Ultrahigh-straightness high-precision guide rail of grating length measuring machine

Abstract

The ultrahigh-straightness high-precision guide rail comprises a marble base, a linear guide rail structure, a tailstock, a measuring head seat, a side rod and a display screen, the guide rail is erected on the marble base, the tailstock is fixed to one end of the marble base, and the measuring head seat is installed on the guide rail in a sliding mode and used in cooperation with the tailstock. The two sets of side rods are installed on the tailstock and the measuring head base respectively, the display screen is erected on one side of the marble base, a workbench is further erected on the guide rail, the linear guide rail structure comprises a guide rail body, a grating measuring assembly, a straightness monitoring mechanism and a scale grating surface cleaner, one side of the guide rail body is connected with the grating measuring assembly, and the other side of the guide rail body is connected with the measuring head base. The grating measuring assembly comprises a grating reading head installed on the measuring head seat and a scale grating body used in cooperation with the grating reading head. According to the high-precision guide rail structure designed by the invention, real-time monitoring of the guide rail and high-precision maintenance processing of the grating assembly can be realized, and the guiding effect of the guide rail on the measuring head seat is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of length measuring machines, and specifically to an ultra-high straightness and high-precision guide rail for a grating length measuring machine. Background Art

[0002] A length measuring machine is an optical length measuring tool that uses the scale of a line scale or the wavelength of light waves as a known length and conducts contact measurement using a mechanical probe. The length measuring machine has an adjustable workbench that can move in three coordinates and rotate in two coordinates, and is also equipped with different probes and accessories. It is commonly used for calibrating large-sized gauge blocks and measuring the internal and external dimensions of various workpieces. In order to achieve precise measurement of the workpiece to be measured, the length measuring machine is usually equipped with a grating scale, which is a measurement feedback device that works based on the optical principle of a grating. Grating scales are often used in the closed-loop servo system of numerical control machine tools and can be used for detecting linear displacement or angular displacement. The signal output by its measurement is a digital pulse, which has the characteristics of a large detection range, high detection accuracy, and fast response speed. For example, in a numerical control machine tool, it is commonly used to detect the coordinates of the tool and the workpiece to observe and track the feed error, so as to compensate for the motion error of the tool. Grating scales are divided into transmission gratings and reflection gratings according to different manufacturing methods and optical principles.

[0003] However, the existing grating length measuring machines have the following problems during the measurement of workpieces: The straightness and accuracy of the guide rail used to guide the measuring head seat directly affect the measurement accuracy. During the process of guiding the measuring head along the guide rail, the vibration generated during the operation of the length measuring machine body may cause the accuracy of the guide rail for the measuring head to decrease, and there is a lack of corresponding monitoring means. In addition, the grating scale used in conjunction with the guide rail is used to achieve distance measurement. When there is dirt on the surface of the scale grating of the grating scale during the operation of the machine body, it will affect the accuracy of distance measurement. Therefore, corresponding technical solutions need to be designed to solve the existing technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an ultra-high straightness and high-precision guide rail for a grating length measuring machine, which solves the technical problem that the straightness and accuracy of the guide rail used to guide the measuring head seat directly affect the measurement accuracy. During the process of guiding the measuring head along the guide rail, the vibration generated during the operation of the length measuring machine body may cause the accuracy of the guide rail for the measuring head to decrease, and there is a lack of corresponding monitoring means. In addition, the grating scale used in conjunction with the guide rail is used to achieve distance measurement. When there is dirt on the surface of the scale grating of the grating scale during the operation of the machine body, it will affect the accuracy of distance measurement.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A super-high straightness and high-precision guide rail for a grating length measuring machine, comprising a marble base, a linear guide rail structure, a tailstock, a measuring headstock, side rods and a display screen. The guide rail is installed on the marble base. The tailstock is fixed at one end of the marble base. The measuring headstock is slidably installed on the linear guide rail structure and used in cooperation with the tailstock. Two groups of side rods are respectively installed on the tailstock and the measuring headstock. The display screen is installed on one side of the marble base. A workbench is also installed on the guide rail. The linear guide rail structure includes a guide rail body, a grating measuring component, a straightness monitoring mechanism and a scale grating surface cleaner. One side of the guide rail body is connected to the grating measuring component. The grating measuring component includes a grating reading head installed on the measuring headstock and a scale grating body used in cooperation with the grating reading head. The scale grating body is installed on one side of the guide rail body. The straightness monitoring mechanism is installed at the edge of the grating reading head and faces the edge of the guide rail body. Two groups of scale grating surface cleaners are symmetrically installed at both ends of the grating reading head;

[0006] The straightness monitoring mechanism includes a mounting plate, a conductive sheet, a contact piece one, a contact piece two, an insulating connecting plate and an indicator light. The mounting plate is fixed on the side surface of the guide rail body. Several groups of conductive sheets are evenly arranged on the mounting plate. The contact piece one and the contact piece two are symmetrically distributed above and below the conductive sheet. The contact piece two is externally connected to a power supply. The insulating connecting plate is fixed at the outer ends of the contact piece one and the contact piece two and fixed on the grating reading head. The contact piece one is connected to the indicator light through a circuit. The indicator light is installed on the grating reading head;

[0007] The scale grating surface cleaner includes a housing, a motor, a rotating rod, a cleaning sleeve, a suction pipe, a suction hood, a sewage guide pipe, a suction fan and a sewage discharge pipe. The housing is fixed at the end of the grating reading head and a cleaning inner cavity is formed inside. The motor is installed on one side of the housing and the power output end is connected to the rotating rod. The rotating rod is rotatably installed in the cleaning and sewage inner cavity. The cleaning sleeve is sleeved on the rotating rod. The suction pipe is placed inside the cleaning inner cavity and on one side of the rotating rod. The lower part of the suction pipe is connected to several groups of suction hoods. The end of the suction pipe is connected to the sewage guide pipe. The suction fan is installed at the end of the sewage guide pipe and the air outlet end is connected to the sewage discharge pipe.

[0008] As a preferred mode of the present invention, the contact piece one and the contact piece two are arranged parallel to each other up and down and both are made of conductive materials. The inner ends of the contact piece one and the contact piece two are in contact with the conductive sheet.

[0009] As a preferred mode of the present invention, a sealing gasket is provided at the bottom edge of the housing. The sealing gasket is in contact with the scale grating body.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cleaning sleeve includes a sponge outer sleeve and a plurality of groups of cleaning strips formed on the surface of the sponge outer sleeve. The cleaning strips are in a convex structure, and the cleaning strips located below are in contact with the surface of the scale grating body.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the suction hood is in a horn-shaped structure with a larger diameter at the lower end than at the upper end. Two adjacent groups of the suction hoods are equidistantly distributed. The suction hood is located directly above the scale grating body, and the gap between the two is 0.5 cm - 1 cm.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sewage pipe is in an overall L-shaped structure, and a guiding outlet is formed at the outer end. The guiding outlet opens downward.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0014] 1. The present invention improves the structure of the grating length measuring machine and designs a high-precision guide rail structure. The high-precision guide rail includes a guide rail body, a grating measurement component, a straightness monitoring mechanism, and a scale grating surface cleaner. During the process of guiding the measuring head seat by the guide rail body, the straightness monitoring mechanism installed at the edge of the grating measurement component can perform real-time monitoring and processing on the straightness of the guide rail body. When there are fluctuations in the guide rail body, the straightness monitoring mechanism can quickly detect and send out signals, facilitating the staff to stop the machine for maintenance. In addition, the scale grating surface cleaner installed at both ends of the grating reading head can move synchronously with the grating reading head, and during the movement, it can efficiently clean the possible dirt on the surface of the scale grating, thereby ensuring the measurement accuracy of the grating measurement component.

[0015] 2. The high-precision guide rail structure designed by the present invention can realize the real-time monitoring of the guide rail and the high-precision maintenance of the grating component, improving the guiding effect of the guide rail on the measuring head seat. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is the overall structure diagram of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 is the structure diagram of the linear guide rail structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 is the structure diagram of the straightness monitoring mechanism of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 is the cross-sectional view of the straightness monitoring mechanism of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 is the structure diagram of the scale grating surface cleaner of the present invention.

[0021] In the figure: 1, marble base; 2, linear guide structure; 3, tailstock; 4, measuring headstock; 5, side rod; 6, display screen; 7, workbench; 8, guide rail body; 9, grating measuring component; 10, straightness monitoring mechanism; 11, scale grating surface cleaner; 12, grating reading head; 13, scale grating body; 14, mounting plate; 15, conductive sheet; 16, contact piece one; 17, contact piece two; 18, insulating connecting plate; 19, indicator light; 20, housing; 21, motor; 22, rotating rod; 23, cleaning sleeve; 24, suction pipe; 25, suction hood; 26, sewage guide pipe; 27, exhaust fan; 28, sewage discharge pipe; 29, cleaning cavity; 30, sealing gasket; 31, sponge outer sleeve; 32, cleaning strip; 33, outlet. Detailed implementation mode

[0022] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0023] Please refer to Figures 1-5 , the present invention provides a technical solution: a super-high straightness and high-precision guide rail for a grating length measuring machine, including a marble base 1, a linear guide structure 2, a tailstock 3, a measuring headstock 4, side rods 5 and a display screen 6. The linear guide structure 2 is erected on the marble base 1. The tailstock 3 is fixed to one end of the marble base 1. The measuring headstock 4 is slidably installed on the linear guide structure 2 and used in cooperation with the tailstock 3. Two groups of side rods 5 are respectively installed on the tailstock 3 and the measuring headstock 4. The display screen 6 is erected on one side of the marble base 1. A workbench 7 is also erected on the guide rail. The linear guide structure 2 includes a guide rail body 8, a grating measuring component 9, a straightness monitoring mechanism 10 and a scale grating surface cleaner 11. One side of the guide rail body 8 is connected to the grating measuring component 9. The grating measuring component 9 includes a grating reading head 12 installed on the measuring headstock 4 and a scale grating body 13 used in cooperation with the grating reading head 12. The scale grating body 13 is installed on one side of the guide rail body 8. The straightness monitoring mechanism 10 is installed on the edge of the grating reading head 12 and faces the edge of the guide rail body 8. Two groups of scale grating surface cleaners 11 are symmetrically installed at both ends of the grating reading head 12;

[0024] The straightness monitoring mechanism 10 includes a mounting plate 14, a conductive sheet 15, a first contact piece 16, a second contact piece 17, an insulating connection plate 18, and an indicator light 19. The mounting plate 14 is fixed to the side of the guide rail body 8. The conductive sheet 15 is provided with several groups and is evenly arranged on the mounting plate 14. The first contact piece 16 and the second contact piece 17 are symmetrically distributed above and below the conductive sheet 15. The second contact piece 17 is externally connected to a power supply. The insulating connection plate 18 is fixed to the outer ends of the first contact piece 16 and the second contact piece 17 and is fixed to the grating reading head 12. The first contact piece 16 is connected to the indicator light 19 through a circuit. The indicator light 19 is installed on the grating reading head 12. During the movement of the measuring head seat 4, if the body vibrates and causes the linear guide rail structure 2 to vibrate, there will be a tendency for the first contact piece 16, the second contact piece 17, and the conductive sheet 15 to separate. At this time, the indicator light 19 goes out. On the contrary, if the linear guide rail structure 2 has good guidance, the current is passed through the conductive sheet 15 by the second contact piece 17 to the first contact piece 16, and the current is transmitted to the indicator light 19 through the circuit, and the indicator light lights up;

[0025] The scale grating surface cleaner 11 includes a housing 20, a motor 21, a rotating rod 22, a cleaning sleeve 23, a suction pipe 24, a suction hood 25, a dirt guide pipe 26, a suction fan 27, and a sewage discharge pipe 28. The housing 20 is fixed to the end of the grating reading head 12 and a cleaning inner cavity 29 is formed inside. The motor 21 is installed on one side of the housing 20 and the power output end is connected to the rotating rod 22. The rotating rod 22 is rotatably installed in the cleaning inner cavity. The cleaning sleeve 23 is sleeved on the rotating rod 22. The suction pipe 24 is placed inside the cleaning inner cavity 29 and is located on one side of the rotating rod 22. The lower part of the suction pipe 24 is connected to several groups of suction hoods 25. The end of the suction pipe 24 is connected to the dirt guide pipe 26. The suction fan 27 is installed at the end of the dirt guide pipe 26 and the air outlet end is connected to the sewage discharge pipe 28. When it is necessary to clean the surface of the scale grating body 13, the motor 21 drives the rotating rod 22 to rotate. During the rotation of the rotating rod 22, the cleaning sleeve 23 is driven to rotate synchronously. During the rotation of the cleaning sleeve 23 along with the rotating rod 22, the possible dirt on the surface of the scale grating body 13 can be cleaned. At the same time, the suction fan 27 sucks the air outwards, and the dirt is adsorbed to the suction pipe 24 through the suction hood 25 and is discharged outwards through the sewage discharge pipe 28 along the dirt guide pipe 26, achieving the purpose of automatic cleaning.

[0026] Further improved, as Figure 3 and 4 shown, the first contact piece 16 and the second contact piece 17 are arranged parallel to each other up and down and both are made of conductive materials. The inner ends of the first contact piece 16 and the second contact piece 17 are in contact with the conductive sheet 15 to achieve the purpose of conducting electricity.

[0027] Further improved, as Figure 5As shown, a sealing gasket 30 is provided at the bottom edge of the outer shell 20. The sealing gasket 30 is in contact with the scale grating body 13 to improve the internal sealing performance and prevent dirt from leaking out during the cleaning process of the surface of the scale grating body 13.

[0028] Further improved, as Figure 5 shown, the cleaning sleeve 23 includes a sponge outer sleeve 31 and several groups of cleaning strips 32 formed on the surface of the sponge outer sleeve 31. The cleaning strips 32 are in a convex structure and the cleaning strips 32 located below are in contact with the surface of the scale grating body 13. During the rotation of the cleaning sleeve 23 along with the rotating rod 22, the possible dirt on the surface of the scale grating body 13 can be cleaned.

[0029] Further improved, as Figure 5 shown, the suction hood 25 is in a horn-shaped structure with the diameter of the lower end larger than that of the upper end. Two adjacent groups of suction hoods 25 are equally spaced. The suction hood 25 is located directly above the scale grating body 13 with a gap of 0.5 cm - 1 cm between them. The dirt swept out is suction-cleaned through the suction hood 25.

[0030] Specifically, the sewage discharge pipe 28 is in an overall L-shaped structure and a discharge port 33 is formed at the outer end. The discharge port 33 opens downward, facilitating the external discharge of the cleaned dirt.

[0031] During use: When the measuring head seat 4 is moving, if the linear guide structure 2 vibrates due to the vibration of the machine body, there will be a tendency for the first contact piece 16 and the second contact piece 17 to separate from the conductive piece 15. At this time, the indicator light 19 goes out. On the contrary, if the linear guide structure 2 has good guidance, the current is passed through the conductive piece 15 by the second contact piece 17 to the first contact piece 16, and the current is transmitted to the indicator light 19 through the circuit, and the indicator light is on, achieving the purpose of real-time monitoring of the guide rail. When it is necessary to clean the surface of the scale grating body 13, the motor 21 drives the rotating rod 22 to rotate. During the rotation of the rotating rod 22, the cleaning sleeve 23 is driven to rotate synchronously. During the rotation of the cleaning sleeve 23 along with the rotating rod 22, the possible dirt on the surface of the scale grating body 13 can be cleaned. At the same time, the exhaust fan 27 extracts the air flow outward, and the dirt is adsorbed to the suction pipe 24 through the suction hood 25 and discharged outward through the sewage guiding pipe 26 and the sewage discharge pipe 28, completing the purpose of automatic cleaning.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "coaxial", "bottom", "one end", "top", "middle", "the other end", "upper", "one side", "top", "inner", "front", "center", "both ends", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0033] In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first", "second", "third", "fourth" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features.

[0034] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "installed", "set", "connected", "fixed", "swiveling connection", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. It may be the communication inside two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. Unless otherwise clearly limited, for those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0035] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ultra-high straightness and high-precision guide rail for a grating length measuring machine, comprising a marble base (1), a linear guide rail structure (2), a tailstock (3), a measuring headstock (4), side rods (5) and a display screen (6). The linear guide rail structure (2) is erected on the marble base (1). The tailstock (3) is fixed to one end of the marble base (1). The measuring headstock (4) is slidably mounted on the linear guide rail structure (2) and used in cooperation with the tailstock (3). There are two groups of side rods (5) which are respectively mounted on the tailstock (3) and the measuring headstock (4). The display screen (6) is erected on one side of the marble base (1). A workbench (7) is also erected on the guide rail. It is characterized in that: The linear guide rail structure (2) includes a guide rail body (8), a grating measurement assembly (9), a straightness monitoring mechanism (10), and a scale grating surface cleaner (11). One side of the guide rail body (8) is connected to the grating measurement assembly (9). The grating measurement assembly (9) includes a grating reading head (12) mounted on a measurement head seat (4) and a scale grating body (13) used in cooperation with the grating reading head (12). The scale grating body (13) is mounted on one side of the guide rail body (8). The straightness monitoring mechanism (10) is mounted on the edge of the grating reading head (12) and faces the edge of the guide rail body (8). The scale grating surface cleaner (11) is divided into two groups and symmetrically mounted at both ends of the grating reading head (12); The straightness monitoring mechanism (10) includes a mounting plate (14), a conductive sheet (15), a contact piece one (16), a contact piece two (17), an insulating connecting plate (18), and an indicator light (19). The mounting plate (14) is fixed to the side surface of the guide rail body (8). The conductive sheet (15) is divided into several groups and evenly arranged on the mounting plate (14). The contact piece one (16) and the contact piece two (17) are symmetrically distributed above and below the conductive sheet (15). The contact piece two (17) is externally connected to a power supply. The insulating connecting plate (18) is fixed to the outer ends of the contact piece one (16) and the contact piece two (17) and is fixed to the grating reading head (12). The contact piece one (16) is connected to the indicator light (19) through a circuit. The indicator light (19) is mounted on the grating reading head (12); The scale grating surface cleaner (11) includes a housing (20), a motor (21), a rotating rod (22), a cleaning sleeve (23), a suction pipe (24), a suction hood (25), a sewage guiding pipe (26), a suction fan (27), and a sewage discharge pipe (28). The housing (20) is fixed to the end of the grating reading head (12) and a cleaning inner cavity (29) is formed inside. The motor (21) is mounted on one side of the housing (20) and the power output end is connected to the rotating rod (22). The rotating rod (22) is rotatably mounted in the cleaning and sewage removal inner cavity. The cleaning sleeve (23) is sleeved on the rotating rod (22). The suction pipe (24) is placed inside the cleaning inner cavity (29) and is located on one side of the rotating rod (22). The lower part of the suction pipe (24) is connected to several groups of suction hoods (25). The end of the suction pipe (24) is connected to the sewage guiding pipe (26). The suction fan (27) is mounted at the end of the sewage guiding pipe (26) and the air outlet end is connected to the sewage discharge pipe (28).

2. The ultra-high straightness and high-precision guide rail of a grating length measuring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contact piece one (16) and the contact piece two (17) are arranged parallel to each other up and down and both are made of conductive materials. The inner ends of the contact piece one (16) and the contact piece two (17) are in contact with the conductive sheet (15).

3. The ultra-high straightness and high-precision guide rail of a grating length measuring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing gasket (30) is arranged at the bottom edge of the housing (20). The sealing gasket (30) is in contact with the scale grating body (13).

4. A super-high straightness and high-precision guide rail for a grating length measuring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning sleeve (23) includes a sponge outer sleeve (31) and several groups of cleaning strips (32) formed on the surface of the sponge outer sleeve (31). The cleaning strips (32) are in a convex structure, and the cleaning strips (32) located below are in contact with the surface of the scale grating body (13).

5. A grating length measuring machine with an ultra-high straightness and high-precision guide rail according to claim 3, characterized in that: The suction hood (25) is in a horn-shaped structure with a larger diameter at the lower end than at the upper end. Two adjacent groups of the suction hoods (25) are equally spaced. The suction hood (25) is located directly above the scale grating body (13), and the gap between the two is 0.5 cm - 1 cm.

6. The ultra-high straightness and high-precision guide rail of a grating length measuring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sewage pipe (28) is in an overall L-shaped structure, and a discharge port (33) is formed at the outer end. The discharge port (33) opens downward.

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