Device and method for testing tensile strength of weathering crust of rock cultural relic carrier

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for testing the tensile strength of a weathering crust of a rock cultural relic carrier and a testing method, relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering testing, and solves the problems that in the prior art, testing equipment cannot meet the requirement for on-site measurement of the tensile strength of the weathering crust, and the testing layout flexibility is poor. The device comprises an operation table, a first supporting unit and a second supporting unit are connected to the operation table, a telescopic supporting device is connected to the front end of the first supporting unit, a size measuring assembly is adjustably arranged on the telescopic supporting device, a front supporting block is arranged at the front end of the telescopic supporting device, and a force applying unit is arranged at the front end of the second supporting unit. The front end of the force application unit is matched with the splitting assembly, the splitting assembly is provided with a graduated scale, and the splitting assembly and the front supporting block are used for being matched with the cracking end and the cracking tail end of the weathering crust respectively. According to the device, the limitation of a traditional Brazilian splitting tensile test is avoided, the device can be more flexibly extended to actual engineering, and the shearing force generated when the weathering crust is subjected to tensile failure in the tangential stress applying process is better collected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering testing, and in particular to a device and a testing method for testing the tensile strength of a weathering crust of a rock cultural relic carrier. Background Art

[0002] Rock cultural relics are a kind of stone carving culture and a precious cultural heritage left by early humans to future generations. However, due to the lack of protection technology and relevant experience in the early years, rock cultural relics were weathered, and natural disasters such as precipitation caused serious damage to some of them. Over time, a weathering crust was formed, causing the cortex of rock cultural relics to fall off, resulting in irreversible consequences. In order to protect the nature of this rock deterioration phenomenon, the Brazilian splitting test was used to simulate the destruction of the rock, explore its essence, and grouting repair was performed on the cracks after splitting. For example, a sandstone grouting inorganic gel material and its preparation method disclosed in the Chinese invention patent with publication number CN112374846A can be prepared according to the specific performance of the cultural relics, and the appropriate grouting material ratio can be selected according to the performance area distribution map of grouting materials with different ratios, which can be applied in multiple scenarios. In order to explore the strength of the grouting material and avoid cracking due to the solidification of the grouting material and the thermal expansion and contraction of the external temperature, it is necessary to use test equipment to test the tensile strength of the weathering crust of the rock cultural relic carrier.

[0003] The Chinese invention patent with publication number CN118858019A discloses a device and a method for testing the connection strength of the weathering crust of a rock cultural relic carrier, which solves the problem that the experimental instrument in the prior art cannot be used for in-situ measurement and the normal force cannot be applied uniformly.

[0004] However, the main purpose of the prior art is to uniformly apply normal force and tangential force, and to test the shear strength of rock cultural relics. The existing equipment for testing the weathering shell of rock cultural relics is to test the horizontal shear force, and no relevant measurement is performed on the tensile strength data required for grouting during the repair of the weathering shell cracks of the rock cultural relics carrier.

[0005] At present, most of the splitting tensile strength test experiments in Brazil are mainly indoor experiments, and the sample size in the laboratory is small. For the protection of rock cultural relics, although various simulated environments are used to simulate the various natural influences on rock cultural relics, they cannot replace the actual conditions of rock cultural relics after all. In addition, the flexibility of existing test equipment is poor, and it is difficult to adapt to the flexible layout requirements of on-site weathering crust support and measurement environment. Summary of the invention

[0006] Aiming at the deficiencies in the above-mentioned background technology, the present invention proposes a device and a testing method for testing the tensile strength of the weathered crust of rock cultural relic carriers, which solves the problems that the existing test equipment cannot meet the on-site measurement of the tensile strength of the weathered crust and the poor flexibility of test layout.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is realized as follows: A device for testing the tensile strength of the weathered crust of rock cultural relic carriers includes an operating platform, on which a first support unit and a second support unit are respectively connected. A telescopic support is connected to the front end of the first support unit, and a size measurement component is adjustably provided on the telescopic support. A front support block is provided at the front end of the telescopic support, and a force application unit is provided at the front end of the second support unit. The front end of the force application unit cooperates with a splitting component, and a scale is provided on the splitting component. The splitting component and the front support block are respectively used to cooperate with the cracking end and the cracking terminal of the weathered crust.

[0008] Preferably, the first support unit includes a rotary joint provided on the operating platform. The adjusting end of the rotary joint is connected to the load-bearing rod I, and the outer end of the load-bearing rod I is hinged to the load-bearing rod II. The load-bearing rod II is fixedly connected to the front support assembly.

[0009] Preferably, the rotary joint includes an outer base circle fixedly provided on the side wall of the operating platform. An inner circle is rotatably provided on the outer base circle. The load-bearing rod I is rotatably connected to the inner circle. A straight piece is hinged on the inner circle. A number of scale grooves for cooperating with the straight piece are circumferentially and equally angled on the outer base circle. A limit pin for limiting the hinge angle is provided between the load-bearing rod I and the load-bearing rod II.

[0010] Preferably, the second support unit includes a telescopic rod, one end of which is hinged to the side wall of the operating platform; the force application unit includes a telescopic cylinder connected to the other end of the telescopic rod. The telescopic cylinder is connected to a pressure booster provided on the operating platform through a hose. The telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder is connected to a telescopic rail support mechanism, and the telescopic rail support mechanism cooperates with the splitting component.

[0011] Preferably, the splitting component includes a number of wedge blocks, which are inserted and cooperated with each other. A scale is provided on the side wall of the wedge block, and the tapered end of the wedge block cooperates with the cracking end of the weathered crust.

[0012] Preferably, the telescopic rail support mechanism includes a force application rod connected to the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder. The front end of the force application rod is fixedly connected to the outer rail. An inner rail slides on the outer rail. A sleeve slides on the force application rod. A sleeve rod is hinged to the outside of the sleeve, and the sleeve rod is hinged to the inner rail. The inner rail and the outer rail cooperate with the end of the wedge block.

[0013] Preferably, the telescopic support includes a plurality of telescopic pipe sections fixedly connected to the second bearing rod, and a locking knob for locking the relative positions between adjacent telescopic pipe sections is provided in cooperation between the connected telescopic pipe sections. A scale value is provided in cooperation on the telescopic pipe section; the front support block is a wedge-shaped block.

[0014] Preferably, the dimension measurement component includes a cursor frame sleeved on the telescopic pipe section, and a plurality of springs are provided inside the cursor frame, and sliders are provided at the ends of the springs.

[0015] A test method for a device for testing the tensile strength of the weathered crust of a rock cultural relic carrier as described above, characterized in that it includes the following steps: S1: Fix the operating table on the ground on one side of the normal plane of the rock cultural relic carrier, adjust the first support unit so that its telescopic support is parallel to the plane where the weathered crust of the rock cultural relic carrier is located, and at the same time make the front support block catch at the cracking end of the weathered crust of the rock cultural relic carrier.

[0016] S2: Adjust the dimension measurement component, make it correspond to the cracking end and the cracking end of the weathered crust of the rock cultural relic carrier, obtain the reading of the dimension measurement component, and measure the required length data.

[0017] S3: Use the second support unit to fix the splitting component on the surface of the rock cultural relic carrier through the force application unit, and by adjusting the width of the splitting component to match the width of the weathered crust, make the tangential force applied by the force application unit evenly transmitted to the weathered crust, and measure the thickness of the weathered crust with a scale.

[0018] S4: Use the force application unit to apply pressure to the splitting component until the connection between the weathered crust and the rock cultural relic carrier cracks, and obtain and record the force application value of the force application unit.

[0019] S5: Perform data processing, obtain the tangential pressure according to the force application value, and obtain the corresponding tensile strength result according to the length and thickness.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention: By setting the first support unit, it can adapt to applying stress to the weathered crust of the rock cultural relic carrier on inclined planes at different angles. By setting the size measurement component, the length of the weathered crust of the rock cultural relic carrier can be directly measured. The splitting component can flexibly adjust the width according to the actual situation to match the width size of the weathered crust of the rock cultural relic carrier, making the force application more uniform. By setting the force application unit, it can cooperate with the splitting component to conduct a splitting test on the weathered crust, and cooperate with the first support unit and the second support unit to realize the on-site layout of the equipment, meeting the on-site measurement requirements. The first support unit and the second support unit can be adjusted according to the actual situation on-site, so that the splitting component and the front support block can better present the required angles for measurement, realizing the flexible layout of the equipment and improving the adaptability. This device avoids the limitations of the traditional Brazilian splitting tensile test, can be more flexibly extended to actual projects, and better collects the shear force when the weathered crust is tensilely damaged during the application of tangential stress.

[0021] Compared with the data of the traditional Brazilian splitting test, the force applied at rupture can be obtained through the force application unit, the length of the sample can be directly measured through the size measurement component, and the thickness of the cracking end of the sample can be known through the splitting component in cooperation with the scale on it. The obtained data is more timely. Further, the splitting component of this device can solve the problem of stress concentration when the traditional Brazilian splitting test device applies pressure on the contact surface of the weathered crust of the rock cultural relic carrier. The stress applied when the splitting component contacts the contact surface of the weathered crust of the rock cultural relic carrier can be evenly transmitted to the entire contact surface. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0023] Figure 1 Schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic cooperation structure diagram of the present invention with the weathered crust; Figure 3 Schematic connection structure diagram of the splitting component and the force application unit of the present invention; Figure 4 Schematic state diagram of the present invention when using a smaller number of wedge blocks; Figure 5 Schematic structure diagram of the size measurement component of the present invention; Figure 6 Schematic separation state diagram of the wedge component and the position diagram of the scale of the present invention; Figure 7Schematic structural diagram of the rotary joint of the present invention; Figure 8 Schematic structural diagram of the hinged position of a load-bearing rod I and a load-bearing rod II of the present invention; Figure 9 Another schematic structural diagram of the hinged position of a load-bearing rod I and a load-bearing rod II of the present invention; In the figure: 1: operating table, 2: first support unit, 3: second support unit, 4: telescopic support, 5: dimension measurement assembly, 6: front support block, 7: splitting assembly, 22: load-bearing rod I, 23: load-bearing rod II, 211: outer base ring, 212: inner ring, 213: straight piece, 214: scale groove, 31: telescopic rod, 32: telescopic cylinder, 71: wedge block, 33: force application rod, 34: outer rail, 35: inner rail, 36: sleeve rod, 37: sleeve, 41: telescopic pipe joint, 42: locking knob, 51: cursor frame, 52: spring, 53: slider. Specific embodiments

[0024] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0025] As Figure 1 、 2 shown, in Embodiment 1, a device for testing the tensile strength of the weathered crust of a rock cultural relic carrier includes an operating table 1, on which a first support unit 2 and a second support unit 3 are respectively connected. The first support unit can adapt to applying stress to the weathered crust of a rock cultural relic carrier on slopes at different angles. The front end of the first support unit 2 is connected to a telescopic support 4, and a dimension measurement assembly 5 is adjustably provided on the telescopic support 4. The dimension measurement assembly is provided to directly measure the length of the to-be-tested weathered crust of the rock cultural relic carrier. A front support block 6 is provided at the front end of the telescopic support 4, and a force application unit is provided at the front end of the second support unit 3. The front end of the force application unit is matched with a splitting assembly 7. A scale is provided on the splitting assembly 7. The splitting assembly 7 and the front support block 6 are respectively used to cooperate with the cracking end and the cracking end of the weathered crust. The splitting assembly 7 can be flexibly adjusted in width according to the actual situation to match the width dimension of the weathered crust of the rock cultural relic carrier, so as to make the force application more uniform. By providing the force application unit, a splitting test on the weathered crust can be realized in cooperation with the splitting assembly, and the on-site layout of the device can be realized in cooperation with the first support unit 2 and the second support unit 3 to meet the on-site measurement requirements.

[0026] In this embodiment, the first support unit 2 and the second support unit 3 can be adjusted according to the actual on-site conditions, so that the splitting assembly and the front support block can better present the angles required for measurement, realizing the flexible layout of the equipment and improving the adaptability. This device avoids the limitations of the traditional Brazilian splitting tensile test, can be more flexibly extended to actual engineering, and can better collect the shear force when the weathered crust is stretched and damaged during the application of tangential stress. Compared with the data of the traditional Brazilian splitting test, the force applied at the time of rupture can be obtained through the force application unit, the length of the sample can be directly measured by the dimension measurement assembly, and the thickness of the cracking end of the sample can be known through the cooperation of the splitting assembly and the scale on it, and the obtained data is more timely.

[0027] Furthermore, the splitting assembly of this device can solve the problem of stress concentration when the traditional Brazilian splitting test device applies pressure to the contact surface of the weathered crust of the rock cultural relic carrier. The stress applied when the splitting assembly contacts the contact surface of the weathered crust of the rock cultural relic carrier can be evenly transmitted to the entire contact surface.

[0028] As a further specific implementation manner, the second support unit 3 includes a telescopic rod 31, and one end of the telescopic rod 31 is hinged to the side wall of the operating table 1. In this embodiment, the telescopic rod can be selected as a two-stage telescopic rod, and a set screw is threadedly connected to the outer pipe section of the telescopic rod for abutting against the side wall of the inner pipe section to lock the telescopic length. The force application unit includes a telescopic cylinder 32 connected to the other end of the telescopic rod 31. The telescopic cylinder 32 is connected to a pressure booster arranged on the operating table 1 through a hose. The telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder 32 is connected to a telescopic slide rail support mechanism, and the telescopic slide rail support mechanism cooperates with the splitting assembly 7.

[0029] When conducting a splitting test, use the pressure booster to supply pressure to the telescopic cylinder to drive the telescopic rod to extend, drive the splitting assembly to move through the telescopic slide rail support mechanism, and then insert the splitting assembly into the cracking end of the weathered crust to realize the splitting of the weathered crust.

[0030] As a further optional implementation manner, in a scenario with a relatively large tensile strength, to improve the stability of the device during use, drill holes in the rock cultural relic carrier, and connect the telescopic rod to the holes through expansion bolts to form a stable fixation of the telescopic rod. In a scenario with a relatively small anti-law strength, directly use the telescopic rod 31 to support the telescopic cylinder 32, and abut the telescopic cylinder 32 against the surface of the rock cultural relic carrier to limit the position of the telescopic cylinder 32.

[0031] The pressure booster can be selected as a hand-operated pressure booster or a hydraulic pump. In this embodiment, a hand-operated pressure booster is used, and the telescopic cylinder 32 is connected to the hand-operated pressure booster arranged on the operating table through an air pipe.

[0032] When shearing, a hand-operated pressure device is used to pressurize the telescopic cylinder. During the pressurization process, the internal pressure of the telescopic cylinder 32 increases and tends to extend, thereby increasing the force exerted by the movable end of the telescopic cylinder 32 on the splitting assembly 7, and simultaneously increasing the shearing force transmitted from the splitting assembly to the weathered crust. By recording the air pressure data of the hand-operated pressure device and combining it with the pressure-bearing area of the extended end of the telescopic cylinder that withstands the air pressure, the magnitude of the corresponding shearing force can be obtained.

[0033] Embodiment 2, based on Embodiment 1, the first support unit 2 includes a rotary joint provided on the operating table 1. The adjustment end of the rotary joint is connected to the load-bearing rod I 22, and the two can be fixedly connected by welding or bolt connection. The outer end of the load-bearing rod I 22 is hinged to the load-bearing rod II 23, and the load-bearing rod II 23 is fixedly connected to the front support assembly 6. By providing a rotary joint, the load-bearing rod I can be rotated, thereby adjusting its angle. The outer end of the load-bearing rod I 22 is hinged to the load-bearing rod II 23, so that the angle between the two can be adjusted, and the relative height between the load-bearing rod II 23 and the rock cultural relic carrier can be flexibly adjusted, so as to maintain the telescopic support 4 parallel to the surface of the rock cultural relic carrier and achieve adaptive matching of weathered crusts at different angles.

[0034] Specifically in this embodiment, as Figure 7 shown, the rotary joint includes an outer base 211 fixedly provided on the side wall of the operating table 1. An inner ring 212 is rotatably provided on the outer base 211. The load-bearing rod I 22 is rotatably connected to the inner ring 212. A straight piece 213 is hinged to the inner ring 212. A plurality of scale grooves 214 matching the straight piece 213 are circumferentially and equally angled on the outer base 211. The straight piece can be rotated and inserted into the scale groove to lock the positions of the inner ring and the outer base. In this embodiment, the straight piece is a rectangular piece and the scale groove is a rectangular groove, and different scale grooves correspond to different angles.

[0035] Embodiment 3, based on Embodiment 2, a limit pin is provided between the load-bearing rod I 22 and the load-bearing rod II 23 to limit the hinge angle.

[0036] In this embodiment, as Figure 8 shown, the load-bearing rod I 22 and the load-bearing rod II 23 are hinged and connected by a hinge shaft. A plurality of through holes are evenly provided on the load-bearing rod I 22 and the load-bearing rod II 23 along the circumferential direction of the hinge shaft. During actual use, after changing the hinge angle between the load-bearing rod I 22 and the load-bearing rod II 23, the hinge angle is locked by inserting the limit pin 24 into the corresponding through hole.

[0037] As a further optional implementation manner, as Figure 9As shown, a sliding seat is fixedly provided on the outer bearing rod I 22 or the bearing rod II 23. A limit pin is slidably arranged on the sliding seat, and a spring is arranged between the limit pin and the sliding seat. Under the action of the spring, the end of the limit pin is inserted into the through holes of the bearing rod I 22 and the bearing rod II 23 to achieve locking. When unlocking is required, the limit pin is pulled outwards to release the locking. A square head cap is provided at the outer end of the limit pin, which is convenient for pulling during the unlocking process.

[0038] Embodiment 4, on the basis of Embodiment 3, as Figure 6 shown, the splitting assembly 7 includes a plurality of wedge blocks 71, and the plurality of wedge blocks 71 are inserted and matched with each other. Specifically, in this embodiment, a protrusion 72 is provided on one side wall of the wedge block, and a groove matched with the protrusion is provided on the other side wall. Adjacent wedge blocks are inserted and matched through the protrusion and the groove to form a whole. The wedge blocks are standard blocks, and the widths of the plurality of wedge blocks are the same. A scale is provided on the tail end plane of the wedge block 71, and the tapered end is matched with the cracking end of the weathered crust. In addition, as Figure 6 shown, it is optional to provide corresponding scales on the side wall and the tail end of the wedge block, which is convenient for observation when blocked. In actual use, an appropriate number of wedge blocks are selected according to the width of the weathered crust, the approximate width data is judged according to the number of wedge blocks, and the width of the weathered crust is matched.

[0039] In addition, as Figure 3 、 4 shown, the telescopic slide rail support mechanism includes a force application rod 33 connected to the telescopic end of the telescopic rod 32. The front end of the force application rod 33 is fixedly connected to the outer rail 34. An inner rail 35 is slidably arranged on the outer rail 34. A sleeve 37 is slidably arranged on the force application rod 33. A sleeve rod 36 is hinged to the outside of the sleeve 37. The sleeve rod 36 is hinged to the inner rail 35, and the inner rail 35 and the outer rail 34 are matched with the end of the wedge block 71. In this embodiment, a total of two inner rails are provided. The two inner rails are respectively slidably matched with both ends of the outer rail. The inner rails are slidably arranged along the lower edge of the outer rail. The mating surfaces between the inner rail and the outer rail for mating with the wedge block are flush. By adjusting the extension amount of the inner rail relative to the outer rail, the overall supportable width can be adjusted to match the width of a plurality of wedge blocks and provide support.

[0040] In addition, two ear seats are provided on the outside of the sleeve. One end of each of the two sleeve rods is respectively hinged to the two ear seats, and the other end of each of the two sleeve rods is respectively hinged to the two inner rails. A plurality of threaded holes are provided on the force application rod. A locking bolt is threadedly connected to the sleeve. By threadedly connecting the locking bolt to different threaded holes, the position of the sleeve is locked. When the sleeve moves along the force application rod, under the action of the hinged sleeve rods, the inner rail can be driven to slide along the outer rail, and the extension amount is adjusted to match the width of a plurality of wedge blocks, so as to support the wedge block from the rear and ensure the stability of the overall structure.

[0041] Embodiment 5. On the basis of Embodiment 4, the telescopic support 4 includes a plurality of telescopic pipe sections 41 fixedly connected to the bearing rod II 23. A locking knob 42 for locking the relative positions between adjacent telescopic pipe sections 41 is arranged in cooperation between the connected telescopic pipe sections 41, and scale values are arranged in cooperation on the telescopic pipe sections 41.

[0042] In addition, the front support block 6 is a wedge-shaped block. Specifically, in this embodiment, an L-shaped bracket is provided at the front end of the last telescopic pipe section, and the front support block is fixed on the L-shaped bracket 61. Under the support of the L-shaped bracket 61 and the telescopic pipe section, the front support block can abut and fit against the cracking end of the weathered crust to form a supporting effect, so that the tangential stress can be better realized.

[0043] In addition, as Figure 2 , 5 shown, the dimension measurement assembly 5 includes a cursor frame 51 sleeved on the telescopic pipe section 41. A plurality of springs 52 are arranged inside the cursor frame 51, and sliders 53 are arranged at the ends of the springs 52. In this embodiment, 12 springs are arranged on each cursor frame, 12 sliders are correspondingly arranged, the cursor frame is a rectangular frame, the telescopic pipe section is a rectangular pipe section, and the sliders are evenly distributed inside the cursor frame. In this embodiment, the sliders are boat-shaped sliders. By arranging the sliders, during the movement of the cursor frame along the telescopic pipe section, the cooperation with the springs can make it smoother to cross the steps between adjacent telescopic pipe sections. Utilizing the contact between the sliders and the telescopic pipe section, a floating support for the cursor frame is formed under the action of the springs, thereby facilitating the sliding of the cursor frame. In this embodiment, two cursor frames are provided, so as to facilitate the alignment and measurement of the two end points of the length of the weathered crust. A pointer 55 for measurement alignment is arranged at the lower end of the cursor frame. During the measurement process, by reading the scale value interval between the corresponding telescopic pipe sections between the two pointers, the length of the weathered crust can be obtained.

[0044] As a further optional solution, a bolt 54 is threadedly connected to the cursor frame. During the measurement, when the cursor frame moves in place, the bolt is rotated to make the bolt contact the side wall of the telescopic pipe section, so as to form a certain degree of support and position determination for the cursor frame, and avoid measurement errors caused by problems such as slippage, skew or self-weight.

[0045] Embodiment 6. A test method using the device for testing the tensile strength of the weathered crust of a rock cultural relic carrier as described above includes the following steps: S1: Fix the operating platform 1 on the ground on one side of the normal plane of the rock cultural relic carrier, adjust the first support unit 2, first adjust the direction of the rotary joint between the bearing rod I and the operating platform, and adjust the hinge angle between the bearing rod I and the bearing rod II, so that the telescopic support 4 is parallel to the plane where the weathered crust of the rock cultural relic carrier is located, and at the same time make the front support block 6 stuck at the cracking end of the weathered crust of the rock cultural relic carrier.

[0046] S2: Adjust the dimension measurement component 5, align the pointers of the cursor boxes with the two ends of the longest part of the weathered crust of the rock cultural relic carrier respectively, obtain the readings of the dimension measurement component 5, measure the required length data, and record it as length L.

[0047] S3: Use the second support unit 3 to fix the splitting component 7 on the surface of the rock cultural relic carrier through the force application unit, and by adjusting the number of wedge blocks of the splitting component 7, thereby changing the overall width of the wedge blocks to match the width of the weathered crust, so that the tangential pressure applied by the force application unit on the splitting component can be evenly distributed on the cross-section of the weathered crust, and obtain the thickness data through the scale, and record it as thickness D.

[0048] S4: Use the force application unit to apply pressure to the splitting component until the connection between the weathered crust and the rock cultural relic carrier cracks, obtain and record the force application value of the force application unit, that is, record the pressure value of the manual pressure device that supplies pressure to the telescopic cylinder, and record it as air pressure P.

[0049] S5: Conduct data processing, obtain the tangential pressure according to the force application value: according to the selected model of the telescopic cylinder, obtain the effective cross-sectional area S of the extended end, and then the tangential pressure applied by the telescopic cylinder can be obtained. . And obtain the corresponding tensile strength result according to length L and thickness D. Among them, the tensile strength: In this embodiment, since the indoor experiment cannot simulate the actual size and weathering conditions of the rock cultural relics, using this device can not only appropriately adjust the size, but also monitor the actual state of the rock wall weathered crust in real time, so as to achieve the purpose of conforming to the actual situation and put forward more reasonable prevention and control measures. This device makes up for the deficiencies of indoor experiments and can monitor more closely to the actual situation. Based on this result, a better protection measure and remedial method can be obtained.

[0050] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An apparatus for testing the tensile strength of the weathered crust of a rock cultural relic carrier, comprising an operation table (1), characterized in that: A first support unit (2) and a second support unit (3) are respectively connected to the operation table (1). A telescopic support (4) is connected to the front end of the first support unit (2). A size measuring assembly (5) is adjustably provided on the telescopic support (4). A front support block (6) is provided at the front end of the telescopic support (4). A force application unit is provided at the front end of the second support unit (3). The front end of the force application unit is matched with a splitting assembly (7). A scale is provided on the splitting assembly (7). The splitting assembly (7) and the front support block (6) are respectively used to cooperate with the cracking end and the cracking terminal of the weathered crust.

2. The device for testing the tensile strength of the weathered crust of a rock cultural relic carrier according to claim 1, wherein: The first support unit (2) includes a rotary joint provided on the operation table (1). The adjusting end of the rotary joint is connected to a first load-carrying rod (22). The outer end of the first load-carrying rod (22) is hinged to a second load-carrying rod (23). The second load-carrying rod (23) is fixedly connected to the front support assembly (6).

3. The device for testing the tensile strength of the weathered crust of the rock cultural relic carrier according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotary joint includes an outer base ring (211) fixedly provided on the side wall of the operation table (1). An inner ring (212) is rotatably provided on the outer base ring (211). The first load-carrying rod (22) is rotatably connected to the inner ring (212). A straight piece (213) is hinged to the inner ring (212). A plurality of scale grooves (214) matched with the straight piece (213) are circumferentially and equiangularly provided on the outer base ring (211).

4. The device for testing the tensile strength of the weathered crust of a rock cultural relic carrier according to claim 3, wherein: A limit pin for restricting the hinge angle is provided between the first load-carrying rod (22) and the second load-carrying rod (23).

5. The device for testing the tensile strength of the weathered crust of a rock cultural relic carrier according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second support unit (3) includes a telescopic rod (31). One end of the telescopic rod (31) is hinged to the side wall of the operation table (1). The force application unit includes a telescopic cylinder (32) connected to the other end of the telescopic rod (31). The telescopic cylinder (32) is connected to a pressure booster provided on the operation table (1) through a hose. The telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder (32) is connected to a telescopic slide rail support mechanism. The telescopic slide rail support mechanism is matched with the splitting assembly (7).

6. The device for testing the tensile strength of the weathered crust of a rock cultural relic carrier according to claim 5, characterized in that: The splitting assembly (7) includes a plurality of wedge blocks (71). The plurality of wedge blocks (71) are inserted and matched with each other. A scale is provided on the side wall of the wedge block (71). The tapered end of the wedge block (71) is matched with the cracking end of the weathered crust.

7. The device for testing the tensile strength of the weathered crust of a rock cultural relic carrier according to claim 6, characterized in that: The telescopic slide rail support mechanism includes a force application rod (33) connected to the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder (32). The front end of the force application rod (33) is fixedly connected to an outer rail (34). An inner rail (35) is slidably provided on the outer rail (34). A sleeve (37) is slidably provided on the force application rod (33). A sleeve rod (36) is hinged to the outside of the sleeve (37). The sleeve rod (36) is hinged to the inner rail (35). The inner rail (35) and the outer rail (34) are matched with the end of the wedge block (71).

8. The device for testing the tensile strength of the weathered crust of a rock cultural relic carrier according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that: The telescopic support (4) includes a plurality of telescopic pipe joints (41) fixedly connected to the second load-carrying rod (23). A locking knob (42) for locking the relative position between adjacent telescopic pipe joints (41) is provided between the adjacent telescopic pipe joints (41). A scale value is provided on the telescopic pipe joint (41). The front support block (6) is a wedge block.

9. The device for testing the tensile strength of the weathered crust of a rock cultural relic carrier according to claim 8, characterized in that: The dimension measurement component (5) includes a cursor frame (51) sleeved on the telescopic pipe section (41). A number of springs (52) are provided inside the cursor frame (51), and sliders (53) are provided at the ends of the springs (52).

10. A testing method using the device for testing the tensile strength of the weathered crust of a rock cultural relic carrier as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1: Fix the operation table (1) on the ground on one side of the normal plane of the rock cultural relic carrier. Adjust the first support unit (2) so that its telescopic support device (4) is parallel to the plane where the weathered crust of the rock cultural relic carrier is located. At the same time, make the front support block (6) stuck at the cracking end of the weathered crust of the rock cultural relic carrier; S2: Adjust the dimension measurement component (5), make it correspond to the cracking end and the cracking terminal of the weathered crust of the rock cultural relic carrier, obtain the reading of the dimension measurement component (5), and measure the required length data; S3: Use the second support unit (3) to fix the splitting component (7) on the surface of the rock cultural relic carrier through the force application unit, and match the width of the splitting component (7) to the width of the weathered crust by adjusting it, so that the tangential force applied by the force application unit to the splitting component can be evenly transmitted to the weathered crust, and use a scale to measure the thickness of the weathered crust; S4: Use the force application unit to apply pressure to the splitting component until the connection between the weathered crust and the rock cultural relic carrier cracks, and obtain and record the force application value of the force application unit; S5: Perform data processing, obtain the tangential pressure according to the force application value, and obtain the corresponding tensile strength result according to the length and thickness.

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