a decrease in battery efficiency in the short term and a shortening of the battery life in the long term. The real-time monitoring of the battery state is not accurate enough to effectively predict and prevent performance degradation and health risks, affecting the performance and safety of the entire vehicle. There is a lack of effective strategies to optimize the charging process and extend the battery service life, resulting in a double loss of efficiency and economy in actual operation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the drawbacks existing in the prior art, and to propose an electric vehicle charging and discharging connector, a charging and discharging control method and device.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions. An electric vehicle charging and discharging connector and a charging and discharging control method include the following steps: S1: Collect the speed and braking force data of the electric vehicle during braking, calculate the recovered kinetic energy based on the data, and identify the braking efficiency to obtain the kinetic energy recovery index; S2: Based on the kinetic energy recovery index, adjust the braking pressure and response time of the electric vehicle, use the target thermoelectric material to capture the heat energy generated by braking, and convert it into electrical energy. At the same time, monitor the energy conversion efficiency to obtain the energy conversion efficiency monitoring result; S3: Adopt the energy conversion efficiency monitoring result, set the charging current and voltage of the electric vehicle battery, control the battery charging, monitor and adjust the charging efficiency to achieve the optimal storage of energy, and generate the optimized storage parameters; S4: Through the optimized storage parameters, collect the voltage, current and temperature data of the electric vehicle battery in real time, identify the health risks and performance degradation trends, evaluate the real-time state of the battery, and generate the battery health assessment result; S5: Based on the battery health assessment result, analyze the charge and discharge cycles and temperature data of the electric vehicle, formulate a charging strategy, optimize the battery life and performance, and obtain the optimized charging strategy; S6: Apply the optimized charging strategy to the electric vehicle charging connector, monitor the charging effect on the battery, check the optimized charging strategy and battery maintenance effect through real vehicle tests, verify the safety and efficiency of the process, and generate the efficiency assessment result.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention, the kinetic energy recovery index includes the percentage of recovery efficiency, the total amount of recovered kinetic energy, and the energy recovered per average braking. The energy conversion efficiency monitoring result includes the electrical energy converted from braking heat energy, the conversion efficiency, and the energy conversion rate under different conditions. The optimized storage parameters include the adjusted optimal charging current and voltage, the expected charging cycle, and the battery charging response time adjusted based on the heat energy recovery efficiency. The battery health assessment result includes the prediction of the remaining battery life, the battery capacity attenuation rate, and the fault warning signal. The optimized charging strategy includes the adjusted charging temperature range, the frequency of charge and discharge cycles, and the optimal values of current and voltage during charging. The efficiency assessment result includes the reduction ratio of charging time under the optimized charging strategy, the energy loss rate, and the battery performance maintenance rate after long-term use.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention, the steps of collecting the speed and braking force data of the electric vehicle during braking, calculating the recovered kinetic energy based on the data, and identifying the braking efficiency to obtain the kinetic energy recovery index are specifically as follows: S101: Install a speed sensor on the electric vehicle, synchronously record the time stamp and geographical location data of each braking, and transmit the data regularly for real-time data synchronization to obtain the time synchronization data; S102: Calculate the kinetic energy difference between the initial and final speeds using the time synchronization data, record the braking duration for each time, calculate the kinetic energy change for each braking event, and obtain the kinetic energy change data; S103: Evaluate the energy recovery efficiency in the braking event through the kinetic energy change data, analyze the energy conversion efficiency under various braking modes, identify the optimal braking mode through efficiency calculation, and obtain the kinetic energy recovery index.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention, based on the kinetic energy recovery index, adjust the braking pressure and response time of the electric vehicle, use the target thermoelectric material to capture the heat energy generated by braking, and convert it into electrical energy. At the same time, monitor the energy conversion efficiency, and the steps for obtaining the energy conversion efficiency monitoring result are specifically as follows: S201: According to the kinetic energy recovery index, adjust the braking configuration of the electric vehicle, including optimizing the settings of braking pressure and response time, and verify the effectiveness of the adjustment through simulation tests to obtain the adjusted braking parameters; S202: Use the adjusted braking parameters to capture the heat energy generated during braking with the target thermoelectric material, convert the heat energy into electrical energy through a thermoelectric conversion device, and maximize the energy capture efficiency at the installation position of the thermoelectric material to obtain the heat energy - electrical energy conversion data; S203: Based on the heat energy - electrical energy conversion data, install an energy monitoring sensor to continuously monitor the energy conversion efficiency of the thermoelectric material, use a multiple linear regression algorithm to perform real - time monitoring and analysis of the energy conversion efficiency of the thermoelectric material, and obtain the energy conversion efficiency monitoring result.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention, the formula of the multiple linear regression algorithm is as follows: ; Wherein, is the energy conversion efficiency, represents the energy input value during the braking process, represents the material temperature after energy output, represents the material temperature before energy input, represents the loss coefficient during the energy conversion process, , and are weight coefficients.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention, adopt the energy conversion efficiency monitoring result, set the charging current and voltage of the electric vehicle battery, control the battery charging, monitor and adjust the charging efficiency, and realize the optimal storage of energy. The steps for generating the optimized storage parameters are specifically as follows: S301: Based on the monitoring results of the energy conversion efficiency, set the charging current and voltage parameters of the electric vehicle battery. By controlling the parameters, optimize the charging process to match the electric energy obtained from regenerative braking energy recovery, check the charging efficiency of the battery under different states, and obtain the initial charging control parameters. S302: Adopt the initial charging control parameters. During the actual charging process, continuously monitor the current stability and voltage adaptability, adjust the charging parameters according to the real-time data, maximize the utilization of the recovered electric energy, avoid energy loss, and through repeated tests and parameter adjustments, obtain the adjusted charging control parameters. S303: Through the adjusted charging control parameters, analyze the performance of the electric vehicle charge and discharge control, optimize the battery storage conditions, verify the optimal storage of electric energy, and verify the reliability and effectiveness of the adjustment measures through long-term operation tests to obtain the optimized storage parameters.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention, the steps of collecting the voltage, current, and temperature data of the electric vehicle battery in real time through the optimized storage parameters, identifying health risks and performance degradation trends, evaluating the real-time state of the battery, and generating a battery health assessment result are specifically as follows: S401: Utilize the optimized storage parameters to monitor the voltage, current, and temperature of the electric vehicle battery in real time, verify that the battery operation is carried out under optimal conditions, and obtain the battery real-time monitoring data. S402: Analyze the battery real-time monitoring data, detect the trends of health risks and performance degradation, mark the abnormal behaviors and potential risks of the battery, and identify the changes deviating from the normal range to obtain the battery performance and risk analysis result. S403: Based on the battery performance and risk analysis result, combined with the usage and maintenance records of the battery, conduct an evaluation to determine the overall health state and performance level of the battery and obtain the battery health assessment result.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention, the steps of analyzing the charge and discharge cycles and temperature data of the electric vehicle based on the battery health assessment result, formulating a charging strategy, and optimizing the battery life and performance to obtain the optimized charging strategy are specifically as follows: S501: According to the battery health assessment result, analyze the charge and discharge cycle data and temperature monitoring data of the battery, identify the key factors affecting the battery life and performance, and determine the key reasons for the battery performance degradation through data comparison and analysis to obtain the battery performance degradation factor analysis result. S502: Based on the battery performance degradation factor analysis result, formulate new charging parameters, including charging rate, charging time, and temperature control strategy, adjust the parameters to avoid stress and loss on the battery, and conduct tests to verify the effectiveness and safety of the new strategy to obtain the tested and verified charging parameters. S503: Apply the charging parameters obtained from the above test and verification to the actual electric vehicle battery management. Monitor the battery response during charging, adjust the charging strategy to match different usage conditions and environments, and track the improvement effect of battery performance in the long term to obtain an optimized charging strategy.

[0014] As a further aspect of the present invention, the step of applying the optimized charging strategy to an electric vehicle charging connector, monitoring the charging effect on the battery, checking the optimized charging strategy and the battery maintenance effect through on-vehicle testing, and verifying the safety and efficiency of the verification process to generate an efficiency evaluation result is specifically as follows: S601: Configure the optimized charging strategy into the charging connector of the electric vehicle. Implement the new strategy through charging management, regularly adjust the strategy to match different charging environments and battery states, and conduct on-site charging tests to obtain charging implementation effect data. S602: Use the charging implementation effect data to install the adjusted charging connector in an actual electric vehicle. Conduct on-vehicle testing to monitor the voltage, current, and temperature changes during charging, evaluate the actual effect of the charging strategy and the improvement of battery maintenance, and obtain charging process monitoring data. S603: Analyze the charging process monitoring data, compare the performance changes of the battery before and after charging, evaluate the impact of the optimized charging strategy on battery life and performance, verify the safety and efficiency of the optimized charging strategy, and obtain an efficiency evaluation result.

[0015] An electric vehicle charging and discharging connector and a charging and discharging control device. The electric vehicle charging and discharging connector and the charging and discharging control device are used to execute the above-mentioned electric vehicle charging and discharging connector and charging and discharging control method. The device includes: A braking efficiency evaluation module collects speed and braking force data of the electric vehicle during braking, calculates the recovered kinetic energy, evaluates the braking efficiency, and generates a kinetic energy recovery index. A thermal energy conversion module uses the kinetic energy recovery index to adjust the braking pressure and response time of the electric vehicle, captures the thermal energy generated during braking using target thermoelectric materials and converts it into electrical energy, and monitors the energy conversion efficiency to obtain an energy conversion efficiency monitoring result. A charging control module sets the charging current and voltage of the battery according to the energy conversion efficiency monitoring result, controls the battery charging process, monitors and adjusts the charging efficiency, optimizes the energy storage, and generates optimized storage parameters. A state monitoring module collects the voltage, current, and temperature data of the battery in real time through the optimized storage parameters, identifies health risks and performance degradation trends, and obtains a battery health assessment result. The strategy optimization module analyzes the charge and discharge cycles and temperature data based on the battery health assessment results, optimizes the battery life and performance, monitors the charging effect of the electric vehicle charging connector, verifies the safety and efficiency of the process through in-vehicle tests, and generates an efficiency assessment result.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are as follows: In the present invention, by recovering and converting the kinetic energy and thermal energy generated during the braking process of the electric vehicle, the maximum utilization of energy and a significant improvement in efficiency are achieved. The braking force and speed data are collected and analyzed to calculate the recoverable kinetic energy and identify the braking efficiency, optimize the energy recovery process, and enhance the conversion efficiency of kinetic energy. The target thermoelectric material is used to capture and convert the thermal energy generated during the braking process into electrical energy, further increasing the energy utilization rate. By monitoring and adjusting the charging current and voltage of the battery, the energy storage of the battery is optimized, and the charging efficiency and safety of the battery are improved. The voltage, current, and temperature data of the battery are collected in real time for health risk assessment, which helps to identify the performance degradation trend in a timely manner and ensure the battery health. By analyzing the battery usage data, an optimized charging strategy is formulated to extend the service life of the battery and improve the overall performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the working process of the present invention; Figure 2 is a detailed flowchart of S1 of the present invention; Figure 3 is a detailed flowchart of S2 of the present invention; Figure 4 is a detailed flowchart of S3 of the present invention; Figure 5 is a detailed flowchart of S4 of the present invention; Figure 6 is a detailed flowchart of S5 of the present invention; Figure 7 is a detailed flowchart of S6 of the present invention; Figure 8 is a flowchart of the device of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0018] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0019] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, in the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0020] Please refer to Figure 1 , the present invention provides a technical solution, an electric vehicle charging and discharging connector, and a charging and discharging control method, including the following steps: S1: Collect the speed and braking force data of the electric vehicle during braking, calculate the recovered kinetic energy according to the data, and identify the braking efficiency to obtain the kinetic energy recovery index; S2: Based on the kinetic energy recovery index, adjust the braking pressure and response time of the electric vehicle, use the target thermoelectric material to capture the heat energy generated by braking, and convert it into electrical energy. At the same time, monitor the energy conversion efficiency to obtain the energy conversion efficiency monitoring result; S3: Adopt the energy conversion efficiency monitoring result, set the charging current and voltage of the electric vehicle battery, control the battery charging, monitor the charging efficiency and adjust to achieve the optimal storage of energy, and generate the optimized storage parameters; S4: Through the optimized storage parameters, collect the voltage, current and temperature data of the electric vehicle battery in real time, analyze the data, identify the health risks and performance degradation trends, evaluate the real-time state of the battery, and generate the battery health assessment result; S5: Based on the battery health assessment result, analyze the charge and discharge cycles and temperature data of the electric vehicle battery, formulate a charging strategy, check that the battery works within a safe range, optimize the battery life and performance, and obtain the optimized charging strategy; S6: Apply the optimized charging strategy to the electric vehicle charging connector, monitor the charging effect on the battery, check the optimized charging strategy and battery maintenance effect through real vehicle tests, and verify the safety and efficiency of the entire process to generate the efficiency assessment result.

[0021] The kinetic energy recovery indicators include the percentage of recovery efficiency, the total amount of recovered kinetic energy, and the energy recovered per average braking. The monitoring results of energy conversion efficiency include the electrical energy converted from braking heat energy, the conversion efficiency, and the energy conversion rate under different conditions. The optimized storage parameters include the adjusted optimal charging current and voltage, the expected charging cycle, and the battery charging response time adjusted based on the heat energy recovery efficiency. The battery health assessment results include the prediction of the remaining battery life, the battery capacity attenuation rate, and the fault warning signal. The optimized charging strategy includes the adjusted charging temperature range, the frequency of charge and discharge cycles, and the optimal values of current and voltage during charging. The efficiency assessment results include the reduction ratio of charging time under the optimized charging strategy, the energy loss rate, and the battery performance maintenance rate after long-term use.

[0022] Please refer to Figure 2 , collect the speed and braking force data of the electric vehicle during braking, calculate the recovered kinetic energy based on the data, and identify the braking efficiency. The specific steps to obtain the kinetic energy recovery indicators are as follows: S101: Install a speed sensor on the electric vehicle, synchronously record the timestamp and geographical location data of each braking, and transmit the data regularly for real-time data synchronization. The execution process of obtaining the time-synchronized data is as follows; Install a speed sensor on the electric vehicle. The electric vehicle uses the speed sensor to synchronously record the timestamp and geographical location data of each braking. During the process, the electric vehicle captures the speed change in real time through the speed sensor and analyzes the specific geographical location in combination with the GPS system. This process ensures the accuracy and real-time nature of the data. The data transmission unit is responsible for sending this information to the data processing center in real time, and realizes the rapid upload of data through 4G or 5G network. The data center uses its high-speed data processing ability to preliminarily screen and store the collected information. This synchronous recording technology not only improves the accuracy of data collection but also ensures the real-time update of the data, enabling the driver and vehicle monitoring device to accurately understand the current operating state of the vehicle and obtain the time-synchronized data.

[0023] S102: Use the time-synchronized data to calculate the kinetic energy difference between the initial and final speeds, record the duration of each braking, and calculate the kinetic energy change for each braking event. The execution process of obtaining the kinetic energy change data is as follows; Calculate the kinetic energy change using the time-synchronized data. According to the formula , calculate the kinetic energy difference generated by each braking. In the formula, represents the mass of the vehicle, represents the initial speed, represents the final speed. Explanation of the formula and the derivation process of the formula calculation: Consider a specific braking event, where the mass of the electric vehicle is 1500 kg, the initial speed is 20 m / s, and the final speed is 0 m / s. According to the kinetic energy formula Joules. This result indicates that during the braking process, the vehicle loses 300,000 Joules of kinetic energy, and this part of the energy is converted into other forms of energy through the braking device, such as heat energy or electrical energy recovered by the regenerative braking device. This calculation process provides basic data for the braking efficiency analysis.

[0024] S103: The execution process of obtaining the kinetic energy recovery index is as follows: evaluating the energy recovery efficiency in the braking event through the kinetic energy change data, analyzing the energy conversion efficiency under various braking modes, and identifying the optimal braking mode through efficiency calculation; Evaluating the energy recovery efficiency in the braking event through the kinetic energy change data. In this process, the energy conversion efficiency under various braking modes is analyzed. The evaluation of the braking efficiency is based on the detailed analysis of the kinetic energy change data captured in each braking event. The selection of the braking mode is based on the maximization of energy recovery, and the factors considered include braking intensity, duration, vehicle speed, etc. The data analysis is carried out through statistical software to ensure the accuracy and scientific nature of the analysis. By comparing the energy conversion efficiency under different braking modes, the optimal braking mode is finally determined. This mode can achieve the highest energy recovery efficiency in actual driving. The evaluation results show that the optimal braking mode can significantly improve the overall energy utilization efficiency, reduce energy consumption and enhance the environmental performance of electric vehicles, and obtain the kinetic energy recovery index.

[0025] Please refer to Figure 3 , based on the kinetic energy recovery index, adjust the braking pressure and response time of the electric vehicle, use the target thermoelectric material to capture the heat energy generated by braking, and convert it into electrical energy, while monitoring the energy conversion efficiency. The specific steps to obtain the energy conversion efficiency monitoring result are as follows: S201: According to the kinetic energy recovery index, adjust the braking configuration of the electric vehicle, including optimizing the settings of braking pressure and response time, and verifying the effectiveness of the adjustment through simulation tests. The execution process of obtaining the adjusted braking parameters is as follows; Adjust the braking configuration of an electric vehicle according to the kinetic energy recovery index. This process includes optimizing the settings of braking pressure and response time, which is achieved through multiple simulation tests and adjustments of the braking device. These simulation tests are carried out using various driving situations in the actual vehicle environment. After each adjustment, the tester compares the differences in braking performance before and after through data analysis software to ensure that the adjustment can effectively improve the braking efficiency and response speed. Through this repeated optimization test, a set of braking parameter settings most suitable for this vehicle model is determined. The adjusted braking parameters are verified through actual vehicle tests. This process not only improves the safety performance of the braking device but also optimizes the driving experience. The results of the adjustment show through data comparison that the braking response time is shortened and the braking distance is also correspondingly shortened, improving the safety of the vehicle during emergency braking, and obtaining the adjusted braking parameters.

[0026] S202: Using the adjusted braking parameters, adopt the target thermoelectric material to capture the thermal energy generated during braking, and convert the thermal energy into electrical energy through a thermoelectric conversion device. The installation position of the thermoelectric material maximizes the energy capture efficiency. The execution process for obtaining the thermal energy - electrical energy conversion data is as follows; Adopt the adjusted braking parameters to use the thermoelectric material to capture the thermal energy generated during braking, and according to the formula , calculate the amount of thermal energy converted into electrical energy. In the formula, represents the temperature difference generated by braking, represents the area of the thermoelectric material, represents the thermoelectric conversion efficiency. Formula details and formula calculation derivation process: Set in a braking event, the temperature difference generated by braking is 40°C, the area of the thermoelectric material is 0.5m 2 , and the thermoelectric conversion efficiency is 0.05. According to the thermoelectric conversion formula, the calculated result is . This indicates that in one braking process, 1 kWh of thermal energy can be converted into electrical energy through the thermoelectric material. This numerical result shows the potential efficiency of the braking energy recovery device and can further improve the energy conversion efficiency by optimizing the deployment and material properties of the thermoelectric material.

[0027] S203: Based on the thermal energy - electrical energy conversion data, install an energy monitoring sensor to continuously monitor the energy conversion efficiency of the thermoelectric material, and adopt a multiple linear regression algorithm to perform real - time monitoring and analysis of the energy conversion efficiency of the thermoelectric material. The execution process for obtaining the energy conversion efficiency monitoring result is as follows; The formula of the multiple linear regression algorithm is as follows: ; Among them, is the energy conversion efficiency, Represents the energy input value during the braking process, represents the material temperature after energy output, represents the material temperature before energy input, represents the loss coefficient during the energy conversion process, 、 and are the weight coefficients.

[0028] Detailed explanation of the formula and the derivation process of formula calculation: The formula contains four main parameters: 、 、 and . These parameters represent the energy input power, the material temperature after energy output, the material temperature before energy input, and the energy conversion loss coefficient respectively, 、 、 are the weight coefficients, used to adjust the contribution degree of each item to the energy conversion efficiency.

[0029] (Energy input power) is measured in real time through an electric energy monitoring sensor. Take the input power measured in a certain experiment as 1500 watts as the substitution value.

[0030] and (The material temperatures at the time of energy output and input respectively) are monitored and obtained through temperature sensors. Set in a certain measurement, (Ambient temperature), .

[0031] (Energy conversion loss coefficient), is calculated from experimental data and set to 0.08.

[0032] Weight coefficients , , , these values are determined based on the regression analysis of multiple experimental data, reflecting the influence of different parameters on the efficiency.

[0033] Perform specific calculations using the above parameters: ; The result shows that based on the collected and calculated parameters, the obtained energy conversion efficiency is 750.95656. This value reflects the specific performance of the energy conversion efficiency under the given input power, material temperature change, and energy conversion loss coefficient. This value can be used as a basis for evaluating the performance of thermoelectric materials, helping to analyze the energy conversion performance of materials in practical applications and further optimizing the design and material selection.

[0034] Please refer toFigure 4 , using the monitoring results of the energy conversion efficiency, setting the charging current and voltage of the electric vehicle battery, controlling the battery charging, monitoring the charging efficiency and making adjustments to achieve the optimal storage of energy. The steps to generate the optimized storage parameters are as follows: S301: Based on the monitoring results of the energy conversion efficiency, set the charging current and voltage parameters of the electric vehicle battery. By controlling the parameters, optimize the charging process to match the electric energy obtained from regenerative braking energy recovery, and check the charging efficiency of the battery under different states. The execution process of obtaining the initial charging control parameters is as follows; Based on the monitoring results of the energy conversion efficiency, set the charging current and voltage parameters of the electric vehicle battery. By controlling the parameters, optimize the charging process to match the electric energy obtained from regenerative braking energy recovery. During this process, analyze the electric energy obtained from the regenerative braking energy recovery device, and set the basic charging parameters of the battery according to the output current and voltage characteristics. The charging control device makes initial settings based on these parameters, and then adjusts the charging process to adapt to the electric energy obtained from the regenerative braking energy recovery device. Through the battery monitoring and management system (BMS), monitor the voltage and current of each unit of the battery in real time to ensure the effective utilization of electric energy and the safe charging of the battery. The charging efficiency of the battery under different states has been clearly evaluated through multiple tests and optimizations, and the charging parameters are adjusted accordingly to adapt to different electric energy input conditions, which has a positive impact on the charging efficiency and service life extension of the battery, and obtain the initial charging control parameters.

[0035] S302: Adopt the initial charging control parameters. During the actual charging process, continuously monitor the current stability and voltage adaptability, and adjust the charging parameters according to the real-time data to maximize the utilization of the recovered electric energy and avoid energy loss. The execution process of obtaining the adjusted charging control parameters is as follows; Adopt the initial charging control parameters. During the actual charging process, continuously monitor the current stability and voltage adaptability. The control of the charging process adjusts the charging parameters based on real-time data. Through the charging control device, accurately adjust the charging current and voltage to ensure the maximum utilization of the recovered electric energy and avoid energy loss. This adjustment process monitors the stability of the current and voltage in real time through the battery management device to ensure the maximum utilization of electric energy and the safety of the battery charging process. Repeated tests and parameter adjustments help to determine the optimal charging conditions suitable for electric vehicles, which not only improve the utilization efficiency of electric energy, but also ensure the healthy state of the battery and extend its service life, and obtain the adjusted charging control parameters.

[0036] S303: Analyze the performance of the electric vehicle's charge and discharge control using the adjusted charge control parameters, optimize the battery storage conditions, verify the optimal storage of electrical energy, and verify the reliability and effectiveness of the adjustment measures through long-term operation tests. The execution process for obtaining the optimized storage parameters is as follows; Analyze the performance of the electric vehicle's charge and discharge control using the adjusted charge control parameters, and calculate the actual charge and discharge power of the battery according to the formula . In the formula, represents the current, represents the voltage. Explanation of the formula and the derivation process of the formula calculation: Set the current to be 5 A and the voltage to be 200 V in a charging cycle. According to the electric power formula, it is calculated that watts. This result shows that the adjusted charge parameters can ensure that the battery operates under certain current and voltage conditions, providing a stable power output of 1000 watts, verifying the reliability and effectiveness of the adjustment measures for the battery's performance and long-term operation tests, and the optimized storage parameters are verified through long-term experiments to ensure the optimal storage conditions and charge and discharge efficiency of the battery, improving the overall energy efficiency of the electric vehicle.

[0037] Please refer to Figure 5 . By optimizing the storage parameters, the steps for collecting the voltage, current, and temperature data of the electric vehicle battery in real time, identifying health risks and performance degradation trends, and evaluating the real-time state of the battery to generate the battery health assessment results are as follows: S401: Use the optimized storage parameters to monitor the voltage, current, and temperature of the electric vehicle battery in real time, verify that the battery operation is carried out under optimal conditions, and the execution process for obtaining the real-time battery monitoring data is as follows; Use the optimized storage parameters to monitor the voltage, current, and temperature of the electric vehicle battery in real time, verify that the battery operation is carried out under optimal conditions. During the monitoring process, the battery management device continuously collects the voltage, current, and temperature data of the battery. These data are transmitted to the monitoring center in real time through sensors, and the analysis software is used to immediately process and visually display the data to ensure that the battery operation is carried out under the conditions of maximizing safety and efficiency. The monitoring device can also identify any situations that deviate from the preset parameters in real time, such as too high or too low voltage, abnormal current, or temperature exceeding the safe range, helping the operation and maintenance team make timely adjustments and responses to maintain the normal operation of the battery and extend its service life, and obtain the real-time battery monitoring data.

[0038] S402: Analyze the real-time battery monitoring data, detect the trends of health risks and performance degradation, mark the abnormal behaviors and potential risks of the battery, and identify the changes that deviate from the normal range. The execution process for obtaining the battery performance and risk analysis results is as follows; Analyze the real-time monitoring data of the battery to detect trends in health risks and performance degradation, mark abnormal behaviors and potential risks of the battery. The real-time monitoring data of the battery provides the basis for analysis. By continuously monitoring key parameters such as voltage, current, and temperature, the downward trend of battery performance or health risks can be identified in a timely manner. Abnormal behaviors such as sudden voltage fluctuations, unstable current, or abnormal temperature increases will be automatically marked by the device and an alarm will be generated. These marks help technicians quickly locate problems and perform corresponding maintenance to avoid possible failures or performance losses. Through in-depth analysis of real-time data, the performance decline or potential risks of the battery can be identified, providing a basis for subsequent maintenance and optimization, and obtaining the battery performance and risk analysis results.

[0039] S403: Based on the battery performance and risk analysis results, combined with the usage situation and maintenance records of the battery, conduct an assessment to determine the overall health status and performance level of the battery. The execution process for obtaining the battery health assessment results is as follows; Conduct a battery health assessment based on the battery performance and risk analysis results. According to the formula , calculate the health score of the battery. In the formula, represents the battery capacity, represents the design life, represents the usage frequency. Explanation of the formula and the derivation process of the formula calculation: Set the design capacity of a battery to be 100 Ah, the design life to be 5 years, and the daily usage frequency to be 2 times. According to the battery health score formula, the calculation gives . This result indicates that the health score of the battery is 10. This score reflects the comprehensive health status of the battery under the current usage conditions. The level of the health score determines the future usage efficiency and life of the battery. Through such an assessment, it can be accurately judged whether the battery needs to be replaced or maintained to ensure the continuous performance and safety of the electric vehicle.

[0040] Please refer to Figure 6 , based on the battery health assessment results, analyze the charge and discharge cycles and temperature data of the electric vehicle, formulate a charging strategy to optimize the life and performance of the battery. The specific steps to obtain the optimized charging strategy are as follows: S501: According to the battery health assessment results, analyze the charge and discharge cycle data and temperature monitoring data of the battery, identify the key factors affecting the life and performance of the battery, and determine the key reasons for the performance decline of the battery through data comparison and analysis. The execution process for obtaining the battery performance decline factor analysis results is as follows; Analyze the charge and discharge cycle data and temperature monitoring data of the battery based on the battery health assessment results to identify the key factors affecting battery life and performance. During the analysis process, the technical team used data mining and statistical analysis methods to conduct an in-depth comparative analysis of the charge and discharge data and temperature change data. Through advanced data analysis techniques, several main factors leading to battery performance degradation were identified, including excessive charging rate, frequent deep discharge, and unreasonable temperature control. The combined effect of these factors results in a decrease in battery capacity and an increase in internal resistance. The data analysis results show that specific charging conditions and ambient temperature have a significant impact on the long-term health of the battery. Through analysis, the team determined the key reasons affecting battery performance, providing a scientific basis for subsequent charging parameter adjustment and obtaining the analysis results of battery performance degradation factors.

[0041] S502: Based on the analysis results of battery performance degradation factors, formulate new charging parameters, including charging rate, charging time, and temperature control strategy. Adjust the parameters to avoid stress and loss to the battery, and conduct tests to verify the effectiveness and safety of the new strategy. The execution process of the tested and verified charging parameters is as follows; Formulate new charging parameters based on the analysis results of battery performance degradation factors. According to the formula , calculate the battery heat loss under the new charging strategy. In the formula, represents the charging current, represents the internal resistance of the battery. Detailed explanation of the formula and the derivation process of the formula calculation: Set the charging current under the new strategy to 4A, and the internal resistance of the battery is 0.05Ω. According to the battery heat loss formula, the calculated result is watts. This result indicates that the new charging parameter setting can effectively reduce heat loss and reduce battery performance degradation caused by temperature rise, which helps to extend the battery life and maintain performance. Through actual test verification, the new strategy ensures the effectiveness and safety of the charging process. The new charging parameters optimize the battery working environment by adjusting the charging rate, charging time, and temperature control strategy, reducing stress and loss to the battery.

[0042] S503: Apply the tested and verified charging parameters to the actual electric vehicle battery management, monitor the battery response during charging, adjust the charging strategy to match different usage conditions and environments, and long-term track the improvement effect of battery performance. The execution process of the optimized charging strategy is as follows; Apply the charging parameters verified by testing to the actual electric vehicle battery management, monitor the battery response during charging, adjust the charging strategy to match different usage conditions and environments. During the actual application process, the battery management device strictly controls the current, voltage, and temperature at each charging stage to ensure that the charging parameters match the actual usage status and environmental conditions of the electric vehicle. The adjustment of the strategy is based on long-term data monitoring and analysis. Every data change during the charging process is detailedly recorded and analyzed to optimize the charging efficiency and the health status of the battery. The long-term tracking of the battery performance improvement effect shows that the service life of the battery is significantly improved, while maintaining a high energy efficiency, enhancing the economy and environmental friendliness of the electric vehicle, and obtaining an optimized charging strategy.

[0043] Please refer to Figure 7 , apply the optimized charging strategy to the electric vehicle charging connector, monitor the charging effect on the battery, check the optimized charging strategy and the battery maintenance effect through in-vehicle tests, and verify the safety and efficiency of the verification process. The steps to generate the efficiency evaluation result are specifically as follows: S601: Configure the optimized charging strategy into the charging connector of the electric vehicle, implement the new strategy through charging management, regularly adjust the strategy to match different charging environments and battery states, and conduct on-site charging tests. The execution process to obtain the charging implementation effect data is as follows; Configure the optimized charging strategy into the charging connector of the electric vehicle, and implement the new strategy through charging management. During the process, the technical team regularly adjusts the strategy to match different charging environments and battery states, which includes adjusting the charging rate and time according to the age, usage frequency, and environmental temperature of the battery. The on-site charging tests are carried out at multiple locations and under different conditions to verify the effectiveness and safety of the strategy in various environments. During the test, the voltage, current, and temperature during the charging process are monitored through high-precision measuring devices, and the data is collected and analyzed in real time by the charging management device. The test results show that the optimized charging strategy can effectively adapt to different usage and environmental conditions, while optimizing the charging process of the battery, reducing energy loss, and extending the battery life, and obtaining the charging implementation effect data.

[0044] S602: Utilize the charging implementation effect data, install the adjusted charging connector in the actual electric vehicle, conduct in-vehicle tests to monitor the changes in voltage, current, and temperature during the charging process, and evaluate the actual effect of the charging strategy and the improvement of battery maintenance. The execution process to obtain the charging process monitoring data is as follows; Using the charging implementation effect data, install the adjusted charging connector in an actual electric vehicle, and conduct on-vehicle tests to monitor the voltage, current, and temperature changes during the charging process. During the on-vehicle test, technicians assembled an advanced charging connector containing sensors and collected data under various driving and charging scenarios. These data include the charging rate, battery response time, and temperature control effect during charging. By analyzing the collected data in detail, evaluate the actual effect of the charging strategy and the improvement of battery maintenance. The test shows that the new charging strategy not only improves the charging efficiency, but also optimizes the thermal management of the battery, enhances the overall performance and lifespan of the battery, and obtains the charging process monitoring data.

[0045] S603: Analyze the charging process monitoring data, compare the performance changes of the battery before and after charging, evaluate the impact of the optimized charging strategy on the battery lifespan and performance, and verify the safety and efficiency of the optimized charging strategy. The execution process for obtaining the efficiency evaluation result is as follows; Analyze the charging process monitoring data, compare the performance changes of the battery before and after charging, and according to the formula , calculate the improvement of the battery performance. In the formula, represents the performance of the optimized battery, represents the performance of the battery before optimization, represents the change value of the performance. Explanation of the formula and the derivation process of the formula calculation: Set the performance of the battery before optimization to be 80% capacity retention rate, which has increased to 90% after optimization. Then the change value of the performance is 90% - 80% = 10%. According to the battery performance improvement formula, calculate to get . This result shows that the optimized charging strategy significantly improves the performance of the battery, and the optimization measures effectively increase the capacity retention rate of the battery, verify the safety and efficiency of the optimized charging strategy, and ensure that the battery maintains a high working efficiency while extending its lifespan.

[0046] Please refer to Figure 8 , an electric vehicle charging and discharging connector, a charging and discharging control device. The electric vehicle charging and discharging connector and the charging and discharging control device are used to execute the above-mentioned electric vehicle charging and discharging connector and charging and discharging control method. The device includes: The braking efficiency evaluation module collects the speed and braking force data of the electric vehicle during braking, calculates the recovered kinetic energy, evaluates the braking efficiency, and generates a kinetic energy recovery index; The thermal energy conversion module uses the kinetic energy recovery index to adjust the braking pressure and response time of the electric vehicle, captures the thermal energy generated during braking using the target thermoelectric material and converts it into electrical energy, and monitors the energy conversion efficiency to obtain the energy conversion efficiency monitoring result; The charging control module sets the charging current and voltage of the battery according to the monitoring results of the energy conversion efficiency, controls the battery charging process, monitors and adjusts the charging efficiency, optimizes the energy storage, and generates optimized storage parameters; The status monitoring module collects the voltage, current, and temperature data of the battery in real time through the optimized storage parameters, identifies health risks and performance degradation trends, and obtains the battery health assessment results; The strategy optimization module analyzes the charge and discharge cycles and temperature data according to the battery health assessment results, optimizes the battery life and performance, monitors the charging effect of the electric vehicle charging connector, verifies the safety and efficiency of the process through real vehicle tests, and generates the efficiency assessment results.

[0047] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the present invention in other forms. Any person skilled in the art may use the disclosed technical content to make changes or modifications into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes and apply them to other fields. However, any simple modification, equivalent change, and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the technical solution content of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electric vehicle charging and discharging connector and a charging and discharging control method, characterized in that It includes the following steps: Collect the speed and braking force data when the electric vehicle brakes, calculate the recovered kinetic energy according to the data, and identify the braking efficiency to obtain the kinetic energy recovery index; Based on the kinetic energy recovery index, adjust the braking pressure and response time of the electric vehicle, use the target thermoelectric material to capture the heat energy generated by braking and convert it into electrical energy, and monitor the energy conversion efficiency at the same time to obtain the energy conversion efficiency monitoring result; Adopt the energy conversion efficiency monitoring result, set the charging current and voltage of the electric vehicle battery, control the battery charging, monitor and adjust the charging efficiency to achieve the optimal storage of energy, and generate the optimized storage parameters; Through the optimized storage parameters, collect the voltage, current and temperature data of the electric vehicle battery in real time, identify the health risks and performance degradation trends, evaluate the real-time state of the battery, and generate the battery health assessment result; Based on the battery health assessment result, analyze the charge and discharge cycles and temperature data of the electric vehicle, formulate a charging strategy, optimize the battery life and performance, and obtain the optimized charging strategy; Apply the optimized charging strategy to the electric vehicle charging connector, monitor the charging effect on the battery, check the optimized charging strategy and battery maintenance effect through real vehicle tests, and verify the safety and efficiency of the process to generate the efficiency assessment result.

2. The electric vehicle charging and discharging connector and charging and discharging control method according to claim 1, characterized in that The kinetic energy recovery index includes the recovery efficiency percentage, the total recovered kinetic energy, and the energy recovered per average braking. The energy conversion efficiency monitoring result includes the electrical energy converted from the braking heat energy, the conversion efficiency, and the energy conversion rate under different conditions. The optimized storage parameters include the adjusted optimal charging current and voltage, the expected charging cycle, and the battery charging response time adjusted based on the heat energy recovery efficiency. The battery health assessment result includes the remaining life prediction of the battery, the battery capacity attenuation rate, and the fault warning signal. The optimized charging strategy includes the adjusted charging temperature range, the frequency of charge and discharge cycles, and the optimal values of the current and voltage during charging. The efficiency assessment result includes the reduction ratio of the charging time under the optimized charging strategy, the energy loss rate, and the battery performance maintenance rate after long-term use.

3. The electric vehicle charging and discharging connector and charging and discharging control method according to claim 1, characterized in that The steps of collecting the speed and braking force data when the electric vehicle brakes, calculating the recovered kinetic energy according to the data, and identifying the braking efficiency to obtain the kinetic energy recovery index are specifically as follows: Install a speed sensor on the electric vehicle, synchronously record the timestamp and geographical location data of each braking, and transmit the data regularly for real-time data synchronization to obtain the time synchronization data; Adopt the time synchronization data, calculate the kinetic energy difference between the initial and final speeds, record the duration of each braking, and calculate the kinetic energy change for each braking event to obtain the kinetic energy change data; Through the kinetic energy change data, evaluate the energy recovery efficiency in the braking event, analyze the energy conversion efficiency under various braking modes, and identify the optimal braking mode through efficiency calculation to obtain the kinetic energy recovery index.

4. The electric vehicle charging and discharging connector and charging and discharging control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps of adjusting the braking pressure and response time of the electric vehicle based on the kinetic energy recovery index, using the target thermoelectric material to capture the heat energy generated by braking and convert it into electrical energy, and monitoring the energy conversion efficiency at the same time to obtain the energy conversion efficiency monitoring result are specifically as follows: Adjust the braking configuration of the electric vehicle according to the kinetic energy recovery index, including optimizing the settings of braking pressure and response time, and verifying the effectiveness of the adjustment through simulation tests to obtain the adjusted braking parameters; Utilize the adjusted braking parameters to capture the thermal energy generated during braking using the target thermoelectric material, convert the thermal energy into electrical energy through a thermoelectric conversion device, and maximize the energy capture efficiency by the installation position of the thermoelectric material to obtain the thermal energy - electrical energy conversion data; Based on the thermal energy - electrical energy conversion data, install an energy monitoring sensor to continuously monitor the energy conversion efficiency of the thermoelectric material, and use the multiple linear regression algorithm to perform real - time monitoring and analysis of the energy conversion efficiency of the thermoelectric material to obtain the energy conversion efficiency monitoring results.

5. The electric vehicle charging and discharging connector and charging and discharging control method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The formula of the multiple linear regression algorithm is as follows: ； Among them, is the energy conversion efficiency, represents the energy input value during the braking process, represents the material temperature after energy output, represents the material temperature before energy input, represents the loss coefficient during the energy conversion process, 、 and are the weight coefficients.

6. The electric vehicle charging and discharging connector and charging and discharging control method according to claim 1, characterized in that Adopt the energy conversion efficiency monitoring results to set the charging current and voltage of the electric vehicle battery, control the battery charging, monitor and adjust the charging efficiency to achieve the optimal storage of energy. The specific steps for generating the optimized storage parameters are as follows: Based on the energy conversion efficiency monitoring results, set the charging current and voltage parameters of the electric vehicle battery, control the parameters to optimize the charging process to match the electrical energy obtained from regenerative braking, and check the charging efficiency of the battery under different states to obtain the initial charging control parameters; Adopt the initial charging control parameters, continuously monitor the current stability and voltage adaptability during the actual charging process, adjust the charging parameters according to the real - time data to maximize the utilization of the recovered electrical energy and avoid energy loss. Through repeated tests and parameter adjustments, obtain the adjusted charging control parameters; Through the adjusted charging control parameters, analyze the performance of the electric vehicle charge - discharge control, optimize the battery storage conditions, verify the optimal storage of electrical energy, and verify the reliability and effectiveness of the adjustment measures through long - term operation tests to obtain the optimized storage parameters.

7. The electric vehicle charging and discharging connector and charging and discharging control method according to claim 1, characterized in that Through the optimized storage parameters, the steps for generating the battery health assessment result by collecting the voltage, current, and temperature data of the electric vehicle battery in real - time, identifying health risks and performance degradation trends, and evaluating the real - time state of the battery are as follows: Utilize the optimized storage parameters to monitor the voltage, current, and temperature of the electric vehicle battery in real - time, and verify that the battery operation is carried out under optimal conditions to obtain the battery real - time monitoring data; Analyze the battery real - time monitoring data, detect the trends of health risks and performance degradation, mark the abnormal behaviors and potential risks of the battery, and identify the changes deviating from the normal range to obtain the battery performance and risk analysis results; Based on the battery performance and risk analysis results, combined with the usage and maintenance records of the battery, conduct an assessment to determine the overall health status and performance level of the battery to obtain the battery health assessment result.

8. The electric vehicle charging and discharging connector and charging and discharging control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the battery health assessment result, analyze the charge - discharge cycles and temperature data of the electric vehicle to formulate a charging strategy to optimize the battery life and performance. The specific steps for obtaining the optimized charging strategy are as follows: Based on the battery health assessment result, analyze the charge-discharge cycle data and temperature monitoring data of the battery, identify the key factors affecting the battery life and performance, determine the key reasons for the battery performance degradation through data comparison and analysis, and obtain the analysis result of the battery performance degradation factors; Based on the analysis result of the battery performance degradation factors, formulate new charging parameters, including charging rate, charging time, and temperature control strategy, adjust the parameters to avoid stress and loss on the battery, and conduct tests to verify the effectiveness and safety of the new strategy, and obtain the tested and verified charging parameters; Apply the tested and verified charging parameters to the actual electric vehicle battery management, monitor the battery response during charging, adjust the charging strategy to match the differentiated usage conditions and environment, and track the long-term improvement effect of the battery performance to obtain the optimized charging strategy.

9. The electric vehicle charging and discharging connector and charging and discharging control method according to claim 1, characterized in that Apply the optimized charging strategy to the electric vehicle charging connector, monitor the charging effect on the battery, check the optimized charging strategy and battery maintenance effect through on-vehicle tests, and verify the safety and efficiency of the process. The steps for generating the efficiency evaluation result are specifically as follows: Configure the optimized charging strategy into the electric vehicle charging connector, implement the new strategy through charging management, regularly adjust the strategy to match the differentiated charging environment and battery state, and conduct on-site charging tests to obtain the charging implementation effect data; Utilize the charging implementation effect data, install the adjusted charging connector in the actual electric vehicle, conduct on-vehicle tests to monitor the voltage, current, and temperature changes during the charging process, evaluate the actual effect of the charging strategy and the improvement of battery maintenance, and obtain the charging process monitoring data; Analyze the charging process monitoring data, compare the performance changes of the battery before and after charging, evaluate the impact of the optimized charging strategy on the battery life and performance, and verify the safety and efficiency of the optimized charging strategy to obtain the efficiency evaluation result.

10. An electric vehicle charging and discharging connector and a charging and discharging control device, characterized in that, According to the electric vehicle charge-discharge connector and charge-discharge control method according to any one of claims 1-9, the device includes: The braking efficiency evaluation module collects the speed and braking force data of the electric vehicle during braking, calculates the recovered kinetic energy, evaluates the braking efficiency, and generates a kinetic energy recovery index; The thermal energy conversion module uses the kinetic energy recovery index to adjust the braking pressure and response time of the electric vehicle, captures the thermal energy generated during braking using the target thermoelectric material and converts it into electrical energy, and monitors the energy conversion efficiency to obtain the energy conversion efficiency monitoring result; The charging control module sets the charging current and voltage of the battery according to the energy conversion efficiency monitoring result, controls the battery charging process, monitors and adjusts the charging efficiency, optimizes the energy storage, and generates optimized storage parameters; The state monitoring module collects the voltage, current, and temperature data of the battery in real time through the optimized storage parameters, identifies the health risks and performance degradation trends, and obtains the battery health assessment result; The strategy optimization module analyzes the charge-discharge cycle and temperature data according to the battery health assessment result, optimizes the battery life and performance, monitors the charging effect of the electric vehicle charging connector, and verifies the safety and efficiency of the process through on-vehicle tests to generate the efficiency evaluation result.

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