Device and Method for Continuous Measurement of Rainfall Intensity at Vertical Points in Random Splash Atomization Zone under Reduced Pressure Environment

Abstract

This invention discloses a device for continuous measurement of vertical point rainfall intensity in a random splashing atomization zone under reduced pressure conditions. The device includes a pressure-reducing chamber containing a water cushion zone, a drainage zone, and a vertical point rainfall intensity measurement device for the atomization zone. The pressure-reducing chamber is equipped with a water inlet, a water cushion zone drainage outlet, a drainage zone drainage outlet, an air extraction port, and an air replenishment port. Water enters through the water inlet to form a water jet, which impacts the water cushion zone to create a random splashing atomization zone. The vertical point rainfall intensity measurement device for the atomization zone includes a rain collection component, a flow transport component, and a weighing component. The rain collection component is placed in the random splashing atomization zone and has multiple strings of rain collection buckets arranged side-by-side. The flow transport component has multiple main flow pipes connected to the rain collection buckets. The weighing component includes multiple rain collection boxes connected to the main flow pipes, with a weighing device located below each rain collection box. This invention also discloses a method for measuring rainfall intensity using the above device. This invention enables continuous and accurate measurement at multiple elevations and under multiple operating conditions, resulting in high experimental efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of hydraulic testing technology for dam construction, and in particular, it is a device and method for continuously measuring the rainfall intensity at vertical points in a random splashing atomization zone under decompression conditions. Background Technology

[0002] High dam atomization occurs during the discharge (flood) process. Water jets (or groups of water jets) splash into the water cushion, forming atomization sources within the water cushion area. This primarily diffuses downstream, creating atomized rain zones with significant spatial variations in rainfall distribution. Furthermore, in areas experiencing heavy rainfall (intensity ≥10mm / h), the longitudinal and elevation influence range can reach hundreds of meters. For example, when the spillway of the Nazixia Hydropower Station opens to release floodwater (discharge volume 418.5m³), this can occur. 3 / s), it was discovered that the plant's booster station and plant buildings were located in an area prone to fogging and heavy rain, affecting the safe operation of the hydropower station; when the joint bureau of the flood discharge channel and spillway of the hydropower station opened the gate to discharge floodwater (discharge volume 448.84m³), 3 The system detected that downstream villages were located within the flood discharge and atomization rainstorm zone, impacting local production and daily life. This indicates that the downstream atomization rainstorm zone from the water cushion area's atomization source presents or has potential risks, necessitating effective prediction and scientific protection.

[0003] Safety issues related to high-altitude spillway (flood) atomization have become a major concern with the construction and operation of high-altitude dams. To further develop a numerical calculation model for stochastic splashing of jet-flow atomization considering the influence of low air pressure, relevant decompression tests are needed. Existing decompression-type stochastic splashing tests have measured the surface rainfall intensity of atomization on the inclined test surface and the point rainfall intensity of atomization on the horizontal test surface downstream of the atomization source in the water cushion area. These tests revealed that a decrease in ambient air pressure increases the surface rainfall intensity of atomization on the inclined test surface, causing the rainstorm area on the horizontal test surface to expand downstream. However, the distribution of point rainfall intensity on the rain-facing vertical surface downstream of the atomization source in the water cushion area has not yet been experimentally studied. This prevents an effective analysis of the degree to which low air pressure affects the distribution of atomized rain in the elevation direction, and also restricts further optimization of related numerical models.

[0004] In methods for determining the distribution of spillway (flood) atomized rain along the elevation direction, some literature reports on atmospheric pressure tests arranged outside the water cushion area, using a flow collector placed on a horizontal test surface to collect atomized rain from random splashing atomization areas to calculate the time-averaged rainfall intensity. The rain collection port of this method can collect water droplets in projectile motion, but it cannot effectively collect water droplets in the near-field ejection motion of random splashing atomization. Furthermore, while this method is feasible for controlling elevation in batches under normal pressure, when extended to depressurized environments, it can only achieve the measurement of rainfall intensity at a single elevation level by combining effective vertical shielding. It cannot achieve continuous measurement of multiple elevations because no one can enter the chamber during the depressurization test, and the amount of rain collected by the measuring cylinder under each working condition cannot be effectively measured. Existing patent documents CN208937287U and CN111207906B both use inclined confluence plates to collect and converge the rain-facing surface. The flow measuring device measures the total rainfall on the confluence surface, which is not suitable for measuring the rainfall intensity of multiple atomization points. Therefore, it is necessary to study a device and method for continuous measurement of rainfall intensity at vertical points in a random splashing atomization zone under depressurized conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a device and method for continuous measurement of rainfall intensity at vertical points in a random splashing atomization zone under reduced pressure conditions, in order to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art. It can achieve continuous and accurate measurement of multiple elevations and multiple working conditions, and has high test efficiency.

[0006] The present invention provides a technical solution to address the technical problems existing in the prior art: a continuous measurement device for vertical point rainfall intensity in a random splashing atomization zone under reduced pressure, comprising a reduced pressure chamber, a water cushion zone, a drainage zone, and a vertical point rainfall intensity measurement device in the atomization zone within the reduced pressure chamber. The reduced pressure chamber is equipped with a water inlet, a water cushion zone drainage outlet, a drainage zone drainage outlet, an air extraction port, and an air replenishment port. Water enters through the water inlet to form a water jet, which impacts the water cushion zone to form a random splashing atomization zone. The vertical point rainfall intensity measurement device in the atomization zone includes a rain collection component, a flow transport component, and... Weighing component; the rain collection component is placed in a random splashing atomization zone and has a vertical frame. Multiple strings of rain collection buckets are arranged side-by-side within the vertical frame. The rain collection buckets are vertically arranged with openings at the upper end of their side walls and are strung on uprights. The uprights are rotatably connected to the vertical frame, and multiple layers of sleeves are fitted onto the uprights. The bottom outlet of each rain collection bucket is connected to the flow conveying component through an annular sleeve. Adjacent uprights are connected by a chain drive mechanism housed within a closed box. The closed box is connected to the vertical frame. The frame is fixedly connected. The current conveying assembly is located downstream of the rainwater collection assembly and includes multiple main current conveying pipes. Each main current conveying pipe is connected to a corresponding annular space of the sleeve using a flexible hose. A bypass pipe is connected to each main current conveying pipe. A solenoid valve I is installed on each main current conveying pipe, and a solenoid valve II is installed on each bypass pipe. The weighing assembly is located downstream of the rainwater collection assembly and includes multiple rainwater collection boxes connected to each main current conveying pipe. The rainwater collection boxes are horizontally arranged inside the housing. The housing has a cover, and a weighing device is located below each rainwater collection box. The top is open, and the sides are open. A drain pipe with solenoid valve III is provided at the bottom of the wall, and an overflow pipe is provided at the top of the side wall. Interconnected drainage channels are provided at the bottom of the box and around the rain collection box. A monitoring device and a lighting device are provided inside the box. The outlet of the drain pipe of the rain collection box and the outlet of the overflow pipe are located above the drainage channel, and the bottom of the drainage channel has an outlet. The drive motor of the chain drive mechanism, the lighting device, and the controllers of solenoid valve I, solenoid valve II and solenoid valve III are located outside the pressure reducing box. The data acquisition system of the monitoring device is located outside the pressure reducing box.

[0007] Based on the above solution, the present invention has made the following improvements:

[0008] To reduce the space occupied by the rainwater collection and transmission components and avoid the cross-layout of pipelines, the sleeves are arranged in the following structure: the diameter of the sleeve connected to the bottom of the high-level rainwater collection tank is smaller than the diameter of the sleeve connected to the bottom of the low-level rainwater collection tank, and the elevation of the lower sealing surface of the sleeve connected to the bottom of the high-level rainwater collection tank is lower than the elevation of the lower sealing surface of the sleeve connected to the bottom of the low-level rainwater collection tank.

[0009] To facilitate and effectively regulate and monitor the required flow rate and pressure in the pressure chamber during the test, the water inlet, the water cushion area drain outlet, and the drainage area drain outlet are connected to a water flow regulation system component and a flow monitoring instrument. The air extraction port and the air replenishment port are respectively connected to an airflow regulation system component and a pressure monitoring instrument.

[0010] To accommodate the discharge conditions of the prototype project, multiple inlets are provided.

[0011] To avoid the crisscrossing of pipelines and to facilitate the installation and relocation of the testing device, the weighing instrument and the lighting device are both battery powered.

[0012] Another technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art is: a method for measuring the continuous rainfall intensity at vertical points in a random splashing atomization zone under reduced pressure environment using the above-mentioned device, comprising the following steps:

[0013] (1) Before the test: Under normal pressure, observe the range of the random splashing atomization zone by releasing water according to the test conditions. After selecting the test area, stop the water intake, drain the water accumulated in the pressure reducing tank, select the test position within the selected test area, install the vertical point rainfall intensity measuring device of the atomization zone at the selected test position, and record the rain collection tank number 1 to n and the effective rain collection area A. n Define the location of the rainwater collection bucket by its geometric center, select a reference point, and record the coordinates n of the point. (x,y,z) Adjust the position of the rain collection bucket so that it faces away from the upstream, close solenoid valve I, open solenoid valves II and III, and adjust the flow rate and air pressure to the first working condition of the test design.

[0014] (2) Start the test: ① Adjust the position of the rainwater collection tank so that it faces upstream, turn on the lighting and monitoring devices, and take a screenshot of the monitoring device interface to read and record the time T0 and the initial reading G of each weighing device. n0 ②Simultaneously open solenoid valve I, close solenoid valves II and III, set the sampling duration and reading interval, and take readings from screenshots on the monitoring interface. Each time a reading is taken, observe whether the rain collection box overflows. If there is no overflow, the current sampling time is valid, and sampling continues until the rain collection box overflows or the last moment of the set sampling time. If there is overflow, the current sampling time is invalid, and sampling ends. The sampling time ends at the end of the previous sampling. Close solenoid valve I, open solenoid valves II and III, drain the water stored in the rain intensity measuring device on the facade of the atomization area, and adjust the orientation of the rain collection bucket so that it faces away from upstream. Define i as the number of samplings per bucket, and m as the total number of valid samplings per bucket. The value range of i is 1 to m. Using the formula (G... nm -G n0 ) / A n The calculation yields the position of each point in (T) m-T0) The hourly average rainfall intensity at the facade of the fogged area during the total test period was calculated using the formula (G ni -G n(i-1) ) / (A n (T i -T (i-1) ))Calculation yields (T) i -T (i-1) Average hourly rainfall intensity at facade points in the atomized area during adjacent test periods;

[0015] (3) Keep the flow rate constant and change the air pressure for testing: Change the air pressure and fine-tune the water flow regulation system components of the inlet and the outlet of the drainage area to keep the inlet flow rate constant. Using step (2), test the hourly average rainfall intensity of the atomization area facade point at the same test location under the test design conditions of the same flow rate and different air pressure during the total test period and adjacent test periods.

[0016] (4) Keep the air pressure constant and change the flow rate for testing: Change the flow rate and fine-tune the airflow adjustment system components of the air extraction port and the air replenishment port to keep the air pressure in the pressure reducing chamber constant. Using step (2), test the hourly average rainfall intensity of the atomization area facade point at the same test location during the total test period and adjacent test periods under the test design conditions of the same air pressure and different flow rates.

[0017] (5) Change the test location and repeat steps (1) to (4) to measure the hourly average rainfall intensity of the facade points at different test locations in the random water splashing atomization area during the total test period and adjacent test periods.

[0018] After the test is completed, the air pressure in the depressurization chamber is replenished to normal pressure, the water intake is stopped, and the water in the rain collection bucket and the depressurization chamber is drained.

[0019] The advantages and positive effects of this invention are as follows: By arranging multiple rain collection buckets at different elevations in a vertical frame series within the random water splashing atomization zone of the pressure reducing chamber, it is possible to measure the vertical point rainfall intensity of the random water splashing atomization zone at multiple elevations and locations; by vertically setting the rain collection buckets and providing openings at the upper ends of the side walls to collect atomized water droplets undergoing projectile motion and catapult motion, this rain collection port can comprehensively collect atomized rain passing through corresponding points, making the test more accurate; by using electromagnetic valves to automatically control the opening and closing of the rain collection box's drain pipe, the rain collection capacity of the rain collection box can be restored during the adjustment of test conditions, providing a test reserve range for the next test; by using electromagnetic valves to automatically control the opening and closing of the main feed pipe and the bypass pipe, and by setting an overflow pipe on the rain collection box for joint monitoring, it is beneficial to determine the effective test duration and can prevent the rain collection volume from overloading and damaging the weighing instrument during test conditions and condition transitions; by using a chain... The automatic control of the transmission mechanism to steer the rain collection bucket helps prevent the collection of invalid atomized rain from interfering with the test results during the adjustment of test conditions. Monitoring and lighting devices capture and record the sampling time and weighing value of the corresponding working conditions by photographing the weighing scale readings, facilitating continuous measurement of different working conditions at the same location. Furthermore, the installation position of the rain collection components, the number of rain collection buckets, and the size of the rain collection surface can be designed and adjusted according to test requirements, ensuring good adaptability. The enclosure is equipped with a cover to prevent condensed atomized rain inside the pressure-reducing chamber from interfering with the test results. The centralized drainage design of the chamber's manifold, with multiple layers of sleeves and their elevation divisions connected to the main flow pipe via flexible hoses, reduces space occupation, avoids intersecting pipeline layouts, and facilitates the addition and partial replacement of corresponding components. The testing instrument uses a weighing scale, making instrument purchase convenient. The monitoring device uses screenshots to read and record the collected data, ensuring high reliability. The continuous measurement device is installed inside the pressure-reducing chamber, eliminating the need for pressure difference protection, resulting in a simple and safe structure. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the continuous measuring device of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the continuous measuring device of the present invention after the box cover is removed;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the continuous measuring device of the present invention with a box cover;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rainwater collection and current conveying components in the continuous measurement device of the present invention under non-test and test conditions.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the weighing component in the continuous measuring device of the present invention.

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Pressure reducing chamber; 2-1. Water cushion area; 2-1-1. Water-retaining weir plate; 2-2. Drainage area; 3-1. Drainage outlet of water cushion area; 3-2. Drainage outlet of drainage area; 4-1. Air extraction port; 4-2. Air replenishment port; 5. Water inlet; 6. Water tongue; 7. Random water splashing atomization area; 8. Rain collection assembly; 8-1. Vertical frame; 8-2. Rain collection bucket; 8-3. Upright pole; 8-4. Chain drive mechanism; 8-5. Sleeve; 8-6. Enclosed box; 9- 9-1. Flow transmission assembly; 9-2. Flow transmission main pipe; 9-3. Solenoid valve I; 9-4. Solenoid valve II; 9-5. Hoses; 10. Weighing assembly; 10-1. Rain collection box; 10-2. Weighing device; 10-3-1. Monitoring device; 10-3-2. Lighting device; 10-4. Solenoid valve III; 10-5. Housing; 10-6. Drainage channel; 10-7. Housing cover; 10-8. Drain pipe; 10-9. Overflow pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To further understand the invention's content, features, and effects, the following embodiments are provided, and detailed descriptions are given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0027] Please see Figures 1-5 A continuous measurement device for the intensity of random splashing water atomization zone on the facade of a depressurized environment includes a depressurization chamber 1. Inside the depressurization chamber 1, there are a water cushion zone 2-1, a drainage zone 2-2, and a device for measuring the intensity of splashing water atomization zone on the facade. The depressurization chamber 1 is provided with a water inlet 5, a water cushion zone drainage outlet 3-1, a drainage zone drainage outlet 3-2, an air extraction port 4-1, and an air replenishment port 4-2. Water enters through the water inlet 5 to form a water tongue 6, and the water tongue 6 impacts the water cushion zone 2-1 to form a random splashing water atomization zone 7.

[0028] The fogging zone facade point rainfall intensity measuring device includes a rain collection component 8, a flow transport component 9, and a weighing component 10.

[0029] The rain collection component 8 is placed in the random splashing atomization zone 7 and has a vertical frame 8-1. Multiple rain collection barrels 8-2 are arranged side by side in the vertical frame 8-1. The rain collection barrels 8-2 are vertically arranged and have an opening at the upper end of the side wall. They are strung on the uprights 8-3. The uprights 8-3 are rotatably connected to the vertical frame 8-1. Multiple layers of sleeves 8-5 are fitted on the uprights 8-3. The bottom outlet of each rain collection barrel 8-2 is connected to the flow conveying component 9 through a sleeve 8-5. Adjacent uprights 8-3 are connected by a chain drive mechanism 8-4. The chain drive mechanism 8-4 is set in a closed box 8-6. The closed box 8-6 is fixed to the vertical frame 8-1.

[0030] The flow transmission assembly 9 is located downstream of the rainwater collection assembly 8 and includes multiple main flow transmission pipes 9-1. The main flow transmission pipes 9-1 and the sleeves 8-5 are connected one-to-one by flexible hoses 9-5. A bypass pipe 9-2 is connected to the main flow transmission pipe 9-1. A solenoid valve I 9-3 is provided on the main flow transmission pipe 9-1, and a solenoid valve II 9-4 is provided on the bypass pipe 9-2.

[0031] The weighing component 10 is located downstream of the rain collection component 8 and includes multiple rain collection boxes 10-1 that are connected one-to-one with the main flow pipe 9-1. The rain collection boxes 10-1 are horizontally arranged inside the box body 10-5. The box body 10-5 is provided with a box cover 10-7. A weighing device 10-2 is provided below the rain collection box 10-1. The upper end is open. A drain pipe 10-8 with a solenoid valve III 10-4 is provided at the bottom of the side wall. An overflow pipe 10-9 is provided at the top of the side wall.

[0032] At the bottom of the housing 10-5 and around the rain collection box 10-1, there are interconnected drainage channels 10-6. Inside the housing 10-5, there are monitoring devices 10-3-1 and lighting devices 10-3-2. The outlet of the drain pipe 10-8 of the rain collection box 10-1 and the outlet of the overflow pipe 10-9 are located above the drainage channels 10-6. The bottom of the drainage channels 10-6 has an outlet.

[0033] The drive motor of the chain drive mechanism 8-4, the lighting device 10-3-2, the solenoid valve I 9-3, the solenoid valve II 9-4 and the controller of the solenoid valve III 10-4 are located outside the pressure reducing box 1, and the acquisition system of the monitoring device 10-3-1 is located outside the pressure reducing box 1.

[0034] The more preferred solution in this embodiment is as follows:

[0035] The diameter of the sleeve 8-5 connected to the bottom of the high-level rainwater collection tank 8-2 is smaller than the diameter of the sleeve 8-5 connected to the bottom of the low-level rainwater collection tank 8-2, and the elevation of the lower sealing surface of the sleeve 8-5 connected to the bottom of the high-level rainwater collection tank 8-2 is lower than the lower sealing surface of the sleeve 8-5 connected to the bottom of the low-level rainwater collection tank 8-2.

[0036] The water inlet 5, the water cushion area drain outlet 3-1 and the drainage area drain outlet 3-2 are connected to a water flow regulation system component and a flow monitoring instrument, and the air extraction port 4-1 and the air replenishment port 4-2 are respectively connected to an airflow regulation system component and an air pressure monitoring instrument.

[0037] A water-retaining weir plate 2-1-1 is provided around the water cushion area 2-1.

[0038] The water inlet 5 has multiple inlets.

[0039] The weighing device 10-2 is powered by a battery.

[0040] The lighting device 10-3-2 is battery powered.

[0041] The method for measuring the continuous rainfall intensity at vertical points in the random splashing atomization zone under reduced pressure using the aforementioned device comprises the following steps:

[0042] (1) Before the test: Under normal pressure, observe the range of the random splashing atomization zone 7 by releasing water according to the test conditions. After selecting the test area, stop the water intake and drain the water accumulated in the pressure reducing tank 1. Select the test location within the selected test area and install the vertical point rainfall intensity measuring device of the atomization zone at the selected test location. Record the rain collection tanks 8-2 numbered 1 to n and the effective rain collection area A. n Define the location of the point using the geometric center of the rainwater collection bucket 8-2, select a reference point, and record the coordinates n of the point. (x,y,z) Adjust the position of the rain collection bucket 8-2 so that it faces away from the upstream, close solenoid valve I 9-3, open solenoid valve II 9-4 and solenoid valve III 10-4, and adjust the flow rate and air pressure to the first working condition of the test design.

[0043] (2) Start the test: ① Adjust the position of the rain collection tank 8-2 so that it faces upstream, turn on the lighting device 10-3-2 and the monitoring device 10-3-1, and take a screenshot of the interface of the monitoring device 10-3-1 to read and record the time T0 and the initial reading G of each weighing device 10-2. n0 ②Simultaneously open solenoid valve I9-3, close solenoid valve II9-4 and solenoid valve III10-4, set the sampling duration and reading interval, and take readings from screenshots on the monitoring interface. Each time a reading is taken, observe whether there is overflow in the rain collection box 8-2. If there is no overflow, the current sampling time is valid, and sampling continues until overflow occurs in the rain collection box 8-2 or the last moment of the set sampling time. If there is overflow, the current sampling time is invalid, and sampling ends. The sampling time ends at the end of the previous sampling. Close solenoid valve I9-3, open solenoid valve II9-4 and solenoid valve III10-4 to drain the water stored in the rain intensity measuring device on the facade of the atomization area, and adjust the orientation of the rain collection bucket 8-2 so that it faces away from upstream. Define i as the number of samplings per bucket, and m as the total number of valid samplings per bucket. The value range of i is 1 to m. Using the formula (G nm -G n0 ) / A n The calculation yields the position of each point in (T) m -T0) The hourly average rainfall intensity at the facade of the fogged area during the total test period was calculated using the formula (G ni -G n(i-1) ) / (A n (T i -T (i-1) ))Calculation yields (T) i -T(i-1) Average hourly rainfall intensity at facade points in the atomized area during adjacent test periods;

[0044] (3) Keep the flow rate constant and change the air pressure for testing: Change the air pressure and finely adjust the water flow adjustment system components of the inlet 5 and the drainage outlet 3-2 of the drainage area to keep the inlet flow rate constant. Using step (2), test the hourly average rainfall intensity of the atomization area facade point at the same test location under the test design conditions of the same flow rate and different air pressure during the total test period and adjacent test periods.

[0045] (4) Keep the air pressure constant and change the flow rate for testing: Change the flow rate and finely adjust the airflow adjustment system components of the air extraction port 4-1 and the air replenishment port 4-2 to keep the air pressure in the pressure reducing chamber constant. Using step (2), test the hourly average rainfall intensity of the atomization area facade point at the same test location during the total test period and adjacent test periods under the test design conditions of the same air pressure and different flow rates.

[0046] (5) Change the test location and repeat steps (1) to (4) to measure the hourly average rainfall intensity of the facade points at different test locations in the random water splashing atomization area during the total test period and adjacent test periods.

[0047] After the test is completed, the air pressure in the depressurization chamber 1 is replenished to normal pressure, the water intake is stopped, and the water accumulated in the rain collection bucket 8-2 and the depressurization chamber 1 is drained.

[0048] Using the above-mentioned device and method, through the vertical array arrangement of multiple rain collection buckets 8-2 and the automatic turning control of their rain collection surfaces in the direction of water flow, coupled with the diversion and diversion of the flow conveying component 9 and the drainage and overflow of the weighing component 10, and the recording by the monitoring device 10-3-1, it is possible to continuously measure the vertical point rainfall intensity in the random splashing atomization zone under depressurization environment. In particular, the rain collection surface with an opening at the upper end of the side wall of the rain collection bucket 8-2 can collect water droplets of projectile motion and ejection motion in the near-zone of random splashing atomization under test conditions. This overcomes the shortcomings of existing flow collection cylinders, which can collect water droplets of projectile motion but cannot effectively collect water droplets of ejection motion, making the test more accurate. The measured rainfall intensity at multiple vertical points in the spray atomization rain area can be used to analyze the variation of the hourly average rainfall intensity at the same measuring point on the vertical surface of the atomization area with flow rate and air pressure during the total test period and adjacent test periods. It can also be used to analyze the variation of the hourly average rainfall intensity at the vertical points along the flow direction and along the elevation direction of the atomization area with flow rate and air pressure during the total test period and adjacent test periods.

[0049] Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other modifications under the guidance of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and all of these modifications are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for continuous measurement of rainfall intensity at vertical points in a random splashing atomization zone under reduced pressure conditions, characterized in that, The system includes a pressure-reducing chamber, which contains a water cushion area, a drainage area, and an atomization area. A vertical point rainfall intensity measuring device is also provided within the pressure-reducing chamber. The pressure-reducing chamber is equipped with a water inlet, a water cushion area drain outlet, a drainage area drain outlet, an air extraction port, and an air replenishment port. The water inlet introduces water, forming a water tongue. This water tongue impacts the water cushion area, creating a random water spray atomization zone. The fogging zone facade point rainfall intensity measuring device includes a rain collection component, a flow transport component, and a weighing component; The rain collection assembly is placed in a random water spray atomization zone and has a vertical frame. Multiple strings of rain collection buckets are arranged side-by-side within the vertical frame. The rain collection buckets are vertically positioned with openings at the top of their side walls and are strung on uprights. The uprights are rotatably connected to the vertical frame, and multiple layers of sleeves are fitted onto the uprights. The bottom outlet of each rain collection bucket is connected to the flow conveying assembly via an annular sleeve. Adjacent uprights are connected by a chain drive mechanism housed within a sealed box, which is fixedly connected to the vertical frame. The flow transmission assembly is located downstream of the rainwater collection assembly and includes multiple main flow transmission pipes. The main flow transmission pipes are connected to the annulus of the casing one-to-one by flexible hoses. A bypass pipe is connected to the main flow transmission pipe. A solenoid valve I is provided on the main flow transmission pipe, and a solenoid valve II is provided on the bypass pipe. The weighing assembly is located downstream of the rainwater collection assembly and includes multiple rainwater collection boxes that are connected one-to-one with the main flow pipe. The rainwater collection boxes are horizontally arranged inside the housing, which has a cover. A weighing device is located below each rainwater collection box, and the top is open. A drain pipe with a solenoid valve III is located at the bottom of the side wall, and an overflow pipe is located at the top of the side wall. The bottom of the box and around the rain collection box are provided with interconnected drainage channels. The inside of the box is provided with a monitoring device and a lighting device. The drain outlet of the rain collection box and the overflow outlet are located above the drainage channels. The bottom of the drainage channels is provided with an outlet. The drive motor of the chain drive mechanism, the lighting device, the controllers of solenoid valve I, solenoid valve II, and solenoid valve III are located outside the pressure reducing box, and the acquisition system of the monitoring device is also located outside the pressure reducing box.

2. The continuous measurement device for rainfall intensity at vertical points in a random splashing atomization zone under reduced pressure environment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the sleeve connected to the bottom of the high-level rainwater collection tank is smaller than the diameter of the sleeve connected to the bottom of the low-level rainwater collection tank, and the elevation of the lower sealing surface of the sleeve connected to the bottom of the high-level rainwater collection tank is lower than the lower sealing surface of the sleeve connected to the bottom of the low-level rainwater collection tank.

3. The continuous measurement device for rainfall intensity at vertical points in a random splashing atomization zone under reduced pressure environment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water inlet, the water cushion area drain outlet, and the drainage area drain outlet are connected to a water flow regulation system component and a flow monitoring instrument, and the air extraction port and the air replenishment port are respectively connected to an airflow regulation system component and an air pressure monitoring instrument.

4. The continuous measurement device for rainfall intensity at vertical points in a random splashing atomization zone under reduced pressure environment according to claim 1, characterized in that, A water-retaining weir is provided around the water cushion area.

5. The continuous measurement device for rainfall intensity at vertical points in a random splashing atomization zone under reduced pressure environment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water inlet is provided with multiple inlets.

6. The continuous measurement device for rainfall intensity at vertical points in a random splashing atomization zone under reduced pressure environment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The weighing device is battery powered.

7. The continuous measurement device for rainfall intensity at vertical points in a random splashing atomization zone under reduced pressure environment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lighting device is battery powered.

8. A method for measuring the continuous rainfall intensity at vertical points in a random splashing atomization zone under reduced pressure conditions using the continuous measuring device described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The following steps are adopted: (1) Before the test: Under normal pressure, observe the range of the random splashing atomization zone by releasing water according to the test conditions. After selecting the test area, stop the water intake, drain the water accumulated in the pressure reducing tank, select the test position within the selected test area, install the vertical point rainfall intensity measuring device of the atomization zone at the selected test position, and record the rain collection tank number 1 to n and the effective rain collection area A. n Define the location of the rainwater collection bucket by its geometric center, select a reference point, and record the coordinates n of the point. (x,y,z) Adjust the position of the rain collection bucket so that it faces away from the upstream, close solenoid valve I, open solenoid valves II and III, and adjust the flow rate and air pressure to the first working condition of the test design. (2) Start the test: ① Adjust the position of the rainwater collection tank so that it faces upstream, turn on the lighting and monitoring devices, and take a screenshot of the monitoring device interface to read and record the time T0 and the initial reading G of each weighing device. n0 ②Simultaneously open solenoid valve I, close solenoid valves II and III, set the sampling duration and reading interval, and take readings from screenshots on the monitoring interface. Each time a reading is taken, observe whether the rain collection box overflows. If there is no overflow, the current sampling time is valid, and sampling continues until the rain collection box overflows or the last moment of the set sampling time. If there is overflow, the current sampling time is invalid, and sampling ends. The sampling time ends at the end of the previous sampling. Close solenoid valve I, open solenoid valves II and III, drain the water stored in the rain intensity measuring device on the facade of the atomization area, and adjust the orientation of the rain collection bucket so that it faces away from upstream. Define i as the number of samplings per bucket, and m as the total number of valid samplings per bucket. The value range of i is 1 to m. Using the formula (G... nm -G n0 ) / A n The calculation yields the position of each point in (T) m -T0) The hourly average rainfall intensity at the facade of the fogged area during the total test period was calculated using the formula (G ni -G n(i-1) ) / (A n (T i -T (i-1) ))Calculation yields (T) i -T (i-1) Average hourly rainfall intensity at facade points in the atomized area during adjacent test periods; (3) Keep the flow rate constant and change the air pressure for testing: Change the air pressure and fine-tune the water flow regulation system components of the inlet and the outlet of the drainage area to keep the inlet flow rate constant. Using step (2), test the hourly average rainfall intensity of the atomization area facade point at the same test location under the test design conditions of the same flow rate and different air pressure during the total test period and adjacent test periods. (4) Keep the air pressure constant and change the flow rate for testing: Change the flow rate and fine-tune the airflow adjustment system components of the air extraction port and the air replenishment port to keep the air pressure in the pressure reducing chamber constant. Using step (2), test the hourly average rainfall intensity of the atomization area facade point at the same test location during the total test period and adjacent test periods under the test design conditions of the same air pressure and different flow rates. (5) Change the test location and repeat steps (1) to (4) to measure the hourly average rainfall intensity of the facade points at different test locations in the random water splashing atomization area during the total test period and adjacent test periods. After the test is completed, the air pressure in the depressurization chamber is replenished to normal pressure, the water intake is stopped, and the water in the rain collection bucket and the depressurization chamber is drained.

Images