Tunnel drilling machine capable of preventing collapse

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of drilling machinery, in particular to a collapse-preventing tunnel drilling machine which comprises a rock drill, a supporting plate, a sliding block and the like. The rock drill is connected with a drill rod; the drill rod is connected with a supporting plate; a sliding block is slidably connected to the supporting plate in an embedded mode. The drill bit is blocked through the rotating ring, so that when the drill rod is pulled out, the drill rod is not separated from the rotating ring, the connecting end of the drill rod and the drill bit is supported by the rotating ring and does not fall down to make contact with the ground after being separated from a drilled hole, and the situation that the drill bit is abraded due to collision and the deviation of subsequent drilling is increased is avoided; meanwhile, through supporting of the sliding block and the rotating ring, it is guaranteed that the drill bit is aligned with the drilling point, an auxiliary worker does not need to hold the drill rod for supporting, and the rotating drill rod is prevented from damaging the palm of the auxiliary worker.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of drilling machinery, and particularly to a tunnel drilling machine for preventing collapse. Background Art

[0002] A pneumatic rock drill (pneumatic drill) is a commonly used rock wall drilling device. It is small in size and suitable for small-space operations in tunnels. The pneumatic rock drill is usually equipped with a drill rod 3-5 meters long to connect the drill bit for deep drilling. After the drilling is completed, when the drill rod is pulled out of the drill hole and the drill bit is disengaged from the hole, the support from the hole is lost, and the user cannot accurately judge the disengagement time, making it difficult to support the drill bit in time. One end of the drill rod connected to the drill bit will droop and contact the ground. After multiple operations, the drill bit is worn due to knocking, shortening its service life. In addition, after being impacted, the connection part between the long drill rod and the drill bit may also become loose, thereby affecting the movement of the drill bit and increasing the deviation of the drilling.

[0003] At the start of drilling, another worker is needed to assist in aligning the drill bit with the drilling position. During the rotation of the drill rod, another worker is required to hold the drill rod to ensure smooth hole opening. However, when a worker holds the rotating drill rod, it is easy to cause harm to the palm. Even if the worker wears gloves, since the drill rod repeatedly enters and exits the drill hole, the surface of the drill rod is easily worn and uneven by the inner wall of the drill hole. When the uneven drill rod rotates, it is also easy to cut the gloves and hurt the worker's palm. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings that when the drill rod is pulled out of the drill hole, one end of the drill rod with the drill bit will droop and contact the ground, the drill bit is worn due to knocking, affecting the movement of the drill bit during subsequent use and increasing the deviation of the drilling, the present invention provides a tunnel drilling machine for preventing collapse.

[0005] Technical Solution: A tunnel drilling machine for preventing collapse includes a rock drill; the rock drill is rotatably connected to a first air leg; the rock drill is connected to a drill rod; the drill rod is connected to a drill bit; it further includes a support plate, a slider, a rotating ring, and a limiting plate; the drill rod is connected to the support plate; vertical grooves and a plurality of horizontal grooves are formed on the support plate; the vertical groove communicates with all the horizontal grooves; a second air leg is rotatably connected to the support plate; the support plate is embedded with the slider in a sliding manner; the slider can slide in the vertical groove and the horizontal grooves; two limiting blocks are fixedly connected to the slider; a limiting pin is slidably connected to the slider; a rotating ring is rotatably connected to the slider; the inner hole diameter of the rotating ring is smaller than the diameter of the drill bit; a plurality of limiting plates are fixedly connected to one side of the support plate close to the rock drill; each limiting plate corresponds to a horizontal groove; the limiting plate is located above the corresponding horizontal groove; a plurality of limiting holes adapted to the limiting pin are formed on each limiting plate.

[0006] More preferably, it further includes a support pad; the side of the support plate facing away from the rock drill is the rock wall contact surface; several support pads are connected to the rock wall contact surface of the support plate; the support pads are made of rubber.

[0007] More preferably, it further includes a first linear driving member; several first linear driving members are connected to the support plate; the driving end of each first linear driving member passes through the support plate and is fixedly connected to a support pad.

[0008] More preferably, the side of the support pad facing away from the rock drill is wavy.

[0009] More preferably, the end of the limit pin inserted into the limit hole is conical.

[0010] More preferably, it further includes a first support base and a second support base; a first support base is installed at the bottom of the first air leg; a second support base is installed at the bottom of the second air leg.

[0011] More preferably, the limit pin is L-shaped.

[0012] More preferably, it further includes a clamping assembly, and the clamping assembly includes: a second linear driving member and a clamping block; several second linear driving members are fixedly connected to the side of the support plate facing the rock drill; several clamping blocks are connected to the side of the support plate facing the rock drill; each clamping block corresponds to a transverse groove; the output ends of the second linear driving members are respectively fixedly connected to a clamping block; the clamping block is located below the corresponding transverse groove.

[0013] More preferably, it further includes a rubber ring; a rubber ring is fixedly connected to the inner ring of the rotating ring.

[0014] More preferably, the bottom surface of the limit plate is set to be rough.

[0015] The beneficial effects are as follows: The present invention realizes blocking the drill bit through the rotating ring, so that when the drill rod is pulled out, the drill rod does not disengage from the rotating ring, the connection end of the drill rod and the drill bit is supported by the rotating ring, and it does not droop and contact the ground after leaving the drill hole, avoiding the wear of the drill bit due to bumping and increasing the deviation of subsequent drilling;

[0016] By sliding the slider and the rotating ring in the vertical groove and the transverse groove, the position of the drill bit is changed, and the next drilling position is quickly aligned. At the same time, through the support of the slider and the rotating ring, the drill bit is ensured to be aligned with the drill hole point, and there is no need for an auxiliary worker to hold the drill rod for support, avoiding the rotating drill rod from damaging the palm of the auxiliary worker;

[0017] Each first linear driving member can be individually telescoped, so that each support pad can be tightly attached to the rock wall surface with large unevenness, ensuring the stability of the support plate during the drilling process;

[0018] Clamp the anchor rod and drill pipe stuck in the drill hole through the limiting plate and clamping block, and then use a linear driving member to push the support plate away from the rock wall by reaction force, so as to facilitate pulling out the anchor rod, drill pipe and drill bit from the drill hole. Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the tunnel drilling machine for preventing collapse of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the support plate and its connecting parts of the present invention from the first perspective;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the support plate and its connecting parts of the present invention from the second perspective;

[0022] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 The enlarged view of part A in;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the combination of the drill pipe, drill bit, slider and rotating ring of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 It is the front view of the clamping block in the initial state of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 It is the front view of the clamping block in the upward movement state of the present invention.

[0026] Among them, the above-mentioned drawings include the following reference numerals: 1-rock drill, 11-first air leg, 12-drill pipe, 13-drill bit, 14-first support seat, 2-support plate, 21-vertical groove, 22-horizontal groove, 23-second air leg, 24-second support seat, 3-slider, 31-limit block, 32-limit pin, 4-rotating ring, 41-rubber ring, 5-limiting plate, 51-limiting hole, 6-support pad, 7-first linear driving member, 8-second linear driving member, 9-clamping block. Detailed Embodiment

[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings.

[0028] Embodiment 1

[0029] As Figures 1-5 shown, a tunnel drilling machine for preventing collapse includes a rock drill 1; the rock drill 1 is rotatably connected with a first air leg 11; the rock drill 1 is connected with a drill pipe 12; the drill pipe 12 is connected with a drill bit 13;

[0030] It further includes a support plate 2, a slider 3, a rotating ring 4 and a limiting plate 5; the drill rod 12 is connected to the support plate 2; vertical grooves 21 and four horizontal grooves 22 are formed in the support plate 2; the vertical groove 21 communicates with all the horizontal grooves 22; a second air leg 23 is rotatably connected to the support plate 2; the support plate 2 is embedded and slidably connected with the slider 3; the slider 3 can slide in the vertical groove 21 and the horizontal grooves 22; two limiting blocks 31 are fixedly connected to the slider 3 in an up-and-down arrangement; a limiting pin 32 is slidably connected to the slider 3; a rotating ring 4 is rotatably connected to the slider 3; the inner hole diameter of the rotating ring 4 is smaller than the diameter of the drill bit 13; four limiting plates 5 are fixedly connected to one side of the support plate 2 close to the rock drill 1; each limiting plate 5 corresponds to a horizontal groove 22; the limiting plate 5 is located above the corresponding horizontal groove 22; a number of limiting holes 51 adapted to the limiting pin 32 are formed in each limiting plate 5.

[0031] It further includes a support pad 6; the side of the support plate 2 facing away from the rock drill 1 is a rock wall contact surface; four support pads 6 are connected to the rock wall contact surface of the support plate 2; the support pads 6 are made of rubber and are used to adapt to the roughness of the rock wall surface to ensure the fitting effect between the support plate 2 and the rock wall surface.

[0032] It further includes a first linear driving member 7; four first linear driving members 7 are connected to the support plate 2; the first linear driving member 7 is a pneumatic telescopic rod; the driving end of each first linear driving member 7 passes through the support plate 2 and is fixedly connected to a support pad 6.

[0033] The side of the support pad 6 facing away from the rock drill 1 is wavy to increase the friction with the rock wall and maintain the stability of the support plate 2 during the drilling process.

[0034] One end of the limiting pin 32 inserted into the limiting hole 51 is tapered to facilitate insertion into the limiting hole 51.

[0035] It further includes a first support seat 14 and a second support seat 24; a first support seat 14 is installed at the bottom of the first air leg 11; a second support seat 24 is installed at the bottom of the second air leg 23; both the first support seat 14 and the second support seat 24 are used to increase the stability of the bottom of the first air leg 11 and the second air leg 23 in contact with the ground.

[0036] The limiting pin 32 is L-shaped, and the user holds the horizontal side of the L-shaped limiting pin 32 to facilitate moving the limiting pin 32 to insert into the limiting hole 51 to lock and limit the slider 3.

[0037] The first air leg 11, the second air leg 23 and the first linear driving member 7 are externally connected to an air pump through different pipelines to work independently.

[0038] The usage steps of the tunnel drilling machine for preventing collapse of the present invention are as follows:

[0039] During assembly: the connection end of the drill rod 12 and the rock drill 1 passes through the rotating ring 4 and is then connected to the rock drill 1, so that the support plate 2 and its parts are connected to the drill rod 12.

[0040] When the present invention is used: A driller and an assistant cooperate to perform the drilling operation. The assistant moves the support plate 2 to make it abut against the rock wall to be drilled. The support pad 6 contacts the rock wall surface, adapts to the roughness of the rock wall surface, ensures uniform force on each part of the support plate 2, and can be stably supported on the rock wall. Then, the slider 3 is moved to drive the drill rod 12 and the drill bit 13 to slide along the trajectories of the vertical groove 21 and the horizontal groove 22 (the trajectories of the vertical groove 21 and the horizontal groove 22 cover the corresponding drilling points), align the drill bit 13 with the drilling point. Then, the limit pin 32 is moved upward to insert into the adjacent limit hole 51. The limit pin 32 after upward movement is supported by the lower limit block 31 and is changed to be supported by the upper limit block 31, thereby locking the slider 3 to prevent the vibration during the operation of the rock drill 1 from causing the slider 3, the drill rod 12, and the drill bit 13 to deviate and affect the drilling accuracy. Then, the angle between the second air leg 23 and the support plate 2 is adjusted. The bottom of the second air leg 23 contacts the ground. The air pump is controlled to supply air to the second air leg 23, and the length of the second air leg 23 is adjusted. The second air leg 23 is inclined to press and fix the support plate 2 on the rock wall. Then, the driller makes the bottom of the first air leg 11 contact the ground to support the rock drill 1. The air pump is controlled to supply air to the first air leg 11, and the length of the first air leg 11 is adjusted to make the drill bit 13 close to the drilling point on the rock wall. Then, the rock drill 1 is started to drill. During the drilling process, the driller holds the rock drill 1 and at the same time controls the first air leg 11 to extend, continuously pushing the rock drill 1 towards the rock wall. The drill rod 12 drives the rotating ring 4 to rotate on the slider 3, and the drill rod 12 slides relative to the rotating ring 4. The drill rod 12 and the drill bit 13 penetrate into the rock wall for drilling.

[0041] After the drilling is completed, the driller stops the operation of the rock drill 1 and pulls the rock drill 1 to pull the drill rod 12 and the drill bit 13 out of the hole. At this time, the support plate 2 is in a fixed state, and the drill rod 12 will slide relative to the rotating ring 4 until the drill bit 13 is pulled out of the hole. Since the inner diameter of the inner hole of the rotating ring 4 is smaller than the diameter of the drill bit 13, the drill bit 13 will be blocked by the rotating ring 4, making it impossible for the driller to continue pulling the rock drill 1, indicating that the drill rod 12 and the drill bit 13 have been completely pulled out of the hole. At the same time, the connection end of the drill rod 12 and the drill bit 13 is supported by the rotating ring 4 and does not droop and contact the ground after being separated from the drilling hole, avoiding the wear of the drill bit 13 due to collision and increasing the deviation of subsequent drilling.

[0042] When drilling at the next position, if the next position is close to the previous drilled hole, first move the limit pin 32 downward to unlock the slider 3, and then let the assistant move the drill rod 12 to drive the slider 3 and the rotating ring 4 to slide in the vertical groove 21 and the horizontal groove 22, thereby changing the position of the drill bit 13 to align it with the next drilling position. If the next position is far from the previous drilled hole and exceeds the coverage range of the vertical groove 21 and the horizontal groove 22, and positioning cannot be achieved only by moving the slider 3 and the rotating ring 4, then the assistant moves the support plate 2 to drive the drill bit 13 to align with the next position; after the next position is aligned, lock the slider 3 again, and the assistant releases the drill rod 12. The drill rod 12 is supported by the slider 3 and the rotating ring 4 to ensure alignment of the drilling point, eliminating the need for the assistant to hold the drill rod 12 for support and avoiding injury to the assistant's palm by the rotating drill rod 12. Then the operator restarts the rock drill 1 and continues the drilling work.

[0043] The surface of some drilled rock walls has large differences in concavity and convexity, resulting in some support pads 6 being unable to contact the rock wall surface, and the corresponding part of the support plate 2 will be in a suspended state. During the drilling process, the vibration of the rock drill 1 easily causes the support plate 2 to deflect, which in turn drives the drill rod 12 to deflect, affecting the drilling accuracy. Therefore, the air pump can be controlled to drive the first linear driving member 7 to extend, pushing the support pad 6 against the rock wall. The extension length of each first linear driving member 7 can be individually controlled, enabling all support pads 6 to fit against the rock wall surface and ensuring uniform support for the support plate 2.

[0044] According to the above steps, we can see that the present invention has the following effects:

[0045] By blocking the drill bit 13 with the rotating ring 4, when the drill rod 12 is pulled out, the drill rod 12 does not disengage from the rotating ring 4, and the connecting end of the drill rod 12 and the drill bit 13 is supported by the rotating ring 4, preventing it from drooping and contacting the ground after leaving the drill hole, avoiding wear of the drill bit 13 due to knocking and increasing the deviation of subsequent drilling.

[0046] By sliding the slider 3 and the rotating ring 4 in the vertical groove 21 and the horizontal groove 22, the position of the drill bit 13 is changed to quickly align with the next drilling position. At the same time, through the support of the slider 3 and the rotating ring 4, the drill bit 13 is ensured to align with the drilling point, eliminating the need for the assistant to hold the drill rod 12 for support and avoiding injury to the assistant's palm by the rotating drill rod 12.

[0047] Each first linear driving member 7 can be individually extended and retracted, enabling each support pad 6 to tightly fit against the rock wall surface with large concavity and convexity differences, ensuring the stability of the support plate 2 during the drilling process.

[0048] The additional technical effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0049] As Figure 3 shown, the side of the support pad 6 facing away from the rock drill 1 is wavy, increasing the friction with the rock wall and maintaining the stability of the support plate 2 during the drilling process.

[0050] As Figure 4 shown, the insertion end of the limit pin 32 is conical, which is convenient for inserting into the limit hole 51.

[0051] As Figure 1 shown, support bases one 14 and support bases two 24 are respectively installed at the bottoms of the air legs one 11 and the air legs two 23, so that the bottoms of the air legs one 11 and the air legs two 23 are in firm contact with the ground.

[0052] Embodiment 2

[0053] On the basis of Embodiment 1, as Figures 1-4 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 shown, it further includes a clamping assembly. The clamping assembly includes: a linear drive member two 8 and a clamping block 9; several (eight) linear drive members two 8 are fixedly connected to the side of the support plate 2 facing the rock drill 1; the linear drive member two 8 is a pneumatic telescopic rod; four clamping blocks 9 are connected to the side of the support plate 2 facing the rock drill 1; each clamping block 9 corresponds to a transverse groove 22; the output ends of every two linear drive members two 8 are fixedly connected to a clamping block 9; the clamping block 9 is located below the corresponding transverse groove 22.

[0054] It further includes a rubber ring 41; a rubber ring 41 is fixedly connected to the inner ring of the rotating ring 4.

[0055] The bottom surface of the limit plate 5 is roughened; it is used to increase the friction when jointly clamping the anchor rod or drill rod 12 with the clamping block 9.

[0056] When using the present invention for drilling work, the following problems will also be encountered:

[0057] When the distance between adjacent drill holes is close, it is necessary to insert anchor rods into the formed drill holes for support to enhance the stability of the surrounding rock formations and ensure the construction safety and project quality. When inserting the anchor rods into the drill holes, it is necessary to use hammering to make them penetrate into the drill holes. When all the drilling work is completed, it is necessary to pull out the support anchor rods. At this time, the hammered anchor rods are tightly stuck in the drill holes and are not easy to pull out.

[0058] First, one end of the anchor rod located outside the drill hole is inserted into the transverse groove 22. When the anchor rod needs to be pulled out, the auxiliary worker controls the air pump to drive the second linear driving member 8 to extend. The second linear driving member 8 pushes the clamping block 9 upward until the upper surface of the clamping block 9 contacts the anchor rod and squeezes the anchor rod toward the limiting plate 5 until the anchor rod is clamped by the clamping block 9 and the limiting plate 5 (the distance between the limiting plate 5 and the anchor rod is short, and the squeezed anchor rod does not undergo serious deformation). Then, control the first linear driving member 7 to extend. The first linear driving member 7 will push the supporting pad 6 to squeeze the rock wall surface, and the reaction force generated with the rock wall will push the support plate 2 to move away from the rock wall. At the same time, control the second air leg 23 to contract synchronously. Furthermore, the support plate 2 pulls the clamped anchor rod through the limiting plate 5 and the clamping block 9, pulling the anchor rod out of the drill hole, which is convenient for pulling out the anchor rod tightly stuck in the drill hole. When the first linear driving member 7 extends to the limit and the anchor rod is still stuck in the drill hole, the second linear driving member 8 can be controlled to contract, and the limiting plate 5 and the clamping block 9 release the clamping of the anchor rod. Then, control the first linear driving member 7 to contract, so that the support plate 2 approaches the rock wall again, and the limiting plate 5 and the clamping block 9 will move relative to the anchor rod. Then, re-control the limiting plate 5 and the clamping block 9 to clamp the anchor rod, and then use the reaction of the first linear driving member 7 to push the support plate 2 away from the rock wall, pulling out the anchor rod by a certain length again. Repeat the operation like this until the anchor rod is pulled out of the drill hole.

[0059] In addition, during the drilling process, due to the uncertain internal conditions of the drilled rock formation, the situation of drill sticking is likely to occur. At this time, it will be difficult to pull out the drill pipe 12 and the drill bit 13 from the drill hole. The drill pipe 12 can be clamped by the limiting plate 5 and the clamping block 9 in the above steps. At this time, the compressed drill pipe 12 will squeeze the rubber ring 41 to deform it, without causing the drill pipe 12 to bend and deform. Then, control the first linear driving member 7 to react and push the support plate 2 away from the rock wall, pulling out the drill pipe 12 and the drill bit 13 from the drill hole.

[0060] According to the above steps, we can know that the present invention also has the following effects:

[0061] By clamping the anchor rod and the drill pipe 12 stuck in the drill hole with the limiting plate 5 and the clamping block 9, and then using the reaction of the first linear driving member 7 to push the support plate 2 away from the rock wall, it is convenient to pull out the anchor rod, the drill pipe 12 and the drill bit 13 from the drill hole.

[0062] The additional technical effects of this embodiment are as follows:

[0063] As Figure 4 shown, the bottom surface of the limiting plate 5 is roughened to increase the friction force when jointly clamping the anchor rod or the drill pipe 12 with the clamping block 9.

[0064] Although the present invention has been described with reference to the exemplary embodiments, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments. The scope of the following claims should be given the broadest interpretation so as to cover all modifications and equivalent structures and functions.

Claims

1. A tunnel drilling machine for preventing collapse, comprising a rock drill (1); the rock drill (1) is rotatably connected to a first air leg (11); the rock drill (1) is connected to a drill rod (12); the drill rod (12) is connected to a drill bit (13); characterized in that, It further includes a support plate (2), a slider (3), a rotating ring (4) and a limiting plate (5); the drill rod (12) is connected to the support plate (2); vertical grooves (21) and a plurality of horizontal grooves (22) are formed in the support plate (2); the vertical grooves (21) communicate with all the horizontal grooves (22); a second air leg (23) is rotatably connected to the support plate (2); the slider (3) is slidably and embeddedly connected to the support plate (2); the slider (3) can slide in the vertical grooves (21) and the horizontal grooves (22); two limiting blocks (31) are fixedly connected to the slider (3); a limiting pin (32) is slidably connected to the slider (3); the rotating ring (4) is rotatably connected to the slider (3); the inner hole diameter of the rotating ring (4) is smaller than the diameter of the drill bit (13); a plurality of limiting plates (5) are fixedly connected to the side of the support plate (2) close to the rock drill (1); each limiting plate (5) corresponds to a horizontal groove (22); the limiting plate (5) is located above the corresponding horizontal groove (22); a plurality of limiting holes (51) adapted to the limiting pins (32) are formed in each limiting plate (5).

2. A tunnel drilling machine for preventing collapse according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes a support pad (6); the side of the support plate (2) facing away from the rock drill (1) is the rock wall contact surface; a plurality of support pads (6) are connected to the rock wall contact surface of the support plate (2); the support pads (6) are made of rubber material.

3. The tunnel drilling machine for preventing collapse according to claim 2, characterized in that, It further includes a first linear driving member (7); a plurality of first linear driving members (7) are connected to the support plate (2); the driving end of each first linear driving member (7) passes through the support plate (2) and is fixedly connected to a support pad (6).

4. A tunnel drilling machine for preventing collapse according to claim 2, characterized in that, The side of the support pad (6) facing away from the rock drill (1) is wavy.

5. A tunnel drilling machine for preventing collapse according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The end of the limiting pin (32) inserted into the limiting hole (51) is conical.

6. The tunnel drilling machine for preventing collapse according to claim 5, characterized in that, It further includes a first support base (14) and a second support base (24); the first support base (14) is installed at the bottom of the first air leg (11); The second support base (24) is installed at the bottom of the second air leg (23).

7. A tunnel drilling machine for preventing collapse according to claim 5, characterized in that, The limiting pin (32) is L-shaped.

8. A tunnel drilling machine for preventing collapse according to claim 7, characterized in that, It further includes a clamping assembly, and the clamping assembly includes: a second linear driving member (8) and a clamping block (9); a plurality of second linear driving members (8) are fixedly connected to the side of the support plate (2) facing the rock drill (1); a plurality of clamping blocks (9) are connected to the side of the support plate (2) facing the rock drill (1); each clamping block (9) corresponds to a horizontal groove (22); the output ends of the second linear driving members (8) are respectively fixedly connected to a clamping block (9); The clamping block (9) is located below the corresponding horizontal groove (22).

9. A tunnel drilling machine for preventing collapse according to claim 8, characterized in that, It further includes a rubber ring (41); the rubber ring (41) is fixedly connected to the inner ring of the rotating ring (4).

10. A tunnel drilling machine for preventing collapse according to claim 8, characterized in that, The bottom surface of the limiting plate (5) is set to be rough.

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