Intelligent guide control drill bit

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent guide control drill bit which comprises a drill bit body, a plurality of pushing assemblies, a reversing mechanism, a calculation module and a control module, a plurality of drill bit water holes are formed in the drill bit body, at least three guide holes are evenly formed in the side wall of the drill bit body, and a drilling fluid flow channel communicating with the drill bit water holes is formed in the connecting end of the drill bit body. Each pushing assembly comprises a guide block and a reset elastic piece. The reversing mechanism comprises a flow guide disc, a first rotating disc, a second rotating disc, a first rotating driving piece and a second rotating driving piece. The calculation module is used for determining the rotating angles needed by the first rotating disc and the second rotating disc. The steering angle of the drill bit can be adjusted in real time according to different stratum types and drill bit states, and the drill bit can better adapt to complex stratum changes. The mechanical drilling speed is increased, and the underground risk is reduced; the system does not depend on sliding drilling, continuous rotation can be achieved, the structure is relatively compact, and better trafficability and guiding capacity are achieved in slim holes and high-curvature well sections.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of drill bit guiding control, and particularly relates to an intelligent guiding control drill bit. Background Art

[0002] As oil and gas exploration and development gradually advance towards complex environments such as unconventional, low-permeability, ultra-deep, and deepwater areas, drilling engineering faces numerous challenges. Improving safe and efficient drilling and reducing costs have become urgent issues to be solved.

[0003] As a key component of the drilling tool, the structure and performance parameters of traditional drill bits are fixed after design and lack the ability to adapt to different formation changes. When encountering complex formations such as interbedded hard and soft layers, situations such as stuck drill and stick-slip vibration are likely to occur. This not only leads to a decrease in the mechanical drilling rate but also increases downhole risks. To deal with different formations, it is necessary to frequently trip in and out of the hole to replace different types of drill bits, which undoubtedly prolongs the operation time and increases costs. Therefore, improving the adaptability of drill bits in changing formations and reducing the number of trips in and out of the hole have become an urgent need for improving drilling speed and efficiency.

[0004] Intelligent drill bits generally refer to drill bit systems with built-in measurement and control units while drilling. It can obtain and feedback downhole information during drilling to achieve real-time monitoring and adjustment of the drill bit working conditions. Different from traditional drill bits that rely only on indirect control of surface parameters, intelligent guiding control drill bits emphasize the organic combination of sensor integration, data processing, and structural optimization design to achieve autonomous guiding functions. From the perspective of structural composition, intelligent guiding control drill bits usually include modules such as sensor measurement, data processing and storage, power supply, communication, and control. For example, various sensors can be integrated inside the drill bit to measure axial load, torque, acceleration, temperature, pressure, etc., so as to comprehensively sense the force and operating state of the drill bit; the data processing unit uses downhole high-temperature electronic chips to filter and preliminarily analyze the collected data, and transmits key information to the surface through wired or wireless methods; the power module provides reliable power supply for downhole electronic components, such as high-temperature battery packs or downhole power generation devices; the communication and control module is responsible for two-way data transfer between the downhole and the surface and the execution of control instructions. Since these devices need to be reasonably arranged within the limited space of the drill bit, special requirements are put forward for the drill bit structure design.

[0005] Currently, conventional directional drilling mainly relies on the bent sub or rotary steerable system (RSS) in the bottom hole assembly to achieve wellbore trajectory control. However, for ultra-short radius horizontal branch wells with a build radius of only a few meters to dozens of meters, conventional guiding tools have many limitations. Traditional bent screw steering requires sliding drilling, with limited trajectory control accuracy and unable to rotate continuously; conventional RSS tools are long and complex in structure, and have insufficient passability and guiding ability in small hole and high curvature well sections.

[0006] In summary, it is of great practical significance to develop an intelligent guiding control bit that can adapt to complex formation changes and meet the guiding requirements of ultra-short radius horizontal branch wells. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To solve the technical problems in the prior art, the present application provides an intelligent guiding control bit.

[0008] The intelligent guiding control bit provided by the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] An intelligent guiding control bit, comprising:

[0010] A bit body, on which a plurality of bit nozzles are provided, at least three guiding holes are evenly provided on the side wall of the bit body, and a drilling fluid flow channel communicating with the bit nozzles is provided at the connecting end of the bit body;

[0011] A plurality of pushing assemblies, including guiding blocks and reset elastic members, the guiding blocks are hermetically and slidably inserted into the corresponding guiding holes, and the reset elastic members are used to reset the guiding blocks;

[0012] A commutation mechanism, including a diversion disk, a first turntable, a second turntable, a first rotation driving member and a second rotation driving member, the diversion disk is fixed in the drilling fluid flow channel, a plurality of first channels communicating with the corresponding guiding holes are provided on the diversion disk, the first turntable is attached to and coaxially rotatably connected with the diversion disk, a plurality of second through holes are provided on the first turntable, the second turntable is attached to and coaxially rotatably connected with the first turntable, a plurality of third through holes are provided on the second turntable, and the first rotation driving member and the second rotation driving member are respectively used to drive the first turntable and the second turntable to rotate;

[0013] A calculation module, configured to obtain the bit state and formation type, and determine the current required steering angle of the bit according to the bit state, formation type and preset target point position, obtain the pressure of the drilling fluid in the drilling fluid flow channel, and then determine the required rotation angles of the first turntable and the second turntable according to the current required steering angle of the bit and the pressure of the drilling fluid in the drilling fluid flow channel;

[0014] A control module, configured to control the first rotation driving member and the second rotation driving member to respectively adjust the first turntable and the second turntable to the required rotation angles.

[0015] Preferably, a plurality of cutter wings are provided on the bit body, the cutter wings are fixed on the outer surface of the bit body, impact teeth and cutting teeth are provided on the crown of the cutter wings, and a chip removal groove is formed between two adjacent cutter wings.

[0016] Preferably, the pushing assembly further includes a limit block, which is fixed in the guiding hole via a bolt. The limit block is used to limit the guiding block, and two ends of the reset elastic member are respectively connected to the guiding block and the limit block.

[0017] Preferably, the first rotation driving member includes a first fixed box, a first connecting rod, a first driving motor and a first torsion arm. The first fixed box is fixed to the diversion disc via the first connecting rod. The fixed end of the first driving motor is fixed in the first fixed box, and the output end of the first driving motor is fixed to the first turntable via the first torsion arm.

[0018] Preferably, the second rotation driving member includes a second fixed box, a second connecting rod, a second driving motor and a second torsion arm. The second fixed box is fixed to the drill bit body via the second connecting rod. The fixed end of the second driving motor is fixed in the second fixed box, and the output end of the second driving motor is fixed to the second turntable via the second torsion arm.

[0019] Preferably, the commutation mechanism further includes a filter screen, which is fixedly attached to one end face of the second turntable away from the first turntable.

[0020] Preferably, the specific method for determining the current required steering angle of the drill bit according to the drill bit state, formation type and preset target point position includes the following steps:

[0021] According to the current direction vector, target direction vector and formation resistance coefficient, calculate the required steering angle through the following formula:

[0022]

[0023] where, θ target is the required steering angle, is the current direction vector, is the target direction vector, and K resistance is the formation resistance coefficient.

[0024] Preferably, the specific method for obtaining the pressure of the drilling fluid in the drilling fluid flow channel and then determining the required rotation angles of the first turntable and the second turntable according to the current required steering angle of the drill bit and the pressure of the drilling fluid in the drilling fluid flow channel includes the following steps:

[0025] Obtain the pressure of the drilling fluid in the drilling fluid flow channel;

[0026] Determine the mapping relationship between the pressure of the drilling fluid in the drilling fluid flow channel, the rotation angles of the first turntable and the second turntable, and the steering angle of the drill bit;

[0027] Determine the required rotation angles of the first turntable and the second turntable according to the mapping relationship between the rotation angles of the first turntable and the second turntable and the drill bit steering angle, the drilling fluid pressure, and the current required steering angle of the drill bit.

[0028] Preferably, the formula for determining the required rotation angles of the first turntable and the second turntable is:

[0029] θ target =g(θ1, θ2, P fluid )

[0030] where θ target is the required steering angle, θ1 is the rotation angle of the first turntable, θ2 is the rotation angle of the second turntable, P fluid is the drilling fluid pressure in the drilling fluid flow path, and g( ) is the mapping relationship between the drilling fluid pressure in the drilling fluid flow path, the rotation angles of the first turntable and the second turntable, and the drill bit steering angle.

[0031] Preferably, determine the mapping relationship between the drilling fluid pressure in the drilling fluid flow path, the rotation angles of the first turntable and the second turntable, and the drill bit steering angle through experiments in advance.

[0032] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0033] (1) The intelligent steering control drill bit can adjust the steering angle of the drill bit in real time according to different formation types and drill bit states, enabling the drill bit to better adapt to complex formation changes. For example, when encountering complex formations such as interbedded hard and soft layers, the drill bit direction can be adjusted in a timely manner to avoid problems such as sticking, stick-slip vibration, etc., improving the mechanical drilling rate and reducing downhole risks;

[0034] (2) Since the system has an adaptive steering function and can flexibly adjust the drilling direction in different formations, compared with traditional bent screw steering and conventional RSS tools, the system does not rely on sliding drilling, can achieve continuous rotation, and has a relatively compact structure, with better passability and steering ability in small boreholes and high curvature well sections, and can effectively meet the steering requirements of ultra-short radius horizontal branch wells with a build radius of only a few meters to dozens of meters, improving the accuracy of wellbore trajectory control;

[0035] (3) The system realizes intelligent steering control through a calculation module and a control module, can automatically analyze and make decisions based on various data, reduces manual intervention, and improves the automation and intelligence level of drilling operations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an intelligent steering control drill bit provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 2 isFigure 1 Front view of the intelligent guidance control bit;

[0038] Figure 3 is Figure 1 Schematic structural diagram of the intelligent guidance control bit;

[0039] Figure 4 is Figure 3 Partial enlarged view of area A;

[0040] Figure 5 is Figure 3 Exploded view of the commutation mechanism;

[0041] Figure 6 is Figure 3 Partial enlarged view of area B;

[0042] Figure 7 is Figure 6 Schematic perspective view of the push - against assembly;

[0043] Explanation of reference numerals: 1, bit body; 11, bit nozzle; 12, guide hole; 13, drilling fluid flow path; 14, blade; 15, impact tooth; 16, cutting tooth; 17, chip groove; 2, push - against assembly; 21, guide block; 22, reset elastic member; 23, limit block; 24, bolt; 3, commutation mechanism; 31, diversion disc; 311, first channel; 32, first turntable; 321, second through - hole; 33, second turntable; 331, third through - hole; 34, first rotation driving member; 341, first fixed box; 342, first connecting rod; 343, first driving motor; 344, first torsion arm; 35, second rotation driving member; 351, second fixed box; 352, second connecting rod; 353, second driving motor; 354, second torsion arm; 36, filter screen; 4, calculation module; 5, control module; 6, receiving box; 7, power supply. Detailed implementation manners

[0044] The following further elaborates on this application in conjunction with the attached Figures 1 - 7 drawings.

[0045] An embodiment of this application discloses an intelligent guidance control bit. Referring to Figures 1 - 3 , the intelligent guidance control bit includes a bit body 1, a plurality of push - against assemblies 2, a commutation mechanism 3, a calculation module 4, and a control module 5.

[0046] A plurality of bit nozzles 11 are formed on the bit body 1, at least three guide holes 12 are evenly formed on the side wall of the bit body 1, and a drilling fluid flow path 13 communicating with the bit nozzles 11 is formed at the connecting end of the bit body 1.

[0047] Each pushing assembly 2 includes a guiding block 21 and a reset elastic member 22. The guiding block 21 is hermetically and slidably inserted into the corresponding guiding hole 12, and the reset elastic member 22 is used to reset the guiding block 21.

[0048] The commutation mechanism 3 includes a diversion disc 31, a first turntable 32, a second turntable 33, a first rotation driving member 34 and a second rotation driving member 35. The diversion disc 31 is fixed in the drilling fluid flow channel 13. A number of first channels 311 communicating with the corresponding guiding holes 12 are formed on the diversion disc 31. The first turntable 32 is attached to and coaxially rotatably connected to the diversion disc 31. A number of second through holes 321 are formed on the first turntable 32. The second turntable 33 is attached to and coaxially rotatably connected to the first turntable 32. A number of third through holes 331 are formed on the second turntable 33. The first rotation driving member 34 and the second rotation driving member 35 are respectively used to drive the first turntable 32 and the second turntable 33 to rotate.

[0049] The calculation module 4 is used to obtain the bit state and the formation type, and determine the current required steering angle of the bit according to the bit state, the formation type and the preset target point position, and obtain the pressure of the drilling fluid in the drilling fluid flow channel 13, and then determine the required rotation angles of the first turntable 32 and the second turntable 33 according to the current required steering angle of the bit and the pressure of the drilling fluid in the drilling fluid flow channel 13.

[0050] The control module 5 is used to control the first rotation driving member 34 and the second rotation driving member 35 to respectively adjust the first turntable 32 and the second turntable 33 to the required rotation angles.

[0051] In use, the calculation module 4 starts to work, obtains the bit state by using various sensors integrated inside the bit (including sensors for measuring axial load, torque, acceleration, temperature, pressure, etc.), and determines the formation type through the conductivity sensor data. According to the obtained bit state, formation type, and the preset target point position, the calculation module 4 conducts analysis and calculation to determine the required steering angle of the bit at present. The calculation module 4 also obtains the pressure of the drilling fluid in the drilling fluid flow path 13, and this pressure data can be obtained through devices such as pressure sensors. Based on the required steering angle of the bit at present and the pressure of the drilling fluid in the drilling fluid flow path 13, the calculation module 4 further determines the required rotation angles of the first turntable 32 and the second turntable 33. The control module 5 receives the information on the required rotation angles of the first turntable 32 and the second turntable 33 obtained by the calculation module 4. The control module 5 respectively controls the first rotation driving member 34 and the second rotation driving member 35 to make the first rotation driving member 34 drive the first turntable 32 to rotate to the required angle, and the second rotation driving member 35 drive the second turntable 33 to rotate to the required angle. When the first turntable 32 and the second turntable 33 rotate to specific angles, the drilling fluid in the drilling fluid flow path 13 enters the corresponding guiding holes 12 through the first channel 311 on the guiding disk 31, the second through hole 321 on the first turntable 32, and the third through hole 331 on the second turntable 33. The pressure of the drilling fluid pushes the guiding block 21 to overcome the elastic force of the reset elastic member 22, so that the guiding block 21 extends out of the guiding hole 12, generating a lateral thrust on the bit body 1. By different combinations of the extension of the guiding blocks 21, the force direction of the bit is changed, thereby realizing the guiding of the bit and making the bit drill towards the preset target point position. When guiding is not required, the drilling fluid pressure decreases or disappears, and the reset elastic member 22 resets the guiding block 21, retracting it into the guiding hole 12.

[0052] The technical effects of the above technical solution include:

[0053] (1) This intelligent guiding control bit can adjust the steering angle of the bit in real time according to different formation types and bit states, enabling the bit to better adapt to complex formation changes. For example, when encountering complex formations such as interbedded hard and soft layers, the bit direction can be adjusted in a timely manner to avoid problems such as stuck drill and stick-slip vibration, improving the mechanical drilling rate and reducing downhole risks;

[0054] (2) Since the system has an adaptive guiding function and can flexibly adjust the drilling direction in different formations, compared with traditional bent screw guides and conventional RSS tools, this system does not rely on sliding drilling, can achieve continuous rotation, and has a relatively compact structure. It has better passability and guiding ability in small-diameter wellbores and high-curvature well sections, and can effectively meet the guiding requirements of ultra-short radius horizontal branch wells with a build radius of only a few meters to dozens of meters, improving the accuracy of wellbore trajectory control;

[0055] (3) The system realizes intelligent guidance control through the calculation module 4 and the control module 5, which can automatically analyze and make decisions based on various data, reducing manual intervention and improving the automation and intelligence level of the drilling operation.

[0056] In one embodiment, please refer to Figures 1 - 3 , a plurality of cutter wings 14 are provided on the drill bit body 1. The cutter wings 14 are fixed on the outer surface of the drill bit body 1. Impact teeth 15 and cutting teeth 16 are provided on the crown of the cutter wings 14, which are respectively used for impacting and extruding to break rocks and cutting rocks. A chip removal groove 17 for removing chips is formed between two adjacent cutter wings 14. In this embodiment, the impact teeth 15 and cutting teeth 16 provided on the crown of the cutter wings 14 respectively have the functions of impacting and extruding to break rocks and cutting rocks. During the drilling process, the impact teeth 15 use the impact force to cause cracks and breakage in the rocks, creating favorable conditions for the further cutting of the cutting teeth 16. The cutting teeth 16 can then cut the rocks that have been loosened by the impact teeth 15. The two cooperate with each other, being more efficient than a single rock-breaking method.

[0057] In one embodiment, please refer to Figures 1 - 7 , the push - against assembly 2 further includes a limit block 23. The limit block 23 is fixed in the guide hole 12 via a bolt 24. The limit block 23 is used to limit the movement of the guide block 21. Both ends of the reset elastic member 22 are respectively connected to the guide block 21 and the limit block 23. In this embodiment, the limit block 23 is fixed in the guide hole 12, which can effectively limit the movement of the guide block 21. When the drilling fluid pressure pushes the guide block 21 to extend out of the guide hole 12, the limit block 23 can prevent the guide block 21 from extending excessively and detaching from the guide hole 12, ensuring that the guide block 21 always works within a reasonable movement range.

[0058] In one embodiment, please refer to Figures 3 - 5, the first rotation driving member 34 includes a first fixed box 341, a first connecting rod 342, a first driving motor 343 and a first torsion arm 344. The first fixed box 341 is fixed to the diversion disc 31 via the first connecting rod 342. The fixed end of the first driving motor 343 is fixed inside the first fixed box 341, and the output end of the first driving motor 343 is fixed to the first turntable 32 via the first torsion arm 344. In this embodiment, the first rotation driving member 34 uses the first driving motor 343 as a power source, and the output end of the motor is fixedly connected to the first turntable 32 through the first torsion arm 344. The motor has good speed and torque control characteristics and can accurately transmit power to the first turntable 32 to achieve precise control of the rotation angle of the first turntable 32. In the intelligent guiding control drill bit, according to the rotation angle required by the first turntable 32 obtained by the calculation module 4, the first driving motor 343 can accurately drive the first turntable 32 to rotate to the specified position, so as to ensure that the drilling fluid can enter the guiding hole 12 along the predetermined channel, and achieve precise adjustment of the guiding angle of the drill bit.

[0059] In one embodiment, please refer to Figures 3 - 5 , the second rotation driving member 35 includes a second fixed box 351, a second connecting rod 352, a second driving motor 353 and a second torsion arm 354. The second fixed box 351 is fixed to the drill bit body 1 via the second connecting rod 352. The fixed end of the second driving motor 353 is fixed inside the second fixed box 351, and the output end of the second driving motor 353 is fixed to the second turntable 33 via the second torsion arm 354. In this embodiment, the second driving motor 353 is used as a power source and has precise speed and torque control capabilities. Its output end is connected to the second turntable 33 through the second torsion arm 354, and it can accurately drive the second turntable 33 to rotate to the specified position according to the rotation angle required by the second turntable 33 given by the calculation module 4. During the drill bit guiding control process, this enables the drilling fluid to accurately enter the guiding hole 12 along the preset channel, thereby achieving precise adjustment of the drill bit guiding angle, improving the accuracy of wellbore trajectory control, and enabling the drill bit to drill more accurately towards the preset target point.

[0060] In one embodiment, please refer to Figures 3 - 5 , a receiving box 6 is arranged in the drilling fluid flow channel 13, and a power supply 7 is fixed in the receiving box 6. The power supply 7 is used to supply power to the first driving motor 343, the second driving motor 353 and each sensor.

[0061] In one embodiment, please refer to Figures 3 - 5, the reversing mechanism 3 further includes a filter screen 36, and the filter screen 36 is fixedly attached to one end face of the second turntable 33 away from the first turntable 32. In this embodiment, the filter screen 36 is fixedly attached to one end face of the second turntable 33 away from the first turntable 32, and can effectively intercept impurities in the drilling fluid before the drilling fluid enters the subsequent channels of the reversing mechanism 3. The filter screen 36 can block impurities outside and protect the system components from damage.

[0062] In one embodiment, please refer to Figures 3 - 5 , according to the bit state, formation type and preset target point position, the specific method for determining the current required steering angle of the bit includes the following steps:

[0063] Calculate the required steering angle according to the current direction vector, target direction vector and formation resistance coefficient through the following formula:

[0064]

[0065] where, θ target is the required steering angle, is the current direction vector, is the target direction vector, K resistance is the formation resistance coefficient.

[0066] In this embodiment, the specific calculation method steps include:

[0067] (1) Determine the vector parameters

[0068] Obtain the current direction information of the bit through the sensor installed on the bit body 1 and represent it in vector form representation. Determine according to the preset target point position and the current position of the bit body 1, and also represent it in vector form representation, indicating the direction from the current position to the target point.

[0069] (2) Calculate the vector dot product and modulus length

[0070] Calculate and dot product, and the result reflects the degree of consistency of the two vectors in direction. Calculate and modulus lengths respectively, and the modulus length represents the magnitude of the vector. Substitute the dot product and modulus length into the formula to calculate an intermediate value, and the range of this intermediate value is between -1 and 1, and its magnitude reflects the degree of closeness between the current direction and the target direction. Substitute the intermediate value into function to obtain an angle value (unit: radian), and this angle value represents the ideal steering angle without the influence of formation resistance.

[0071] (3) Consider the formation resistance coefficient

[0072] Finally, multiply the obtained angle value by the formation resistance coefficient to obtain the final required steering angle. The formation resistance coefficient can be obtained in real time by a resistivity sensor, the formation type is judged according to the resistivity of the formation, and the formation resistance coefficient is obtained according to the formation type.

[0073] In one embodiment, please refer to Figures 3 - 5 , the specific method for obtaining the pressure of the drilling fluid in the drilling fluid flow path 13 and then determining the required rotation angles of the first turntable 32 and the second turntable 33 according to the currently required steering angle of the drill bit and the pressure of the drilling fluid in the drilling fluid flow path 13 includes the following steps:

[0074] Obtain the pressure of the drilling fluid in the drilling fluid flow path 13;

[0075] Determine the mapping relationship between the pressure of the drilling fluid in the drilling fluid flow path 13, the rotation angles of the first turntable 32 and the second turntable 33, and the steering angle of the drill bit;

[0076] According to the mapping relationship between the rotation angles of the first turntable 32 and the second turntable 33 and the steering angle of the drill bit, the drilling fluid pressure, and the currently required steering angle of the drill bit, determine the required rotation angles of the first turntable 32 and the second turntable 33.

[0077] In this embodiment, by obtaining the pressure of the drilling fluid in the drilling fluid flow path 13 and combining the mapping relationship between the rotation angles of the first turntable 32 and the second turntable 33 and the steering angle of the drill bit, the required rotation angles of the first turntable 32 and the second turntable 33 can be accurately determined. This precise control enables the drill bit to turn accurately according to the calculated currently required steering angle, thereby improving the accuracy of wellbore trajectory control during drilling. For example, in complex formations or when precise drilling to a specific target position is required, it can ensure that the drill bit advances accurately towards the target point, reducing deviations and mistakes caused by inaccurate steering.

[0078] In one embodiment, please refer to Figures 1 - 5 , the formula for determining the required rotation angles of the first turntable 32 and the second turntable 33 is:

[0079] θ target =g(θ1,θ2,P fluid )

[0080] Where, θ target is the required steering angle, θ1 is the rotation angle of the first turntable 32, θ2 is the rotation angle of the second turntable 33, and P fluidP is the pressure of the drilling fluid in the drilling fluid flow path 13, and g() represents the mapping relationship among the pressure of the drilling fluid in the drilling fluid flow path 13, the rotation angles of the first turntable 32 and the second turntable 33, and the steering angle of the drill bit.

[0081] It should be understood that the target steering angle θ of the drill bit target is jointly determined by the rotation angle θ1 of the first turntable, the rotation angle θ2 of the second turntable, and the pressure P of the drilling fluid in the drilling fluid flow path. fluid Among them, gg represents the mapping relationship among the pressure of the drilling fluid in the drilling fluid flow path, the rotation angles of the first turntable and the second turntable, and the steering angle of the drill bit. This mapping relationship is a non-linear relationship, and the complex functional relationship between these three variables and the steering angle of the drill bit can be determined through a large number of experiments or theoretical calculations. In this embodiment, the mapping relationship among the pressure of the drilling fluid in the drilling fluid flow path, the rotation angles of the first turntable and the second turntable, and the steering angle of the drill bit is determined in advance through experiments.

[0082] The technical effects of the technical solution provided by this application include:

[0083] (1) This intelligent steering control drill bit can adjust the steering angle of the drill bit in real time according to different formation types and drill bit states, enabling the drill bit to better adapt to complex formation changes. For example, when encountering complex formations such as interbedded hard and soft layers, the drill bit direction can be adjusted in a timely manner to avoid problems such as sticking and stick-slip vibration, improving the mechanical drilling rate and reducing downhole risks;

[0084] (2) Since the system has an adaptive steering function and can flexibly adjust the drilling direction in different formations, compared with traditional bent screw steering and conventional RSS tools, this system does not rely on sliding drilling, can achieve continuous rotation, and has a relatively compact structure, with better passability and steering ability in small wellbores and high-curvature well sections, and can effectively meet the steering requirements of ultra-short radius horizontal branch wells with build radii ranging from only a few meters to dozens of meters, improving the accuracy of wellbore trajectory control;

[0085] (3) The system realizes intelligent steering control through a calculation module and a control module, can automatically analyze and make decisions based on various data, reduces manual intervention, and improves the automation and intelligence level of drilling operations.

[0086] The specific implementation manners of this application described above do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of this application. Any other corresponding changes and deformations made according to the technical concept of this application should be included in the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An intelligent guidance control drill bit, characterized in that: Comprising: A bit body, on which a plurality of bit nozzles are provided. At least three guiding holes are evenly provided on the side wall of the bit body. A drilling fluid flow passage communicating with the bit nozzles is provided at the connecting end of the bit body; A plurality of pushing assemblies, including guiding blocks and reset elastic members. The guiding blocks are hermetically and slidably inserted into the corresponding guiding holes. The reset elastic members are used to reset the guiding blocks; A commutation mechanism, including a diversion disk, a first turntable, a second turntable, a first rotation driving member and a second rotation driving member. The diversion disk is fixed in the drilling fluid flow passage. A plurality of first channels communicating with the corresponding guiding holes are provided on the diversion disk. The first turntable is attached to and coaxially rotatably connected to the diversion disk. A plurality of second through holes are provided on the first turntable. The second turntable is attached to and coaxially rotatably connected to the first turntable. A plurality of third through holes are provided on the second turntable. The first rotation driving member and the second rotation driving member are respectively used to drive the first turntable and the second turntable to rotate; A calculation module, configured to obtain the bit state and formation type, and determine the current required steering angle of the bit according to the bit state, formation type and preset target point position, and obtain the pressure of the drilling fluid in the drilling fluid flow passage, and then determine the required rotation angles of the first turntable and the second turntable according to the current required steering angle of the bit and the pressure of the drilling fluid in the drilling fluid flow passage; A control module, configured to control the first rotation driving member and the second rotation driving member to respectively adjust the first turntable and the second turntable to the required rotation angles.

2. The intelligent guiding control drill bit according to claim 1, wherein: A plurality of cutter wings are provided on the bit body. The cutter wings are fixed on the outer surface of the bit body. Impact teeth and cutting teeth are provided on the crown of the cutter wings. A chip removal groove is formed between two adjacent cutter wings.

3. The intelligent guidance control drill bit according to claim 1, wherein: The pushing assembly further includes a limiting block. The limiting block is fixed in the guiding hole via a bolt. The limiting block is used to limit the guiding block. Two ends of the reset elastic member are respectively connected to the guiding block and the limiting block.

4. The intelligent guiding control drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first rotation driving member includes a first fixing box, a first connecting rod, a first driving motor and a first torsion arm. The first fixing box is fixed to the diversion disk via the first connecting rod. The fixed end of the first driving motor is fixed in the first fixing box. The output end of the first driving motor is fixed to the first turntable via the first torsion arm.

5. The intelligent guiding control drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second rotation driving member includes a second fixing box, a second connecting rod, a second driving motor and a second torsion arm. The second fixing box is fixed to the bit body via the second connecting rod. The fixed end of the second driving motor is fixed in the second fixing box. The output end of the second driving motor is fixed to the second turntable via the second torsion arm.

6. The intelligent guidance control drill bit according to claim 1, wherein: The commutation mechanism further includes a filter screen. The filter screen is fixedly attached to one end face of the second turntable away from the first turntable.

7. The intelligent guiding control drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific method for determining the current required steering angle of the bit according to the bit state, formation type and preset target point position includes the following steps: Calculating the required steering angle through the following formula according to the current direction vector, target direction vector and formation resistance coefficient: Among them, θ target is the required steering angle, is the current direction vector, is the target direction vector, and K resistance is the formation resistance coefficient.

8. The intelligent guiding control drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: Obtain the pressure of the drilling fluid in the drilling fluid flow path, and then determine the specific method for the required rotation angles of the first turntable and the second turntable according to the current required steering angle of the drill bit and the pressure of the drilling fluid in the drilling fluid flow path, which includes the following steps: Obtain the pressure of the drilling fluid in the drilling fluid flow path; Determine the mapping relationship among the pressure of the drilling fluid in the drilling fluid flow path, the rotation angles of the first turntable and the second turntable, and the steering angle of the drill bit; Determine the required rotation angles of the first turntable and the second turntable according to the mapping relationship between the rotation angles of the first turntable and the second turntable and the steering angle of the drill bit, the drilling fluid pressure, and the current required steering angle of the drill bit.

9. The intelligent guiding control drill bit according to claim 8, characterized in that: The formula for determining the required rotation angles of the first turntable and the second turntable is: θ target = g(θ1, θ2, P fluid ) where θ target is the required steering angle, θ1 is the rotation angle of the first turntable, θ2 is the rotation angle of the second turntable, and P fluid is the drilling fluid pressure in the drilling fluid flow path, and g( ) is the mapping relationship between the drilling fluid pressure in the drilling fluid flow path, the rotation angles of the first and second turntables, and the bit steering angle.

10. The intelligent guidance control drill bit according to claim 9, wherein: Pre-determine the mapping relationship among the pressure of the drilling fluid in the drilling fluid flow path, the rotation angles of the first turntable and the second turntable, and the steering angle of the drill bit through experiments.

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